Iron(II) perchlorate

Names
IUPAC name

Iron(II) diperchlorate

Other names

* Iron diperchlorate
* Ferrous perchlorate

Identifiers

CAS Number

* hydrate: 335159-18-7

3D model (JSmol)

* Interactive image

ChemSpider |

* 146076

ECHA InfoCard | 100.034.263
EC Number |

* 237-704-4

PubChem CID

* 71311361

CompTox Dashboard (EPA)

* DTXSID10890732

InChI

* InChI=1S/2ClHO4.Fe.H2O/c2*2-1(3,4)5;;/h2*(H,2,3,4,5);;1H2/q;;+2;/p-2

Key: BJDJGQJHHCBZJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L

SMILES

* O.[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.[Fe+2]

Properties

Chemical formula

| Fe(ClO4)2
Molar mass | 254.75 g/mol
Appearance  | Green crystals
Density | 2.15 g/cm3
Melting point | 100 °C (212 °F; 373 K)

Solubility in water

| 98 g/100 mL (25 °C)[1]
Structure[2]

Crystal structure

| Orthorhombic

Space group

| Pmn21

Lattice constant

a = 7.79 Å, b = 13.48 Å, c = 5.24 Å

Hazards
GHS labelling:

Pictograms

Signal word

| Danger

Hazard statements

| H272, H315, H319, H335

Precautionary statements

| P210, P220, P221, P261, P264, P271, P280, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P321, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P370+P378, P403+P233, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)  |

Related compounds

Other cations

| Manganese(II) perchlorate
Cobalt(II) perchlorate
Nickel(II) perchlorate

Related compounds

| Iron(III) perchlorate

Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Infobox references

Chemical compound

Iron(II) perchlorate is the inorganic compound with the formula Fe(ClO4)2*6H2O. A green, water-soluble solid, it is produced by the reaction of iron metal with dilute perchloric acid followed by evaporation of the solution:[3]

Fe + 2 HClO4 \+ 6 H2O → Fe(ClO4)2*6H2O + H2

Although the ferrous cation is a reductant and the perchlorate anion is a strong oxidant, in the absence of atmospheric oxygen, dissolved ferrous perchlorate is stable in aqueous solution because the electron transfer between both species Fe2+ and ClO−4 is hindered by severe kinetic limitations. Being a weak Lewis base, the perchlorate anion is a poor ligand for the aqueous Fe2+ and does not contribute to the electron transfer by favoring the formation of an inner sphere complex giving rise to a possible reorganisation of the activated complex. The resulting high activation energy prohibits a thermodynamically spontaneous redox reaction (∆Gr < 0).

However, in aqueous solution, and under air, iron(II) perchlorate slowly oxidizes to iron(III) oxyhydroxide.[4]

The hexahydrate consists of discrete hexa-aquo-iron(II) divalent cations and perchlorate anions. It crystallizes with an orthorhombic structure.[2] It has minor phase transitions at 245 and 336 K.[5]

## Uses

[edit]

In organic chemistry, iron(II) perchlorate can be used as a source of ferrous ions for the Fenton oxidation.[1]

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b Mark W. Zettler; Daniela Sustac Roman (2014). "Iron(II) Perchlorate". Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis. doi:10.1002/047084289X.ri064.pub2.
2. ^ a b Ghosh, Minakshi; Ray, Siddhartha (1981). "Twinning, disorder and phase transition in ferrous Perchlorate hexahydrate crystals". Zeitschrift für Kristallographie – Crystalline Materials. 155 (1–2): 129–137\. Bibcode:1981ZK....155..129G. doi:10.1524/zkri.1981.155.1-2.129.1–2&rft.pages=129-137&rft.date=1981&rft_id=info:doi/10.1524/zkri.1981.155.1-2.129&rft_id=info:bibcode/1981ZK....155..129G&rft.aulast=Ghosh&rft.aufirst=Minakshi&rft.au=Ray,+Siddhartha&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Iron(II)+perchlorate" class="Z3988">
3. ^ B.K. Chaudhuri (1975). "A new type of phase transition in M(ClO4)2(H2O)6 M = Fe, Co, Ni and Mn". Solid State Communications. 16 (6): 767–772\. doi:10.1016/0038-1098(75)90071-X.
4. ^ Philip George (1954). "The oxidation of ferrous perchlorate by molecular oxygen". Journal of the Chemical Society (Resumed): 4349–4359\. doi:10.1039/JR9540004349.
5. ^ D. P. Chiang; C. H. Peng; J. K. Mei; I. M. Jiang; S. C. Lin; Y. C. Chen; H. T. Liu; Y. F. Chen; W. S. Tse (2008). "Raman spectra of crystalline iron perchlorate hexahydrate". Journal of Raman Spectroscopy. 39 (3): 344–348\. doi:10.1002/jrs.1801.

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Iron compounds

Fe(−II)|

* H2Fe(CO)4
* Na2Fe(CO)4

Fe(0)|

* Fe(CO)5
* Fe2(CO)9
* Fe3(CO)12
* Fe(CO)3CH3COC2H2C6H6

Fe(I)|

* FeH

| Organoiron(I) compounds|

* (C5H5FeCO)2(CO)2

|

Fe(0,II)|

* Fe3C

Fe(II)|

* FeH2
* Mg2FeH6
* FeF2
* FeCl2
* Fe(ClO4)2
* FeBr2
* FeI2
* FeO
* Fe(OH)2
* FeS
* FeSO4
* (NH4)2Fe(SO4)2·6H2O
* FeSe
* FeSeO4
* Fe(NO3)2
* Fe3(PO4)2
* FeSi2
* Fe(BF4)2
* FeCr2O4
* FeMoO4
* FeTiO3
* FeCO3
* FeC2O4
* Fe(C2H3O2)2
* Fe(C3H5O3)2
* FeC6H6O7
* FeC12H22O14
* FeI2(CO)4
* K4Fe(CN)6
* Na3Fe(C2O4)3 / K2Fe(C2O4)2

