Irish clans

Gaelic kinship groups

James O'Higgins Norman receives a presentation from the Prince of Ó Murchadha (Murphy) Clan at Annual Clans Dinner in the Mansion House Dublin, April 2014. Also in the photograph is Kathryn Simms of Trinity College Dublin.

Irish clans are traditional kinship groups sharing a common surname and heritage and existing in a lineage-based society, originating prior to the 17th century.[1] A clan (or fine in Irish, plural finte) included the chief and his patrilineal relatives;[2] however, Irish clans also included unrelated clients of the chief.[3]

Before the Anglo-Norman invasion of Ireland which took place during the late 12th century, the Irish people were Celts who lived in kinship groups as found recorded in historic manuscripts such as the Irish annals, the Leabhar na nGenealach (the Great Book of Irish Genealogies), the Book of Ballymote, the Great Book of Lecan and Ó Cléirigh Book of Genealogies (the O Clery Book of Genealogies).

## Definition of "clan"

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The Irish word clann is a borrowing from the Latin planta, meaning 'a plant, an offshoot, offspring, a single child or children, by extension race or descendants'.[4] For instance, the O'Daly family were poetically known as Clann Dalaigh, from a remote ancestor called Dalach.[4]

Clann was used in the later Middle Ages to provide a plural for surnames beginning with Mac meaning 'son of'.[4] For example, "Clann Cárthaigh" meant the men of the MacCarthy family and "Clann Suibhne" meant the men of the MacSweeny family.[4] Clann was also used to denote a subgroup within a wider surname, the descendants of a recent common ancestor, such as the Clann Aodha Buidhe or the O'Neills of Clandeboy, whose ancestor was Aodh Buidhe who died in 1298.[4] Such a "clan", if sufficiently closely related, could have common interests in landownership, but any political power wielded by their chief was territorially based.[4]

From ancient times, Irish society was organised around traditional kinship groups or clans. These clans traced their origins to larger pre-surname population groupings or clans such as Uí Briúin in Connacht, Eóganachta and Dál gCais in Munster, Uí Néill in Ulster, and Fir Domnann in Leinster.[5] Within these larger groupings there tended to be one sept (division) who through war and politics became more powerful than others for a period of time and the leaders of some were accorded the status of royalty in Gaelic Ireland. Some of the more important septs to achieve this power were O'Connor in Connacht, MacCarthy of Desmond and O'Brien of Thomond in Munster, Ó Neill of Clandeboy in Ulster, and MacMorrough Kavanagh in Leinster.

The largely symbolic role of High king of Ireland tended to rotate among the leaders of these royal clans.[6] The larger or more important clans were led by a taoiseach or chief who had the status of royalty and the smaller and more dependent clans were led by chieftains. Under brehon law, the leaders of Irish clans were appointed by their kinsmen as custodians of the clan and were responsible for maintaining and protecting their clan and its property. The clan system formed the basis of society up to the 17th century.[7]

## Origins

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### The O'Rahilly doctrine

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According to T. F. O'Rahilly, in his works Goides and Their Predecessors and later Early Irish History, there were a total of four waves of Celtic invasions of the British Isles and that the first three of these were pre-Gaelic.[8][9] According to O'Rahilly, these were people who had largely remained unconquered by the Romans whose territory was mostly restricted to the broad plains of England. A larger part of England remained out of the control of the West Germanic people who invaded after the imperial collapse of Roman Britain and who founded the English nation.[10]

O'Rahilly's version of the origins of the Irish, as supported by C. Thomas Cairney and John Grenham is as follows: The first of the Celtic invaders of Ireland were known as the Cruthin who arrived between 800 and 500 BC.[10]

The second wave of Celts to come to Ireland were known as the Erainn and this is supposedly where the Gaelic name for Ireland, Erin, originated from. These people arrived between 500 and 100 BC. They came from the area which is today known as Belgium and had superior iron weaponry, and thus eventually reduced the Irish Cruthin to tributary status. The third wave of Celtic settlement in Ireland came from Continental Europe during the first century BC and this was probably because of pressure from the Romans on the south of Gaul. These people were known as the Dumnonii and gave their name to Devon in England. Their most powerful branch in Ireland was the Laigin who gave their name to Leinster. A branch of the Irish group of the Dumnonii settled just to the south of Dumbarton in Scotland and were the ancestors of the Strathclyde-Britons.[11]

The fourth and last major Celtic settlements in Ireland took place around 50 BC. This was directly because of Roman attempts to dominate the Gauls of Continental Europe. This included, among others, a group known as the Feni who came to Ireland directly from the Continent and according to tradition landed in south Kerry and the Boyne estuary. The earlier inhabitants of the country fiercely resisted the newcomers who were referred to as the Gaeil because they spoke the Gaelic language. The power and influence of the Gaeils gradually spread over the next three centuries, northwards, from Kerry into Tipperary and Limerick, as well as to the west into Galway and Roscommon.[clarification needed] By the 5th century they were dominant in most of Ireland and had established dynasties and tribal groups. These groups determined the Irish politics and culture until the Norman invasion of Ireland which took place during the late 12th century.[12]

### Modern opinion

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Map of Ireland AD 900, with major kingdoms and principal Viking towns

O'Rahilly's version of history has been questioned by archaeologists and historians who have played down the role of the Cruthin as invaders, including by Ian Adamson.[13] O'Rahilly's history has been entirely unaccepted by some historians including Francis John Byrne.[14] According to Myles Dillon and Nora K. Chadwick, while O'Rahilly's version of history has been accepted by some scholars and dismissed by others, it is an entirely traditional history that he had sourced from Lebor Gabála Érenn which was a historic manuscript written in the 11th century, also known as the Book of the Invasions of Ireland, and not historic facts based on contemporary evidence.[15] J. P. Mallory stated that O'Rahilly has argued that this manuscript showed that the medieval people of Ireland had seen a series of invasions from whom various dynasties and families might have traced their origins to.[16]

According to Mallory, Ireland may have been inhabited by Paleolithic (Old Stone Age) hunters, but that the evidence for this is only a few pieces of flint.[17] The first actual evidence of human residence in Ireland dates to around 8000 BC.[18] Evidence of the first Neolithic farmers in Ireland dates to around 4000 BC.[19] There is little evidence of a warrior elite in Ireland before 1500 BC and evidence for this appears during the Bronze Age where everyone of a wealthy class had weaponry.[20] The Irish language first appeared from between 700/600 BC and 400 AD during the Iron Age.[21] During this time, the Irish people came into contact with Roman traders.[22]

