Institution of Surveyors Victoria

The Institution of Surveyors Victoria (ISV), is the peak body for the surveying profession in Victoria. ISV was originally known as the Victorian Institute of Surveyors (VIS), and was established in 1874. ISV is the oldest professional surveying body in both Victoria and Australia.

## Role[edit]

ISV promotes best practice, professional growth and continuing professional development (CPD) for surveying and especially for land (cadastral) surveyors. ISV also pursues strong connections with government, business, academe and the community. The key functions undertaken include:

* the conduct of congresses and seminars, which is especially important to enable Licensed Surveyors to fulfill mandatory CPD requirements, known as Further Professional Education or Training (FPET) under Section 7 of the Surveying Act 2004 for the Surveyors Registration Board of Victoria (SRBV)- SRBV does not provide FPET activities and is dependent on ISV and other bodies
* professional publishing including the institution's journal "Traverse"
* partnering with universities that teach surveying
* helping to formulate educational standards for cadastral surveyors
* conveying the opinions and expert advice of the surveying profession to government
* representation on SRBV
* engaging with other professional and industry bodies.[1][2]

## Organization[edit]

ISV's board of directors is chaired by the elected president and its office is in Melbourne. From its first meeting on 7 April 1874, ISV members included surveyors from across all regions of the state. ISV now has four regional groups: the Gippsland Group, the Glenelg Grampians Group, the Murray Group and the North Central Victoria Group.[3]

## History[edit]

Victoria was under the then colony of New South Wales until it became a separate colony in July 1851, and it gained self-governance from Britain in 1855.[4] Upon the Federation of Australia, Victoria became an Australian state. Throughout, Victoria's surveyors have contributed to the state's development.[3]

### Establishment and incorporation[edit]

VIS which was established in 1874, was originally incorporated in 1895. In 1952, ISV merged with other Australian state surveying institutions to form the Institution of Surveyors Australia. However, it retained its separate incorporation, whilst becoming a state division of ISA. In 2007, ISV foresaw the closure of ISA and re-commenced as an institution in its own right. ISA closed as of 1 July 2009.[5][6]

Robert Lewis John Ellery CMG FRS FRAS was the inaugural President of VIS, serving for the period 1874–77. Ellery was a Fellow of VIS.[7]

### 1874: VIS inaugural meeting[edit]

VIS held its first "Ordinary Meeting" at Weber's Hotel, Elizabeth Street Melbourne on Saturday 9 May 1874 commencing at 12.30pm. Participants at the meeting were: Thomas Conchman, Vice-President; Stuart Murray, Secretary;Thomas Bingham Muntz (Surveyor and Shire Engineer at Metcalf near Castlemaine); William Davidson (Government Surveyor); and Henry Archdall. The meeting received a written apology from then Surveyor-General Alexander John Skene that he was unable to accept the nomination to be president. As the minutes make no mention of Ellery, it is understood that only after the meeting was Ellery approached to be President and accepted the offer. The meeting’s minutes record the names of the original thirty-eight surveyors admitted as Members of VIS. Of particular note, these included Skene and Ellery and future Surveyors-General Alexander Black, Michael Calanan, and Samuel Kingston Vickery. [8]

### 1892: First Intercolonial Conference of Surveyors[edit]

On 31 October 1892, at Customs House in Melbourne, representatives of the respective Surveyors Examination Boards of the Australian Colonies and New Zealand convened the first Intercolonial Conference of Surveyors where it was proposed and agreed to introduce reciprocity for registration of surveyors. It was Robert Ellery, Chair of the Victorian Board of Examiners for Land Surveyors who introduced the proposal. Ellery was also elected President of the intercolonial Conference of Surveyors. At the time of this conference, Australia was entering a depression and the Surveyor-General position had remained unfilled since Surveyor-General Charles Whybrow Ligar had retired in May 1892. Ellery was also the Government Astronomer. He had worked under Surveyors-General Ligar, Alexander John Skene and Alexander Black. Reciprocity has largely continued since that agreement.[9]

