Jizan

This article is about the city in Saudi Arabia. For the province named after the city, see Jazan Province. For other uses, see Jazan.

City in Jazan, Saudi Arabia

Jizan

جيزان

City

Jizan

Coordinates: 16°53′21″N 42°33′40″E﻿ / ﻿16.88917°N 42.56111°E﻿ / 16.88917; 42.56111
Country|  Saudi Arabia
Province| Jazan
Government

• Governor / Emir| Prince Mohammed Bin Nasser Bin Abdulaziz Al-Saud (Since 3 April 2001[1])
Elevation

| 40 m (130 ft)
Population

(2022 census)[2]

• City

| 173,919
• Metro

| 1,404,997 (Jizan region)
Time zone| UTC+3 (AST)
Website| www.jazan.gov.sa

Jizan (Arabic: جيزان, romanized: Jīzān) is a city and the capital of Jazan Province, which lies in the southwest corner of Saudi Arabia. Jizan is situated on the coast of the Red Sea and serves a large agricultural heartland that has a population of 173,919 as of 2022 and over 1.4 million, in the whole Jizan region. As the city is the capital of the region, it has a regional airport as well as the Jizan seaport. The area is noted for its high-quality production of fruits such as mangoes, figs, papayas, plums, and coffee.[3]

Jizan has one of the largest megaprojects market in the kingdom with significant infrastructure projects worth many billions of dollars. Saudi Aramco is building a 400,000 bpd refinery with associated terminal facilities on the Red Sea near the city, scheduled for completion in late 2018.[4]

## Economy

[edit]

In the early 20th century, Jizan was a major site for pearl fishing. When World War I began, trade declined, due to ships moving to Al Hudaydah.[5]

Today, ambitious projects in transport, renewable energy, tourism, and agricultural development are taking place in the Jizan region, particularly in Jazan Economic City, including a US$3 Billion aluminum smelter.[6]

### Jazan Refinery

[edit]

Jazan Refinery is a megaproject under construction and owned by Saudi Aramco. The Refinery will process heavy and medium crude oil to create liquefied petroleum gas, sulfur, asphalt, benzene, and paraxylene. It is expected to produce 400,000 barrels per day.[7]

## Transport

[edit]

Jazan Port and Jizan Regional Airport serve the city of Jizan.

## Ethnography

[edit]

The inhabitants of Jizan are Arab who mainly follow Sunni Islam with a small Zaydi minority.[8]

## Climate

[edit]

Jizan has a hot desert climate (Köppen: BWh) with a rainfall below 200 mm per year and an average annual temperature above 30 °C (86 °F). The weather is very hot all year round and its average annual temperature is one of the hottest in the world, as daily lows average over 20 °C (68 °F) and highs over 30 °C (86 °F) even in the mildest month of the year, while unlike a lot of tropical cities the summer is even noticeably warmer. It is very humid but parched in some months, making the weather volatile. Sandstorms are quite common in areas further from the sea.

The highest recorded temperature was 46.3 °C (115.3 °F) on 15 September 2006, while the lowest was 11.8 °C (53.2 °F) on 7 February 1993.[9]

Climate data for Jazan (1991-2020)

