James Collins (bioengineer)

American bioengineer

For other people named James Collins, see James Collins (disambiguation).

James Collins

Born|

James Joseph Collins

(1965-06-26) June 26, 1965 (age 58)

New York City, New York, U.S.

Alma mater| College of the Holy Cross (BA)
University of Oxford (DPhil)
Known for| Synthetic biology; discovery of halicin and abaucin
Awards| Dickson Prize in Medicine
HFSP Nakasone Award
Max Delbruck Prize
Gabbay Award
MacArthur Fellow
National Academy of Sciences
National Academy of Engineering
National Academy of Medicine
American Academy of Arts & Sciences
Scientific career
Fields| Bioengineering
Medical engineering
Institutions| Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Harvard University
Boston University
Thesis| Joint Mechanics: Modeling of the Lower Limb (1990)
Doctoral advisor| John O’Connor

James Joseph Collins (born June 26, 1965) is an American bioengineer who serves as the Termeer Professor of Medical Engineering & Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Collins conducted research showing that artificial intelligence (AI) approaches can be used to discover novel antibiotics, such as halicin and abaucin. He serves as the Director of the Antibiotics-AI Project at MIT, which is supported by The Audacious Project, and is the faculty lead for life sciences at the MIT Jameel Clinic.

Collins is one of the founders of the field of synthetic biology, and his work on synthetic gene circuits and programmable cells has led to the development of new classes of diagnostics and therapeutics, which have influenced research in detecting and treating infections caused by emerging pathogens such as Ebola, Zika, SARS-CoV-2, and antibiotic-resistant bacteria. He is also a researcher in systems biology, having made discoveries regarding the actions of antibiotics and the emergence of antibiotic resistance.[1]

Collins is a member of the National Academy of Engineering, the National Academy of Medicine, and the National Academy of Sciences, for his contributions to synthetic biology and engineered gene networks.

## Biography[edit]

Collins received a B.A. in physics, summa cum laude, from the College of the Holy Cross in 1987 as class valedictorian. He was awarded a Rhodes Scholarship to study medical engineering at the University of Oxford, where he earned a DPhil in 1990. Currently, Collins is the Termeer Professor of Medical Engineering & Science and Professor of Biological Engineering at MIT. Collins is also a core founding faculty member of the Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University and a member of the Broad Institute. Collins is also faculty lead for life sciences at the MIT Jameel Clinic since 2018.[2][3]

From 1990 to 2014, he was on the faculty at Boston University, where he was a William F. Warren Distinguished Professor, a University Professor, Professor of Biomedical Engineering, Professor of Medicine, and Co-Director of the Center for BioDynamics and Director of the Center of Synthetic Biology.

Collins has been involved with a number of start-up companies, and his inventions and technologies have been licensed by over 25 biotech and medical device companies. Collins is the scientific co-founder of several biotech companies and non-profit organizations.

Collins ran track and cross country at Holy Cross (he was a 4:17 miler), and earned a blue playing for the varsity basketball team at the University of Oxford.

## Work[edit]

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### Synthetic biology[edit]

Collins' work on synthetic gene circuits launched the field of synthetic biology.[4] He was the first (along with Michael Elowitz and Stanislas Leibler) to show that one can harness the biophysical properties of nucleic acids and proteins to create biological circuits, which can be used to rewire and reprogram living cells.

In a paper published in Nature,[5] Collins designed and constructed a genetic toggle switch – a synthetic, bistable gene regulatory network – in E. coli. The toggle switch forms a synthetic, addressable cellular memory unit with broad implications for biophysics, biomedicine and biotechnology. In the same issue of Nature, Elowitz and Leibler showed that one can build a synthetic genetic oscillator (called the repressilator) in E. coli.[6] Collins’ Nature paper on the genetic toggle switch[5] and Elowitz's and Leibler's Nature paper[6] on the repressilator are considered landmark pieces, ones that marks the beginnings of synthetic biology.[4]

