Islamic Resistance in Iraq (2020–present)

Islamist insurgent group in Iraq

Not to be confused with Islamic Resistance in Iraq (2004–2017) or Islamic Resistance Movement (Hamas) of Iraq.

"Islamic Resistance in Iraq" redirects here. For other uses, see Islamic Resistance in Iraq (disambiguation).

A request that this article title be changed is under discussion. Please do not move this article until the discussion is closed.

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Islamic Resistance in Iraq
al-Moqawamat al-Islamiat fi al-Iraq

المقاومة الإسلامية في العراق
Leaders| Ahmad al-Hamidawi
Akram al-Kaabi
Qais Khazali
Abu Ala al-Walai

Dates of operation| 2020 – present
Group(s)| See groups
Ideology| Iraqi nationalism
Shia Islamism
Khomeinism
Anti-Americanism
Anti-Zionism
Size| 70,000
Part of| Axis of Resistance
Allies|  Iran
Syria
Russia
North Korea
Popular Mobilization Forces
Hezbollah
Houthi movement
Hamas
Palestinian Islamic Jihad
Opponents|  United States
Israel
Saudi Arabia
Peshmerga
Islamic State
White Flags[citation needed]
Syrian Democratic Forces
Battles and wars| Attacks on U.S. bases in Iraq, Jordan, and Syria (2023–present)
2023 Israel–Hamas war
Israel–Hezbollah conflict (2023–present)

The Islamic Resistance in Iraq (IRI; Arabic: المقاومة الإسلامية في العراق, romanized: al-Moqawamat al-Islamiat fi al-Iraq) is an umbrella term for pro-Iran Shia Islamist insurgent groups in Iraq which has been described as a generic brand or network[1] of ideologically similar groups backed by Iran rather than a group in itself.[2]

In October 2023, the IRI began launching rockets and drones at U.S. bases in Iraq, Jordan and Syria, causing minor injuries to American servicemen until a drone attack killed three U.S. soldiers in Jordan on 28 January 2024.[3][4][5][6][7] The IRI has attacked Israel with multiple drones and missiles.[8] Brain injuries were the most cited medical result of the five dozen attacks on U.S. forces and have initiated diplomatic efforts by U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken and more directly by Iraqi Prime Minister Mohammed Shia' Al Sudani on a visit to Tehran.[9][10]

## Groups[edit]

* Kata'ib Hezbollah[11]
* Harakat Hezbollah al-Nujaba[11][12]
* Asa'ib Ahl al-Haq[11][13]
* Kata'ib Sayyid al-Shuhada[11]

## Operations in Iraq, Jordan, and Syria[edit]

Main article: Attacks on U.S. bases in Iraq, Jordan, and Syria (2023–present)

On 18 October 2023, amid the 2023 Israel–Hamas war, the Islamic Resistance in Iraq began waves of attacks on U.S. bases in both Iraq and Syria, beginning with the launching of a drone strike on al-Asad Airbase which was intercepted.[14][15][16]

On 24 October, the Islamic Resistance in Iraq claimed responsibility for multiple drone strikes on US bases in eastern Syria, notably al-Omar oil field in Deir ez-Zor Governorate and al-Shaddadi in the Al-Hasakah Governorate.[17]

On 5 November, the Islamic Resistance in Iraq issued a warning ahead of Antony Blinken's visit to Baghdad, saying "Antony Blinken, the son of a Jew, is not welcome in Iraq." As a result of the threats, Blinken wore a bulletproof vest when landing in Baghdad International Airport.[18]

On 9 November, US forces were struck three separate times in 24 hours, including drone strikes in Al-Asad Airbase and Al-Harir Air Base, as well as an IED attack on a patrol near the Mosul Dam.[19]

On 20 November, eight US and coalition soldiers were injured from a ballistic missile attack, and there was minor infrastructural damage after the air base was attacked by a ballistic missile.[20]

On 25 December, the Islamic Resistance in Iraq claimed responsibility for a drone attack on the base which injured three US soldiers, one being critical.[21][22]

On 18 January 2024, the Islamic Resistance of Iraq claimed it shot down a US MQ-9 Reaper drone after it took off from Kuwait near Muqdadiyah, Diyala Governorate.[23][24]

On 20 January 2024, the group claimed a missile attack on the Ain Al-Asad Air Base in Al Anbar Govenorate, injuring two US personnel and one Iraqi personnel.[25][26]

On 28 January, the IRI launched a drone attack on the Tower 22 US military outpost in Rukban, Jordan, killing 3 US soldiers and injuring 47 others.[7][27]

