John Taylor (inventor)

British inventor, entrepreneur, horologist and philanthropist

John C. Taylor

OBE FREng

Taylor in 2008

Born|  (1936-11-25) 25 November 1936 (age 88)
Nationality| English
Citizenship| British
Alma mater| Corpus Christi College, Cambridge
Occupation(s)| British inventor, entrepreneur, horologist and philanthropist
Known for| Development of thermostatic controls
Construction of the Corpus Clock
Website| johnctaylor.com

John Crawshaw Taylor[1] OBE FREng (born 25 November 1936) is an English inventor, entrepreneur, horologist and philanthropist best known for his extensive research into electric kettles.

## Early life

[edit]

John C Taylor was born on 25 November 1936 in Buxton, Derbyshire to Eric Hardman Taylor (1904-1972) and Gwendolen Marjorie Jones (1904-1975). John had one older sister, Judith Sian Taylor (1934-2011).

When the Second World War commenced on 3 September 1939 it was decided that John would be sent to Canada along with his mother and sister. On 30 May 1940 they travelled to Montréal, Canada and settled in Belleville, Ontario until 28 January 1945 when they returned to England.

John was educated firstly at Belleville Kindergarten, then at Queen Alexandra School. Upon returning to England John studied at the Combs Village School. Following this John attended Holme Leigh Preparatory School before moving to the Isle of Man to attend King William's College. John was then accepted into Corpus Christi College, Cambridge from 1956 to 1959, where he graduated with a degree in Natural Sciences.

## Career

[edit]

After graduating in 1959 Taylor had planned to continue his studies further, however at the last moment the funding was pulled and reluctantly he joined his father Eric's company Otter Controls as a Graduate Trainee.[2] It is said that he "soon revealed himself to have inherited his father's inventive genius".[3]

When Eric Taylor died in 1971, his son took over as Chairman of Otter Controls.[3] He focused on the business of Castletown Thermostats, a subsidiary of Otter Controls, and in 1979 he split Castletown Thermostats and Otter Controls into two independent companies, with John Taylor becoming Chairman of Castletown.[4] Two years later, Castletown Thermostats changed its name to Strix Ltd, and in 1984, Eddie Davies was appointed as Chief Executive, with Taylor remaining Chairman.

Castletown Thermostats had started by making bimetallic thermostats for use in various industries. In the 1960s, the market for electric kettles was growing, and Castletown extended its manufacturing plant to produce and test a new device for controlling kettles.[3] During the 20 years from 1979 until 1999 in which Taylor and Davies led Strix, the company developed several successful product series, expanded worldwide,[5] sold over 200 million thermostat controls for electric kettles, and received several Queen's Awards and other awards.[4]

In 2001 Taylor received an Honorary Doctorate at UMIST and was made Visiting Professor of Innovation in recognition of over 150 patents in his own name.[2][3] He was also elected Honorary Fellow of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge.[1]

In 2000, in a bid to expand into the new growth market of coffee makers, Strix raised £50m of capital from HSBC Private Equity by selling 40% of its shares, valuing the company at £125m. This investment diluted Taylor's shareholding in Strix to 24%.[3][6] In 2005, ABN AMRO Capital led a leveraged buyout of Strix;[7] the value of the transaction was not disclosed. Today[when?], Strix employs 1000 people, holds over 600 patents, and turns over more than £100 million per year. Strix controls are incorporated into electric kettles from many leading manufacturers, and it is estimated that they are used over one billion times per day worldwide, by over 20% of the world's population.[4]

On 29 May 2018 Taylor was the subject of the BBC Radio 4 programme The Life Scientific.[8]

## Philanthropic activities

[edit]

Since his retirement in 1999,[5] Taylor focussed on using his wealth to support educational institutions in the UK. His 'generous donation' enabled the creation of the STRIX Centre for Manufacturing at UMIST which opened in 2003.[4] He has also been a very active benefactor of his former Cambridge college, Corpus Christi, by contributing £2.5m[9] towards the construction of a new student library, the Taylor Library[10] as well as funding numerous undergraduate and postgraduate scholarships and bursaries.[11][12][13] In 2017, the Royal Academy of Engineering named their newly refurbished Enterprise Hub after Taylor, in recognition of his donation that enabled the project.[14]

He was appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in the 2011 New Year Honours for services to business and horology.[15]

## Horology and the Chronophage clocks

[edit]

Taylor attracted public attention in September 2008 when the Corpus Clock, also known as the Chronophage, was installed on the outer wall of the Taylor Library of Corpus Christi College and unveiled by Stephen Hawking.[16] John Taylor spent £1m of his own money in the construction of the Corpus Clock and gave it as a gift to the college.[9]

The second in the series, the Midsummer Chronophage, depicts a science-fiction fly and was exhibited at the Saatchi Gallery, the Science Museum, London[17] and the National Museum of Scotland.[18] Like the Corpus Chronophage, its face is made from 24-carat gold plate on stainless steel.