### 1927: First Interstate Conference of the Australian Institutes of Surveyors[edit]

VIS convened the First Interstate Conference of the Australian Institutes of Surveyors in Melbourne, 2-4 November 1927. The conference was opened by the Minister for Lands and Water Supply, Henry Bailey, who was also the President of the Board of Land and Works. The Conference Welcome was delivered by the VIS President J.G. Gillespie who conveyed that cooperation of the respective State Institutes was paramount and unfortunately a proposed Conference in 1926 was unable to proceed, which led to Victoria taking on the task of convening. Gillespie spoke on the important lead role in the planning and development of Australian. Also of note, the Conference was informed of the judging of the competition of the plan for the Federal Capital design, led by surveyor Mr. J. Alexander Smith, appointed by the Federal Government after being nominated by the surveying profession.[10]

### 1956: Olympic Games Melbourne[edit]

The Melbourne Division of ISA provided technical advisory support to the 1956 Melbourne Olympic Games Organizing Committee. Although requested to take on a much bigger role, the Division agreed to provide expert advice on measuring three key events, viz. the Marathon run and also the 50km and 20km walks. The Olympic Organizing Committee adopted the Division's advice.[11]

### 1957-59: Key division decisions[edit]

It was reported that the two major decisions were made by the Divisional Committee during 1957. Firstly, that due to the growth of ISV, a full-time Manager Secretary, Mr. Neil Smith was appointed in May 1957. The second key decision was the Committee agreed to recommend that the new registered name of the organization would be the Institution of Surveyors Victoria, whilst also retaining the name the Institution of Surveyors Australia, Victorian Division. It seems the Committee and its Councillors to ISA were concerned about proposed changes to the ISA constitution and wanted to protect Victorian interests.It was not until the quarterly meeting of June 1959, that the new name, the Institution of Surveyors Victoria was officially registered. Further, ISV was also referred to as ISV acting for the Victorian Division of ISA. [12][13]

### 1974: ISV centenary[edit]

ISV celebrated its centenary at the 17th Australian Survey Congress in Melbourne, 23 February - 1 March 1974. The congress was held at Old Customs House, which now is the Immigration Museum, Melbourne. His Excellency, Major General Sir Rohan Delacombe KCMG KCVO KBE CB DSO, officially opened the congress on 25th February, 1974. Of significance, the congress keynote address, “A Surveyor Looks at the Environment – the Next 100 Years”, was delivered by Professor Desmond O'Connor, the Foundation Professor of Environmental Studies at Murdoch University. Professor O'Connor was originally a surveyor.[14][15]

### 1994: FIG XX Congress[edit]

The International Federation of Surveyors (FIG) XX Congress, with the theme "Surveying global changes", was held in Melbourne, 5-12 March 1994.· The Congress, hosted by the former ISA, was largely under the organization of ISV and the Congress Director was Raymond Holmes. Holmes was an Honorary Fellow of ISV and also the twenty-second Surveyor-General of Victoria. ISV members undertook most of the key roles in conduct of the Congress to ensure its successful operation. The Congress was opened by the then Victorian Governor, His Excellency, Richard McGarvie AC QC. The Congress was recognized at that time as having the largest number of delegates, more than 1,000, and the first to achieve that number. Congress feedback overwhelming reported it as the best ever FIG Congress and the directorship of Holmes and the support of ISV has been acknowledged as critical to the success.[16]

### 1999: United Nations–FIG International Conference[edit]

The Victorian Division of ISA was a co-organizer of the joint United Nations–FIG International Conference on Land Tenure and Cadastral Infrastructures for Sustainable Development which was held in Melbourne on 24-27 October 1999. Around three hundred delegates, from some thirty countries, attended the Conference, with Peter Costigan, the Lord Mayor of Melbourne, welcoming delegates and the official opening by Ms. JoAnne DiSano, Director of the Sustainable Development Division of the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. The Conference embraced multiple themes including land, water, tenure reform, indigenous rights, women’s rights, the information revolution and government/institutional reform. The joint UN-FIG Bathurst Declaration on Land Administration for Sustainable Development was launched at the Conference. The Declaration was prepared the previous week at a workshop in Bathurst, New South Wales. The workshop involved forty representatives from around the world, including the World Bank, five United Nations agencies plus other delegates from civil society and academe.[17]

