Jesus in Mandaeism

Jesus as portrayed in Mandaeism

Jesus (Ešu Mšiha)

Other names|

* Jesus the Messiah (Classical Mandaic: ࡏࡔࡅ ࡌࡔࡉࡄࡀ, romanized: Ešu Mšiha)
* Messiah (Classical Mandaic: ࡌࡔࡉࡄࡀ, romanized: Mšiha)

Symbol| Nbu (Mercury)
Parents| Miriai (mother)
Equivalents
Christian| Jesus
Islamic| ʿĪsā ibn Maryam
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In Mandaeism, Jesus (Classical Mandaic: ࡏࡔࡅ ࡌࡔࡉࡄࡀ, romanized: Ešu Mšiha, lit. 'Jesus the Messiah') or Mšiha (Classical Mandaic: ࡌࡔࡉࡄࡀ, romanized: Mšiha, lit. 'Messiah'; Modern Mandaic: Emšihā[1]) is mentioned in Mandaean texts such as the Ginza Rabba, Mandaean Book of John, and Haran Gawaita.[2] Mandaeans consider Miriai, a convert from Judaism to Mandaeism, to be the mother of Jesus, although her son is considered to be a false prophet.[2]

## Spellings

[edit]

The Mandaic name for "Jesus the Messiah" can be romanized as ʿšu Mšiha, Īšu Mšiha, or Ešu Mšiha due to varying transliterations of the Mandaic letter ࡏ. Mšiha can also be spelled Mshiha.

The Syriac equivalent in the Peshitta (e.g., in John 1:17) is Išuᶜ Mšiḥa (Classical Syriac: ܝܫܘܥ ܡܫܝܚܐ; with vowel signs: Yešūᶜ Məšīḥā ܝܶܫܽܘܥ ܡܫܺܝܚܳܐ).[3]

## In Mandaean texts

[edit]

In the Mandaean Book of John, Anush, an uthra from the World of Light who may be identified with Enosh, engages Jesus in dialogues and preaching competitions in Jerusalem.[2] In Mandaean texts, Jesus is typically portrayed as a false prophet who is not to be followed.[4]

In Right Ginza 2.1 (Book 2, Part 1), Jesus is associated with Nbu (the planet Mercury) and Orpheus (Mandaic: aurus). In Right Ginza 5.3, Jesus is also portrayed as one of the matarta guards, as he plays the role of a shepherd leading a congregation of souls resembling a flock of sheep.[5][4]

## See also

[edit]

* Jesuism
* Jesus in Manichaeism
* Jesus in Islam

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Häberl, Charles (2022). The Book of Kings and the Explanations of This World: A Universal History from the Late Sasanian Empire. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press. ISBN 978-1-80085-627-1.
2. ^ a b c Buckley, Jorunn Jacobsen (2002). The Mandaeans: ancient texts and modern people. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-515385-5. OCLC 65198443.
3. ^ "Dukhrana Analytical Lexicon of the Syriac New Testament". Dukhrana Biblical Research. 2021-02-13. Retrieved 2023-12-10.
4. ^ a b Gelbert, Carlos (2011). Ginza Rba. Sydney: Living Water Books. ISBN 978-0-9580346-3-0.
5. ^ Gelbert, Carlos (2023). The Key to All the Mysteries of Ginza Rba. Sydney: Living Water Books. ISBN 978-0-6487954-1-4.

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Mandaeism

People|

* Mandaeans
* Mandaean Americans
* Mandaean Australians
* Mandaeans in Sweden
* Sabians
* Nasoraeans

Historical identities|

* Essenes
* Gnostics
* Kentaeans

Priesthood|

| Titles|

* Rishama
* Ganzibra
* Tarmida
* (Shganda)

|

Individuals|

* (List of Mandaean priests)
* Shlama beth Qidra
* Zazai of Gawazta
* Anush bar Danqa
* Yahya Bihram
* Ram Zihrun
* Bibia Mudalal
* Abdullah Khaffagi
* Negm bar Zahroon
* Dakhil Aidan
* Abdullah bar Sam
* Abdullah bar Negm
* Sattar Jabbar Hilow
* Taleb Doraji
* Jabbar Choheili
* Najah Choheili
* Salah Choheili
* Khaldoon Majid Abdullah
* Sahi Bashikh
* Yuhana Nashmi
* Brikha Nasoraia
* Rafid al-Sabti
* Salwan Alkhamas