According to the writers of Ulster: An Illustrated History, there is evidence for the Ulaid who are referred to as the Erainn by some genealogists which is also the name given on Ptolemy's map of Ireland which dates from the second century AD for the Iverni who lived in County Cork, as well as being the origin of the name for Ireland. The centre of the Ulaid's land was in the Diocese of Down. The main population group of the Ulaid was the Cruthin whose territory was in the Diocese of Connor and Dromore. There is also evidence for the Loígis in Leinster and the Cíarraige in Munster who also belong to this group and it is possible that their ancestors in Ireland were pre-Celtic.[23] It is also possible to identify from Ptolemy's map the Dál Riata of Antrim who later founded a powerful kingdom in Argyll, Scotland.[24] The 11th century Lebor Gabála Érenn or Book of the Invasions of Ireland, describes a series of failed invasions of Ireland before settlement in the 8th century.[25] However, by the 8th century battles in Ireland were not between the natives and invaders but between tribes and dynasties for control of different parts of the island.[23] Donnchadh Ó Corráin put the evidence for the Irish naitional identity back to the 7th century emphasising the impact that Christianity had on the people there.[26]

In 1002, the Uí Néill lost the high kingship of Ireland to the leader of the Dal gCais or Dalcassians, Brian Boru. It was during the century of declining Uí Néill dominance that surnames first started being used in Ireland. This meant that Ireland was one of the first countries in Europe to start using surnames. Descendants of Niall of the Nine Hostages, who was the ancestor of the Uí Néill dynasty, include people with the surnames O'Boyle, O'Connor and O'Donnell. From the Dal gCais or Dalcassians came the surnames O'Brien and Kennedy.[27]

## Social structure

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Map of Ireland with tribes and petty kingdoms, AD 800

Within the Gaeil there was distinction between the tribes of the south from those of the north, and also from those of the west. The tribes in the south called themselves the Eoghanacht and in about the year 400 AD they established at Cashel a dynasty which held power throughout most of southern Ireland from the 5th to 12th centuries. The Munster families of O'Sullivan, MacCarthy and O'Connell claim descent from the Eoghanacht.[12]

In the midlands of Ireland, the Gaeil tribes were known as Connachta and their name continues in the modern province of Connacht. The most important of the Connacta tribes was the Uí Néill who claimed descent from Niall of the Nine Hostages. Niall's brothers included Ailill, Brion and Fiachra who were founders of the important Connachta tribes of Ui Ailella, Uí Briúin and Uí Fiachrach.[12]

Although the Eoghanacht and Uí Néill were the most powerful tribal groups in Ireland, there were others who were locally powerful including the Oirialla in the north-east where they controlled what is now the counties of Tyrone, Armagh, Fermanagh and Monaghan. There was also the Ulaidh who inhabited what is now the counties of Down and Antrim.[12]

Within these large areas there were up to 150 small divisions known as Túath and the names of many of these are reflected today in the names of the Irish baronies that make up the modern counties. Each Túath had a ruler or petty king who owed allegiance to a more powerful king who was over-king of three or more Túath. This over-king would in turn be subordinate to the king of a province, usually either the Eoghanacht or Uí Néill.[12]

The succession of kings or chiefs was governed by a system known as Tanistry whereby after a chief had died, the new chief would be elected from all paternal cousins descended from a patrilineal grandfather or great-grandfather.[28][29] However, according to Eoin MacNeill, the system known as Tanistry which also took place before the position of king or chief had become vacant is not found in records until the time of feudalism in Ireland which was not until the time of the Normans, and it was preceded by the similar system known as Rigdomna but which took place only after the position of king or chief had become vacant.[29] This theory however, was disputed by Gearóid Mac Niocaill who stated that there is no good evidence to support that the usage of the term Rigdomna in early medieval Ireland was any different to that of tanaise (Tanistry) in late medieval Ireland and that the two terms were synonymous with each other. Although Mac Niocaill did state that MacNeill was correct in identifying a number of cases where Rigdomna was limited to a four generation group in early medieval Ireland but in late medieval Ireland it was almost always the son, brother or nephew of the king.[30]

See also: List of Irish kingdoms and Gaelic nobility of Ireland

## Tribes of the Cruthin

[edit]

As per O'Rahilly's doctrine, the Cruthin were the first Celts to settle in Ireland between about 800 and 500 BC.[31] In line with this, according to Cairney, from them descended the following Irish tribes. Although it is not possible to prove O'Rahilly's history of the four Celtic invasions of Ireland or that the Cruthin were the first of these invasions, or that the following Irish tribes descended from them, according to historian Sean Duffy, the existence of all three of the following Irish tribes in around the 7th century is supported by the literature of the time that came to Ireland with Christianity.[32]

* The Dal nAraide. Irish surnames that came from this tribe include: O'Lynch, MacGenises, and MacCartan. The latter two later became tributaries of the O'Neills.[33]
* The Soghain. Their chief was in later times known as O'Mannin or Mannions and this has sometimes become Manning.[34]
* The Loígis. Irish surnames which came from this tribe include: O'Mores, O'Nolans, O'Dorans, O'Lawlors and O'Dowlings.[34]

## Tribes of the Erainn

[edit]

As per O'Rahilly's doctrine, the Erainn were the second wave of Celts to settle in Ireland between about 500 and 100 BC.[35] In line with this, according to Cairney, from them descended the following Irish tribes. Although it is not possible to prove O'Rahilly's history of the four Celtic invasions of Ireland or that the Erainn were the second of these invasions, or that the following Irish tribes descended from them, according to historian Sean Duffy, with the exception of the Clann Choinleagain, the existence of all of the following Irish tribes in around the 7th century is supported by the literature of the time that came to Ireland with Christianity.[32]

