Journey to the West (soundtrack)

2008 soundtrack album by Monkey

Journey to the West

Soundtrack album by

Monkey

Released| 18 August 2008
Genre|

* Opera
* electronic
* experimental
* contemporary classical
* art pop

Length| 49:49
Label| XL
Producer| Damon Albarn
Damon Albarn chronology
| D-Sides
(2007)  | Journey to the West
(2008)  | Midlife: A Beginner's Guide to Blur
(2009)

|
|

Journey to the West is the soundtrack to the stage musical Monkey: Journey to the West and is composed by English musician Damon Albarn (of Blur and Gorillaz fame) with the UK Chinese Ensemble. The soundtrack is based upon the musical, but is not a direct recording of it. The album was released as a download, CD, and double vinyl LP in the United Kingdom on 18 August 2008 by XL Recordings. In the United States, the album was released a day later as a download, while a CD was released on 23 September 2008.[1]

## Background

[edit]

Damon Albarn made a point in an interview with Gorillaz-Unofficial that the Monkey project was supposed to be "Gorillaz, really. But we can't call it that for legal reasons".[2] Speaking of his decision to compose music for an opera, Albarn noted that, "This is composition, not songwriting, of course, I was apprehensive at first. But people who come from my normal discipline don't tend to go far enough. We want to bring more flavour to people's lives. And demystify opera to a degree, destroy its elitist angle. Then for people who do like opera, open them up to new forms of music, too. We want to bring a big cornerstone of Chinese culture and present it to the West. If we can do that, then we've succeeded."[3]

Chen Shi-Zheng, the man responsible for creating and conceiving the stage adaptation of Monkey: Journey to the West, explained that he "was looking for someone young and smart to work with. I didn't want to give Damon or Jamie too specific a brief because what was important in this project was that it was their sensibility we wanted. What Damon and I did agree on straightaway was that we didn't want pastiche Chinese music and on the last trip we made he found something he could latch on to."[3]

Chen took Albarn and Hewlett to China up to five times,[4] Hewlett claimed that "we spent three years working on the opera, we totally immersed ourselves in Chinese culture."[5] 18 months after starting work on the project, Albarn produced his first piece called "Heavenly Peach Banquet" which was a take on the style of music performed by female C-pop acts.[4] Talking about the piece, Chen said that "I find it very humorous, Hong Kong pop is so pretty and naïve. This is Damon pretending to be naïve and you are laughing at him. Messy is a bad word, but he took a melody, messed it around and put noises into it, twisted and processed the sound so that none of it is as it seems."[4]

In order to compose the music, Albarn made a habit of strictly using the Chinese pentatonic scale with the aid of a system he used consisting of five- and seven-pointed stars which he stuck to his soundboard and that he would rotate (supposedly at random) to produce unexpected combinations of notes. The decision to use this method came about after Albarn had been analysing the five-point communist star.[6]

Talking about the sound that he was aiming for, Albarn stated that, "it's very much a modern piece, it's not trying to evoke the time of legend at all. It's very much in sort of downtown Beijing, Shanghai or Tokyo. It's very much the modern Asia: slightly kooky, very colourful, quite sexy, but still a quite sinister place."[4]

Albarn's orchestra included Chinese instruments such as the pipa (sometimes called the Chinese lute) and the Ondes Martenot, which is an early electronic musical instrument invented in 1928. In addition to the large variety of instruments used, Albarn, with the help of his collaborators, managed to invent his own instrument which he named the "klaxophone", which features car-horns attached to a musical keyboard, and was purpose-built for the production by artist Gavin Turk with the intention to reproduce the sounds of China's roads.[7]: 65

Backing up his decision to release the production's musical score, Albarn explained that "I wanted to put the album out so that there is a record, literally, of how I think of it in my head, but the music should stand alone because none of it was composed as an accompaniment to action. I wasn't going to start making music that drives the narrative, because that's just naff; it becomes like film music or cartoon music. 'Now they're running.' You can't really work like that. I just wrote an awful lot of music and slowly kind of put it together."[4]

The album features a track which shares its name with the national anthem of the People's Republic of China, March of the Volunteers, the piece is in fact an alternative, upbeat version of the anthem. The Japanese edition of the album features two bonus tracks, one of which is titled "Journey to Beijing" which was used by the BBC alongside Hewlett's animation as a promotional link for its Olympics coverage.[4]

Two special editions box sets of the album were released. The "Deluxe" box set contains a 68-page booklet as well as a poster. It was originally limited to 2500 copies but has been repressed since then. The "Art" box set contains six exclusive tracks ("5 Point Star", "Living Sea Introduction", "The Dragon Queen", "Buddha's Palm", "Monk's Funeral" and "Volcano"). It was priced at £255 and was limited to 2000 copies. It also features an 80-page hardback book and four art prints (one of which was signed by Jamie Hewlett). Additionally the first 500 orders also received a special Monkey Om Box which plays pieces of music composed by Damon Albarn.[8]

### Promotion

[edit]

Two tracks were performed live on 7 October 2008 on Later...With Jools Holland.

