Ka (kana)

For the Chinese character, see 力.

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Character of the Japanese writing system

|  Hiragana
|  Katakana

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Transliteration| ka
Translit. with dakuten| ga
Translit. with handakuten| (nga)
Hiragana origin| 加
Katakana origin| 加
Man'yōgana| 可 何 加 架 香 蚊 迦
Voiced man'yōgana| 我 何 賀
Spelling kana| 為替のカ
(Kawase no "ka")
kana gojūon

| wa| ra| ya| ma| ha| na| ta| sa| ka| a

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wi| ri| (yi)| mi| hi| ni| chi| shi| ki| i
(wu)| ru| yu| mu| fu| nu| tsu| su| ku| u
we| re| (ye)| me| he| ne| te| se| ke| e
wo| ro| yo| mo| ho| no| to| so| ko| o
| | | n| | | | | |
Kana modifiers and marks

* sokuonfu (gemination)
* yōon (palatalization)
* chōonpu (vowel lengthener)
* Iteration marks
* dakuten/handakuten (voiced & semi-voiced marks)

Multi-moraic kana

* iu
* kashiko
* koto
* sama
* shite
* toki
* tomo
* nari
* mairasesoro
* yori

* v
* t
* e

Ka (hiragana: か, katakana: カ) is one of the Japanese kana, which each represent one mora. Both represent [ka]. The shapes of these kana both originate from 加.

The character can be combined with a dakuten, to form が in hiragana, ガ in katakana and ga in Hepburn romanization. The phonetic value of the modified character is [ɡa] in initial positions and varying between [ŋa] and [ɣa] in the middle of words.

A handakuten (゜) does not occur with ka in normal Japanese text, but it may be used by linguists to indicate a nasal pronunciation [ŋa].

か is the most commonly used interrogatory particle. It is also sometimes used to delimit choices.

が is a Japanese case marker, as well as a conjunctive particle. It is used to denote the focus of attention in a sentence, especially to the grammatical subject.

Form  | Rōmaji | Hiragana | Katakana

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Normal k-
(か行 ka-gyō)  | ka | か  | カ
kaa
kā | かあ, かぁ
かー  | カア, カァ

Addition of dakuten g-
(が行 ga-gyō)  | ga | が  | ガ
gaa
gā | があ, がぁ
がー  | ガア, ガァ

## Stroke order

[edit]

Stroke order in writing か | Stroke order in writing カ

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Stroke order in writing か

The Hiragana か is made with three strokes:

1. A horizontal line which turns and ends in a hook facing left.
2. A curved vertical line that cuts through the first line.
3. A small curved line on the right.

Stroke order in writing カ

The Katakana カ is made with two strokes:

1. A horizontal line which turns and ends in a hook facing left.
2. A curved vertical line that cuts through the first line.

## Other communicative representations

[edit]

Japanese radiotelephony alphabet | Wabun code

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為替のカ
Kawase no "Ka" |  ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄ ⓘ

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Japanese Navy Signal Flag | Japanese semaphore | Japanese manual syllabary (fingerspelling)  | Braille dots-16
Japanese Braille

### Braille representation

[edit]

か / カ in Japanese Braille | Other kana based on Braille か

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か / カ
ka | が / ガ
ga | かあ / カー
kā | があ / ガー
gā | きゃ / キャ
kya | ぎゃ / ギャ
gya | きゃあ / キャー
kyā | ぎゃあ / ギャー
gyā
|  |  |  |  |  |  |

### Computer encodings

[edit]