* The Clann Choinleagain (or MacGifoyles). This was an ancient clan located in the territory of the O'Carrols of Ely.[35]
* The Conmaicne Rein. The chiefly families of this tribe were the MacRannalls, O'Cornyns, O'Farrells, O'Moledys and O'Quins.[35]
* The Corca Dhuibhne. The chiefly families of this tribe were the O'Connells and O'Sheas.[36]
* The Corca Laoghdne. The chiefly families of this tribe were the O'Coffey, O'Dinneen, O'Driscoll, O'Flynn, O'Hea, O'Hennessy and O'Leary.[37]
* The Corco Modhruadh. The chiefly families of this tribe were the O'Connors of Corcomroe, MacCurtins, O'Loghlens or O'Loughlins, O'Davorens and the Corca Thine.[38]
* The Dal Cairbre Arad. The chiefly family of this tribe was the O'Dwyers.[39]
* The Dal gCais (Dalcassians). The chiefly families of this tribe were the O'Brien dynasty who were the main chiefs, but also the MacConsidines, MacDonnells, MacLysaghts, MacMahons, O'Ahernes, O'Kennedys, O'Shanahans, O'Duracks, MacGraths, O'Fogartys, O'Galvins, O'Gradys, O'Hanrahans, O'Hickeys, O'Mearas, O'Molonys, O'Moroneys, O'Hartagans, O'Lonergans, Creaghs, O'Quins, MacNamaras, MacInerneys, O'Deas and O'Griffeys.[40]
* The Déisi. Their chief was O'Phelan.[41]
* The Partraige. Their chiefly family was the O'Malleys.[42]
* The Uaithni. Their chiefly family was the O'Heffermans.[42]
* The Uí Bairrche. Their chiefly families were the O'Tracys and MacGormans.[43]
* The Ui Fidgenti. Their chiefly families were the O'Cullanes, O'Kinneallys, O'Donovans and MacEnerys.[44]
* The Ulaid. Their chiefly family was the MacDonlevys.[45]

## Tribes of the Dumnonii or Laigin

[edit]

As per O'Rahilly's doctrine, the Dumnonii or Laigin were the third wave of Celts to settle in Ireland during the first century BC.[46] In line with this, according to Cairney, from them descended the following Irish tribes. Although it is not possible to prove O'Rahilly's history of the four Celtic invasions of Ireland or that the Dumnonii or Laigin were the third of these invasions, or that the following Irish tribes descended from them, according to historian Sean Duffy, with the exception of the Ciarraighe Loch na nAirne and the Feara Cualann, the existence of all of the following Irish tribes in around the 7th century is supported by the literature of the time that came to Ireland with Christianity.[32]

* The Cianacht. Their chiefly families were the O'Connors of Keenaght and the "race of Luighne" or "Lugh" which in turn included the chiefly families of O'Hara and O'Gara.[46]
* The Dealbhna Eathra and Delbhna Nuadat. Their chiefly families were the O'Hanlys,[46] MaCoghlans and O'Conrahys.[47]
* The Saithne. Their chiefly family was the O'Caseys.[47]
* The Ciarraighe Loch na nAirne. Their chiefly family was the O'Kierans.[48]
* The Ciarraighe Luachra. Their chiefly family was the O'Connors of Kerry.[48]
* The Eile. Their chiefly families were the O'Carrols of Ely, O'Mahers, O'Riordans, and O'Flanagans.[48]
* The Ui Failghe. Their chiefly families were the O'Connors of Offaly,[49] O'Mooneys, MacColgans, O'Hennesseys, O'Holohans, O'Dempseys, and O'Dunnes.[50]
* The Feara Cualann. Their chiefly families were the O'Cullens and O'Mulryans.[50]
* The Ui Ceinnsealaigh. Their chiefly families were the Kavanaghs, Kinsellas, O'Murphys, and O'Morchoes.[51][52]
* The Uí Dúnlainge. Their chiefly families were the O'Byrnes and O'Tooles.[51][53]
* The Ui Maine. Their chiefs were the O'Kellys but also included the O'Fahys, O'Horans, O'Sheehans, O'Donnellans, O'Maddens, O'Concannons, O'Mullens, O'Malleys, O'Naghtens,[54] and O'Houlihans.[55]
* The Oirghialla (Airgíalla or Oriel). Their chiefly families were the MacBradys, O'Boylans, O'Flanagans, O'Mulroonys or Moroneys, Maguires, MacKerans, MacAuleys, O'Cassidys, O'Corrigans, MacManuses, MacMahons, MacCanns, O'Hanraghtys, O'Hanlons, O'Lynns, MacEvoys, MacDonalds, MacDonells, MacAlisters, MacIans, MacSheeys, MacIntyres, MacDougals, and Conns.[56][A]

## Tribes of the Gaels or Gaeils

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As per O'Rahilly's doctrine, the Gaels or Gaeils were the fourth and final wave of Celtic settlement in Ireland which took place during the first century BC.[60] In line with this, according to Cairney, from them descended the following Irish tribes. Although it is not possible to prove O'Rahilly's history of the four Celtic invasions of Ireland or that the Gaels or Gaeils were the fourth of these invasions, or that the following Irish tribes descended from them, according to historian Sean Duffy, with the exception of the Clann Cholmáin, Cineal Laoghaire and the Muintear Tadhagain, the existence of all of the following Irish tribes in around the 7th century is supported by the literature of the time that came to Ireland with Christianity.[32]

### The North Gaels

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* The Connachta.[60]
* The Uí Briúin. Their chiefly family was in Gaelic the Síol Muireadaigh which anglicized is Silmurray and which included a number of important families including the O'Connors (O Connor Donn and O'Connor Sligo), the O'Malones, the O'Mulconrys, MacShanlys, MacGoverns, MacClancys, O'Rourkes, O'Reillys, O'Beirnes, O'Sheridans, O'Carrys, O'Flanagans, O'Crowleys, MacDermots, MacDonaghs, O'Mulvihills, MacGeraghtys, and O'Flahertys.[61][B]
* The Uí Fiachrach.[60]
* The Uí Fiachrach Muaidhe (northern). Their main chiefs were the O'Dowds,[63] but other chiefly families included the O'Finnegans, O'Keeves, O'Bolans, O'Kearneys, and O'Quigleys.[60]
* The Uí Fiachrach Aidhne (southern). Their main chiefs were the O'Shaughnessys,[64] but other chiefly families were the O'Heynes, O'Heyne, or Hynes,[65] O'Clerys,[64] O'Donnells, O'Houlihans which in some places became Holland and Nolan, and also the O'Scanlans.[60]
* The Uí Néill.[66]
* Northern Uí Néill.[66]
* Cineál Eoghain.[66] The chiefly family was the O'Neill dynasty,[67] but also included the MacLoughlins, O'Branigans, O'Rahillys of Kerry, MacMartins of Tyrone, O'Cahans,[C] MacLachlans, Lamonts, MacSorleys, MacNeills, MacEwens, MacQueens, MacSweens,[D] MacSweeneys of Ireland, O'Creans, Creans, Crehans, Creghans, O'Donnellys, O'Hegartys, O'Gormleys, O'Hagans, and O'Beolans.[E][66]
* Cineal Chonaill. Their main chiefs were the O'Donnell dynasty of Tyrconnell (Tír Chonaill), but also included the O'Canannains or O'Canons, O'Muldonys, O'Mulderrys, O'Friels, O'Boyles, O'Cullinans, and O'Dohertys.[66]
* Cineal Cairbre. Their main chiefs were the O'Brolans.[66]
* Southern Uí Néill.[66]
* Clann Cholmáin. Their main chiefs were the O'Melaghlins who were later known as the MacLoughlins of Meath.[66]
* Cineal Fiachach. Their main chiefs were the MacGeoghegans or O'Molloys.[66]
* Cineal Laoghaire. Their main chiefs were the O'Quinlans.[66]
* Fir Teathbha. Their main chiefs were the O'Caharneys, O'Dallys, MacAwleys, MacCarons, O'Brennas, and O'Shiels.[66]
* Muintear Tadhagain. Their chiefs were the O'Caharneys and O'Kearnys or Foxes.[66]
* The Four Tribes of Tara: O'Harts, O'Regans, Mackennas, O'Higgins.[66]

