Intravenous cholangiography

Medical imaging procedure

Medical intervention

Intravenous cholangiography

ICD-9-CM| 87.52
OPS-301 code| 3-13c.0

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Intravenous cholangiography is a form of cholangiography that was introduced in 1954.[1]

## Overview

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The intravenous cholangiogram or IVC is a radiologic (x-ray) procedure that is used primarily to look at the larger bile ducts within the liver and the bile ducts outside the liver. The procedure can be used to locate gallstones within these bile ducts. IVC also can be used to identify other causes of obstruction to the flow of bile, for example, narrowings (strictures) of the bile ducts and cancers that may impair the normal flow of bile.

## Procedure

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To do an IVC, an iodine-containing dye (meglumine ioglycamate) is injected intravenously into the blood. The liver then removes the dye from the blood and excretes it into the bile. The iodine is sufficiently concentrated as it is secreted into the bile that it does not need to be further concentrated by the gallbladder to outline the bile ducts and any gallstones that may be there. The gallbladder is not always seen on an IVC, as the iodine-containing bile may bypass the gallbladder entirely and empty directly into the small intestine.

## Risks

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Occasional serious allergic reactions can occur to any iodine-containing dye. These reactions can usually be treated and rarely result in death.

## Indications

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The IVC is not used as much today as it was. Its use always was limited, because it did not work when there was more than a minimal amount of jaundice, and many of the conditions it was used to detect also caused substantial jaundice. The IVC has been largely replaced by other diagnostic procedures—by ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography), endoscopic ultrasound and, increasingly, by MRI cholangiography, none of which are affected by jaundice. It is sometimes used when ERCP is unsuccessful.[2]

## References

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1. ^ Albert L. Baert (13 February 2008). Encyclopedia of Diagnostic Imaging. Springer. pp. 123–. ISBN 978-3-540-35278-5. Retrieved 3 July 2011.
2. ^ Erwin Kuntz; Hans-Dieter Kuntz (2008). Hepatology: textbook and atlas : history, morphology, biochemistry, diagnostics, clinic, therapy. Springer. pp. 191–. ISBN 978-3-540-76838-8. Retrieved 3 July 2011.

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Tests and procedures involving the human digestive system

Digestive system surgery

Digestive tract|

| Upper GI tract|

| SGs / Esophagus|

* Esophagectomy
* Heller myotomy
* Sialography
* Impedance–pH monitoring
* Esophageal pH monitoring
* Esophageal motility study
* Functional Lumen Imaging Probe
* High resolution manometry

|

Stomach|

* Sengstaken–Blakemore tube)
* Nasogastric tube
* Gastric lavage
* Bariatric surgery
* Adjustable gastric band
* Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty
* Gastric bypass surgery
* Sleeve gastrectomy
* Vertical banded gastroplasty surgery
* Collis gastroplasty
* Gastrectomy
* Billroth I
* Billroth II
* Roux-en-Y
* Gastroenterostomy
* Gastropexy
* Gastrostomy
* Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy
* Esophagogastric dissociation
* Hill repair
* Nissen fundoplication
* Pyloromyotomy
* Schilling test

Medical imaging|

* Endoscopy
* Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
* Barium swallow
* Upper gastrointestinal series

Lower GI tract|

| Small bowel|

* Bariatric surgery
* Duodenal switch
* Jejunoileal bypass
* Bowel resection
* Ileostomy
* Intestine transplantation
* Jejunostomy
* Partial ileal bypass surgery
* Strictureplasty

|

Large bowel|

* Appendectomy
* Colectomy
* Colonic polypectomy
* Colostomy
* Hartmann's operation

Rectum|

* Abdominoperineal resection
* Lower anterior resection
* Total mesorectal excision
* Ventral rectopexy

Anal canal|

* Anal sphincterotomy
* Anorectal manometry
* Lateral internal sphincterotomy
* Rubber band ligation
* Transanal hemorrhoidal dearterialization

Medical imaging|

* Endoscopy: Colonoscopy
* Anoscopy
* Capsule endoscopy
* Enteroscopy
* Proctoscopy
* Sigmoidoscopy

* Abdominal ultrasonography
* Defecography
* Double-contrast barium enema
* Endoanal ultrasound
* Enteroclysis
* Lower gastrointestinal series
* Small-bowel follow-through
* Transrectal ultrasonography
* Virtual colonoscopy

