Joe McDonald Ingraham

American judge

Joe McDonald Ingraham

Senior Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit
In office
July 31, 1973 – May 27, 1990
Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit
In office
December 18, 1969 – July 31, 1973
Appointed by| Richard Nixon
Preceded by| Seat established by 82 Stat. 184
Succeeded by| Thomas Gibbs Gee
Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas
In office
August 6, 1954 – December 31, 1969
Appointed by| Dwight D. Eisenhower
Preceded by| Thomas Martin Kennerly
Succeeded by| Carl Olaf Bue Jr.
Personal details
Born|

Joe McDonald Ingraham

(1903-07-05)July 5, 1903
Pawnee County, Oklahoma
Died| May 27, 1990(1990-05-27) (aged 86)
Houston, Texas
Education| National University School of Law (LLB)

Joe McDonald Ingraham (July 5, 1903 – May 27, 1990) was a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit and previously was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas. He is best known as being the judge who sentenced the then World Heavyweight Champion Muhammad Ali to the maximum 5-year sentence available for refusing to fight in the unpopular Vietnam War.

## Education and career[edit]

Born in Pawnee County, Oklahoma, Ingraham received a Bachelor of Laws from National University School of Law (now the George Washington University Law School) in Washington, D.C., in 1927. He was then in private practice in Stroud, Oklahoma until 1928, then in Fort Worth, Texas until 1935, and then in Houston, Texas from 1935 to 1942. He was in the United States Army Air Forces during World War II, from 1942 to 1946, reaching the rank of lieutenant colonel.[1] After the war, he returned to private practice in Houston until 1954.[2]

## Federal judicial service[edit]

On May 10, 1954, Ingraham was nominated by President Dwight D. Eisenhower to a seat on the United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas vacated by Judge Thomas Martin Kennerly. Ingraham was confirmed by the United States Senate on August 6, 1954, and received his commission the same day. His service terminated on December 31, 1969, due to his elevation to the Fifth Circuit.[2]

On December 2, 1969, President Richard Nixon nominated Ingraham for elevation to a new seat on the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit created by 82 Stat. 184. Confirmed by the Senate on December 17, 1969, Ingraham received his commission the following day. He assumed senior status on July 31, 1973, serving in that capacity until his death, on May 27, 1990, in Houston. He served additionally as a judge of the Temporary Emergency Court of Appeals from 1976 to 1988.[2]

## References[edit]

1. ^ Wilson, Steven Harmon. The Rise of Judicial Management in the U.S. District Court of Texas, 1955–2000, The University of Georgia Press, Athens, Georgia, page 51. ISBN 978-0-8203-2728-0.
2. ^ a b c Joe McDonald Ingraham at the Biographical Directory of Federal Judges, a publication of the Federal Judicial Center.

## Sources[edit]

* Joe McDonald Ingraham at the Biographical Directory of Federal Judges, a publication of the Federal Judicial Center.

Legal offices

Preceded by

Thomas Martin Kennerly

|  Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas
1954–1969  | Succeeded by

Carl Olaf Bue Jr.

Preceded by

Seat established by 82 Stat. 184

|  Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit
1969–1973  | Succeeded by

Thomas Gibbs Gee

Authority control databases

International|

* VIAF

Other|

* NARA