### The South Gaels

[edit]

* The Eoghanacht. The chiefly family was the MacCarthy dynasty, but other families included the O'Meehans, O'Keeffes, O'Sullivans and McGillycuddys.[70]
* The Ui Eachach Mumhan. Their main chiefs were the O'Callaghans, O'Donoghues, and O'Mahonys.[70]

## Vikings and Normans in Ireland

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Ireland c. 1100 before the Norman invasion showing dynasties and tribes

Vikings and Normans are Ethnically linked in ancestry from the 9th to 11th centuries and who raided and settled in Britain and Ireland. In Ireland the Vikings became completely Gaelicized and established the first towns. The Normans invaded and conquered England in 1066 and later had similar success invading Ireland in the late 12th century. The Normans were the first people to introduce the mounted knight. In Ireland they were influenced just as much as they themselves influenced and have been described as having become "more Irish than the Irish".[71]

### Viking families in Ireland

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The following three Irish families are believed to be of Viking descent: the Clan Fearghaill whose chiefs were the O'Hallorans, the MacCotters, and the O'Doyles.[71][F]

### Norman families in Ireland

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The following surnames found in Ireland are believed to be of Norman origin and to have arrived following the Norman invasion of Ireland: Barry, Branne, Burke, Butler, Condon, Cusak, Dalton, Darcy, de Covcy, Dillon, Fagun, Fitzgerald, MacGibbon, French, Hackett, Jordan, Keating, Lacy, Lynch, MacCostello, Martin, Nugent, Power, Purcell, Rothes, Sarsfield, Wall.[72]

The following surnames are believed to have come to Ireland with the Norman invasion but are believed to have been of Flemish origin: Tobin, Flemming, Prendergast.[72]

The following surnames are believed to have come to Ireland with the Norman invasion but are believed to have been of Welsh origin: Roche, Blake, Joyce, MacQuillan, Rice, Taffe, Walsh, Savage.[72]

## End of the clan system

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Ireland c. 1500 at the beginning of the Tudor period

In the 16th century, English common law was introduced throughout Ireland, along with a centralised royal administration in which the county and the sheriff replaced the "country" and the clan chief.[73]

When the Kingdom of Ireland was created in 1541, the Dublin administration wanted to involve the Gaelic chiefs into the new entity, creating new titles for them such as the Baron Upper Ossory, Earl of Tyrone, and Baron Inchiquin. In the process, they were granted new coats of arms from 1552. The associated policy of surrender and regrant involved a change to succession to a title by the European system of primogeniture, and not by the Irish tanistry, where a group of male cousins of a chief were eligible to succeed by election.

The early 17th century was a watershed in Ireland. It marked the destruction of Ireland's ancient Gaelic aristocracy following the Tudor re-conquest and cleared the way for the Plantation of Ulster.[74] In 1607 the senior Gaelic chiefs of Ulster left Ireland to recruit support in Spain but failed, and instead eventually arrived in Rome where they remained for the rest of their lives (see Flight of the Earls). After this point, the English authorities in Dublin established real control over all of Ireland for the first time, bringing a centralised government to the entire island, and successfully disarmed the native clans and their lordships.[75]

## Later developments and "revival"

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Main articles: List of Irish clans, Clans of Ireland, and Standing Council of Irish Chiefs and Chieftains

President of Ireland, Michael D. Higgins, centre, receives the Order of Clans of Ireland from Michael J. Egan, right, Cathoirleach of Clans of Ireland

A number of modern Irish clan societies were former or reformed in the latter half of the 20th century.[citation needed] Today, such groups are organised in Ireland and in many other parts of the world.[citation needed] Several independent Irish clans have sprung up with international affiliation and membership from across the global Irish diaspora for the purposes of helping others with preserving history, culture, and the pursuit of genealogy.[citation needed] In 1989, the private organisation Clans of Ireland was formed under the leadership of Rory O'Connor, "Chieftain" of the "O'Connor Kerry Clan", with the purpose of creating and maintaining a register of clans.[citation needed]

## See also

[edit]

* List of Irish clans in Ulster
* Scottish clan
* List of Scottish clans
* List of ancient Celtic peoples and tribes
* Celtic peoples

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ Although manuscript genealogies, including the Book of Ballymote and Great Book of Lecan, show that the Scottish clans of MacDonald, MacAlister and MacDougall were paternally descended from Colla Uais who was one of The Three Collas who founded Oirghialla (Airgíalla) in Ireland,[57][58] a Y-DNA study has shown that they might have been paternally descended from Norsemen.[59]
2. ^ The medieval genealogies, including Leabhar na nGenealach ("Book of Genealogies") and the Annals of the Four Masters, record three main branches of the Uí Briúin: the Uí Briúin Bréifne, the Uí Briúin Seóla, and the Uí Briúin Aí. A Y-DNA study of men with the surnames believed to have sprung from these branches suggests that the medieval genealogies are mostly accurate in regards to the genealogies of the Uí Briúin Bréifne and the Uí Briúin Seóla, and the surnames that came from them, but that there were notable inconsistencies with the medieval genealogies of the Uí Briúin Aí and the Y-DNA, and the surnames which are alleged to have sprung from it, although some parts of the Uí Briúin Aí medieval genealogies have shown to be consistent with the Y-DNA.[62]
3. ^ The chiefs of the Scottish clan of Munro or Monro are traditionally descended from the O'Cahans of the Cineál Eoghain in Ireland.[66] However, a Y-DNA study has shown that the Munro chiefs were paternally distantly related to the O'Driscolls of Cork.[68] Another Y-DNA study has shown that people with the surnames associated with the O'Cahains or O'Cathains of Ulster, some concentrated in County Londonderry and Dungiven where the clan was centred, match with the historical records as descendants of the O'Cathains of Ulster.[69]
4. ^ The MacLachlans, Lamonts, MacSorleys, MacNeills, MacEwens, MacQueens, MacSweens are all Scottish clans who are believed to be descended from the Cineál Eoghain in Ireland.[66]
5. ^ The chiefs of the Scottish clan of Ross are believed to be descended from the O'Beolans of the Cineál Eoghain in Ireland.[66]
6. ^ The chiefs of the Scottish clans of Gunn, MacLeod, MacCorquodale, and Ruthven are also believed to be descended from Viking settlers.[71]

