Isotopes of manganese

Isotopes of manganese (25Mn) | Main isotopes[1] | Decay

|

| abun­dance | half-life (t1/2) | mode | pro­duct
52Mn  | synth | 5.591 d | β+ | 52Cr
53Mn  | trace | 3.7×106 y | ε | 53Cr
54Mn  | synth  | 312.081 d | ε | 54Cr
β− | 54Fe
β+ | 54Cr
55Mn  | 100%  | stable
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Mn)

* 54.938043±0.000002[2]
* 54.938±0.001 (abridged)[3]

* view
* talk
* edit

Naturally occurring manganese (25Mn) is composed of one stable isotope, 55Mn. Twenty-seven radioisotopes have been characterized, with the most stable being 53Mn with a half-life of 3.7 million years, 54Mn with a half-life of 312.3 days, and 52Mn with a half-life of 5.591 days. All of the remaining radioactive isotopes have half-lives that are less than 3 hours and the majority of these have half-lives that are less than a minute. This element also has seven meta states.

Manganese is part of the iron group of elements, which are thought to be synthesized in large stars shortly before supernova explosions. 53Mn decays to 53Cr with a half-life of 3.7 million years. Because of its relatively short half-life, 53Mn occurs only in tiny amounts due to the action of cosmic rays on iron in rocks.[4] Manganese isotopic contents are typically combined with chromium isotopic contents and have found application in isotope geology and radiometric dating. Mn−Cr isotopic ratios reinforce the evidence from 26Al and 107Pd for the early history of the Solar System. Variations in 53Cr/52Cr and Mn/Cr ratios from several meteorites indicate an initial 53Mn/55Mn ratio that suggests Mn−Cr isotopic systematics must result from in-situ decay of 53Mn in differentiated planetary bodies. Hence 53Mn provides additional evidence for nucleosynthetic processes immediately before coalescence of the Solar System.

The isotopes of manganese range from 46Mn to 73Mn. The primary decay mode before the most abundant stable isotope, 55Mn, is electron capture and the primary mode after is beta decay.

## List of isotopes

[edit]

Nuclide
[n 1] | Z | N | Isotopic mass (Da)
[n 2][n 3] | Half-life
| Decay
mode
[n 4] | Daughter
isotope
[n 5] | Spin and
parity
[n 6][n 7] | Isotopic
abundance