## Reception

[edit]

### Commercial performance

[edit]

Journey to the West entered the UK Albums Chart at #5 on release, entirely in Mandarin, it became the first album of its kind to chart in the United Kingdom.[9] It also reached #1 on the UK Indie Chart.[10] Overall the album spent four weeks in the UK's Top 100 Albums, two of which were in the Top 40.[11] The track "Monkey Bee" managed to enter the Top 200 of the UK Singles Chart – on downloads alone – at #196.[12]

### Critical response

[edit]

Professional ratingsAggregate scores

Source| Rating
Metacritic| 69/100[13]
Review scores
Source| Rating
AllMusic| [14]
ChartAttack| [15]
The Guardian| [16]
Pitchfork Media| 7.8/10[17]
MusicOMH| [18]
NME| [19]
IGN| [20]
Q| [13]
The Skinny| [21]
The Times| [22]

The album met with generally positive reviews, based on an aggregate score of 69/100 from Metacritic, who listed 0 out of the 13 available reviews as "negative".[13] IGN gave the album an overall score of 9.5 (out of 10) and states "mixing Asian melodies with western electronic sounds is certainly nothing new, but the Monkey project is a broad collaboration with some of the most talented performers in Chinese opera, and the resulting mélange is appreciably more authentic than your average world beat record" and adds "the score ranks as the best rock opera ever written and deserves a place among the most audacious modern operas, regardless of genre. This is a brilliant and challenging composition that deserves to be celebrated."[20] The Times writer Robert Sandall awarded the album 5 stars out of 5, claiming that, "Albarn has really gone the distance in trying to master the indigenous pentatonic scale without abandoning the playful spirit he brought to Gorillaz." while viewing the album as sitting "roughly equidistant between East/West fusion pop and a contemporary classical work such as Adams's Nixon in China."[22] URB echoed these thoughts, stating that "Monkey: Journey to the West is a testament to Albarn's versatility as a musician and his melodies' ability to avoid becoming losing their power in translation."[13] The Guardian gave the album four stars and insisted that "You can go a fair distance without encountering a tune, which is less of a problem when there is something to look at. But even during the occasional longueurs, it's hard not to marvel at the ambition on display here, hard to think of anyone who would dare attempt something similar, and impossible to imagine someone else pulling it off with more aplomb."[13]

However, Keith McDonnell of MusicOMH, gave a rather mixed review of the record itself, rewarding it 2 stars out of 5 and viewing the release as "disappointing on every conceivable level" and states the album pales in comparison to the stage musical itself "I'd totally succumbed to its charm in the theatre, but I'd advise anyone approaching this CD to do so with caution, especially if you've not seen it in its glory in the theatre where it belongs."[18] Online music and film webzine Tiny Mix Tapes questioned the album's appeal, commenting that, "Albarn's thirst for musical adventure is commendable, but unless you're obsessed with his every move or have been dreaming of the day a former Brit pop king fuses the sensibilities of Eastern opera and Western pop, Monkey just doesn't warrant your full attention."[13] PopMatters writer Marc A. Price was slightly more positive, rewarding a 5/10 rating, while writing that "Other pop fans are more likely to see through the emperor's new clothes and call this for what it is: mostly weak but with a couple of monkey magic moments."[23]

Despite Albarn's intentions for the album's music to "stand alone", Pitchfork Media pointed out that, "The project still has the feel of an accompanying piece, with titles referencing the dramatization of the Chinese story and plenty of incidental music," although it was also noted that the album "works on a satisfying level as an experimental work or as art-pop."[13]

Stephen Thomas Erlewine of AllMusic gave it 3½ out of 5 stars and wrote that, "Journey to the West is perhaps best experienced on-stage, as it was meant to be heard in tandem with Chen Shi-Zheng and Hewlett's visuals, but heard as its own work, it's hard not to admire, if not exactly embrace, Albarn's achievement here, as his work is not only ambitious, it is serious and understated, the work of a true composer."[14]

## Track listing

[edit]