Building on this work, Collins showed that synthetic gene networks can be used as regulatory modules and interfaced with a microbe's genetic circuitry to create programmable cells for a variety applications,[7] e.g., synthetic probiotics to serve as living diagnostics and living therapeutics to detect, treat and prevent infections such as cholera and C. difficile.[8][9] He also designed and constructed engineered riboregulators (RNA switches) for sensing and control,[10][11][12][13][14][15] microbial kill switches and genetic counters for biocontainment,[16][17][18] synthetic bacteriophage to combat resistant bacterial infections,[19][20] genetic switchboards for metabolic engineering,[21] and tunable genetic switches for gene and cell therapy.[22][23][24] Recently, Collins developed freeze-dried, cell-free synthetic gene circuits, an innovative platform that forms the basis for inexpensive, paper-based diagnostic tests for emerging pathogens (e.g., Zika, Ebola, SARS-CoV-2, antibiotic-resistant bacteria),[25][26][27][28] wearable biosensors,[29] and portable biomolecular manufacturing (e.g., to produce vaccine antigens) in the developing world.[30]

In the context of synthetic biology and regenerative medicine, Collins collaborated with Derrick Rossi and George Q. Daley on a study using synthetic mRNA technology for biomedical applications. The team showed that synthetic mRNA could be used for highly efficient stem cell reprogramming and redifferentiation. This work was published in Cell Stem Cell in 2010,[31] and Rossi used this synthetic biology technology platform to found Moderna.[32]

Collins has also used synthetic biology approaches (computational and experimental) to identify and address significant biological physics questions regarding the regulation of gene expression and cell dynamics. Collins, for example, has utilized synthetic gene networks to study the effects of positive feedback in genetic modules,[33][34] the role and origin of stochastic fluctuations in eukaryotic gene expression,[35] and the phenotypic consequences of gene expression noise and its effects on cell fate and microbial survival strategies in stressful environments.[36] Importantly, Collins has also demonstrated how synthetic gene circuits can be used to test, validate and improve qualitative and quantitative models of gene regulation,[37] and shown that biophysical theory and experiment can be coupled in bottom-up approaches to gain biological insights into the intricate processes of gene regulation.[38]

### Antibiotics and antibiotic resistance[edit]

Collins is also one of the leading researchers in systems biology through the use of experimental-computational biophysical techniques to reverse engineer and analyze endogenous gene regulatory networks.[39][40][41][42] Collins and collaborators showed that reverse-engineered gene networks can be used to identify drug targets, biological mediators and disease biomarkers.[43][44][45]

Collins and collaborators discovered, using systems biology approaches, that all classes of bactericidal antibiotics induce a common oxidative damage cellular death pathway.[46] This finding indicates that targeting bacterials systems that remediate oxidative damage, including the SOS DNA damage response, is a viable means of enhancing the effectiveness of all major classes of antibiotics and limiting the emergence of antibiotic resistance. This work established a mechanistic relationship between bacterial metabolism and antibiotic efficacy, which was further developed and validated by Collins and his team in a series of follow-on studies.[47][48][49][50][51][52]

Collins showed that certain metabolites could be used to enable bactericidal antibiotics to eradicate persistent, tolerant infections.[53][54][55] Additionally, Collins and co-workers discovered that sublethal levels of antibiotics activate mutagenesis by stimulating the production of reactive oxygen species, leading to multidrug resistance.[56] Collins and colleagues, using their systems approaches, also discovered a population-based resistance mechanism constituting a form of kin selection whereby a small number of resistant bacterial mutants, in the face of antibiotic stress, can, at some cost to themselves, provide protection to other more vulnerable, cells, enhancing the survival capacity of the overall population in stressful environments.[57]

In 2020, Collins was part of the team—with fellow MIT Jameel Clinic faculty lead Professor Regina Barzilay—that announced the discovery through deep learning of halicin, the first new antibiotic compound for 30 years, which kills over 35 powerful bacteria, including antimicrobial-resistant tuberculosis, the superbug C. difficile, and two of the World Health Organization's top-three most deadly bacteria.[58][59][60] In 2020, Collins, Barzilay and the MIT Jameel Clinic were also awarded funding through The Audacious Project to create the Antibiotics-AI Project and expand on the discovery of halicin in using AI to respond to the antibiotic resistance crisis through the development of new classes of antibiotics.[61]

### Nonlinear dynamics in biological systems[edit]

Collins also pioneered the development and use of nonlinear dynamical approaches to study, mimic and improve biological function,[62][63][64] expanding our ability to understand and harness the physics of living systems. Collins, for example, proposed that input noise could be used to enhance sensory function and motor control in humans.[65][66] He and collaborators showed that touch sensation and balance control in young and older adults, patients with stroke, and patients with diabetic neuropathy could be improved with the application of sub-sensory mechanical noise,[67][68][69][70] e.g., via vibrating insoles.[71] This work has led to the creation of a new class of medical devices to address complications resulting from diabetic neuropathy, restore brain function following stroke, and improve elderly balance.