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Excitation energy[n 7]
46Mn  | 25  | 21  | 45.986669(93)  | 36.2(4) ms  | β+, p (57.0%)  | 45V  | (4+)  |
β+ (25%)  | 46Cr
β+, 2p (18%)  | 44Ti
β+, α?  | 42Ti
47Mn  | 25  | 22  | 46.975774(34)  | 88.0(13) ms  | β+ | 47Cr  | 5/2−#  |
β+, p? (<1.7%)  | 46V
48Mn  | 25  | 23  | 47.9685488(72)  | 158.1(22) ms  | β+ (99.72%)  | 48Cr  | 4+  |
β+, p (0.28%)  | 47V
β+, α (6×10−4%)  | 44Ti
49Mn  | 25  | 24  | 48.9596134(24)  | 382(7) ms  | β+ | 49Cr  | 5/2−  |
50Mn  | 25  | 25  | 49.95423816(12)  | 283.21(7) ms  | β+ | 50Cr | 0+  |
50mMn  | 225.31(7) keV  | 1.75(3) min  | β+ | 50Cr | 5+  |
51Mn  | 25  | 26  | 50.94820877(33)  | 45.81(21) min  | β+ | 51Cr  | 5/2−  |
52Mn  | 25  | 27  | 51.94555909(14)  | 5.591(3) d  | β+ | 52Cr | 6+  |
52mMn  | 377.749(5) keV  | 21.1(2) min  | β+ (98.22%)  | 52Cr | 2+  |
IT (1.78%)  | 52Mn
53Mn  | 25  | 28  | 52.94128750(37)  | 3.7(4)×106 y  | EC | 53Cr | 7/2−  | trace
54Mn  | 25  | 29  | 53.9403558(11)  | 312.081(32) d  | EC  | 54Cr | 3+  |
β− (9.3×10−5%)  | 54Fe
β+ (1.28×10−7%)  | 54Cr
55Mn  | 25  | 30  | 54.93804304(28)  | Stable | 5/2−  | 1.0000
56Mn  | 25  | 31  | 55.93890282(31)  | 2.5789(1) h  | β− | 56Fe | 3+  |
57Mn  | 25  | 32  | 56.9382859(16)  | 85.4(18) s  | β− | 57Fe | 5/2−  |
58Mn  | 25  | 33  | 57.9400666(29)  | 3.0(1) s  | β− | 58Fe | 1+  |
58mMn  | 71.77(5) keV  | 65.4(5) s  | β− | 58Fe | 4+  |
IT?  | 58Mn
59Mn  | 25  | 34  | 58.9403911(25)  | 4.59(5) s  | β− | 59Fe  | 5/2−  |
60Mn  | 25  | 35  | 59.9431366(25)  | 280(20) ms  | β− | 60Fe  | 1+  |
60mMn  | 271.90(10) keV  | 1.77(2) s  | β− (88.5%)  | 60Fe  | 4+  |
IT (11.5%)  | 60Mn
61Mn  | 25  | 36  | 60.9444525(25)  | 709(8) ms  | β− | 61Fe  | 5/2−  |
β−, n?  | 60Fe
62Mn  | 25  | 37  | 61.9479074(70)  | 92(13) ms  | β− | 62Fe  | 1+  |
β−, n?  | 61Fe
62mMn[n 8] | 343(6) keV  | 671(5) ms  | β− | 62Fe  | 4+  |
β−, n?  | 61Fe
IT?  | 62Mn
63Mn  | 25  | 38  | 62.9496647(40)  | 275(4) ms  | β− | 63Fe  | 5/2−  |
β−, n?  | 62Fe
64Mn  | 25  | 39  | 63.9538494(38)  | 88.8(24) ms  | β− (97.3%)  | 64Fe  | 1+  |
β−, n (2.7%)  | 63Fe
64mMn  | 174.1(5) keV  | 439(31) μs  | IT  | 64Mn  | (4+)  |
65Mn  | 25  | 40  | 64.9560197(40)  | 91.9(7) ms  | β− (92.1%)  | 65Fe  | (5/2−)  |
β−, n (7.9%)  | 64Fe
66Mn  | 25  | 41  | 65.960547(12)  | 63.8(9) ms  | β− (92.6%)  | 66Fe  | (1+)  |
β−, n (7.4%)  | 65Fe
β−, 2n?  | 64Fe
66mMn  | 464.5(4) keV  | 780(40) μs  | IT  | 66Mn  | (5−)  |
β−?  | 66Fe
67Mn  | 25  | 42  | 66.96395(22)#  | 46.7(23) ms  | β− (90%)  | 67Fe  | 5/2−#  |
β−, n (10%)  | 66Fe
β−, 2n?  | 65Fe
68Mn  | 25  | 43  | 67.96895(32)#  | 33.7(15) ms  | β− (82%)  | 68Fe  | (3)  |
β−, n (18%)  | 67Fe
β−, 2n?  | 66Fe
69Mn  | 25  | 44  | 68.97278(43)#  | 22.1(16) ms  | β− (60%)  | 69Fe  | 5/2−#  |
β−, n (40%)  | 68Fe
β−, 2n?  | 67Fe
70Mn  | 25  | 45  | 69.97805(54)#  | 19.9(17) ms  | β− | 70Fe  | (4,5)  |
β−, n?  | 69Fe
β−, 2n?  | 68Fe
71Mn  | 25  | 46  | 70.98216(54)#  | 16# ms
[>400 ns]  | β−?  | 71Fe  | 5/2-#  |
β−, n?  | 70Fe
β−, 2n?  | 69Fe
72Mn  | 25  | 47  | 71.98801(64)#  | 12# ms
[>620 ns]  | β−?  | 72Fe  |  |
β−, n?  | 71Fe
β−, 2n?  | 70Fe
73Mn  | 25  | 48  | 72.99281(64)#  | 12# ms
[>410 ns]  | β−?  | 73Fe  | 5/2−#  |
This table header & footer:

* view

1. ^ mMn - Excited nuclear isomer.
2. ^ ( ) - Uncertainty (1σ) is given in concise form in parentheses after the corresponding last digits.
3. ^ # - Atomic mass marked #: value and uncertainty derived not from purely experimental data, but at least partly from trends from the Mass Surface (TMS).
4. ^ Modes of decay:  EC: | Electron capture

|

IT: | Isomeric transition
n: | Neutron emission
p: | Proton emission
5. ^ Bold symbol as daughter - Daughter product is stable.
6. ^ ( ) spin value - Indicates spin with weak assignment arguments.
7. ^ a b # - Values marked # are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from trends of neighboring nuclides (TNN).
8. ^ Order of ground state and isomer is uncertain.