### 2001: Sesquicentenary of the Surveyor-General of Victoria 2001[edit]

Another significant milestone for ISV was its support for the Sesquicentenary of the Surveyor-General of Victoria in 2001. Events were held throughout the year and the Victorian Division was part of the collaboration with the Office of the Surveyor-General of Victoria and the Association of Consulting Surveyors Victoria. The Victorian Division hosted the premier event for the Sesquicentenary, which was the Gala Dinner on 7 July 2001 with His Excellency Governor Landy being the guest of honour and keynote speaker. Governor Landy was accompanied by his wife Mrs. Lynne Landy. In addition, the Victorian Division coordinated a Commemorative two-page spread in the Herald Sun, published 7 July 2001, which included messages from the Governor and Surveyor-General.[18]

### 2002: Fiftieth Anniversary of ISA[edit]

On Saturday 25 May 2002, ISA celebrated its 50th Anniversary, Golden Jubilee, at Parliament House, Canberra, with a one-day conference followed by a gala formal dinner. ISA Victorian Division Councillor, Keith Bell, then Surveyor General of Victoria, organised the Conference program, serving as Master of Ceremonies for the day and coordinated the gala dinner. He also prepared the Conference Report and organized for a fiftieth anniversary medal to be struck. Victorian Division members were amongst the conference’s speakers and panel discussion members, including Hon. Fellow, Professor Terry Roberts who delivered the keynote address. Private surveyor, Richard Simpson from Melbourne was the Master of Ceremonies for the gala dinner.[19]

### 2000-2009: The demise of ISA[edit]

The first decade of the new millennium was a difficult one for ISV. In 2000, under the leadership of Warwick Watkins, then Chair of the Australian New Zealand Land Information Council (ANZLIC), the National Spatial Action Agenda (NSAA) was conceived and promoted. In Victoria, the then Executive Director of Land Victoria, Elizabeth O'Keeffe, was a leading promoter of the NSAA. In September 2001, O’Keeffe signed a contract with the Australian Spatial Information Business Association (ASIBA), which later became known as the Spatial Information Business Association (SIBA), and in 2022 the Geospatial Council of Australia (GCA). The purpose of the contract was to lobby both the government and opposition in support of the NSAA. It was also later established the contract was to discredit ISV and the industry body, the Association of Consulting Surveyors Victoria (ACSV), which were working with Surveyor-General to support surveying reform. The contract was subsequently determined to be illegal and inappropriate and cancelled. However, ISV, ACSV and the Surveyor-General only became aware of the contract in February 2002.

A key ANZLIC driver for NSAA was for government to only talk to one professional body. ANZLIC funded a consultancy – Spatial Sciences Coalition – that was managed by a Victorian Division councilor. The process lacked transparency as that councilor, who was working in a private business capacity repeatedly declined to inform the ISA Council of who was driving the SSC. In fact, that councilor did not even mention the NSAA which remained unknown to ISA Council until 2002. The ISA Council was very divided over the SSC proposal, especially as the words “surveyor” and “surveying” were forbidden to be included in the term “Spatial Sciences Coalition”.

By 2003, the Spatial Sciences Institute had been established and the then President of ISA was also President of SSI. Victoria raised concerns of that being a conflict of interest. The “dual” president entered into a service agreement with the SSI, signed 6 May 2004, which actually commenced on 1 July 2003. Victorian Division concerns were ignored.

Victorian councilors and the Division committee endeavored to keep ISV members informed of the concerns with SSI and the serious governance issues and lack of transparency. Further, the risks to ISA assets were identified as SSI would take control of all ISA assets. At least 139 Victorian members of ISA resigned during 2007. In 2007, ISV incorporated as a separate body. In 2009, ISA ceased to operate, and the new Surveying and Spatial Sciences Institute (SSSI) commenced.