## Awards[edit]

Collins' scientific accomplishments have been recognized by numerous awards, including the Dickson Prize in Medicine, the Sanofi-Institut Pasteur Award, the HFSP Nakasone Award, the Max Delbruck Prize, the Gabbay Award, the NIH Director's Pioneer Award, the Ellison Medical Foundation Senior Scholar Award in Aging, the inaugural Anthony J. Drexel Exceptional Achievement Award, the Lagrange Prize from the CRT Foundation in Italy, the BMES Robert A. Pritzker Award, the Promega Biotechnology Research Award, and being selected for Technology Review's inaugural TR100 100 young innovators who will shape the future of technology[72] – and the Scientific American 50 – the top 50 outstanding leaders in science and technology.[73]

Collins is a Fellow of the American Physical Society, the Institute of Physics, and the American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering. In 2003, he received a MacArthur Foundation "Genius Award",[74] becoming the first bioengineer to receive this honor. Collins' award citation noted, "Throughout his research, Collins demonstrates a proclivity for identifying abstract principles that underlie complex biological phenomena and for using these concepts to solve concrete, practical problems.". He was also honored as a Medical All-Star by the Boston Red Sox, and threw out the first pitch at a Red Sox game in Fenway Park. In 2016, Collins was named an Allen Distinguished Investigator by the Paul G. Allen Frontiers Group. Collins is an elected member of all three U.S. national academies – the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the National Academy of Medicine. He is also an elected fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, as well as a charter fellow of the National Academy of Inventors.

Collins has received teaching awards at Boston University, including the Biomedical Engineering Teacher of the Year Award, the College of Engineering Professor of the Year Award, and the Metcalf Cup and Prize for Excellence in Teaching, which is the highest teaching honor awarded by Boston University.[75]

