International Day For Monuments and Sites

Annual observance on 18 April

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The International Day for Monuments and Sites also known as World Heritage Day is an international observance held on 18 April each year around the world with different types of activities, including visits to monuments and heritage sites, conferences, round tables and newspaper articles. Each year the International Council on Monuments and sites elects a theme, for example sustainable tourism in 2017 and rural landscapes in 2019.[1]

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## History

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The International Day for Monuments and Sites was proposed by the International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS) on 18 April 1982 and approved by the General Assembly of UNESCO in 1983 during the assembly's 22nd general conference. The aim is to promote awareness about the diversity of cultural heritage of humanity, their vulnerability and the efforts required for their protection and conservation.[3]

For 2023 the theme "Heritage Changes" was chosen.[4]

## Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage

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The Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage defines monument as:

> Monuments: architectural works, works of monumental sculpture and painting, elements or structures of an archaeological nature, inscriptions, cave dwellings and combinations of features, which are of outstanding universal value from the point of view of history, art or science.[5]

Example of a monument: Mount Rushmore

## International Year of the Monument

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International Year of the Monument

Observed by| countries
Type| Worldwide
Significance| Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage.
Date| 1964
Related to| Monument, historical, recreation, sculpture, intellectual, protection.

The International Year of the Monument was a commemorative date created by UNESCO in 1964. The implementation of the date was to give a better global coverage in the perception of the monument as a building or historical site of exemplary character, for its significance in the life trajectory of a society/community and its people. There are monuments built especially to celebrate or reminisce about an episode, moment or character of our history, created by architects, sculptors, artists, etc. Others are remnants of the past that survived the time and are consecrated by society as collective symbols, and as references of the memory of a people.[6]

## References

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1. ^ Jungeblodt, Gaia. "18 April – International Day for Monuments and Sites – International Council on Monuments and Sites". www.icomos.org.
2. ^ Chasing World Heritage. "International Day for Monuments and Sites". Chasing World Heritage. Retrieved 8 February 2024.
3. ^ Smirnov, Lucile. "18 April – History – International Council on Monuments and Sites". www.icomos.org. Archived from the original on 12 June 2018. Retrieved 15 May 2018.
4. ^ "18 April 2023 | Heritage Changes". ICOMOS. Retrieved 7 February 2024.
5. ^ Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage. UNESCO. dez/2016.
6. ^ HORTA, M. L. P.; GRUNBERG, E.; MONTEIRO, A. Q. Guia Básico de Educação Patrimonial. Brasília: Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional, Museu Imperial (Ministério da Cultura do Brasil). 1999. ISBN 85-87222-01-5 (in Portuguese)

## External links

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* Official website

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International years proclaimed by the United Nations

* World Refugee (1959-1960)
* Health and Medical Research (1961)
* Co-operation (1965)
* Rice (FAO) (1966)
* Tourist (1967)
* Human Rights (1968)
* Education (1970)
* Action to Combat Racism and Racial Prejudice (1971)
* Book (UNESCO) (1972)
* World Population (1974)
* Women (1975)
* Anti-Apartheid (1978-1979)
* The Child (1979)
* Disabled Persons (1981)
* Mobilization for Sanctions Against South Africa (1982)
* World Communications (1983)
* Youth (1985)
* United Nations (1985)
* Peace (1986)
* Shelter for the Homeless (1987)
* Literacy (1990)
* Space (1992)
* World's Indigenous People (1993)
* Sport and the Olympic Ideal (1994)
* Family (1994)
* Peoples’ Commemoration of the Victims of the Second World War (1995)
* Tolerance (1995)
* Eradication of Poverty (1996)
* Ocean (1998)
* Older Persons (1999)
* Culture of Peace (2000)
* Thanksgiving (2000)
* Mobilization against Racism (2001)
* Volunteers (2001)
* Dialogue among Civilizations (2001)
* Ecotourism (2002)
* Mountains (2002)
* Cultural Heritage (2002)
* Freshwater (2003)
* Kyrgyz Statehood (2003)
* Rice (2004)
* Struggle against Slavery and its Abolition (2004)
* Physics (2005)
* Sport and Physical Education (2005)
* Microcredit (2005)
* Deserts and Desertification (2006)
* Dolphin (UNEP) (2007–2008)
* Polar (2007–2008)
* The Potato (2008)
* Sanitation (2008)
* Languages (2008)
* Planet Earth (2008)
* Gorilla (2009)
* Astronomy (2009)
* Human Rights Learning (2009)
* Natural Fibres (2009)
* Reconciliation (2009)
* Seafarer (2010)
* Biodiversity (2010)
* Rapprochement of Cultures (2010)
* Youth (2010–2011)
* Forests (2011)
* Chemistry (2011)
* People of African Descent (2011)
* Sustainable Energy for All (2012)
* Cooperatives (2012)
* Quinoa (2013)
* Water Cooperation (2013)
* Family Farming (2014)
* Crystallography (2014)
* Small Island Developing States (2014)
* Solidarity with the Palestinian People (2014)
* Soil (2015)
* Light (2015)
* Pulses (2016)
* Sustainable Tourism for Development (2017)
* Periodic Table of Chemical Elements (2019)
* Moderation (2019)
* Indigenous Languages (2019)
* Nurse and the Midwife (2020)
* Plant Health (2020)
* Elimination of Child Labour (2021)
* Fruits and Vegetables (2021)
* Creative Economy for Sustainable Development (2021)
* Peace and Trust (2021)
* Artisanal Fisheries and Aquaculture (2022)
* Glass (2022)
* Basic Sciences for Sustainable Development (2022)
* Sustainable Mountain Development (2022)
* Millets (2023)
* Dialogue as a Guarantee of Peace (2023)
* Camelids (2024)
* Peace and Trust (2025)
* Glaciers' Preservation (2025)
* Cooperatives (2025)
* Quantum Science and Technology (2025)
* Rangelands and Pastoralists (2026)
* Volunteers for Sustainable Development (2026)
* Woman Farmer (2026)
* Sustainable and Resilient Tourism (2027)
* Asteroid Awareness and Planetary Defence (2029)

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