With the merger of SSSI and SIBA to form GCA in 2022, it is now claimed that GCA is the paramount body for surveying in Australia. This is in spite of there being only 750 land surveying members of GCA. ISV has over 400 members and the Institution of Surveyors NSW (ISNSW) has around 1000 members. Further, the Western Australian Institution of Surveyors (WAIS) subsequently reformed and almost 300 members withdrew from SSSI to rejoin WAIS. At the time of NSAA’s push for SSC, ISA had around 3500 members. [20][21] [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]

### 2016: ISV, ISNSW, WAIS and NZIS Meeting - Christchurch[edit]

During the FIG Working Week conference in Christchurch, 2-6 May 2016, representatives of ISV including then President, Doug Gow, Executive Officer, Gary White, and ISV Fellow, Keith Bell, met with delegations from ISNSW, WAIS and the New Zealand Institute of Surveyors (NZIS) to discuss the concerns regarding the closure of ISA and the loss of a national focus. The meeting was chaired by former ISA President and then ISNSW President Phil Hayward. Following on from the meeting, a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) was prepared, under which ISV would take the lead role in bringing together the surveying-focused organizations from across Australia (Consulting Surveyors National, the Association of Consulting Surveyors NSW, ACSV, WAIS and the Queensland Surveying and Spatial Association) to establish a forum to open up communications and enable the exchange of information and collaboration on issues which impact on our Land Surveying members nationally. Unfortunately, it seems no further progress was made.[30][31][32]

## Institutional name[edit]

VIS, which was established in 1874, was originally incorporated in 1895. In 1952, VIS merged with other Australian state surveying institutions to form the Institution of Surveyors Australia (ISA). At that point, it became known as the Melbourne Division of the Institution of Surveyors Australia. In 1957, arising However, in 1957, arising to concerns about amendments to the ISA constitution, the Melbourne Division committee proposed that the Institution of Surveyors Victoria (ISV) and it would be known as ISV acting for the Victorian Division of ISA. However, it was only in 1959 that this name change proceeded to be registered. Around 2003, the Victorian Division committee became increasingly concerned with the proposed establishment of the Spatial Sciences Institute, which would replace ISA and the reputational risks to the surveying profession. These concerns increased and in 2007, ISV re-commenced as an incorporated institution in its own right. ISA closed as of 1 July 2009 and the Victorian Division of ISA as a name was dropped. ISV has also registered the name Surveyors Victoria in 2023.[33] [34] [35] [36]

## Membership[edit]

ISV members are primarily land surveyors, but other professional surveyors are also members including engineering, mining and geodetic surveyors and academics in the scientific fields associated with surveying. Many members are Licensed Surveyors, registered by SRBV to practice cadastral surveying in the state of Victoria. The Minister appoints two Licensed Surveyors to the SRBV who are nominated by the professional body representing the majority of Licensed Surveyors, as stipulated under section 47 of the Surveying Act 2004.[37] ISV represents the significant majority of Licensed Surveyors in Victoria.

Originally, VIS membership only had a single category of membership, Ordinary Member. However, during the first decade of operation, VIS also created categories of Fellow and Honorary Member. Ellery was appointed as the first Fellow of VIS in 1877. With the establishment of ISA in 1952, there were five categories of membership Honorary Fellow, Fellow, Member, Associate, and Student. However, ISV since incorporation in 2007 has six levels of membership: Honorary Fellow, Fellow, Member, Graduate, Associate, and Student. The highest levels of membership of ISV are Fellow and Honorary Fellow, which recognize eminent service to the surveyong profession. Eminent Victorian surveyors from government, academe and the private sector have been appointed to the grades of Fellow and Honorary Fellow.

Many past holders of the position of Surveyor-General of Victoria achieved Fellow or Honorary Fellow status due to their respective contributions to ISV (VIS) and the surveying profession. [38] These include Alexander Black (Fellow VIS), Samuel Kingston Vickery (Fellow VIS), Joseph Martin Reed (Fellow VIS), Frank William Arter (Fellow VIS), Colin Edward Middleton (Fellow ISV), Raymond Eden Holmes (Honorary Fellow ISV) and Keith Clifford Bell (Fellow ISV).