Stool tests|

* Fecal fat test
* Fecal pH test
* Stool guaiac test

Accessory|

| Liver|

* Artificial extracorporeal liver support
* Bioartificial liver devices
* Liver dialysis
* Hepatectomy
* Liver biopsy
* Liver transplantation
* Portal hypertension
* Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt [TIPS]
* Distal splenorenal shunt procedure

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Gallbladder, bile duct|

* Cholecystectomy
* Cholecystostomy
* ERCP
* Hepatoportoenterostomy

* Medical imaging: Cholangiography
* IV
* MRCP
* PTC
* Cholecystography
* Cholescintigraphy

Pancreas|

* Frey's procedure
* Pancreas transplantation
* Pancreatectomy
* Pancreaticoduodenectomy
* Puestow procedure

Abdominopelvic|

| Peritoneum|

* Diagnostic peritoneal lavage
* Intraperitoneal injection
* Laparoscopy
* Omentopexy
* Paracentesis
* Peritoneal dialysis

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Hernia|

* Hernia repair
* Inguinal hernia surgery
* Femoral hernia repair

Other|

* Laparotomy
* Exploratory laparotomy
* Rapid urease test / Urea breath test

Clinical prediction rules|

* MELD
* PELD
* UKELD
* Child–Pugh score
* Ranson criteria
* Milan criteria

* v
* t
* e

Medical imaging

X-ray/
radiography|

| 2D|

* Pneumoencephalography
* Dental radiography
* Sialography
* Myelography
* CXR
* Bronchography
* AXR
* KUB
* DXA/DXR
* Upper gastrointestinal series/Small-bowel follow-through/Lower gastrointestinal series
* Cholangiography/Cholecystography
* Mammography
* Pyelogram
* Cystography
* Arthrogram
* Hysterosalpingography
* Skeletal survey
* Angiography
* Angiocardiography
* Aortography
* Venography
* Lymphogram
* Orbital x-ray

CT scan|

| Techniques|

* General operation
* Quantitative
* High-resolution
* X-ray microtomography
* Electron beam
* Cone beam

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Targets|

* Heart
* calcium scan
* angiography
* Abdominal and pelvis
* Virtual colonoscopy
* Angiography
* Coronary
* Pulmonary
* Head
* Thyroid
* Whole body imaging
* Full-body CT scan

Other|

* Fluoroscopy
* Dental panoramic radiography
* X-ray motion analysis
* Hounsfield scale
* Radiodensity

MRI|

* Brain
* functional
* Neurography
* Cardiac
* perfusion
* Angiography
* Cholangiopancreatography (MRCP)
* Breast
* Sequences
* diffusion
* restriction
* Tractography
* Synthetic MRI

Ultrasound|

* Techniques
* doppler
* contrast-enhanced
* 3D
* endoscopic
* duplex
* Echocardiography
* Doppler echocardiography
* TTE
* TEE
* ICE
* Transcranial Doppler
* Intravascular
* Gynecologic
* Obstetric
* Echoencephalography
* Abdominal ultrasonography
* liver tumors
* renal
* renal tract
* Rectal
* Breast
* Scrotal
* Carotid
* Emergency ultrasound
* FAST
* pre-hospital

Radionuclide|

| 2D/scintigraphy|

* Cholescintigraphy
* Scintimammography
* Ventilation/perfusion scan
* Radionuclide ventriculography
* Radionuclide angiography
* Radioisotope renography
* Sestamibi parathyroid scintigraphy
* Radioactive iodine uptake test
* Bone scintigraphy
* Immunoscintigraphy
* Dacryoscintigraphy
* DMSA scan
* Gastric emptying study

Full body|

* Octreotide scan
* Gallium-67 scan
* Ga-68-DOTATOC
* Indium-111 WBC scan

3D/ECT|

| SPECT (gamma ray)|

* Myocardial perfusion imaging

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PET (positron)|

* Brain PET
* Cardiac PET
* PET mammography
* PET-CT
* PET-MRI

Optical/Laser|

* Optical tomography
* Optical coherence tomography
* Confocal microscopy
* Endomicroscopy
* Orthogonal polarization spectral imaging

Thermography|

* Non-contact thermography
* Contact thermography
* Dynamic angiothermography

Target conditions|

* Acute stroke
* Pregnancy

* Category

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