The third is the Dragon Chronophage, exhibited in Shanghai on 27–30 March 2015 as part of Design Shanghai, China's premier design event. It features a Chinese dragon which appears to swallow a pearl every hour.[19]

The fourth Chronophage is a private commission, and its details are currently[when?] being kept secret at the customer's request.[citation needed]

There are features that are common to all of the Chronophage clocks. They are all designed to show the grasshopper escapement, part of a conventional clock mechanism that was invented by John Harrison. The grasshopper escapement, which is usually internal, is externalised and appears to drag the escape wheel around the rim of the clock.

When building the Corpus Chronophage, Taylor found that the inertia issues presented by such a large grasshopper escapement made the mechanism unworkable. With reference to this problem, he has said, "We had to turn a disaster into an advantage. Our efforts to prevent the amplitude of the pendulum from increasing led us to the idea of running both fast and slow and correcting them." The final outcome was a mechanical clock that is assisted by mechanical controls and a periodic signal from the atomic clock at the UK's National Physical Laboratory.[20] All of the Chronophage clocks use this method of telling time, which allows Taylor to explore the concept of relative time as theorised by Albert Einstein.

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b John Taylor in the Directory of Fellows of Corpus Christi College, archived from the original on 19 November 2004, retrieved 21 September 2008
2. ^ a b Annual Report 2001-2002 (PDF), Manx Electric Authority, archived from the original (PDF) on 7 June 2013, retrieved 21 September 2008
3. ^ a b c d e "Company". Strix Ltd. Retrieved 25 March 2023.
4. ^ a b c d History of Strix, Strix Ltd, archived from the original on 22 December 2014
5. ^ a b History of Strix, Strix Ltd, archived from the original on 26 September 2008, retrieved 21 September 2008
6. ^ "HSBC Private Equity acquires a stake in Strix Group" (Press release). Montagu Private Equity. Retrieved 21 September 2008.
7. ^ "Strix LBO reaches boiling point" (Press release). ABN AMRO Capital. 22 April 2005. Archived from the original on 26 September 2008. Retrieved 21 September 2008.
8. ^ "John Taylor on being an inventor, The Life Scientific - BBC Radio 4". BBC. Retrieved 29 May 2018.
9. ^ a b Kennedy, Maev (18 September 2008), Beware the time-eater: Cambridge University's monstrous new clock, London: guardian.co.uk, retrieved 20 September 2008
10. ^ Taylor Library on Corpus Christi College website, archived from the original on 25 May 2008, retrieved 21 September 2008
11. ^ Admissions: Scholarships, Corpus Christi College admissions office, archived from the original on 31 March 2008, retrieved 21 September 2008
12. ^ Kleppmann, M, The Chronophage and a story about John Taylor, archived from the original on 24 September 2008, retrieved 21 September 2008
13. ^ Jardine, Lisa (26 September 2008), Inventing the basics, BBC News Magazine, retrieved 30 September 2008
14. ^ Shott, Ian. "Enterprise Hub - Welcome to the Taylor Centre – a new home for the Hub". Enterprise Hub. Royal Academy of Engineering. Archived from the original on 18 January 2017. Retrieved 16 January 2017.
15. ^ "No. 59647". The London Gazette (Supplement). 31 December 2010. p. 12.
16. ^ Hawking unveils 'strangest clock', bbc.co.uk, 19 September 2008, retrieved 19 September 2008
17. ^ Edwards, Mark (10 November 2011), 'Time-Eater' clock on display at Saatchi gallery, London: bbc.co.uk, retrieved 11 March 2015
18. ^ Midsummer Chronophage displayed at National Museum of Scotland, Edinburgh: bbc.co.uk, 24 May 2012, retrieved 11 March 2015
19. ^ Corpus clock inventor creates new dragon chronophage to be exhibited in Shanghai, Edinburgh: cambridge-news.co.uk, 24 May 2012, retrieved 11 March 2015
20. ^ Malcolmson, James (March 2014), Consumed by Time, robbreport.com, retrieved 11 March 2015