## References[edit]

1. ^ Reardon, Michael (Winter 2007). "The Profile: James J. Collins Jr. '87". Holy Cross Magazine. Vol. 41, no. 1\. p. 80\. Archived from the original on August 22, 2016. Retrieved April 15, 2007.
2. ^ "Regina Barzilay, James Collins, and Phil Sharp join leadership of new effort on machine learning in health". MIT News | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Retrieved November 13, 2020.
3. ^ "People". J-Clinic. Retrieved November 13, 2020.
4. ^ a b Editorial: Ten years of synergy, Nature 463, 269-270 (21 January 2010), doi:10.1038/463269b
5. ^ a b Gardner, TS; Cantor CR; Collins JJ (January 20, 2000). "Construction of a genetic toggle switch in Escherichia coli". Nature. 403 (6767): 339–342. Bibcode:2000Natur.403..339G. doi:10.1038/35002131. PMID 10659857. S2CID 345059.
6. ^ a b Elowitz MB, Leibler S (2000). "A synthetic oscillatory network of transcriptional regulators". Nature. 403 (6767): 335–8. Bibcode:2000Natur.403..335E. doi:10.1038/35002125. PMID 10659856. S2CID 41632754.
7. ^ Kobayashi H, Kaern M, Araki M, Chung K, Gardner TS, Cantor CR; et al. (2004). "Programmable cells: interfacing natural and engineered gene networks". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 101 (22): 8414–9. Bibcode:2004PNAS..101.8414K. doi:10.1073/pnas.0402940101. PMC 420408. PMID 15159530.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
8. ^ Mao N, Cubillos-Ruiz A, Cameron DE, Collins JJ (2018). "Probiotic strains detect and suppress cholera in mice". Sci Transl Med. 10 (445). doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.aao2586. PMC 7821980. PMID 29899022.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
9. ^ Cubillos-Ruiz A, Alcantar MA, Donghia NM, Cárdenas P, Avila-Pacheco J, Collins JJ (2022). "An engineered live biotherapeutic for the prevention of antibiotic-induced dysbiosis". Nat Biomed Eng. 6 (7): 910–921. doi:10.1038/s41551-022-00871-9. PMID 35411114. S2CID 248100868.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
10. ^ Isaacs, FJ; Dwyer, DJ; Ding, C; Pervouchine, DD; Cantor, CR; Collins, JJ (2004). "Engineered riboregulators enable post-transcriptional control of gene expression". Nat Biotechnol. 22 (7): 823–4 2004. doi:10.1038/nbt986. PMID 15208640. S2CID 7289450.
11. ^ Green AA, Silver PA, Collins JJ, Yin P (2014). "Toehold switches: de-novo-designed regulators of gene expression". Cell. 159 (4): 925–39. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2014.10.002. PMC 4265554. PMID 25417166.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
12. ^ Green AA, Kim J, Ma D, Silver PA, Collins JJ, Yin P (2017). "Complex cellular logic computation using ribocomputing devices". Nature. 548 (7665): 117–121. Bibcode:2017Natur.548..117G. doi:10.1038/nature23271. PMC 6078203. PMID 28746304.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
13. ^ Angenent-Mari NM, Garruss AS, Soenksen LR, Church G, Collins JJ (2020). "A deep learning approach to programmable RNA switches". Nat Commun. 11 (1): 5057. Bibcode:2020NatCo..11.5057A. doi:10.1038/s41467-020-18677-1. PMC 7541447. PMID 33028812.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
14. ^ Zhao EM, Mao AS, de Puig H, Zhang K, Tippens ND, Tan X; et al. (2022). "RNA-responsive elements for eukaryotic translational control". Nat Biotechnol. 40 (4): 539–545. doi:10.1038/s41587-021-01068-2. PMID 34711989. S2CID 240153815.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
15. ^ Gayet RV, Ilia K, Razavi S, Tippens ND, Lalwani MA, Zhang K; et al. (2023). "Autocatalytic base editing for RNA-responsive translational control". Nat Commun. 14 (1): 1339. Bibcode:2023NatCo..14.1339G. doi:10.1038/s41467-023-36851-z. PMC 10008589. PMID 36906659.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
16. ^ Friedland AE, Lu TK, Wang X, Shi D, Church G, Collins JJ (2009). "Synthetic gene networks that count". Science. 324 (5931): 1199–202. Bibcode:2009Sci...324.1199F. doi:10.1126/science.1172005. PMC 2690711. PMID 19478183.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
17. ^ Callura JM, Dwyer DJ, Isaacs FJ, Cantor CR, Collins JJ (2010). "Tracking, tuning, and terminating microbial physiology using synthetic riboregulators". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 107 (36): 15898–903. Bibcode:2010PNAS..10715898C. doi:10.1073/pnas.1009747107. PMC 2936621. PMID 20713708.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
