Johann Wilhelm Baier

German theologian (1647–1695)

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Key figures

Missionaries

* John Campanius
* Bartholomäus Ziegenbalg
* Hans Egede
* Johann Heinrich Callenberg
* Johann Phillip Fabricius
* Paul Henkel
* John Christian Frederick Heyer
* Karl Graul
* Martti Rautanen
* Wilhelm Sihler
* F. C. D. Wyneken
* Hans Paludan Smith Schreuder
* Lars Olsen Skrefsrud
* Ludwig Ingwer Nommensen
* Onesimos Nesib
* Paul Olaf Bodding
* Johann Flierl
* Christian Keyser
* Jens Christensen

Bible Translators

* Martin Luther
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* Kjell Magne Yri
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* Aster Ganno
* Kristian Osvald Viderø
* Jákup Dahl
* Bartholomäus Ziegenbalg

* Johann Phillip Fabricius

* William Tyndale
* John Rogers
* George Constantine
* Jozef Roháček
* Johannes Avetaranian
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* Ludvig Olsen Fossum
* Hans Egede / Paul Egede
* Otto Fabricius
* Nils Vibe Stockfleth
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* Sebastian Krelj
* Mikael Agricola

* Norwegian Bible Society
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* Samuel Ludwik Zasadius
* Stanislovas Rapolionis

* Laurentius Andreae
* Hans Tausen
* Olaf M. Norlie
* Jonas Bretkūnas
* Hans Paludan Smith Schreuder
* Antonio Brucioli
* Mikołaj Jakubica
* Matthias Bel
* Johann Ernst Glück
* William F. Beck

Theologians

* Martin Luther / Katharina von Bora
* Philip Melanchthon
* Johannes Bugenhagen
* Johannes Brenz
* Justus Jonas
* Hans Tausen
* Laurentius Petri
* Olaus Petri
* Mikael Agricola
* Matthias Flacius
* Martin Chemnitz
* Johann Gerhard
* Abraham Calovius
* Johannes Andreas Quenstedt
* Johann Wilhelm Baier
* Philipp Spener
* David Hollaz
* August Hermann Francke
* Henry Muhlenberg
* Lars Levi Laestadius
* Charles Porterfield Krauth
* C. F. W. Walther
* Søren Kierkegaard
* Albrecht Ritschl
* Wilhelm Herrmann
* F. W. Stellhorn
* Rudolf Otto
* Ernst Troeltsch
* Rudolf Bultmann
* Paul Tillich
* Hermann Sasse
* Dietrich Bonhoeffer
* Wolfhart Pannenberg
* Robert Jenson

* v
* t
* e

Johann Wilhelm Baier

Born| 11 November 1647
Died| 19 October 1695
Citizenship| Germany
Education| University of Altdorf

Johann Wilhelm Baier (11 November 1647 – 19 October 1695) was a German theologian in the Lutheran scholastic tradition. He was born at Nuremberg, and died at Weimar.

He studied philology, especially Oriental, and philosophy at Altdorf from 1664 to 1669, in which year he went to Jena and became a disciple of the celebrated Johannes Musäus, the representative of the middle party in the Syncretistic Controversy, whose daughter he married in 1674. Taking his doctor’s degree the same year, in 1675 he became professor of church history at the university, and lectured with great success on several different branches of theology.

In 1682 he was chosen to represent the Protestant side in the negotiations with the papal legate Nicolas Steno, bishop of Titiopolis, for reunion of the Churches. He was three times rector at Jena before he was called by the elector Frederick III, in 1694, as professor and provisional rector to the new university of Halle. Here his devotion to strict orthodoxy brought him into conflict with some of his colleagues, and the pietistic movement also gave him trouble, so that after a year he was glad to accept the combined positions of chief court preacher, superintendent, and pastor at Weimar — which, however, he held only a few months until his death.

He left a name in the history of theology, especially by his dogmatic compendium, which still preserves the early Protestant traditions among High Lutherans, especially in America. The Jena theologians, and Johannes Musaeus in particular, had been asked by Ernest the Pious to draw up such a work, to take the place of the antiquated Hutter, and Musæus urged his son-in-law to do it. The first edition appeared in 1686, the second, enlarged, in 1691, and it has been frequently reprinted since. It was commended for general use as a textbook by its method, its conciseness, and its absence of mere polemics. It was obviously, however, intended by its author as a vindication of the Jena theology, which had been sharply attacked from Wittenberg, and lay under some suspicion of syncretism. Its dependence upon Musæus is really the distinguishing feature of the book, which is largely a compilation from him. Baier’s other works include polemical writings against Erbermann, a convert to Roman Catholicism and a Jesuit, and against the Quakers; and three other compendiums, published after his death (1698), one of exegetical, and one of moral theology, as well as one of the history of dogma. His read significance lies in the fact that he handed on and popularized the theology of Musæus; and his work was continued by Buddeus, whom he left at Halle as professor of moral philosophy.

## References

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*  This article incorporates text from a publication in the public domain: Jackson, Samuel Macauley, ed. (1914). New Schaff–Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge (third ed.). London and New York: Funk and Wagnalls. `{{cite encyclopedia}}`: Missing or empty `|title=` (help)

## External links

[edit]

* The Works of Johann Wilhelm Baier (1647-1695)

* v
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Lutheran Orthodoxy

Early Orthodoxy|

* Acceptance of the Book of Concord
* Martin Chemnitz
* Jakob Andreae
* Nikolaus Selnecker
* David Chytraeus
* Matthias Hafenreffer
* Leonhard Hutter
* Aegidius Hunnius
* Stephan Praetorius

High Orthodoxy|

* Lutheran scholasticism
* Johann Gerhard
* Confessio Catholica
* Johannes Andreas Quenstedt
* Syncretistic Controversy
* Abraham Calovius
* Calov Bible
* Georgius Calixtus
* Nicolaus Hunnius
* Jesper Brochmand
* Salomo Glassius
* Johann Hülsemann
* Johann Conrad Dannhauer
* Johann Friedrich König
* Johannes Musaeus
* Johann Wilhelm Baier
* Thirty Years' War

| Adversaries|

* Jesuits
* Socinians
* Calvinists

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Late Orthodoxy|

* David Hollatz
* Martin Moller
* Johann Arndt
* Christian Scriver
* Valentin Ernst Löscher
* Johann Melchior Goeze
* Salzburg Protestants
* Landlers

| Adversaries|

* Pietists
* Wolffians
* Neologists
* German idealists

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