On 4 February 2024, a drone struck a training ground in Al-Omar field in Deir ez-Zor, eastern Syria, which houses US troops, according to the Syrian Democratic Forces. Though no casualties were reported among US forces, at least seven Kurdish fighters were killed and 18 injured. The Islamic Resistance in Iraq claimed responsibility for the attack.[28][29] The SDF condemned the attack, and said it had "every right to respond".[30]

## Operations in Israel[edit]

Main article: 2023 Israel–Hamas war

On 2 November, the Islamic Resistance in Iraq claimed responsibility for an attack against a "vital Israeli target" on the Dead Sea coastline in retaliation to Israeli attacks on Palestinian civilians in Gaza. In a statement later that day, the group stated it would continue to "strike enemy strongholds."[31]

On 3 November, the Islamic Resistance In Iraq claimed responsibility for a missile attack on Eilat.[32] On 12 November, it claimed responsibility for another missile attack on Eilat.[33]

On 21 December, the Islamic Resistance In Iraq claimed responsibility for a drone attack on Eilat which was reportedly intercepted by the Royal Jordanian Air Force.[34] It also claimed responsibility for a drone attack on the Karish rig hours after the attack on Eilat which was shot down by IDF fighter jets.[35]

On 28 December, the Islamic Resistance In Iraq claimed responsibility for a drone attack near Eli-ad in the southern part of the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights.[36]

On 31 December, the Islamic Resistance In Iraq claimed responsibility for two drone attacks on the Golan Heights which were intercepted by Israeli fighter jets.[37] A few hours after the drone attacks on Golan Heights, they claimed responsibility for a drone attack on Eilat which was intercepted by the IDF.[38]

On 7 January, the Islamic Resistance In Iraq claimed responsibility for an attack on an Israeli base in the Golan Heights and a cruise missile attack on a "vital target" on Haifa Bay.[39][40]

On 22 January, the Islamic Resistance In Iraq claimed responsibility for an attack on the port of Ashdod, Israel using drones.[41]

## Possible intervention in Israel–Hezbollah conflict[edit]

Main article: Israel–Hezbollah conflict (2023–present)

On 9 January, the Kata'ib Hezbollah spokesperson Jafar al-Husseini warned that the Islamic Resistance in Iraq would help Hezbollah fight Israel if war erupted between the two sides.[42]

## Possible intervention in United States–Houthi conflict[edit]

Main article: United States–Houthi conflict (2023–present)

On 11 January, the Islamic Resistance in Iraq said that if Yemen is attacked by the US and UK, "we will attack the Americans' base with everything in our power".[43]

## U.S. retaliation airstrikes[edit]

Main article: Attacks on U.S. bases in Iraq, Jordan, and Syria (2023–present)

On 21 November, a US AC-130-gunship struck a Kata'ib Hezbollah vehicle near Abu Ghraib, Iraq in response to the Islamic Resistance In Iraq's 20 November attack on Ain al Assad Airbase.[44]

## See also[edit]

* Iranian intervention in Iraq (2014–present)