Upon its establishment in 1874, VIS had 38 members. Prior to the First World War, it seems membership had grown to around 100 and by the start of the Second World War, there were 165 members, and by 1942, there were 179 members. Following the Second World War, with over two decades of massive post-war construction, especially housing expansion and infrastructure, membership had risen to 555 by 1968. Membership continued to grow until 1991, when it reached its peak of 672 members. However, the age profile has also increased and by 2003, the average member age was around 50. By 2010, the average age was late fifties. As surveyors retired, they also resigned ISV membership and by 2006 membership was at 432 and further decreased to 418 by 2015. By 2020, ISV membership had settled at around 400. Some of the ISV membership losses were due to the creation of SSSI, which attracted some of ISV's membership. However, it is also noted that Cadastral Surveying Commission membership numbers of SSSI have subsequently plummeted since it was established in 2009, both at the national and Victorian levels.

There is no doubt that the status of the Australia and Victorian economies has impacted the surveying profession. The early 1990s recession in Australia, often labelled as "the recession we had to have" by then Australian Federal Treasurer Paul Keating saw Australian housing and development suffer major falls. This also reduced demand for surveying services and impacted ISV membership. Previous major economic downturns have been the 1930s Great Depression in Australia that followed the collapse of Wall Street in 1929 and also the Australian banking crisis of 1893 causing a depression. Such economic downturns hit housing and development, causing surveyors to leave the profession. The 1890s depression had a major impact on settlement across Victoria. Conversely, the post Second World War construction boom increased demand for surveyors and ISV membership numbers grew significantly.[39][40][41][42][43][44][45]

## Crest[edit]

|

The original crest of the Victorian Institute of Surveyors was created in 1874 and used on formal documents, such as membership certificates. The Latin motto was adapted from a section of Lucretius’ poem De Rerum Natura (The Nature of Things) Volume IV, lines 514 to 516, and is generally understood as a warning that reasoning based on false senses is akin to a house made in a faulty fashion or built to false calculations.  | Original crest of the Victorian Institute of Surveyors
Ink Stamp Masthead used by the Victorian Institute of Surveyors from 1878 to mid 1880s.  | Ink Stamp of Victorian Institute of Surveyors (1878)
The current ISV crest was first registered by the Institution of Surveyors NSW Inc in 1924, and was adopted by ISV in 1952. The crest bears a motto in Greek, which ISV reports to mean “Let no one without skill in geometry enter”. [46] |

## Traverse[edit]

Traverse is the magazine of ISV which is published nominally on a quarterly basis and is intended to provide members with technical and educational articles, letters from members regarding matters of interest, reports from office bearers and information on events and other activities. In late 1963, two eminent members of the Division, Alan Brown and Frank Noonan, put a proposal to the Divisional Committee that Traverse be established as the Division's magazine. The Committee then agreed “to proceed with Traverse in a fresh, easily read, modern format”. The first issue was published March 1964 and replaced the Division’s “News Bulletin” which had been published for the previous decade.

Since April 2013, Issue 288, Traverse has been published both in hardcopy and digital formats.

During the covid pandemic period, there was a pause in publishing Traverse, from Issue 329 of December 2020 until it resumed with Issue 330 in June 2023.[47] [48]

