Instruments used in general surgery

There are many different surgical specialties, some of which require specific kinds of surgical instruments to perform.

General surgery is a specialty focused on the abdomen; the thyroid gland; diseases involving skin, breasts, and various soft tissues; trauma; peripheral vascular disease; hernias; and endoscopic procedures.

Instruments can be classified in many ways, but, broadly speaking, there are five kinds of instruments.

1. Cutting and dissecting instruments
2. Grasping or holding instruments
3. Hemostatic instruments
4. Retractors
5. Tissue unifying instruments and materials

Instruments used in surgery are:[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][excessive citations]

This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items. (August 2008)

|

Instrument Name  | Image  | Brief description  | Specific instruments

|
|
|

Electrical cautery |  | Electrical surgical cauterization utilizes electricity in either a monopolar or bipolar format to burn soft tissue and control bleeding[12] |

* Bovie pencil
* Monopolar hook
* Monopolar spatula
* Bipolar forceps

Curette |  | For scraping or debriding biological tissue or debris in a biopsy, excision, or cleaning procedure  |
Dermatome |  | Removes epidermis to graft over another area  |
Dissecting forceps  |  | Grasping and holding; usually used in skin closures or small wounds  | Adson
Tissue forceps  |  | Grasping and holding tissue  | Allis
Penetrating towel clamp  |  | Used to secure towels or reduce bone fragments  | Backhaus penetating towel clamp
Carmalt forceps  |  | Hemostatic forceps  | Kalabasa
Cushing forceps  |  | Grasping and holding  | Non-toothed dissecting forceps
Dandy forceps  |  | Hemostatic forceps  |
DeBakey forceps |  | Grasping and holding  | Non-toothed dissecting forceps designed for use on blood vessels, organs, or delicate tissue
Doyen intestinal clamp  |  | Clamps and distractors  | Non-crushing clamp designed for use on the intestines
Kelly forceps |  | Hemostatic forceps  |
Kocher forceps  |  | Hemostatic forceps  |
Mosquito forceps  |  | Hemostatic forceps  |
Hook  |  | Retractor  |
Nerve hook |  | Retractor  |
Skin hook  |  | Retractor  |
Lancet (scalpel)  |  | Cutting  |
Mammotome |  |  |
Needle holder |  | Grasping and holding  |

* Castroviejo
* Crilewood
* Mayo-Hegar
* Olsen-Hegar

Retractor |  | Retractor  | Handheld:

* Deaver
* Weitlander
* Army-Navy
* Richardson
* Richardson-Eastmann
* Ribbon

Self-retaining:

* O'Connor-O'Sullivan
* Thompson
* Omni-Tract

Ultrasonic scalpel  |  | Cutting  |
Laser scalpel |  | Cutting  |
Scissors |  | Cutting and spreading  | May be curved or straight

* Iris
* Metzenbaum's
* Mayo
* Tenotomy

Speculum |  | Used to retract orifices  |

* Graves'
* Sim's

Suction tube and Yankeur suction tip  |  | Accessories and implants  |
Surgical elevator |  |  |
Surgical hook  |  | Retractor  |
Surgical blade #15 |  | Used to cut vessels or make small incisions  |
Surgical mesh |  | Accessories and implants  |
Surgical needle |  | Accessories and implants  |
Surgical sponge |  |  |
GIA stapler |  | Used to make a gastrointestinal anastamosis  | Linear stapler
Surgical tray  |  |  |
Suture |  |  |
Tongue depressor |  |  |
Tonsillotome  |  |  |
Towel clamp  |  | Clamp  |
Towel forceps  |  | Clamp  |
Backhaus towel forceps  |  |  |
Lorna towel clamp  |  | Non-penatrating towel clamp  |
Tracheotome |  |  |
Tissue expander |  | Accessories and implant  |
Subcutaneous inflatable balloon expander  |  | Accessories and implants  |
Trephine |  | Cutting instrument  |
Trocar |  | Access instrument. Used to create an opening into a space without opening the abdominal cavity. A camera is inserted through one to view the interior while instruments are inserted through the others to manipulate the organs.  |
Ultrasonic energy device  |  | Surgical device typically used to dissect tissue, but also seals small vessels and tissue bundles

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "ilizarov.com (English)". Archived from the original on 2013-01-26. Retrieved 2008-06-04.
2. ^ Children with Tracheostomies Resource Guide, by Marilyn K. Kertoy, p. 15 (Google book search)
3. ^ Rob Toreki (1 December 2004). "Cannulas". The Glassware Gallery. Interactive Learning ←Paradigms Incorporated.
4. ^ "Practical approach to nephrostomy". Archived from the original on 2005-11-03. Retrieved 2008-06-04.
5. ^ See Mr R McElroy for details of various operations and the unintended effects of chemical cauterization
6. ^ Ring, Malvin (July 2001). "How a Dentist's Name Became a Synonym for a Life-saving Device: The Story of Dr. Charles Stent". Journal of the History of Dentistry. 49 (2): 77–80\. PMID 11484317. Archived from the original on 2005-04-28. Retrieved 2008-04-01.
7. ^ How do they get the hole through a hypodermic needle?
8. ^ Bonfils-Roberts, E (May 1972). "The Rib Spreader: A Chapter in the History of Thoracic Surgery" (PDF). Chest. 61 (5): 469–474\. doi:10.1378/chest.61.5.469. ISSN 0012-3692. PMID 4558402. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-12-17. Retrieved 2008-04-22.
9. ^ "General Instrument Sourcebook - KMedic" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-18. Retrieved 2011-02-10.
10. ^ Russell, R. C. G.; Bulstrode, C. J. K.; Williams, N. S. (25 April 2000). Bailey & Love's SHORT PRACTICE OF SURGERY (23rd ed.). Taylor & Francis. ISBN 0-340-75949-6.
11. ^ Gould, George M. (1934). Gould's Pocket Pronouncing Medical Dictionary (10th (rev) ed.). P. Blakiston's Son & Co., Inc.
12. ^ Cordero, Ismael (2015). "Electrosurgical units – how they work and how to use them safely". Community Eye Health. 28 (89): 15–16\. ISSN 0953-6833. PMC 4579996. PMID 26435589.

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