Month  | Jan  | Feb  | Mar  | Apr  | May  | Jun  | Jul  | Aug  | Sep  | Oct  | Nov  | Dec  | Year
Record high °C (°F)  | 34.0
(93.2)  | 34.9
(94.8)  | 38.1
(100.6)  | 43.6
(110.5)  | 44.0
(111.2)  | 43.1
(109.6)  | 42.3
(108.1)  | 45.3
(113.5)  | 46.3
(115.3)  | 43.0
(109.4)  | 42.3
(108.1)  | 38.0
(100.4)  | 46.3
(115.3)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)  | 30.7
(87.3)  | 31.2
(88.2)  | 32.9
(91.2)  | 35.4
(95.7)  | 37.7
(99.9)  | 38.4
(101.1)  | 38.3
(100.9)  | 38.0
(100.4)  | 38.0
(100.4)  | 36.5
(97.7)  | 34.0
(93.2)  | 31.8
(89.2)  | 35.2
(95.4)
Daily mean °C (°F)  | 26.3
(79.3)  | 26.9
(80.4)  | 28.4
(83.1)  | 30.8
(87.4)  | 32.7
(90.9)  | 33.8
(92.8)  | 33.9
(93.0)  | 33.4
(92.1)  | 33.1
(91.6)  | 31.5
(88.7)  | 29.3
(84.7)  | 27.3
(81.1)  | 30.6
(87.1)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)  | 22.0
(71.6)  | 22.9
(73.2)  | 24.4
(75.9)  | 26.6
(79.9)  | 28.4
(83.1)  | 30.1
(86.2)  | 30.5
(86.9)  | 29.8
(85.6)  | 29.0
(84.2)  | 26.7
(80.1)  | 24.8
(76.6)  | 22.9
(73.2)  | 26.5
(79.7)
Record low °C (°F)  | 14.9
(58.8)  | 11.8
(53.2)  | 16.3
(61.3)  | 18.8
(65.8)  | 19.1
(66.4)  | 23.0
(73.4)  | 21.0
(69.8)  | 19.0
(66.2)  | 20.0
(68.0)  | 20.3
(68.5)  | 18.3
(64.9)  | 17.0
(62.6)  | 11.8
(53.2)
Average precipitation mm (inches)  | 13.2
(0.52)  | 3.2
(0.13)  | 4.7
(0.19)  | 11.1
(0.44)  | 9.0
(0.35)  | 1.6
(0.06)  | 16.4
(0.65)  | 32.3
(1.27)  | 8.5
(0.33)  | 20.2
(0.80)  | 16.2
(0.64)  | 17.0
(0.67)  | 153.4
(6.04)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1 mm) | 1.2  | 0.5  | 0.6  | 0.7  | 0.6  | 0.4  | 1.3  | 2.9  | 1.2  | 1.8  | 1.1  | 1.2  | 13.5
Average relative humidity (%)  | 73  | 73  | 70  | 66  | 64  | 64  | 60  | 64  | 67  | 67  | 69  | 73  | 68
Source: World Meteorological Organization,[10] Jeddah Regional Climate Center (humidity 1985-2010)[11]

Jazan mean sea temperature[12] Jan  | Feb  | Mar  | Apr  | May  | Jun  | Jul  | Aug  | Sep  | Oct  | Nov  | Dec

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

26.8 °C (80.2 °F)  | 26.6 °C (79.9 °F)  | 27.6 °C (81.7 °F)  | 28.9 °C (84.0 °F)  | 30.7 °C (87.3 °F)  | 31.9 °C (89.4 °F)  | 31.5 °C (88.7 °F)  | 31.6 °C (88.9 °F)  | 32.0 °C (89.6 °F)  | 32.0 °C (89.6 °F)  | 30.5 °C (86.9 °F)  | 28.7 °C (83.7 °F)

## See also

[edit]

* Jazan Economic City
* List of cities and towns in Saudi Arabia
* Samtah

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "CTHM Issues Four Royal Decrees". Kuwait News Agency. Retrieved 19 May 2020.
2. ^ "Jazan Region". www.citypopulation.de. Retrieved 2024-02-03.
3. ^ "Fruit production in Jazan flourishes during Ramadan".
4. ^ "Aramco lets contracts for Jazan refinery, terminal". Oil & Gas Journal. Retrieved 11 February 2016.
5. ^ Prothero, G.W. (1920). Arabia. London: H.M. Stationery Office. p. 75.
6. ^ "$3bn Jazan aluminium smelter deal signed". Trade Arabia. Retrieved 11 February 2016.
7. ^ "Saudi Aramco, Air Products, and ACWA Power to form over $8 billion gasification/power joint venture at Jazan Economic City". www.saudiaramco.com. Retrieved 2019-05-24.
8. ^ "2019 Report on International Religious Freedom: Saudi Arabia". Office of International Religious Freedom. U.S. Department of State. "Pockets of Zaydis, members of another branch of Shia Islam, numbering a total of approximately 20,000, reside primarily in the provinces of Jizan and Najran along the border with Yemen"
9. ^ "Gizan, Saudi Arabia". Jeddah Regional Climate Center. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 24 August 2013.
10. ^ "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020 — Gizan". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved February 6, 2024.
11. ^ "Climate Data for Saudi Arabia". Jeddah Regional Climate Center. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved December 7, 2015.
12. ^ "Monthly Jazān water temperature chart". Seatemperatures.org. Retrieved 2014-01-20.