18. ^ Chan CT, Lee JW, Cameron DE, Bashor CJ, Collins JJ (2016). "'Deadman' and 'Passcode' microbial kill switches for bacterial containment". Nat Chem Biol. 12 (2): 82–6. doi:10.1038/nchembio.1979. PMC 4718764. PMID 26641934.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
19. ^ Lu TK, Collins JJ (2007). "Dispersing biofilms with engineered enzymatic bacteriophage". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 104 (27): 11197–202. Bibcode:2007PNAS..10411197L. doi:10.1073/pnas.0704624104. PMC 1899193. PMID 17592147.
20. ^ Lu TK, Collins JJ (2009). "Engineered bacteriophage targeting gene networks as adjuvants for antibiotic therapy". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 106 (12): 4629–34. Bibcode:2009PNAS..106.4629L. doi:10.1073/pnas.0800442106. PMC 2649960. PMID 19255432.
21. ^ Callura JM, Cantor CR, Collins JJ (2012). "Genetic switchboard for synthetic biology applications". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 109 (15): 5850–5. Bibcode:2012PNAS..109.5850C. doi:10.1073/pnas.1203808109. PMC 3326468. PMID 22454498.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
22. ^ Deans TL, Cantor CR, Collins JJ (2007). "A tunable genetic switch based on RNAi and repressor proteins for regulating gene expression in mammalian cells". Cell. 130 (2): 363–72. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2007.05.045. PMID 17662949. S2CID 7960766.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
23. ^ Cho JH, Collins JJ, Wong WW (2018). "Universal Chimeric Antigen Receptors for Multiplexed and Logical Control of T Cell Responses". Cell. 173 (6): 1426–1438.e11. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2018.03.038. PMC 5984158. PMID 29706540.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
24. ^ Cho JH, Okuma A, Sofjan K, Lee S, Collins JJ, Wong WW (2021). "Engineering advanced logic and distributed computing in human CAR immune cells". Nat Commun. 12 (1): 792. Bibcode:2021NatCo..12..792C. doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21078-7. PMC 7862674. PMID 33542232.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
25. ^ Pardee K, Green AA, Ferrante T, Cameron DE, DaleyKeyser A, Yin P; et al. (2014). "Paper-based synthetic gene networks". Cell. 159 (4): 940–54. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2014.10.004. PMC 4243060. PMID 25417167.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
26. ^ Pardee K, Green AA, Takahashi MK, Braff D, Lambert G, Lee JW; et al. (2016). "Rapid, Low-Cost Detection of Zika Virus Using Programmable Biomolecular Components". Cell. 165 (5): 1255–1266. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2016.04.059. PMID 27160350. S2CID 3278532.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
27. ^ de Puig H, Lee RA, Najjar D, Tan X, Soeknsen LR, Angenent-Mari NM; et al. (2021). "Minimally instrumented SHERLOCK (miSHERLOCK) for CRISPR-based point-of-care diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 and emerging variants". Sci Adv. 7 (32). Bibcode:2021SciA....7.2944D. doi:10.1126/sciadv.abh2944. PMC 8346217. PMID 34362739.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
28. ^ Karlikow M, da Silva SJR, Guo Y, Cicek S, Krokovsky L, Homme P; et al. (2022). "Field validation of the performance of paper-based tests for the detection of the Zika and chikungunya viruses in serum samples". Nat Biomed Eng. 6 (3): 246–256. doi:10.1038/s41551-022-00850-0. PMC 8940623. PMID 35256758.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
29. ^ Nguyen PQ, Soenksen LR, Donghia NM, Angenent-Mari NM, de Puig H, Huang A; et al. (2021). "Wearable materials with embedded synthetic biology sensors for biomolecule detection". Nat Biotechnol. 39 (11): 1366–1374. doi:10.1038/s41587-021-00950-3. PMID 34183860. S2CID 235673261.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
30. ^ Pardee K, Slomovic S, Nguyen PQ, Lee JW, Donghia N, Burrill D; et al. (2016). "Portable, On-Demand Biomolecular Manufacturing". Cell. 167 (1): 248–259.e12. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2016.09.013. PMID 27662092. S2CID 8481521.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
31. ^ Warren L, Manos PD, Ahfeldt T, Loh YH, Li H, Lau F; et al. (2010). "Highly efficient reprogramming to pluripotency and directed differentiation of human cells with synthetic modified mRNA". Cell Stem Cell. 7 (5): 618–30. doi:10.1016/j.stem.2010.08.012. PMC 3656821. PMID 20888316.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