Character information  Preview | か | カ | ｶ | ゕ | ヵ

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Unicode name  | HIRAGANA LETTER KA  | KATAKANA LETTER KA  | HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER KA  | HIRAGANA LETTER SMALL KA  | KATAKANA LETTER SMALL KA
Encodings | decimal | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex
Unicode | 12363 | U+304B | 12459 | U+30AB | 65398 | U+FF76 | 12437 | U+3095 | 12533 | U+30F5
UTF-8 | 227 129 139 | E3 81 8B | 227 130 171 | E3 82 AB | 239 189 182 | EF BD B6 | 227 130 149 | E3 82 95 | 227 131 181 | E3 83 B5
Numeric character reference | &#12363; | &#x304B; | &#12459; | &#x30AB; | &#65398; | &#xFF76; | &#12437; | &#x3095; | &#12533; | &#x30F5;
Shift JIS (plain)[1] | 130 169 | 82 A9 | 131 74 | 83 4A | 182 | B6 |  |  | 131 149 | 83 95
Shift JIS-2004[2] | 130 169 | 82 A9 | 131 74 | 83 4A | 182 | B6 | 130 243 | 82 F3 | 131 149 | 83 95
EUC-JP (plain)[3] | 164 171 | A4 AB | 165 171 | A5 AB | 142 182 | 8E B6 |  |  | 165 245 | A5 F5
EUC-JIS-2004[4] | 164 171 | A4 AB | 165 171 | A5 AB | 142 182 | 8E B6 | 164 245 | A4 F5 | 165 245 | A5 F5
GB 18030[5] | 164 171 | A4 AB | 165 171 | A5 AB | 132 49 151 56 | 84 31 97 38 | 129 57 166 55 | 81 39 A6 37 | 165 245 | A5 F5
EUC-KR[6] / UHC[7] | 170 171 | AA AB | 171 171 | AB AB |  |  |  |  | 171 245 | AB F5
Big5 (non-ETEN kana)[8] | 198 175 | C6 AF | 199 67 | C7 43 |  |  |  |  | 199 175 | C7 AF
Big5 (ETEN / HKSCS)[9] | 198 241 | C6 F1 | 199 167 | C7 A7 |  |  |  |  | 199 241 | C7 F1
Character information  Preview | が | ガ | か゚ | カ゚ | ㋕

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Unicode name  | HIRAGANA LETTER GA  | KATAKANA LETTER GA  | HIRAGANA LETTER BIDAKUON NGA[10] | KATAKANA LETTER BIDAKUON NGA[10] | CIRCLED KATAKANA KA
Encodings | decimal | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex
Unicode | 12364 | U+304C | 12460 | U+30AC | 12363 12442 | U+304B+309A | 12459 12442 | U+30AB+309A | 13013 | U+32D5
UTF-8 | 227 129 140 | E3 81 8C | 227 130 172 | E3 82 AC | 227 129 139 227 130 154 | E3 81 8B E3 82 9A | 227 130 171 227 130 154 | E3 82 AB E3 82 9A | 227 139 149 | E3 8B 95
Numeric character reference | &#12364; | &#x304C; | &#12460; | &#x30AC; | &#12363;&#12442; | &#x304B;&#x309A; | &#12459;&#12442; | &#x30AB;&#x309A; | &#13013; | &#x32D5;
Shift JIS (plain)[1] | 130 170 | 82 AA | 131 75 | 83 4B |  |  |  |  |  |
Shift JIS-2004[2] | 130 170 | 82 AA | 131 75 | 83 4B | 130 245 | 82 F5 | 131 151 | 83 97 |  |
EUC-JP (plain)[3] | 164 172 | A4 AC | 165 172 | A5 AC |  |  |  |  |  |
EUC-JIS-2004[4] | 164 172 | A4 AC | 165 172 | A5 AC | 164 247 | A4 F7 | 165 247 | A5 F7 |  |
GB 18030[5] | 164 172 | A4 AC | 165 172 | A5 AC |  |  |  |  | 129 57 210 49 | 81 39 D2 31
EUC-KR[6] / UHC[7] | 170 172 | AA AC | 171 172 | AB AC |  |  |  |  |  |
Big5 (non-ETEN kana)[8] | 198 176 | C6 B0 | 199 68 | C7 44 |  |  |  |  |  |
Big5 (ETEN / HKSCS)[9] | 198 242 | C6 F2 | 199 168 | C7 A8 |  |  |  |  |  |

## References

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1. ^ a b Unicode Consortium (2015-12-02) [1994-03-08]. "Shift-JIS to Unicode".
2. ^ a b Project X0213 (2009-05-03). "Shift_JIS-2004 (JIS X 0213:2004 Appendix 1) vs Unicode mapping table".`{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
3. ^ a b Unicode Consortium; IBM. "EUC-JP-2007". International Components for Unicode.
4. ^ a b Project X0213 (2009-05-03). "EUC-JIS-2004 (JIS X 0213:2004 Appendix 3) vs Unicode mapping table".`{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
5. ^ a b Standardization Administration of China (SAC) (2005-11-18). GB 18030-2005: Information Technology—Chinese coded character set.
6. ^ a b Unicode Consortium; IBM. "IBM-970". International Components for Unicode.
7. ^ a b Steele, Shawn (2000). "cp949 to Unicode table". Microsoft / Unicode Consortium.
8. ^ a b Unicode Consortium (2015-12-02) [1994-02-11]. "BIG5 to Unicode table (complete)".
9. ^ a b van Kesteren, Anne. "big5". Encoding Standard. WHATWG.
10. ^ a b Unicode Consortium. "Unicode Named Character Sequences". Unicode Character Database.

## See also

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Look up か, が, カ, ガ, ゕ, or ヵ in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to か.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to カ.
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