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Nicholls (2003). pp. 8–11
2. ^ Aitchison, N. B. (1994). "Kingship, Society, and Sacrality: Rank, Power, and Ideology in Early Medieval Ireland". Traditio. 49: 46. doi:10.1017/S036215290001299X.
3. ^ Bhreathnach (2014). p. 79
4. ^ a b c d e f Connolly (2007). pp. 101–102
5. ^ Ó Muraíle, (2003).
6. ^ Curley, (2004).
7. ^ Duggan (2013). p. 116
8. ^ Brady, Ciaran; O'Dowd, Mary; Walter, Brian (1989). pp. 22 and 26
9. ^ Dillon, Myles; Chadwick, Nora (2000). p. 5
10. ^ a b Cairney (1989). p. 17
11. ^ Cairney (1989). p. 18
12. ^ a b c d e Grenham, John (1993). pp. 18-19
13. ^ Brady, Ciaran; O'Dowd, Mary; Walter, Brian (1989). pp. 22 and 26. Quoting: Adamson, Ian (1974). Cruthin: The Ancient Kindred. Newtownards. p. 12
14. ^ Brady, Ciaran; O'Dowd, Mary; Walter, Brian (1989). p. 22. Quoting: Byrne. F. J. (1965). The Ireland of Saint Columba. Historical Studies, 5, p. 38
15. ^ Dillon, Myles; Chadwick, Nora (2000). pp. 5-6
16. ^ Mallory, J. P. (2017). p. 206
17. ^ Mallory, J. P. (2017). p. 37
18. ^ Mallory, J. P. (2017). p. 40
19. ^ Mallory, J. P. (2017). p. 72
20. ^ Mallory, J. P. (2017). p. 129
21. ^ Mallory, J. P. (2017). p. 157
22. ^ Mallory, J. P. (2017). p. 158
23. ^ a b Brady, Ciaran; O'Dowd, Mary; Walter, Brian (1989). p. 27
24. ^ Duffy (2011). pp. 14-15
25. ^ Mallory, J. P. (2017). p. 201
26. ^ Mallory, J. P. (2017). p. 291
27. ^ Mallory, J. P. (2017). p. 215
28. ^ Fisher, Joseph (1877). The History of Land Holding in Ireland. London: Longmans Green. pp. 11-16. Retrieved 3 October 2023.
29. ^ a b MacNeill, Eoin (September 1919). "The Irish Law of Dynastic Succession". An Irish Quarterly Review. 8 (31): 367–382. JSTOR 30092775.
30. ^ Mac Niocaill, Gearóid (1968). "The 'Heir Designate' In Early Medieval Ireland". Irish Jurist. 3 (2): 326–329. JSTOR 44025906.
31. ^ Cairney (1989). p. 51
32. ^ a b c d Duffy (2011). pp. 14, 15, 18, 19: "This material, the most comprehensive to survive in any country of Dark Age Europe, enables us to reconstruct the political map of Ireland even at this early period".
33. ^ Cairney (1989). p. 53
34. ^ a b Cairney (1989). p. 54
35. ^ a b c Cairney (1989). p. 61
36. ^ Cairney (1989). p. 63
37. ^ Cairney (1989). pp. 63-64
38. ^ Cairney (1989). pp. 64-65
39. ^ Cairney (1989). p. 65
40. ^ Cairney (1989). pp. 65-69
41. ^ Cairney (1989). pp. 69-70
42. ^ a b Cairney (1989). p. 70
43. ^ Cairney (1989). pp. 70-71
44. ^ Cairney (1989). p. 71
45. ^ Cairney (1989). pp. 71-72
46. ^ a b c Cairney (1989). pp. 78-79
47. ^ a b Cairney (1989). pp. 80-81
48. ^ a b c Cairney (1989). pp. 81-82
49. ^ O'Hart, John (1892). pp. 840-843
50. ^ a b Cairney (1989). pp. 82-83
51. ^ a b Cairney (1989). pp. 84-85
52. ^ O'Hart, John (1892). pp. 692-707
53. ^ O'Hart, John (1892). pp. 760-765
54. ^ Cairney (1989). pp. 85-87
55. ^ O'Hart, John (1892). pp. 487-488
56. ^ Cairney (1989). pp. 87-88
57. ^ Sellar, W.D.H. (October 1966). "The Origins and Ancestry of Somerled". The Scottish Historical Review. 45 (140): 123–142. JSTOR 25528658.
58. ^ Moncreiffe, Iain (1982). The Highland Clans. New York: Clarkson N. Potter. pp. 127–131. ISBN 0517546590.
59. ^ "DNA shows Celtic hero Somerled's Viking roots". The Scotsman. 26 April 2005. Retrieved 3 October 2023.
60. ^ a b c d e Cairney (1989). pp. 93-97
61. ^ Cairney (1989). pp. 97-101
62. ^ "Y-DNA Sheds New Light on the Medieval Genealogies of the Uí Briúin Dynasty of Northwest Ireland, Part 2". familytreedna.com. 18 June 2024. Retrieved 18 June 2024.
63. ^ O'Hart, John (1692). pp. 650-651
64. ^ a b O'Hart, John (1692). pp. 632-633
65. ^ O'Hart, John (1692). p. 491
66. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Cairney (1989). pp. 101-121
67. ^ O'Hart, John (1892). pp. 708-740
68. ^ Munro, Colin (December 2015). "The Deep Ancestry of the Munros" (PDF). Newsletter of the Clan Munro (Association) Australia. Vol. 13, no. 3\. Australia: Clan Munro (Association) Australia. pp. 4–5. Retrieved 8 October 2023.
69. ^ Kane, Edward; O'Neill, Dwayne (2020). "Haplogroup S595 -DNA links the O'Cathains of Ulster: Using Lineages, Surnames and DNA as Supporting Evidence". Academia.edu. Retrieved 6 July 2024.
70. ^ a b Cairney (1989). pp. 121-126
71. ^ a b c Cairney (1989). pp. 127-129
72. ^ a b c Cairney (1989). pp. 131-154
73. ^ Connolly (2007). p. 182
74. ^ Curley, (2004)
75. ^ Duggan (2013). pp. 122–124