## References[edit]

1. ^ Caleb Weiss; Joe Truzman (30 April 2021). "Iranian-backed groups tout operations in Iraq". The Long War Journal.
2. ^ Hamdi Malik; Michael Knights (21 October 2023). "Profile: The Islamic Resistance of Iraq". The Washington Institute for Near East Policy.
3. ^ Hammer, Mathias (25 October 2023). "What to Know About the Attacks on U.S. Military Bases in the Middle East". TIME.
4. ^ "Iraqi Shiite militia claim drone, rocket attacks on U.S. bases in Syria". Xinhua (via News.cn). 19 October 2023.
5. ^ "Fifth drone strike in past week targets U.S. troops". Kurdistan 24. 21 October 2023.
6. ^ "Iraqi Islamic Front targets US forces in Syria". North Press Agency. 23 October 2023.
7. ^ a b "Three US service members killed in Jordan drone attack, Biden says". Al Jazeera. 28 January 2024. Archived from the original on 28 January 2024.
8. ^ "Iraqi militant group claims responsibility for missile attack on Israel". Kurdistan 24. 3 November 2023.
9. ^ Lolita C. Baldor and Qassim Abdul-Zahra. Associated Press reporters. (18 November 2023). "How the US strikes a delicate balance in responding to attacks on its forces by Iran-backed militias". Microsoft Start website Retrieved 24 November 2023.
10. ^ Fatima Hussein and Tara Copp. Associated Press reporters. "Treasury sanctions Iran-backed militia members attacking US forces". Army Times website Retrieved 24 November 2023.
11. ^ a b c d "Iran Update, October 18, 2023". Institute for the Study of War. 18 October 2023. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
12. ^ Dana Taib Menmy; Oliver Mizzi (8 November 2023). "Who is the Islamic Resistance in Iraq, the mysterious group attacking US and Israeli targets over Gaza?". The New Arab.
13. ^ "Iran Update, November 3, 2023". Institute for the Study of War. 3 November 2023. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
14. ^ Sewell, Abby; Copp, Tara; Abdul-Zahra, Qassim (18 October 2023). "Drone attack on base hosting US troops intercepted in Iraq, heightening fears of a broader conflict". Beirut, Lebanon: AP News. Archived from the original on 18 October 2023. Retrieved 18 October 2023.
15. ^ "Drone attack on US forces intercepted in Iraq – report". The Jerusalem Post. 18 October 2023. Archived from the original on 18 October 2023. Retrieved 18 October 2023.
16. ^ Stewart, Phil; Ismail, Amina; Rasheed, Ahmed; Stewart, Phil (18 October 2023). "US says it thwarted drone attacks on troops in Iraq". Reuters. Archived from the original on 18 October 2023. Retrieved 18 October 2023.
17. ^ AP. "Iran-backed groups claim fresh attacks on US bases in Syria". The Times of Israel. Retrieved 6 November 2023.
18. ^ Arain, Waqas (7 November 2023). "Bulletproof Diplomacy: Blinken's Vest Spotlights Security Concerns in Iraq". BNN Breaking. Retrieved 22 December 2023.
19. ^ "Drone, explosive attacks target US forces across Iraq". Reuters. 9 November 2023. Retrieved 10 November 2023.
20. ^ "Several U.S. service members injured in missile attack at Al-Asad Airbase in Iraq, Pentagon says - CBS News". CBS News. 22 November 2023. Retrieved 22 November 2023.
21. ^ "New drone attack targets US troops in Iraq". France 24. 25 December 2023. Retrieved 26 December 2023.
22. ^ Stewart, Phil (26 December 2023). "US retaliates in Iraq after three US troops wounded in attack". reuters.com. Retrieved 26 December 2023.
23. ^ AFP (20 January 2024). "US says probing cause of drone crash in Iraq after Iran-backed militias claim to down UAV". timesofisrael.com. Retrieved 21 January 2024.
24. ^ "Red Sea Ship Attacks Continue After Super Hornets Strike Missiles". The War Zone. The Drive. 18 January 2024.
25. ^ US personnel suffer minor injuries in Iraq base attack: U.S. official, Reuters
26. ^ https://x.com/irandefense/status/1727839209308787065?s=46&t=UYh7e8DMIsUga4DLC5QNmA
27. ^ Horton, Alex; Ryan, Missy; Warrick, Joby; Lamothe, Dan (29 January 2024). "U.S. mixed up enemy, friendly drones in attack that killed 3 troops". The Washington Post.
28. ^ "At least 6 Kurdish fighters are killed in a drone attack on a Syrian base housing US troops". ABC News. Retrieved 5 February 2024.
29. ^ "7 Kurdish-led fighters killed in attack on US base in Syria: monitor". The Economic Times. 5 February 2024. ISSN 0013-0389. Retrieved 5 February 2024.
30. ^ "7 Kurdish-led Fighters Killed In Attack On US Base In Syria: Monitor". Barron's. Retrieved 5 February 2024.
31. ^ "Iran-Backed 'Islamic Resistance In Iraq' Claims Attack Against Israeli Target On Dead Sea Coastline". MEMRI. Retrieved 25 November 2023.
32. ^ Muwaffaq, Dastan (3 November 2023). "Iraqi militant group claims responsibility for missile attack on Israel". Kurdistan24. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
33. ^ "Iraq's Islamic Resistance attacks Eilat with "appropriate weapons"". Shafaq News. Retrieved 21 December 2023.
34. ^ "Iraqi militia attempts Eilat drone attack, was intercepted over Jordan". The Jerusalem Post. 22 December 2023. Retrieved 27 December 2023.
35. ^ "Iran-backed militias in Iraq claim to have targeted Israeli gas rig in Mediterranean". The Times of Israel. 22 December 2023. Retrieved 22 December 2023.
36. ^ "Suspected explosive-laden drone crashes in Golan; Iraqi militia claims responsibility". The Times of Israel. 28 December 2023. Retrieved 28 December 2023.
37. ^ Fabian, Emanuel (31 December 2023). "IDF downs two apparent drones launched at Israel by Iran-backed Iraqi militia". The Times of Israel. Retrieved 31 December 2023.
38. ^ "Iraqi militia group claims attack on southern Israel". www.rudaw.net. Retrieved 2 January 2024.
39. ^ ""Iraqi Resistance" target Israeli, American bases in Syria". Shafaq News. Retrieved 8 January 2024.
40. ^ "Iraqi Shiite factions attack Haifa with a strategic missile". Shafaq News. Retrieved 8 January 2024.
41. ^ "Israel: Iraqi group claims to have attacked port of Ashdod". middleeastmonitor.com. 23 January 2024. Retrieved 24 January 2024.
42. ^ Comms, I. S. W. "Iran Update, January 9, 2024". Retrieved 10 January 2024.
43. ^ "Iran-backed militias in Iraq: if Yemen is attacked, we will hit US base". The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com. 12 January 2024. Retrieved 12 January 2024.
44. ^ "IRAN UPDATE, NOVEMBER 21, 2023".