32. ^ Kutz, Erin (October 4, 2010). "ModeRNA, Stealth Startup Backed By Flagship, Unveils New Way to Make Stem Cells". Xconomy, Inc.
33. ^ Hasty J, Pradines J, Dolnik M, Collins JJ (2000). "Noise-based switches and amplifiers for gene expression". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 97 (5): 2075–80. arXiv:physics/0003105. Bibcode:2000PNAS...97.2075H. doi:10.1073/pnas.040411297. PMC 15756. PMID 10681449.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
34. ^ Isaacs FJ, Hasty J, Cantor CR, Collins JJ (2003). "Prediction and measurement of an autoregulatory genetic module". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 100 (13): 7714–9. Bibcode:2003PNAS..100.7714I. doi:10.1073/pnas.1332628100. PMC 164653. PMID 12808135.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
35. ^ Blake WJ, KAErn M, Cantor CR, Collins JJ (2003). "Noise in eukaryotic gene expression". Nature. 422 (6932): 633–7. Bibcode:2003Natur.422..633B. doi:10.1038/nature01546. PMID 12687005. S2CID 4347106.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
36. ^ Blake WJ, Balázsi G, Kohanski MA, Isaacs FJ, Murphy KF, Kuang Y; et al. (2006). "Phenotypic consequences of promoter-mediated transcriptional noise". Mol Cell. 24 (6): 853–65. doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2006.11.003. PMID 17189188.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
37. ^ Ellis T, Wang X, Collins JJ (2009). "Diversity-based, model-guided construction of synthetic gene networks with predicted functions". Nat Biotechnol. 27 (5): 465–71. doi:10.1038/nbt.1536. PMC 2680460. PMID 19377462.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
38. ^ Guido NJ, Wang X, Adalsteinsson D, McMillen D, Hasty J, Cantor CR; et al. (2006). "A bottom-up approach to gene regulation". Nature. 439 (7078): 856–60. Bibcode:2006Natur.439..856G. doi:10.1038/nature04473. PMID 16482159. S2CID 4418558.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
39. ^ Yeung MK, Tegnér J, Collins JJ (2002). "Reverse engineering gene networks using singular value decomposition and robust regression". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 99 (9): 6163–8. Bibcode:2002PNAS...99.6163Y. doi:10.1073/pnas.092576199. PMC 122920. PMID 11983907.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
40. ^ Tegner J, Yeung MK, Hasty J, Collins JJ (2003). "Reverse engineering gene networks: integrating genetic perturbations with dynamical modeling". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 100 (10): 5944–9. Bibcode:2003PNAS..100.5944T. doi:10.1073/pnas.0933416100. PMC 156306. PMID 12730377.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
41. ^ Faith JJ, Hayete B, Thaden JT, Mogno I, Wierzbowski J, Cottarel G; et al. (2007). "Large-scale mapping and validation of Escherichia coli transcriptional regulation from a compendium of expression profiles". PLOS Biol. 5 (1): e8. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0050008. PMC 1764438. PMID 17214507.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
42. ^ Marbach D, Costello JC, Küffner R, Vega NM, Prill RJ, Camacho DM; et al. (2012). "Wisdom of crowds for robust gene network inference". Nat Methods. 9 (8): 796–804. doi:10.1038/nmeth.2016. PMC 3512113. PMID 22796662.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
43. ^ Gardner, TS; di Bernardo D; Lorenz D; Collins JJ (July 4, 2003). "Inferring genetic networks and identifying compound of action via expression profiling". Science. 301 (5629): 102–105. doi:10.1126/science.1081900. PMID 12843395. S2CID 8356492.
44. ^ di Bernardo, D; Thompson MJ; Gardner TS; Chobot SE; Eastwood EL; Wojtovich AP; Elliot SJ; Schaus SE; Collins JJ (March 2005). "Chemogenomic profiling on a genome-wide scale using reverse-engineered gene networks". Nature Biotechnology. 23 (3): 377–383. doi:10.1038/nbt1075. PMID 15765094. S2CID 16270018.
45. ^ Ergun, A; Lawrence CA; Kohanski MA; Brennan TA; Collins JJ (2007). "A network biology approach to prostate cancer". Molecular Systems Biology. 3 (1): 82. doi:10.1038/msb4100125. PMC 1828752. PMID 17299418.
46. ^ Kohanski, MA; Dwyer DJ; Hayete B; Lawrence CA; Collins JJ. (2007). "A common mechanism of cellular death induced by bactericidal antibiotics". Cell. 130 (5): 797–810. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2007.06.049. PMID 17803904. S2CID 1103795.
47. ^ Kohanski MA, Dwyer DJ, Wierzbowski J, Cottarel G, Collins JJ (2008). "Mistranslation of membrane proteins and two-component system activation trigger antibiotic-mediated cell death". Cell. 135 (4): 679–90. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2008.09.038. PMC 2684502. PMID 19013277.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