## Bibliography

[edit]

* Bhreathnach, Edel (2014). Ireland in the medieval world, AD 400–1000: Landscape, kingship and religion. Four Courts Press. ISBN 978-1846823428.
* Brady, Ciaran; O'Dowd, Mary; Walter, Brian, eds. (1989). Ulster: An Illustrated History. 4 Fitzhardinge Street, London: B. T. Batsford. ISBN 0713462396.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: location (link)
* Cairney, C. Thomas (1989). Clans and Families of Ireland and Scotland. Jefferson, North Carolina, United States, and London: McFarland & Company. ISBN 0899503624.
* Connolly, S. J., ed. (2007). Oxford Companion to Irish History. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-923483-7.
* Curley, W. J. P. (2004). Vanishing Kingdoms: The Irish Chiefs and their Families. Dublin: Lilliput Press.
* Dillon, Myles; Chadwick, Nora (2000). The Celtic Realms. 5 Upper St Martin's Lane, London: Phoenix Press. ISBN 1842120212.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: location (link)
* Duffy, Sean, ed. (2011). Atlas of Irish History (3rd ed.). Dublin: Gill and Macmillan Publishers. ISBN 9780717148905.
* Duggan, Catherine (2013). "14: End of the Brehon Era". The Lost Laws of Ireland. 13 Upper Baggot Street, Dublin: Glasnevin Publishing. ISBN 9781908689214.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: location (link)
* Grenham, John (1993). Clans and Families of Ireland: The Heritage and Heraldry of Irish Clans and Families. Gill and Macmillan Publishers. ISBN 0717120325.
* Mac Fhirbhisigh, Dubhaltach (2004) [Written from original manuscript Leabhar na nGenealach which was written 1649-1650]. Ó Muraíle, Nollaig (ed.). The Great Book of Irish Genealogies. Dublin: De Burca Books. ISBN 0946130361.
* Mallory, J. P. (2017). The Origins of The Irish. 181A High Holborn, London: Thames & Hudson. ISBN 9780500293300.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: location (link)
* Nicholls, K (2003). Gaelic and Gaelicized Ireland in the Middle Ages (2nd ed.). Dublin: Lilliput Press.
* Ó Cléirigh, Mícheál; Ó Cléirigh, Cú Choigcríche; Ó Maol Chonaire, Fearfeasa; Ó Duibhgeannáin, Cú Choigríche (1856) [Written from original manuscript Annals of the Four Masters that was written 1616-1636]. O'Donovan, John (ed.). Annala Rioghachta Eireann: Annals of the Kingdom of Ireland, by the Four Masters, from the earliest period to the year 1616. Vol. 1–7. Dublin: Royal Irish Academy.
* Ó Cléirigh, Cú Choigcríche (1951) [Written from original manuscript Ó Cléirigh Book of Genealogies which was written in the mid-seventeenth century]. Pender, Seamus (ed.). The O Clery Book of Genealogies. Dublin: Stationery Office.
* O'Duignan, Manus (1887) [Written from original manuscript that was written 1390-1391]. Atkinson, Robert (ed.). The Book of Ballymote. Dublin: Royal Irish Academy. ISBN 0-404-17535-X.
* O'Hart, John (1892). Irish Pedigrees; or, The Origin and Stem of The Irish Nation. Vol. 1 (5th ed.). 14 and 15 Wellington Quay, Dublin; 28 Orchard Street, London; 14 Great Clyde Street, Glasgow; 36 & 38 Barclay Street, New York City: James Duffy, Burns & Oates, Hugh Margey, Benziger Brothers.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: location (link)

## External links

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Connachta

Kindreds
and septs|

| Connachta|

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|

Uí Fiachrach|

* MacClellan
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* O'Towey
* O'Gaughan

Northern
Uí Néill|

| Cenél
Conaill|

* O'Donnell
* O'Doherty
* O'Boyle
* O'Gallagher
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|

Cenél
nEógain|

* O'Neill
* MacLoughlin
* MacNeil
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* O'Donnelly
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Southern
Uí Néill|

| Clann Cholmáin and
Síl nÁedo Sláine|

* O'Melaghlin
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* MacGeoghegan
* O'Higgin
* MacCary
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|

Clan Colla|

* MacCann
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* O'Mulrooney
* O'Monaghan
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* O'Hanratty
* O'Hanlon
* O'Rogan
* O'Garvey

Uí Mháine|

* O'Kelly
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* O'Houlihan
* O'Madden
* O'Downey
* O'Cleary
* O'Concannon
* O'Duigenan
* O'Naughton
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Personalities|

* Óengus Tuirmech Temrach
* Énna Aignech
* Eochu Feidlech
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* Medb
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* Clothru
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* Eochaid Mugmedon
* Niall of the Nine Hostages
* Columba of Iona
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Literature|

* Finn and Gráinne
* The Pursuit of Diarmuid and Gráinne
* An sluagh sidhe so i nEamhuin?

Places|

* Rathcroghan
* Hill of Tara
* Donegal Castle
* Mongavlin Castle
* Tullyhogue Fort
* Clonalis House

Battles|

* Creadran Cille
* Knockavoe
* Glentaisie
* Kinsale

Related
articles|

* Gaels
* Pre-Norman invasion Irish Celtic kinship groups
* Milesians
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* O'Neill's Regiment

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Eóganachta

Kindreds
and septs|

| Eóganacht Chaisil|

* MacCarthy Mor dynasty
* MacCarthy Mór
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* MacCarthy Reagh
* MacCarthy Muskerry
* MacAuliffe
* O'Sullivan Mór
* O'Sullivan Beare
* MacGillycuddy
* O'Callaghan
* O'Dennehy
* O'Donoghue

|

Eóganacht Glendamnach|

* O'Keeffe

Eóganacht Locha Léin|

* O'Cahill
* O'Flynn
* O'Moriarity
* MacAngus
* O'Carroll
* O'Scannell

Eóganacht Raithlind|

* O'Mahony
* O'Donoghue
* O'Long
* O'Duggan
* O'Feehin
* O'Leary
* O'Donnell
* O'Connell
* O'Linchy (Lynch)
* O'Hea
* O'Cahalane
* O'Coughlan
* O'Cannifee
* O'Bogue
* O'Cronin
* O'Flynn
* O'Flahiffe
* O'Connelly
* O'Callaghan
* O'Mingane (Mongan)
* O'Neill