## References[edit]

1. ^ ISV Organization, https://surveying.org.au/
2. ^ SRBV FPET, https://www.surveyorsboard.vic.gov.au/content/82/Further-Professional-Education.aspx
3. ^ a b "The Institution of Surveyors Victoria – Surveyors Victoria". surveying.org.au.
4. ^ "Parliament of Victoria – 54th Parliament Votes". parliament.vic.gov.au. Archived from the original on 9 March 2013.
5. ^ "Search Results - Organisations and Business Names". connectonline.asic.gov.au.
6. ^ Centre for Transformative Innovation, Swinburne University of Technology. "Institution of Surveyors, Australia - Corporate Body - Encyclopedia of Australian Science and Innovation". www.eoas.info.
7. ^ Gascoigne, S. C. B. Australian Dictionary of Biography. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University - via Australian Dictionary of Biography.
8. ^ Meeting Minutes of the Institution of Surveyors at Weber's Hotel Elizabeth Street Melbourne dated 9 May 1874 (recorded by Stuart Murray, CE MA, acting as Secretary pro tem)
9. ^ Report of the Intercolonial Conference of Surveyors (The Surveyor 12-12-1892 Vol. V No.12 pp.411 to 417)
10. ^ First Interstate Conference of the Australian Institutes of Surveyors, 2-4 Nov 1927, https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00050326.1928.10435961
11. ^ Melbourne Division Quarterly Report, Australian Surveyor, Vol 16, Issue 4, 1956,https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00050326.1956.10437349
12. ^ Melbourne Division, Annual Report, Australian Surveyor, Vol 17, 1958, Issue 2, https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00050326.1958.10440370
13. ^ Victorian Division, Quarterly Report, Australian Surveyor, Vol 17, 1959, Issue 7, https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00050326.1959.10440464?_gl=1*y00u6w*_ga*MTgwMzA0ODk4NC4xNzEyMTM4MTMy*_ga_0HYE8YG0M6*MTcxMjEzODEzMi4xLjEuMTcxMjEzODI2OC4wLjAuMA..*_gcl_au*OTI2NzkxNDM5LjE3MTIxMzgyNjI.&_ga=2.264602319.1560807368.1712138132-1803048984.1712138132
14. ^ Summary Report of the 17th Australian Survey Congress, https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00050326.1974.10440752
15. ^ Murdoch University Vale, 7 June 2023, https://www.murdoch.edu.au/news/articles/murdoch-s-environmental-science-pioneer-vale-to-the-prof
16. ^ FIG and me, FIG Publication 75, https://fig.net/resources/publications/figpub/pub75/Figpub75.pdf
17. ^ https://www.fig.net/news/archive/melbourne/melbourne.asp
18. ^ Institution of Surveyors Victoria, Traverse, quarterly issues 2001
19. ^ Bell, K.C. (2002), Report on the 50th Anniversary of the Institution of Surveyors, Australia, May 2002, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327200404_Report_on_the_50th_Anniversary_of_the_Institution_of_Surveyors_Australia
20. ^ Sullivan, P. (2009) The ISA Meltdown, paper for ISV Committee.
21. ^ Bell, K.C. (2009), The Institution of Surveyors, Australia-Demise of a Profession, June 2009, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327270432_The_Institution_of_Surveyors_Australia-Demise_of_a_Profession
22. ^ Hansard, Legislative Assembly, 17 April 2002, pp861-863, Grievances, Victor Perton, https://www.parliament.vic.gov.au/4affe3/globalassets/hansard-historical-documents/weekly/2002/20020416-20020418-hansard-la.pdf
23. ^ "Parliament of Victoria, Hansard, Legislative Assembly, 16, 17 and 18 April 2002" (PDF). Retrieved 19 March 2023.
24. ^ "Senior public servant sacked over Currawong". 21 July 2011.
25. ^ "ICAC launches attack on fat cats". 26 February 2013.
26. ^ ASIBA letter to Nairn, Aug 15, 2003 – ASIBA letter to Gary Nairn,https___aphref.aph.gov.au_house_committee_bushfires_inquiry_subs_sub491.pdf