No.| Title| Length

|
|

1.| "Monkey's World"| 2:34
2.| "Monkey Travels"| 0:45
3.| "Into the Eastern Sea"| 0:35
4.| "The Living Sea"| 1:54
5.| "The Dragon King"| 2:19
6.| "Iron Rod"| 1:06
7.| "Out of the Eastern Sea"| 1:05
8.| "Heavenly Peach Banquet"| 3:32
9.| "Battle in Heaven"| 3:30
10.| "O Mi To Fu"| 0:57
11.| "Whisper"| 2:17
12.| "Tripitaka's Curse"| 1:22
13.| "Confessions of a Pig"| 3:21
14.| "Sandy the River Demon"| 2:16
15.| "March of the Volunteers"| 1:52
16.| "The White Skeleton Demon"| 1:34
17.| "Monk's Song"| 1:46
18.| "I Love Buddha"| 2:43
19.| "March of the Iron Army"| 2:45
20.| "Pigsy in Space"| 2:16
21.| "Monkey Bee"| 5:01
22.| "Disappearing Volcano"| 6:09
Total length:| 49:49

## Release history

[edit]

Country  | Date  | Label  | Format  | Catalogue number

|
|
|
|

United Kingdom | 18 August 2008  | XL Recordings | Download | XLDL 388
CD | XLCD 388[24]
25 August 2008  | The Vinyl Factory  | LP box set | VF001
United States | 19 August 2008  | XL Recordings  | Download  |
23 September 2008  | CD  | XL-388-2[1]

## Chart performance

[edit]

Chart (2008)  | Peak
position

|

France (SNEP)  | 69
UK Albums (The Official Charts Company)  | 5

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b "Journey to the West by Monkey". Beggars Group. Archived from the original on 10 February 2012. Retrieved 26 August 2008.
2. ^ Jamie Hewlett : The Gorillaz-Unofficial 2008 Interview Archived 27 March 2010 at the Wayback Machine
3. ^ a b Gorillaz-Unofficialwrote, 2007-07-09 13:56:00 Gorillaz-Unofficial gorillaz_news 2007-07-09 13:56:00. "Monkey documentary (interviews with Damon and Jamie, includes some Gorillaz mentions)". gorillaz-news.livejournal.com. Archived from the original on 25 December 2012.`{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
4. ^ a b c d e f Gorillaz become 'Monkey' – interview Archived 5 May 2010 at the Wayback Machine
5. ^ "Home". Radio Times. Archived from the original on 11 February 2009. Retrieved 3 September 2020.
6. ^ "Damon and Jamies Excellent Adventure 2007 (5/10)". YouTube. Archived from the original on 21 December 2021.
7. ^ Monkey, Journey to the West (theatre programme). Paris: Mairie de Paris. 2007.
8. ^ "Damon Albarn – Monkey: Journey to the West – album info". vblurpage.com. Archived from the original on 17 July 2011. Retrieved 23 June 2011.
9. ^ "Monkey: Journey to the West arrives at The O2". Archived from the original on 2 October 2011.
10. ^ "The Official UK Albums Chart for the week ending 30 August 2008". ChartsPlus (366). Milton Keynes: IQ Ware Ltd: 5–8.
11. ^ "journey to the west | full Official Chart History | Official Charts Company". officialcharts.com.
12. ^ "The Official UK Singles Chart for the week ending 30 August 2008". ChartsPlus (366). Milton Keynes: IQ Ware Ltd: 1–4.
13. ^ a b c d e f g "Journey to the West by Monkey". Metacritic.
14. ^ a b "Journey to the West – Monkey | Songs, Reviews, Credits | AllMusic". AllMusic.
15. ^ Gordon, Cameron (22 September 2008). "Monkey". Chart Attack. Archived from the original on 2 February 2009.
16. ^ Petridis, Alexis (8 August 2008). "CD: Pop opera review: Monkey, Journey to the West | Pop and rock". The Guardian.
17. ^ Plagenhoef, Scott (25 September 2008). "Journey to the West". Pitchfork. Archived from the original on 28 September 2008.
18. ^ a b "musicOMH – Monkey: Journey to the West". Archived from the original on 27 March 2012.
19. ^ "Various Artists". NME. 14 August 2008.
20. ^ a b "IGN – Monkey – Journey to the West Review". Archived from the original on 21 March 2012. Retrieved 11 July 2011.
21. ^ Brown, Ally (9 September 2008). "Monkey - Journey to the West". The Skinny.
22. ^ a b Sandall, Robert (17 August 2008). "Monkey: Journey to the west: Damon Albarn The Sunday Times review". The Times. Retrieved 2 October 2023.
23. ^ PopMatters – Monkey: Journey to the West
24. ^ "Monkey – Journey to the West CD". XL Recordings. Archived from the original on 12 February 2009. Retrieved 24 December 2009.