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.
2. ^ "Standard Atomic Weights: Manganese". CIAAW. 2017.
3. ^ Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
4. ^ J. Schaefer; et al. (2006). "Terrestrial manganese-53 — A new monitor of Earth surface processes". Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 251 (3–4): 334–345\. Bibcode:2006E&PSL.251..334S. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2006.09.016.3–4&rft.pages=334-345&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016/j.epsl.2006.09.016&rft_id=info:bibcode/2006E&PSL.251..334S;&rft.au=J.+Schaefer&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Isotopes+of+manganese" class="Z3988">

* Isotope masses from:
* Audi, Georges; Bersillon, Olivier; Blachot, Jean; Wapstra, Aaldert Hendrik (2003), "The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties", Nuclear Physics A, 729: 3–128, Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A, doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001
* Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from the following sources.
* Audi, Georges; Bersillon, Olivier; Blachot, Jean; Wapstra, Aaldert Hendrik (2003), "The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties", Nuclear Physics A, 729: 3–128, Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A, doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001
* National Nuclear Data Center. "NuDat 2.x database". Brookhaven National Laboratory.
* Holden, Norman E. (2004). "11. Table of the Isotopes". In Lide, David R. (ed.). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (85th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-0485-9.

* v
* t
* e

Isotopes of the chemical elements

| Group | 1 | 2 |  | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Period | Hydrogen and
alkali metals  | Alkaline
earth metals  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Pnicto­gens  | Chal­co­gens  | Halo­gens  | Noble gases
① |

Isotopes § List

1  |  |

Isotopes § List

② |

Isotopes § List

3  |

Isotopes § List

4  |  |

Isotopes § List

5  |

Isotopes § List

6  |

Isotopes § List

7  |

Isotopes § List

8  |

Isotopes § List

9  |

Isotopes § List

③ |

Isotopes § List

11  |

Isotopes § List

12  |  |

Isotopes § List

13  |

Isotopes § List

14  |

Isotopes § List

15  |

Isotopes § List

16  |

Isotopes § List

17  |

Isotopes § List

④ |

Isotopes § List

19  |

Isotopes § List

20  |  |

Isotopes § List

21  |

Isotopes § List

22  |

Isotopes § List

23  |

Isotopes § List

24  |

Isotopes § List

25  |

Isotopes § List

26  |

Isotopes § List

27  |

Isotopes § List

28  |

Isotopes § List

29  |

Isotopes § List

30  |

Isotopes § List

31  |

Isotopes § List

32  |

Isotopes § List

33  |

Isotopes § List

34  |

Isotopes § List

35  |

Isotopes § List

⑤ |

Isotopes § List

37  |

Isotopes § List

38  |  |

Isotopes § List

39  |

Isotopes § List

40  |

Isotopes § List

41  |

Isotopes § List

42  |

Isotopes § List

43  |

Isotopes § List

44  |

Isotopes § List

45  |

Isotopes § List

46  |

Isotopes § List

47  |

Isotopes § List

48  |

Isotopes § List

49  |

Isotopes § List

50  |

Isotopes § List

51  |

Isotopes § List

52  |

Isotopes § List

53  |

Isotopes § List

⑥ |

Isotopes § List

55  |

Isotopes § List

56  |  |

Isotopes § List

71  |

Isotopes § List

72  |

Isotopes § List

73  |

Isotopes § List

74  |

Isotopes § List

75  |

Isotopes § List

76  |

Isotopes § List

77  |

Isotopes § List

78  |

Isotopes § List

79  |

Isotopes § List

80  |

Isotopes § List

81  |

Isotopes § List

82  |

Isotopes § List

83  |

Isotopes § List

84  |

Isotopes § List

85  |

Isotopes § List

⑦ |

Isotopes § List

87  |

Isotopes § List

88  |  |

Isotopes § List

103  |

Isotopes § List

104  |

Isotopes § List

105  |

Isotopes § List

106  |

Isotopes § List

107  |

Isotopes § List

108  |

Isotopes § List

109  |

Isotopes § List

110  |

Isotopes § List

111  |

Isotopes § List

112  |

Isotopes § List

113  |

Isotopes § List

114  |

Isotopes § List

115  |

Isotopes § List

116  |

Isotopes § List

117  |

Isotopes § List

118
⑧ |

Isotopes § List

Uue

119  |

Isotopes § List

Ubn

120
|  |  |  |

Isotopes § List

57  |

Isotopes § List

58  |

Isotopes § List

59  |

Isotopes § List

60  |

Isotopes § List

61  |

Isotopes § List

62  |

Isotopes § List

63  |

Isotopes § List

64  |

Isotopes § List

65  |

Isotopes § List

66  |

Isotopes § List

67  |

Isotopes § List

68  |

Isotopes § List

69  |

Isotopes § List

70  |
|  |

Isotopes § List

89  |

Isotopes § List

90  |

Isotopes § List

91  |

Isotopes § List

92  |

Isotopes § List

93  |

Isotopes § List

94  |

Isotopes § List

95  |

Isotopes § List

96  |

Isotopes § List

97  |

Isotopes § List

98  |

Isotopes § List

99  |

Isotopes § List

100  |

Isotopes § List

101  |

Isotopes § List

102

* Table of nuclides
* Categories: Isotopes
* Tables of nuclides
* Metastable isotopes
* Isotopes by element

*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template