27. ^ "SPATIAL VOICE No 9 Results of the ballot to establish the SPATIAL SCIENCES INSTITUTE" (PDF). April 4, 2003.
28. ^ "PSMA Annual Report 2002-03" (PDF). Retrieved 19 March 2023.
29. ^ Elizabeth O’Keeffe, DNRE email-memo, "Article in the Age", 12 July 2002
30. ^ ISV Traverse 307, June 2016, https://surveying.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/TRAV307.pdf
31. ^ ISV Traverse 309, October 2016, https://surveying.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/TRAV309.pdf
32. ^ ISV, ISNSW and WAIS communications and minutes (unpublished) of the Christchurch May 2016 meeting
33. ^ Victorian Institute of Surveyors, Annual Report, 21 December 1951, Australian Surveyor, 1952, https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00050326.1952.10437108
34. ^ Annual Report of The Victoria Division 8 April 1960, Australian Surveyor, https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00050326.1960.10440519
35. ^ Institution of Surveyors Victoria, Incorporated, ASIC, https://connectonline.asic.gov.au/RegistrySearch/faces/landing/SearchRegisters.jspx?_adf.ctrl-state=wngpvbpz2_29
36. ^ Surveying Victoria, ASIC,https://connectonline.asic.gov.au/RegistrySearch/faces/landing/bn/SearchBnRegisters.jspx?_adf.ctrl-state=wngpvbpz2_54
37. ^ "Surveying Act 2004". www.legislation.vic.gov.au.
38. ^ ISV Membership, https://surveying.org.au/membership/
39. ^ VIS Report of Council, 1938-39, Australian Surveyor, Vol 7, 1939, Issue 6, https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00050326.1939.10436627?_gl=1*bb4lno*_ga*MTgwMzA0ODk4NC4xNzEyMTM4MTMy*_ga_0HYE8YG0M6*MTcxMjEzODEzMi4xLjEuMTcxMjE0MTY4OS4wLjAuMA..*_gcl_au*OTI2NzkxNDM5LjE3MTIxMzgyNjI.&_ga=2.229943900.1560807368.1712138132-1803048984.1712138132
40. ^ ISA Report of Council, 1941-42, Australian Surveyor, Vol 9, 1942, Issue 2, https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00050326.1942.10436751?_gl=1*h04zyt*_ga*MTgwMzA0ODk4NC4xNzEyMTM4MTMy*_ga_0HYE8YG0M6*MTcxMjEzODEzMi4xLjEuMTcxMjE0MzI1OC4wLjAuMA..*_gcl_au*OTI2NzkxNDM5LjE3MTIxMzgyNjI.&_ga=2.197569263.1560807368.1712138132-1803048984.1712138132
41. ^ 39th AGM, Cairns, Report of Council 1991-92, Australian Surveyor, Vol 37, 1992, Issue 3, https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00050326.1992.10438805?_gl=1*k8je6l*_ga*MTgwMzA0ODk4NC4xNzEyMTM4MTMy*_ga_0HYE8YG0M6*MTcxMjEzODEzMi4xLjEuMTcxMjE0MDY2MC4wLjAuMA..*_gcl_au*OTI2NzkxNDM5LjE3MTIxMzgyNjI.&_ga=2.2984432.1560807368.1712138132-1803048984.1712138132
42. ^ Surveyng & Spatial Sciences Institute Annual Reports, 2011-12, 2012-13, 2013-14, 2014-15, 2015-16, 2016-17, 2017-18, 2018-19, 2019-20, 2020-21, 2021-22
43. ^ Bell, K.C.. (2016), The Cadastral Surveying Profession: Considerations for Sustainability and Growth – a Trilogy, Part 1, Traverse 305, February 2016, ISV, https://surveying.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/TRAV305.pdf
44. ^ Bell, K.C.. (2016), The Cadastral Surveying Profession: Considerations for Sustainability and Growth – a Trilogy, Part 2, Traverse 306, April 2016, ISV, https://surveying.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/TRAV306.pdf
45. ^ Bell, K.C.. (2016), The Cadastral Surveying Profession: Considerations for Sustainability and Growth – a Trilogy, Part 3, Traverse 307, June 2016, ISV, https://surveying.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/TRAV307.pdf
46. ^ ISV Origins, https://surveying.org.au/origins/
47. ^ Traverse 50, August 1995, p. 12, A Review, Victorian Division of the Institution of Surveyors Australia
48. ^ ISV Traverse, https://surveying.org.au/traverse/