Institutions|

* Mandaean Council of Ahvaz
* Sabian Mandaean Association in Australia

Literature|

| Main texts|

* Ginza Rabba
* Right Ginza
* Left Ginza
* Mandaean Book of John

|

Prayers|

| Qulasta (list)|

* Sidra d-Nishmata (CP 1–103)
* Rushuma (CP 104)
* Asut Malkia (CP 105)
* Eniana
* Rahma
* Tabahatan (CP 170)
* Shal Shulta (CP 171)
* Shumhata (CP 173)
* King of Kings (CP 176)
* Kušṭa asiak (CP 178)
* Kd azil bhira dakia

|

Priestly texts|

* The Thousand and Twelve Questions
* Scroll of Exalted Kingship
* The Coronation of the Great Shishlam
* The Wedding of the Great Shishlam
* Alma Rišaia Rba
* Alma Rišaia Zuṭa
* Zihrun Raza Kasia
* Scroll of the Parwanaya
* Scroll of the Great Baptism
* Scroll of the Ancestors
* The Baptism of Hibil Ziwa
* Scroll of Abatur
* Dmut Kušṭa
* Secrets of the Ancestors
* Scroll of the Rivers
* Book of the Zodiac

Historical texts|

* Haran Gawaita

Apotropaic texts|

* Incantation bowls
* Lead rolls
* Pišra d-Ainia

Cosmology|

* Tibil
* Yardna

| World of Light|

* Hayyi Rabbi
* Shkina
* Piriawis
* Mshunia Kushta
* Tarwan
* Yasana

| Uthras|

* Yushamin
* Abatur
* Ptahil
* Hibil
* Shitil
* Anush
* Sam Ziwa
* Manda d-Hayyi
* Shilmai
* Nidbai
* Adathan and Yadathan
* Yufin-Yufafin
* Urfeil and Marfeil
* Tar and Tarwan
* Bihram
* Zihrun
* Etinsib Ziwa
* Nbat
* Nsab
* Gubran
* Shihlun
* Yura
* Yurba
* Yukabar
* Yukashar
* Yawar Ziwa
* Simat Hayyi
* Saureil

| Concepts|

* Anana
* Gufna
* Ziwa

|

Intermediary realms|

* Matarta
* Hitfun
* Shahrat
* Shatrin

World of Darkness|

* Sea of Suf
* Siniawis
* Mšiha

| Demons|

* Ruha
* Ur
* Krun
* Gaf
* Qin
* Anathan
* Shdum
* Giu
* Hag and Mag
* Zartai-Zartanai
* Zahreil

|

Planets|

* Shamish (Sun)
* Libat (Venus)
* Nbu (Mercury)
* Sin (Moon)
* Kiwan (Saturn)
* Bil (Jupiter)
* Nirig (Mars)

Important figures|

* Adam
* Seth
* Abel
* Enosh
* Noah
* Shem
* Miriai
* Elizabeth
* John the Baptist

Mythical figures|

* Dinanukht
* Shishlam
* Ezlat

Concepts|

* Kushta (truth)
* Manda (gnosis)
* Laufa (communion)
* Dmuta (image)
* Nishimta (soul)
* Ruha (spirit)
* Mana (mind)
* Adam Kasia (hidden Adam)
* Adam Pagria (bodily Adam)

Objects and symbols|

* Drabsha (banner)
* Misha (oil)
* Riha (incense)
* Skandola (talisman seal)
* Tariana (tray)

Ritual food and drink|

| Drinks|

* Mambuha
* Halalta
* Hamra

|

Foods|

* Pihta
* Fatira
* Sa

Meals|

* Dukrana
* Lofani
* Zidqa brikha

Clothing|

* Rasta (robe)
* Burzinqa (turban)
* Pandama (mouth-veil)
* Himiana (girdle)
* Margna (staff)
* Klila (wreath)
* Taga (crown)