## External links

[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Jizan.

* Official site

* v
* t
* e

Jizan Region

Capital: Jizan

* Abu Hajar al A'la
* Abu Radif
* Abu `Arish
* Ad Dur`iyah
* Adh Dhagharir
* Ahad al Masarihah
* Al Badawi
* Al Badi'
* Al Hadrur
* Al Hanashah
* Al Harani
* Al Hasamah
* Al Hijfar
* Al Jadi
* Al Jaradiyah
* Al Jawah
* Al Jirbah
* Al Karbus
* Al Kawahilah
* Al Khadra, Jizan
* Al Kharabah, Jizan
* Al Kharadilah
* Al Khashabiyah
* Al Khubah
* Al Kirs
* Al Luqiyah
* Al Madaya
* Al Mahattah, Saudi Arabia
* Al Mali
* Al Marabi
* Al Mayasam
* Al Ma`arif
* Al Ma`ayin
* Al Qa'im, Saudi Arabia
* Al Quful
* Al Qurayb
* Al Quwah
* Al Wasili
* Al `Ulayin
* Al `Usaylah
* Al-Mubarakah
* An Najamiyah
* Ar Rukubah
* As Sirr, Saudi Arabia
* At Tuwal
* Bakhshat Yamani
* Farasan (city)
* Ghamrah, Saudi Arabia
* Ghawiyah
* Hamayyah
* Hamdah
* Hasim, Saudi Arabia
* Jizan
* Juha, Saudi Arabia
* Ka`lul
* Khabath Sa`id
* Khalfah
* Khatib, Saudi Arabia
* Khumsiyah
* Khushaym
* Mahatah
* Malgocta
* Mijannah
* Mukambal
* Mundaraq
* Muwassam
* Qitabir
* Quwayda'
* Rahwan
* Rawkhah
* Rownah
* Sadiliyah
* Sajid, Saudi Arabia
* Salamah
* Samitah
* Shi‘b adh Dhi’b
* Suq al layl, Jizan
* Harub
* Al Juwain

* v
* t
* e

Main Saudi Arabian cities by population

1,000,000 and more|

* Abha
* Dammam
* Hofuf
* Jeddah
* Khamis Mushait
* Mecca
* Medina
* Riyadh
* Taif

300,000-999,999|

* Al-Kharj
* Buraidah
* Ḥaʼil
* Hafar al-Batin
* Jubail
* Khobar
* Najran
* Qatif
* Tabuk

<300,000|

* Al Bahah
* Al Lith
* Al Majma'ah
* Al Qunfudhah
* Arar
* Abqaiq
* Bareq
* Bisha
* Dhahran
* Diriyah
* Duba
* Sakakah
* Jizan
* Khafji
* Ras Tanura
* Unaizah
* Yanbu' al Bahr

Source: cdsi.gov.sa

* v
* t
* e

Pre-Saudi states

Saudi-ruled|

* Emirate of Diriyah (1744–1818)
* Emirate of Nejd (1824–1891)
* Emirate of Riyadh (1902–1913)
* Emirate of Nejd and Hasa (1913–1921)
* Sultanate of Nejd (1921–1926)
* Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd (1926–1932)

Conquered|

* Emirate of Jabal Shammar
* Emirate of Asir
* Sharifate of Mecca
* Sheikdom of Upper Asir
* Kingdom of Hejaz
* Principality of Najran

16°53′21″N 42°33′40″E﻿ / ﻿16.88917°N 42.56111°E﻿ / 16.88917; 42.56111
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