| Organoiron(II) compounds|

* Fe(C5H5)2
* Fe(C5H5)(CO)2I
* Fe(C5H4P(C6H5)2)2
* C4H4Fe(CO)3
* C4H6Fe(CO)3

|

Fe(0,III)|

* FeSi
* FeGe

Fe(II,III)|

* Fe3O4
* Fe3S4
* Prussian blue

Fe(III)|

* FeI3
* FeBr3
* FeCl3
* FeF3
* FeP
* Fe(NO3)3
* Fe(acac)3
* FeOCl
* [(C2H5)4N][O(FeCl3)2]
* FeO(OH)
* FePO4
* Fe4(P2O7)3
* Fe2(CrO4)3
* Fe2(C2O4)3
* Fe2O3
* Fe2(SeO3)3
* Fe2S3
* Fe2(SO4)3
* Fe(N3)3
* NH4Fe(SO4)2·12H2O
* K3Fe(CN)6
* K3Fe(C2O4)3

| Organoiron(III) compounds|

* Fe(C5H5)2BF4
* C6H8O7·xFe3+·yNH3
* C
54H
105FeO

|

Fe(IV)|

* FeF4

Fe(VI)|

* K2FeO4
* BaFeO4

Purported|

* Hemolithin (protein)

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Salts and covalent derivatives of the perchlorate ion

| HClO4 |  |  |  | He

|
|
|
|

LiClO4 | Be(ClO4)2 | B(ClO4)−4
B(ClO4)3 | ROClO3 | N(ClO4)3
NH4ClO4
NOClO4
NO2ClO4 | H3OClO4 | FClO4 | Ne
NaClO4 | Mg(ClO4)2 | Al(ClO4)3
Al(ClO4)−4
Al(ClO4)2−5
Al(ClO4)3−6 | Si  | P  | S  | ClO−4
ClOClO3
Cl2O7 | Ar
KClO4 | Ca(ClO4)2 |  | Sc(ClO4)3 | Ti(ClO4)4 | VO(ClO4)3
VO2(ClO4)  | Cr(ClO4)3 | Mn(ClO4)2 | Fe(ClO4)2
Fe(ClO4)3 | Co(ClO4)2
Co(ClO4)3 | Ni(ClO4)2 | Cu(ClO4)2 | Zn(ClO4)2 | Ga(ClO4)3 | Ge  | As  | Se  | BrOClO3 | Kr
RbClO4 | Sr(ClO4)2 |  | Y(ClO4)3 | Zr(ClO4)4 | Nb(ClO4)5 | MoO2(ClO4)2 | Tc  | Ru  | Rh(ClO4)3 | Pd(ClO4)2 | AgClO4 | Cd(ClO4)2 | In(ClO4)3 | Sn(ClO4)4 | Sb(ClO4)3 | TeO(ClO4)2 | I(OClO3)3 | Xe(OClO3)2
CsClO4 | Ba(ClO4)2 | *  | Lu(ClO4)3 | Hf(ClO4)4 | Ta(ClO4)5
TaO(ClO4)3
TaO2ClO4 | WO(ClO4)4 | ReO3ClO4 | Os  | Ir  | Pt  | Au(ClO4)−4 | Hg2(ClO4)2
Hg(ClO4)2 | Tl(ClO4)
Tl(ClO4)3 | Pb(ClO4)2 | Bi(ClO4)3 | Po  | At  | Rn
FrClO4 | Ra  | **  | Lr  | Rf  | Db  | Sg  | Bh  | Hs  | Mt  | Ds  | Rg  | Cn  | Nh  | Fl  | Mc  | Lv  | Ts  | Og

*  | La(ClO4)3 | Ce(ClO4)x | Pr(ClO4)3 | Nd(ClO4)3 | Pm  | Sm(ClO4)3 | Eu(ClO4)3 | Gd(ClO4)3 | Tb(ClO4)3 | Dy(ClO4)3 | Ho(ClO4)3 | Er(ClO4)3 | Tm(ClO4)3 | Yb(ClO4)3
**  | Ac  | Th(ClO4)4 | Pa  | UO2(ClO4)2 | Np  | Pu  | Am  | Cm  | Bk  | Cf  | Es  | Fm  | Md  | No

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*[CID]: Compound ID
*[EPA]: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
*[H272]: H272: May intensify fire: oxidizer
*[H315]: H315: Causes skin irritation
*[H319]: H319: Causes serious eye irritation
*[H335]: H335: May cause respiratory irritation
*[P210]: P210: Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames and other ignition sources. No smoking.
*[P220]: P220: Keep/Store away from clothing/.../combustible materials.
*[P221]: P221: Take any precaution to avoid mixing with combustibles.
*[P261]: P261: Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
*[P264]: P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
*[P271]: P271: Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
*[P280]: P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
*[P302+P352]: P302+P352: IF ON SKIN: Wash with soap and water.
*[P304+P340]: P304+P340: IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
*[P305+P351+P338]: P305+P351+P338: IF IN EYES: Rinse continuously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
*[P312]: P312: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
*[P321]: P321: Specific treatment (see ... on this label).
*[P332+P313]: P332+P313: If skin irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention.
*[P337+P313]: P337+P313: If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention.
*[P362]: P362: Take off contaminated clothing.
*[P370+P378]: P370+P378: In case of fire: Use ... to extinguish.
*[P403+P233]: P403+P233: Store in a well ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
*[P405]: P405: Store locked up.
*[P501]: P501: Dispose of contents/container to ...
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