* v
* t
* e

Armed groups in the Iraqi conflict

Iraqi government|

* Iraqi Armed Forces
* Iraqi Army
* Iraqi Air Force
* Iraqi Navy
* Iraqi security forces
* Iraqi Police
* Iraqi Police Service
* National Police
* Supporting Forces
* Facilities Protection Service

Ba'athists|

* Army of the Men of the Naqshbandi Order
* Fedayeen Saddam
* General Military Council for Iraqi Revolutionaries
* Al-Awda
* General Command of the Armed Forces, Resistance and Liberation in Iraq
* Popular Army
* New Return
* Patriotic Front
* Political Media Organ of the Ba'ath Party
* Popular Resistance for the Liberation of Iraq
* Al-Abud Network
* Free Iraqi Army

Militias and others|

| Shia Islamic militias|

* Popular Mobilization Forces
* Mahdi Army
* Abu Deraa's Mahdi Army faction
* Badr Organization
* Sheibani Network
* Soldiers of Heaven
* Free Iraqi Forces
* Special Groups (Iraq)
* Asa'ib Ahl al-Haq
* Promised Day Brigade
* Kata'ib Hezbollah
* Saraya Ansar al-Aqeeda
* Kata'ib al-Imam Ali
* Harakat Hezbollah al-Nujaba
* Saraya al-Jihad
* Abu al-Fadl al-Abbas Forces
* Quwwat Sahl Ninawa
* Mukhtar Army
* Hezbollah
* Liwa Abu al-Fadhal al-Abbas
* Jaysh al-Mu'ammal
* Liwa Ali al-Akbar
* Islamic Resistance in Iraq
* Kata'ib Sayyid al-Shuhada

|

Sunni Islamic militias|

* Tribal Mobilization (ar)
* Awakening groups
* 1920 Revolution Brigade
* Jaish al-Rashideen
* Islamic Army in Iraq
* Islamic Front for the Iraqi Resistance
* Hamas of Iraq
* Harakat Ahrar al-Iraq

Kurdish militias|

* Peshmerga
* Kurdistan Workers' Party
* Kurdistan Freedom Hawks
* Sinjar Resistance Units
* Êzîdxan Women's Units

Turkmen militias|

* Iraqi Turkmen Front
* 16Brigade
* 52nd Brigade
* 92nd Brigade
* Brigade of Imam Hussein
* Sayyid al-Shuhada
* Bashir Regiment

Assyrian/Syriac militias|

| Nineveh Plains|

* Nineveh Plain Protection Units
* Nineveh Plain Forces
* Qaraqosh Protection Committee
* Dwekh Nawsha

|

* Syriac Military Council
* Kataib Rouh Allah Issa Ibn Miriam
* Babylon Brigade

Yazidi militias|

* Asayîşa Êzîdxanê
* Êzîdxan Protection Force
* Sinjar Alliance

* Sinjar Resistance Units
* Êzîdxan Women's Units

Insurgents|

| Nationalist Salafis|

* Mujahideen Army
* Mujahideen Battalions of the Salafi Group of Iraq
* Islamic Salafist Boy Scout Battalions
* Mohammad's Army

|

Salafi Jihadists|

* Ansar al-Islam in Kurdistan
* Black Banner Organization
* Abu Theeb's group
* Abu Bakr Al-Salafi Army
* Jamaat Ansar al-Sunna
* Jamaat Jaysh Ahl al-Sunnah wa-l-Jamaah
* Islamic State
* Mujahideen Shura Council
* Jaish al-Ta'ifa al-Mansurah
* Al-Qaeda in Iraq
* Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad
* Wakefulness and Holy War
* White Flags

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