Jammu and Kashmir Black Day

A Kashmir-related commemoration established by India in 2020

Jammu and Kashmir Black Day

Status| Observed
Date(s)| 22 October
Frequency| Annual
Country| India
Next event| 22 October 2024
Participants| Government of India, civil society, refugees
Major events| Awareness related events, posters, banners, hoardings, panel discussion, exhibitions, publications
Other names| Jammu and Kashmir Invasion Day

Jammu and Kashmir Black Day is an annual commemoration established in the Republic of India by the Narendra Modi-led government on 22 October 2020 with the stated aim of highlighting Pakistan's role in the 1947 Kashmir conflict, and to term it as an invasion and a "Black Day."[1][2] The creation of the day has been described as a move to counter Pakistan's narrative on Kashmir.[3]

## Description

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### Choice of date

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According to Indian sources, the invasion did not start on 22 October. The first skirmish, comprising 2 JAK Infantry, took place at Owen Pattan on 8–9 October 1947.[4] Sehnsa was attacked on 9 October, and the following days saw more skirmishes at different locations.[4] However, 22 October is the day of observance of the invasion due to the so-called importance of the Kashmir valley, the day the Instrument of Accession was signed, and political decisions taken.[4]

### Commemorative events and actions

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A number of awareness related events, including cultural event, have been held.[5][6] In 2020 a number of panel discussions were held, with panelists including Lt Gen (Retd) Syed Ata Hasnain and Amitabh Mattoo.[7] The Union Ministry of Culture and state government of Jammu and Kashmir mark the day with exhibitions and events.[7] In 2020, Raiders in Kashmir, a book written by Mohammed Akbar Khan, a retired major general of Pakistan Army, was republished.[8] Refugees also mark the day.[9][2]

## See also

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* Observances in Kashmir, Jammu related to the dispute
* 19 January— Jammu and Kashmir Exodus Day
* 5 February— Kashmir Solidarity Day
* 13 July— Kashmir Martyrs' Day
* A black day for some Kashmir related organizations
* 14 September— Martyrs' Day (Oregon)
* 22 October— Jammu and Kashmir Black Day (Invasion Day)
* 24 October— Azad Kashmir Day
* 26 October— Jammu and Kashmir Accession Day
* Other black days also observed by specific groups

## References

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1. ^ "October 22 as Black Day: When Pakistan invaded J&K to commit atrocities". Business Standard India. 22 October 2020. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
2. ^ a b "Pak role in Kashmir violence, terror and killings since 1947 to be highlighted on Oct 22". Hindustan Times. 17 October 2020. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
3. ^ Dutta, Prabhash K. (22 October 2020). "On October 22, 1947, Pakistan invaded Kashmir. Here is what happened". India Today. Retrieved 2 September 2024.
4. ^ a b c Raina, Col. (Retd.) Ajay K. (22 October 2021). "Invasion of J&K in 1947: Does the date matter?". mint. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
5. ^ "Kashmir to observe Oct 22 as 'Black Day' to mark Pak invasion of J&K in 1947". The Week. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
6. ^ Chaudhury, Dipanjan Roy (22 October 2021). "Bangladesh witnesses major protests against Pak action in Kashmir". The Economic Times. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
7. ^ a b Sharma, Neeta (21 October 2020). "India To Observe "Black Day" Tomorrow To Mark 1947 Pak-Backed Raid On J&K". NDTV.com. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
8. ^ Philip, Snehesh Alex (21 October 2020). "India to observe 22 October as 'Black Day' to highlight Pakistan's role in 1947 raid of J&K". ThePrint. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
9. ^ "PoK refugees observe October 22 as 'black day' in Jammu". Deccan Herald. 22 October 2021. Retrieved 17 November 2021.

* v
* t
* e

Kashmir conflict

* Timeline
* 1846–1946
* 1947–present

Wars and conflicts|

* Indo-Pakistani War of 1947–1948
* Indo-Pakistani War of 1965
* Indo-Pakistani War of 1971
* Siachen conflict
* Kargil War
* 2001–2002 India–Pakistan standoff
* 2008 Indo-Pakistani standoff
* 2019 India–Pakistan border skirmishes (media coverage)

Border skirmishes|

* 2011
* 2013
* 2014–2015
* 2016–2018
* 2016 Uri attack
* 2016 Baramulla attack
* 2016 Nagrota army base attack
* 2019
* 2020–2021

Operations|

* 1947 Poonch rebellion
* Operation Gibraltar
* Operation Grand Slam
* Operation Tupac
* Operation Bison
* Operation Eraze
* Operation All Out
* Operation Sarp Vinash
* Operation Sadbhavana (Goodwill)
* Operation Calm Down
* 2016 strike
* 2019 airstrike

Negotiations|

* Jinnah–Mountbatten talks
* UN mediation of the Kashmir dispute
* Simla Agreement

Bombings and massacres|

* 1947 Jammu massacres
* 2000 Amarnath pilgrimage massacre
* Chittisinghpura massacre
* 2001 Jammu and Kashmir legislative assembly car bombing
* 2001 Kishtwar massacre
* 2002 Raghunath temple attacks
* 2006 Srinagar bombings
* 2006 Doda massacre
* March 2013 Srinagar attack
* 2016 Uri attack
* 2017 Amarnath Yatra attack
* 2018 Sunjuwan attack
* 2019 Pulwama attack
* 2022 Srinagar bombing

Militant organisations|

* Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front
* Tehreek-e-Hurriyat
* Hizbul Mujahideen
* Lashkar-e-Taiba
* Jaish-e-Mohammed
* Harkat-ul-Mujahideen
* Harkat ul-Ansar
* Al-Badr (Jammu and Kashmir)
* Ansar Ghazwat-ul-Hind
* Dukhtaran-e-Millat
* Islamic State – Khorasan Province
* Tehreek-e-Azaadi Jammu and Kashmir
* United Jihad Council

Observances|

* 19 January— Jammu and Kashmir Exodus Day
* 5 February— Kashmir Solidarity Day
* 13 July— Kashmir Martyrs' Day
* 5 August— Youm-e-Istehsal
* 22 October— Jammu and Kashmir Black Day (Invasion Day)
* 24 October— Azad Kashmir Day
* 26 October— Jammu and Kashmir Accession Day

Related|

* Exodus of Kashmiri Hindus
* Insurgency
* Human rights abuses
* OHCHR reports on Kashmir
* Rape
* Ikhwan
* Crowd control
* Stone pelting
* Peacebuilding
* Women's rights
* Over ground workers (OGWs)
* Village Defence Committees

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