Eóganacht Áine|

* O'Irwin
* O'Kirby
* O'Kerwick
* O'Muldoon
* O'Kenealy
* O'Gunning

Related
peoples|

| Corcu Loígde|

* O'Driscoll
* O'Leary
* Coffey
* O'Flynn
* O'Connor
* O'Hennessey
* O'Cronin
* O'Hea
* Dennehy
* O'Dinneen
* Leahy
* Irwin
* O'Donovan
* O'Collins

|

Uí Fidgenti|

* Uí Chairpre (O'Donovan, O'Hea, O'Regan, MacCarthy Reagh)
* Uí Chonaill (O'Collins, O'Connell)
* Ua Laogaire

Uí Liatháin|

* O'Curran
* O'Lehane (Lyons)
* O'Gleeson
* Mac Tíre

Personalities|

* Dego Deirgtine
* Lugaid
* Muinemón
* Nia Segamain
* Mug Nuadat
* Ailill Aulom
* Éogan Mór
* Fiachu Muillethan
* Crimthann mac Fidaig
* Mongfind
* Corc mac Luigdech
* Aimend
* Óengus Bolg
* Óengus mac Nad Froích
* Coirpre Cromm mac Crimthainn
* Fíngen mac Áedo Duib
* Mór Muman
* Faílbe Flann mac Áedo Duib
* Cathal mac Finguine
* Óengus mac Fergusso
* Fedelmid mac Crimthainn
* Ólchobar mac Cináeda
* Cormac mac Cuilennáin
* Máel Muad mac Brain
* Cormac Mac Cárthaigh
* Finghin Mac Cárthaigh

Places|

* Knockainy
* Ardmore
* Rock of Cashel
* Garranes Ringfort
* Lough Leane
* Bat's Castle
* Kingdom of Desmond
* Carbery
* Blarney Castle
* Ross Castle
* Beara

Battles|

* Mag Mucrama
* Carn Feradaig
* Callann
* Dunboy

Related
articles|

* Gaels
* Pre-Norman invasion Irish Celtic kinship groups
* Milesians
* Eberians
* Deirgtine
* Cycles of the Kings
* Áine
* Corca Oíche
* Mug Ruith
* Clíodhna
* Leath Mogha
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* Book of Munster
* Éoganacht Airthir Cliach
* Eóganacht Ninussa
* List of Kings of Munster
* List of Kings of the Picts
* List of monarchs of Desmond
* Kingdom of Desmond
* Ciannachta
* Dalcassians
* Cenél Cerdraige
* Sanas Cormaic
* Munster Irish
* Munster
* List of kings of Munster
* Gaelic nobility of Ireland

* Category

* v
* t
* e

Érainn

Kindreds
and septs|

| Dál Riata|

* MacAlpin
* MacGregor
* MacDuff
* Mackintosh
* MacLaren
* Macfie
* Macnab
* MacAulay
* MacAdam
* Mackinnon
* MacQuarrie
* Paterson

|

Múscraige|

* O'Donegan
* O'Furey
* O'Hea
* O'Mulvany
* O'Dowling
* O'Cullinane
* O'Flynn
* O'Quirke

Corcu Duibne|

* O'Falvey
* O'Shea
* O'Connell

Corcu Baiscind|

* O'Baskin
* MacDermot
* O'Donnell

Dál Fiatach|

* MacDonlevy
* MacNulty
* MacLea
* O'Haughey

Corcu Loígde|

* O'Coffey
* O'Downey
* O'Driscoll
* O'Fealy
* O'Flynn
* O'Hennessy
* O'Leahy
* O'Leary
* O'Twomey
* O'Longan
* O'Doheny
* O'Doughan
* O'Dunlea
* O'Hea
* O'Dinneen
* O'Feely
* O'Cronin
* O'Baire
* O'Henegan
* O'Kevane

Clann Conla|

* MacGilpatrick (Fitzpatrick)
* O'Delany
* O'Horahan
* O'Brody
* O'Kealy
* O'Phelan
* O'Brophy
* O'Coveney
* O'Gloherny
* O'Dunphy
* O'Carroll
* O'Brennan
* O'Queally
* MacBreen
* O'Broder
* O'Dea

Conaille Muirtheimne|

* O'Connolly

Personalities|

* Óengus Tuirmech Temrach
* Ailill Érann
* Deda mac Sin
* Íar mac Dedad
* Conganchnes mac Dedad
* Dáire mac Dedad (Dáire Doimthech)
* Cú Roí
* Eterscél Mór
* Conaire Mór
* Lugaid mac Con Roí
* Conaire Cóem
* Fergus Mór mac Eirc
* Gabrán mac Domangairt
* Loarn mac Eirc
* Comgall mac Domangairt
* Muiredach Muinderg
* Eochaid mac Muiredaig Muinderg
* Báetán mac Cairill
* Cináed mac Ailpín
* Niall mac Eochada

Literature|

* Togail Bruidne Dá Derga
* Fled Bricrenn
* Mesca Ulad
* Táin Bó Cúailnge

Places|

* Caherconree
* Hill of Tara
* Dundalk

Related
articles|

* Gaels
* Pre-Norman invasion Irish Celtic kinship groups
* Milesians
* Heremonians
* Iverni
* Dáirine
* Darini
* Ulster Cycle
* Síl Conairi
* List of kings of Dál Riata
* Origins of the Kingdom of Alba
* Siol Alpin
* Chattan Confederation
* Osraige
* Munster
* List of kings of Munster
* Munster Irish
* Scottish Gaelic
* Ulaid
* List of kings of Ulster
* Gaelic nobility of Ireland

* Category

* v
* t
* e

Laigin

Kindreds
and septs|

| Dál Niad Cuirp|

| Uí Máil|

* O'Tighe
* O'Kelly

|

Uí Dúnlainge|

* Fitzdermot
* O'Toole
* O'Byrne
* O'Cosgrave

Uí Cheinnselaig|

* MacMurrough Kavanagh
* Kinsella
* Kehoe
* O'Finneran
* O'Murphy
* O'Garvey
* O'Hartley
* O'Ryan
* Morrow

Uí Failghe|

* O'Connor Faly
* O'Dunne
* O'Dempsey
* Kavanagh
* Branagh
* MacGilpatrick (Fitzpatrick)
* O'Dwyer
* O'Holohan
* O'Hennessy