## External links

[edit]

* Journey to the West at AllMusic
* Journey to the West at Discogs (list of releases)
* Journey to the West at Metacritic

* v
* t
* e

Damon Albarn

Discography

Studio albums|

* Everyday Robots
* The Nearer the Fountain, More Pure the Stream Flows

Collaborations|

* Mali Music
* The Good, the Bad & the Queen
* Kinshasa One Two
* Rocket Juice & the Moon
* Maison Des Jeunes
* Merrie Land

Soundtracks|

* Ravenous
* 101 Reykjavík
* Journey to the West

Extended plays|

* Democrazy
* Leave-Taking

Singles|

* "Herculean"
* "Kingdom of Doom"
* "Green Fields"
* "Everyday Robots"
* "Lonely Press Play" / "Hollow Ponds"
* "Mr Tembo"
* "Heavy Seas of Love"

Other songs|

* "The Selfish Giant"
* "You and Me"
* "Photographs (You Are Taking Now)"

Theatre|

* Monkey: Journey to the West
* Dr Dee
* Wonder.land

Related articles|

* Blur
* Gorillaz
* The Good, the Bad & the Queen
* Demon Strings
* Honest Jon's
* Olly and Suzi

* v
* t
* e

Wu Cheng'en's Journey to the West

Characters|

* Sun Wukong
* Tang Sanzang
* Zhu Bajie
* Sha Wujing
* White Dragon Horse
* Red Boy
* Baigujing
* Xiezijing
* Zhizhujing
* Huangmei Dawang
* Princess Iron Fan
* Bull Demon King
* Six-Eared Macaque
* Heifeng Guai
* Zhenyuan Daxian
* Puti Zushi

Films|

| Animated|

* Princess Iron Fan (1941)
* Alakazam the Great (1960)
* Havoc in Heaven (1961)
* Starzinger (1979)
* The Monkey King Conquers the Demon (1985)
* Doraemon: The Record of Nobita's Parallel Visit to the West (1988)
* Saiyuki: Requiem (2001)
* Monkey King vs. Er Lang Shen (2007)
* Monkey King: Hero Is Back (2015)
* The Monkey King (2023)

|

Live action|

* The Cave of the Silken Web (1927)
* Princess Iron Fan (1966)
* The Cave of the Silken Web (1967)
* A Chinese Odyssey (1995)
* A Chinese Tall Story (2005)
* Saiyūki (2007)
* The Forbidden Kingdom (2008)
* Journey to the West: Conquering the Demons (2013)
* The Monkey King (2014)
* The Monkey King 2 (2016)
* A Chinese Odyssey Part Three (2016)
* Journey to the West: The Demons Strike Back (2017)
* Wu Kong (2017)
* The Monkey King 3 (2018)

Television|

| Animated|

* Gokū no Daibōken (1966)
* Science Fiction Saiyuki Starzinger (1978)
* Monkey Magic (1998)
* Journey to the West: Legends of the Monkey King (1998)
* Saiyūki (1999)
* Shinzo (2000)
* Monkey Typhoon (2002)
* Patalliro Saiyuki! (2005)
* Lego Monkie Kid (2020)
* SD Gundam World Heroes (2021)

|

Live action|

* Monkey (1978)
* Journey to the West (1986)
* Journey to the West (1996)
* Journey to the West II (1996)
* Sunny Piggy (2000)
* The Monkey King (2001)
* The Monkey King: Quest for the Sutra (2002)
* Saiyūki (2006)
* Journey to the West (2010)
* Wu Cheng'en and Journey to the West (2010)
* Journey to the West (2011)
* A Korean Odyssey (2017)
* The New Legends of Monkey (2018)

Stage|

* Monkey: Journey to the West (play)

Manga and comics|

* Patalliro Saiyuki! (1978)
* Starzinger (1979)
* Dragon Ball (1984)
* Saiyūki (1997)
* The Monkey King (1998)
* Shinzo (2000)
* Monkey Typhoon (2001)
* Xin (2003)
* American Born Chinese (2006)
* Saint

Games|

* Ether Saga Odyssey
* Enslaved: Odyssey to the West
* Fantasy Westward Journey
* Ganso Saiyūki: Super Monkey Daibōken
* Legend of Wukong
* Monkey Hero
* Monkey King: Hero Is Back
* Monkey Magic
* Saiyuki: Journey West
* SonSon
* Westward Journey Online II
* Whomp 'Em
* Yūyūki
* Black Myth: Wukong

Literature|

* Monkey (1942 novel)
* Griever: An American Monkey King in China (1986 novel)
* Tripmaster Monkey (1989 novel)
* Four Great Classical Novels

Places|

* Gao Village
* Mount Huaguo
* Shuilian Cave
* Tongtian River
* Liusha River

Other|

* List of media adaptations of Journey to the West
* Monkey King Festival
* Ruyi Jingu Bang
* Journey to the West (2008 soundtrack)

Authority control databases |

* MusicBrainz release group

|

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