48. ^ Dwyer DJ, Camacho DM, Kohanski MA, Callura JM, Collins JJ (2012). "Antibiotic-induced bacterial cell death exhibits physiological and biochemical hallmarks of apoptosis". Mol Cell. 46 (5): 561–72. doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2012.04.027. PMC 3710583. PMID 22633370.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
49. ^ Foti JJ, Devadoss B, Winkler JA, Collins JJ, Walker GC (2012). "Oxidation of the guanine nucleotide pool underlies cell death by bactericidal antibiotics". Science. 336 (6079): 315–9. Bibcode:2012Sci...336..315F. doi:10.1126/science.1219192. PMC 3357493. PMID 22517853.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
50. ^ Brynildsen MP, Winkler JA, Spina CS, MacDonald IC, Collins JJ (2013). "Potentiating antibacterial activity by predictably enhancing endogenous microbial ROS production". Nat Biotechnol. 31 (2): 160–5. doi:10.1038/nbt.2458. PMC 3568245. PMID 23292609.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
51. ^ Dwyer DJ, Belenky PA, Yang JH, MacDonald IC, Martell JD, Takahashi N; et al. (2014). "Antibiotics induce redox-related physiological alterations as part of their lethality". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 111 (20): E2100-9. Bibcode:2014PNAS..111E2100D. doi:10.1073/pnas.1401876111. PMC 4034191. PMID 24803433.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
52. ^ Lobritz MA, Belenky P, Porter CB, Gutierrez A, Yang JH, Schwarz EG; et al. (2015). "Antibiotic efficacy is linked to bacterial cellular respiration". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 112 (27): 8173–80. Bibcode:2015PNAS..112.8173L. doi:10.1073/pnas.1509743112. PMC 4500273. PMID 26100898.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
53. ^ Allison KR, Brynildsen MP, Collins JJ (2011). "Metabolite-enabled eradication of bacterial persisters by aminoglycosides". Nature. 473 (7346): 216–20. Bibcode:2011Natur.473..216A. doi:10.1038/nature10069. PMC 3145328. PMID 21562562.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
54. ^ Meylan S, Porter CBM, Yang JH, Belenky P, Gutierrez A, Lobritz MA; et al. (2017). "Carbon Sources Tune Antibiotic Susceptibility in Pseudomonas aeruginosa via Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle Control". Cell Chem Biol. 24 (2): 195–206. doi:10.1016/j.chembiol.2016.12.015. PMC 5426816. PMID 28111098.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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56. ^ Kohanski, MA; DePristo MA; Collins JJ. (2010). "Sublethal antibiotic treatment leads to multidrug resistance via radical-induced mutagenesis". Molecular Cell. 37 (3): 311–320. doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2010.01.003. PMC 2840266. PMID 20159551.
57. ^ Lee, HH; Molla MN; Cantor CR; Collins JJ. (2010). "Bacterial charity work leads to population-wide resistance". Nature. 467 (7311): 82–85. Bibcode:2010Natur.467...82L. doi:10.1038/nature09354. PMC 2936489. PMID 20811456.
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64. ^ Golubitsky, Marty; Stewart, Ian; Buono, Pietro-Luciano; Collins, James J. (1999). "Symmetry in locomotor central pattern generators and animal gaits". Nature. 401 (6754): 693–5. Bibcode:1999Natur.401..693G. doi:10.1038/44416. PMID 10537106. S2CID 14527573.
65. ^ Collins JJ, Chow CC, Imhoff TT (1995). "Stochastic resonance without tuning". Nature. 376 (6537): 236–8. Bibcode:1995Natur.376..236C. doi:10.1038/376236a0. PMID 7617033. S2CID 4314968.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
66. ^ Collins JJ, Imhoff TT, Grigg P (1996). "Noise-enhanced information transmission in rat SA1 cutaneous mechanoreceptors via aperiodic stochastic resonance". J Neurophysiol. 76 (1): 642–5. doi:10.1152/jn.1996.76.1.642. PMID 8836253.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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71. ^ Priplata, A; Niemi J; Harry J; Lipsitz LA; Collins JJ (October 4, 2003). "Vibrating insoles and balance control in elderly people". The Lancet. 362 (9390): 1123–1124. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14470-4. PMID 14550702. S2CID 33216209.
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## External links[edit]

* Collins Lab @ MIT
* Jim Collins' faculty webpage @ the Wyss Institute, Harvard University