Uí Bairrche|

* MacGorman
* Kearney
* Tracy
* Hughes
* Mooney
* Carney

Uí Enechglaiss|

* O'Feary

Uí Crimthainn Áin|

* O'Duff

Dál Cairpre Arad|

* O'Kealy

Dál Messin Corb|

* O'Farrell

Personalities|

* Úgaine Mór
* Lóegaire Lorc
* Labhraidh Loingseach
* Óengus Ollom
* Fergus Fortamail
* Crimthann Coscrach
* Nuadu Necht
* Cumhall
* Fionn mac Cumhaill
* Oisín
* Oscar
* Conchobar Abradruad
* Cathair Mór
* Énnae Cennsalach
* Crimthann mac Énnai
* Áed mac Colggen
* Augaire mac Ailella
* Máel Mórda mac Murchada
* Diarmait Mac Murchada
* Fiach McHugh O'Byrne
* Art Óg mac Murchadha Caomhánach

Places|

* Naas
* Mullaghmast
* Lyons Hill

Battles|

* Confey
* Glenmama
* Clontarf
* Móin Mhór
* Ros-Mhic-Thriúin
* Glenmalure

Related
articles|

* Gaels
* Pre-Norman invasion Irish Celtic kinship groups
* Milesians
* Heremonians
* Mythological Cycle
* Dindsenchas
* Book of Leinster
* List of Kings of Leinster
* Kingdom of Leinster
* Dál Cormaic
* Gaelic nobility of Ireland
* Follow Me up to Carlow

* v
* t
* e

Ulaid

Kindreds
and septs|

| Dál nAraidi|

| Uí Echach Cobo|

* MacGowan
* Magennis
* McCartan
* Lynch

|

Loígis|

* O'More
* O'Kelly
* O'Deevy
* O'Doran
* O'Lalor
* O'Dowling
* MacEvoy
* O'Bergin
* O'Mulcahy

Soghain|

* O'Manning
* MacWard
* O'Scurry
* O'Lennon
* MacCashin
* Gilly
* MacGing

Conmaicne|

| Conmhaícne Mara|

* O'Kealy
* MacConneely
* O'Devaney
* O'Cloherty
* MacFolan

|

Conmaicne
(South Leitrim)

* MacRannall
* MacDorcy
* O'Mulvey
* Ó Fearghail
* O'Beglin
* Borden
* O'Hallissy
* O'Murry
* O'Curneen
* O'Mulooly
* MacMullock
* O'Doonan
* O'Kearon
* MacCoogan
* MacGaynor
* O'Quinn
* MacShaffrey
* MacConnick
* O'Keegan
* MacLeavy
* MacMorrow
* MacShane
* O'Sullahan

Conmaicne
Cuile Toladh|

* O'Tolleran
* O'Colleran
* O'Moran
* Martin

Conmaicne Mide|

* MacRourke
* O'Breen
* O'Toler

Ciarraige|

* O'Kieran (Kearns)
* O'Conor Kerry
* O'Murtagh
* O'Neide

Corco Mruad|

* O'Conor Corcomroe
* O'Loughlin
* O'Flaherty
* O'Deely
* O'Drennan
* O'Melody
* MacCurtin
* O'Davoren
* Ó Troighthigh

Personalities|

* Cermna Finn
* Sobairce
* Ollom Fotla
* Fínnachta
* Slánoll
* Géde Ollgothach
* Fíachu Findoilches
* Berngal
* Ailill mac Slánuill
* Finn mac Blatha
* Sírlám
* Airgetmar
* Áed Rúad, Díthorba and Cimbáeth
* Macha
* Rudraige mac Sithrigi
* Congal Cláiringnech
* Bresal Bó-Díbad
* Fachtna Fáthach
* Conchobar mac Nessa
* Fergus mac Róich
* Fedelm Noíchrothach
* Deichtine
* Cúscraid
* Cormac Cond Longas
* Findchóem
* Amergin mac Eccit
* Conall Cernach
* Mal mac Rochride
* Tipraiti Tireach
* Fiacha Araidhe
* Cáelbad
* Fiachnae mac Báetáin
* Congal Cáech
* Fergus mac Áedáin
* Máel Bressail mac Ailillo
* Mac Creiche
* Finnian of Clonard

Literature|

* Scéla Conchobair
* Táin Bó Cúailnge
* Compert Con Culainn
* The Tale of Mac Da Thó's Pig
* Mesca Ulad
* Annals of Ulster

Places|

* Navan Fort
* Hill of Tara
* Rosnaree
* County Laois
* Caherballykinvarga

Territories|

* Bairrche
* Cineál Fhaghartaigh
* Conaille Muirtheimne
* Cruthin
* Cobha
* Dál Fiatach
* Dál mBuinne
* Dál nAraidi
* Dál nAraidi in Tuaiscirt
* Dál nAraidi Magh Line
* Dál Riata
* Duibhthrian
* Eilne
* Latharna
* Leath Cathail
* Na hArda
* Semne
* Uí Blathmaic
* Uí Dercco Céin

Related
articles|

* Pre-Norman invasion Irish Celtic kinship groups
* Clanna Rudraige
* Red Branch
* Cú Chulainn
* Uoluntii
* Cruthin
* Ptolemy's Geographia
* Ulster Cycle
* List of kings of Ulster
* Kings of Dál nAraidi
* Guinness family
* Gaels
* Milesians
* Irians
* Gaelic nobility of Ireland

* v
* t
* e

Gaelic Irish genealogy

General|

* Irish clans (list)
* Pre-Norman invasion Irish Celtic kinship groups
* Irish annals
* Irish bardic poetry
* Fili
* Ollamh
* Seanchaí
* Gaelic nobility of Ireland
* Chief of the Name
* Irish heraldry
* Irish diaspora
* Genealogical Society of Ireland
* Genealogical Office
* National Archives of Ireland
* Clans of Ireland
* Standing Council of Irish Chiefs and Chieftains

Works|

* Chronicle of Ireland
* Triallam timcheall na Fodla
* Tuilleadh feasa ar Éirinn óigh
* Leabhar Adhamh Ó Cianáin
* Leabhar Cloinne Maoil Ruanaidh
* Leabhar Ua Maine
* Leabhar na nGenealach
* Ó Cléirigh Book of Genealogies
* An Leabhar Muimhneach
* Annals of the Four Masters
* Griffith's Valuation
* Census of Ireland, 1901
* Census of Ireland, 1911

Genealogists|

* Seán Mór Ó Dubhagáin
* Giolla na Naomh Ó hUidhrín
* Adhamh Ó Cianáin
* Faolán Mac an Ghabhann na Scéal
* Cú Choigcríche Ó Cléirigh
* Dubhaltach Mac Fhirbhisigh
* James Ware
* Geoffrey Keating
* James Terry
* Chevalier O'Gorman
* John O'Hart
* Rev. Patrick Woulfe
* Edward MacLysaght

* Category

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