Rituals and practices|

* Masbuta (baptism)
* Tamasha (triple ablution)
* Rishama (minor ablution)
* Masiqta (death mass)
* Qabin (wedding)
* Brakha (prayer)
* Sahduta (creed)
* Bshuma (name of God)
* Sauma (fasting)
* Zidqa (almsgiving)
* Naming

Buildings and structures|

* Mandi
* Baghdad Mandi
* Ganzibra Dakhil Mandi
* Yahya Yuhana Mandi
* Wallacia Mandi
* Shkinta
* Andiruna

Calendar|

| Feasts|

* Dehwa Rabba
* Feast of the Great Shishlam
* Dehwa Hanina
* Abu al-Haris
* Parwanaya
* Dehwa Daimana

|

Months|

* Daula
* Nuna
* ʿmbra
* Taura
* Ṣilmia
* Sarṭana
* Aria
* Šumbulta
* Qaina
* Arqba
* Hiṭia
* Gadia

Epochs|

* Adam and Eve
* Ram and Rud
* Shurbai and Sharhabeil
* Noah and Nuraita

Language|

* Mandaic
* Neo-Mandaic
* Alphabet
* Unicode block

Scholarly disciplines|

* Mandaean studies

Category  · Outline

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Jesus

* Outline
* List of topics

Chronology
of Jesus's life|

* Annunciation
* Nativity
* Virgin birth
* Date of birth
* Flight into Egypt
* Infancy (apocryphal)
* Christ Child
* Unknown years
* Baptism
* Temptation
* Apostles
* Selecting
* Ministry
* Disciples
* Sermon on the Mount/Plain
* Beatitudes
* Prayers
* Lord's Prayer
* Parables
* Miracles
* Transfiguration
* Homelessness
* Great Commandment
* Olivet Discourse
* Anointing
* Passion
* instruments
* Entry into Jerusalem
* Last Supper
* Farewell Discourse
* Agony in the Garden
* Betrayal
* Arrest
* Trial
* Crucifixion
* Sayings on the cross
* Instrument used
* True Cross
* Burial
* Tomb
* Resurrection
* Great Commission
* Ascension

New Testament|

* Gospels
* Matthew
* Mark
* Luke
* John
* Five Discourses of Matthew
* Gospel harmony
* Oral gospel traditions
* Historical background of the New Testament
* New Testament places associated with Jesus
* Names and titles of Jesus in the New Testament

Historical Jesus|

* Quest for the historical Jesus
* Historicity
* Sources
* Josephus
* Tacitus
* Mara bar Serapion
* Gospels
* Christ myth theory

Depictions|

* Bibliography
* Life of Christ in art
* Life of Christ Museum
* Statues
* Transfiguration

Christianity|

* Christ
* Christianity
* 1st century
* Christology
* Incarnation
* Person of Christ
* Pre-existence
* "I am"
* Relics
* Second Coming
* Session of Christ
* Son of God
* Cosmic Christ

In other faiths|

* Jesuism
* In comparative mythology
* Judaism
* In the Talmud
* Islam
* Ahmadiyya
* Baháʼí Faith
* Manichaeism
* Jesus the Splendour
* Mandaeism
* Master Jesus

Family|

* Genealogies
* Mary (mother)
* Joseph (legal father)
* Holy Family
* God the Father (alleged father)
* Panthera (alleged father)
* Brothers of Jesus
* Holy Kinship
* Anne (traditional maternal grandmother)
* Joachim (traditional maternal grandfather)
* Heli (paternal grandfather per Luke)
* Jacob (paternal grandfather per Matthew)
* Descendants
* Clopas (traditional uncle)

Related|

* Language of Jesus
* Interactions with women
* Mary Magdalene
* Mary, sister of Martha
* Christmas
* Easter
* Rejection of Jesus
* Criticism
* Mental health
* Race and appearance
* Sexuality and marital status
* Church of the Nativity
* Church of the Holy Sepulchre
* The Garden Tomb
* Shroud of Turin

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