Kaduna

Capital city of Kaduna State, Nigeria

Place in Kaduna State, Nigeria

Kaduna

Clockwise from top:
Lugard Hall, the Kaduna River, columns in honour of Elizabeth II's state visit, and entrance of Hassan Usman Katsina House

Location in Nigeria

Coordinates: 10°31′23″N 7°26′25″E﻿ / ﻿10.52306°N 7.44028°E﻿ / 10.52306; 7.44028
Country|  Nigeria
State| Kaduna State
Government

• Governor| Uba Sani
Area

• Total

| 431 km2 (166 sq mi)
Elevation

| 250 m (820 ft)
Population

(2006 census)[1]

• Total

| 760,084
• Rank| 8th
• Density| 1,800/km2 (4,600/sq mi)
• Ethnicities

* Gbagyi
* Adara
* Hausa
* Atyap-Bajju
* Ham
* Yoruba
* Fulani
* Kanuri
* Marghi
* Nupe
* Igbo

GDP (PPP, 2015 int. Dollar)

• Year| 2023
• Total| $9.7 billion[2]
• Per capita| $8,200
Time zone| UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)| UTC+1 (CEST)
Climate| Aw
Website| www.kdsg.gov.ng
Kaduna City Center

Kaduna is the capital city of Kaduna State, and the former political capital of Northern Nigeria. It is located in north-western Nigeria, on the Kaduna River. It is a trade center and a major transportation hub as the gateway to northern states of Nigeria, with its rail and important road network.[3][4]

The population of Kaduna was put at 760,084 as of the 2006 Nigerian census.[5] Rapid urbanization since 2005 has created an increasingly large population, and as of 2024, the city has an estimated population of 1.2 million people.[6]

## Etymology

[edit]

The word Kaduna is said to be a corruption of the Hausa word for "crocodiles", Kadduna in the Hausa language (kaduna being the plural form).[7] Another version of the etymology of the name proposes a link to the Gbagyi word/name 'Odna', meaning 'river'.[8]

## History

[edit]

sultan road Kaduna state

Kaduna was founded by British colonists in 1900.[9] The first British governor of Northern Nigeria, Sir Frederick Lugard, chose the present site for development due to its proximity to the Lagos-Kano Railway.[10] It became the capital of Nigeria's former Northern Region in 1917,[11] and retained this status until 1967. The city is still influential as the headquarters of various political, military and cultural organizations, especially in Northern Nigeria.[12]

In 1976, when the General Murtala Mohammed administration created seven new states in Nigeria, North Central State, with capital at Kaduna, was renamed Kaduna State. It was made up of the two colonial period Provinces of Zaria and Katsina. When in 1991, the number of states in the country was increased from twenty-one to thirty, Katsina Province became Katsina State, while the old Zaria Province became the new Kaduna State. There are twenty-three local government areas (LGAs) in the state, although the number of ethnic groups is much larger.[13]

## Economy

[edit]

River Kaduna and Old Railway Bridge.

### Industries

[edit]

Kaduna is a major industrial center in Northern Nigeria, manufacturing products like textiles, machinery, steel, aluminum, petroleum products and bearings.[14] However, the textile industry has been in decline due to recent Chinese imports and factory closures caused by years of neglect across many administrations. Other light manufactures include: plastics, pharmaceuticals, leather goods, furniture, and televisions.[10] Agriculture is also a major industry in Kaduna, and as such, the Bank of Agriculture has its headquarters in the city.[15] Some main agricultural exports include: cotton, peanuts, sorghum, and ginger.[16] Kaduna also has a branch of the Nigerian Stock Exchange.[10] Automobile manufacturing also remains an important part of Kaduna's economy.[17] Peugeot Automobiles Nigeria has an assembly plant in Kaduna.[18] Kaduna Refining and Petrochemical Company (KRPC), one of Nigeria's four main oil refineries is located in Kaduna. It is supplied by a pipeline from the Niger Delta oil fields.[10][19]

A 2009 World Bank survey states that Kaduna is one of the top six cities with the highest unemployment. 20% of the population was estimated to be unemployed.[17]

## Sports and tourism

[edit]

There is a large racecourse named Murtala Mohammed Square, approximately 1.6 kilometres (1 mi) in perimeter, inside which is found the Kaduna Polo Club. Kaduna Golf Club is also located within the Kaduna CBD. Other sports facilities include the Ahmadu Bello Stadium and Ranchers Bees Stadium. [20] The city boasts of several tourist attractions some of which are:

* Kaduna National Museum
* Jaji Military Cantonment
* Kajur Castle [21]

## Infrastructure

[edit]

The infrastructure network in the city was upgraded by the administration of Governor Nasir el-Rufai with an underpass, flyover structures and streetlight facilities. Kaduna has an inland dry port.[22] The Nigerian military has several formations and institutions in the city including the Nigerian Defence Academy,[23] and the Air Force Institute of Technology.

## Airport

[edit]

The city is served by Kaduna International Airport. The airport commenced operations in 1982.[24] The Nigerian Air Force maintains a presence in the city.[25][26]

## Railways

[edit]

Railway overhead bridge in kaduna state The surrounding of River kaduna bridge Maize farming beside RAILWAY in kaduna state

Kaduna is also on the route of the planned Lagos–Kano Standard Gauge Railway, which has been completed between the national capital of Abuja and Kaduna. Trains for Abuja depart from the Rigasa Railway Station in Kaduna.[27] Kaduna is an important junction on Nigeria's Cape gauge railway network. At Kaduna, a branch line connects the Lagos–Nguru Railway to the Port Harcourt–Maiduguri railway.[28]

## Education

[edit]

Kaduna Polytechnic

Kaduna is popularly known as the centre of learning, as evident from the numerous educational institutions located in the state. Tertiary Institutions in Kaduna city include:

* Kaduna state University buildingKaduna State University[29]
* Nigerian Defence Academy (NDA), Kaduna[23]
* Greenfield University Kaduna[30]
* National Open University of Nigeria, Kaduna Study Center
* Air Force Institute of Technology, Kaduna[31]
* National Teachers Institute (NTI), Kaduna[32]
* School of Midwifery Kaduna[33]
* Kaduna Polytechnic (1968), Kaduna[34][35]
* National board for Islamic and Arabic studies[36]
* Kaduna Business School[37][38]
* Dialogue Institute Kaduna[39]
* Institute of Ophthalmology, National Eye Centre, Kaduna.[40]

## Administrative Areas

[edit]

Administration of the state started with the concept of Provincial Administration and Native/Local Authority systems. However, in 1976 the Mohammed Administration introduced the Local Government Area system (LGA) which delegated some responsibilities to the elected/appointed councillors. With each successive Federal Military Administration, the number of the LGAs in Kaduna State increased from fourteen in the early 1980s to the present twenty-three in 1998. In each LGA, smaller units such as districts and wards, are recognised.[13]

## Places of worship

[edit]

Among the places of worship, there are churches and mosques.[41] Sultan Bello Mosque is the biggest and a central mosque in Kaduna. There are also churches: Church of Nigeria (Anglican Communion), Presbyterian Church of Nigeria (World Communion of Reformed Churches), Nigerian Baptist Convention (Baptist World Alliance), Living Faith Church Worldwide, Redeemed Christian Church of God, Assemblies of God, Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Kaduna (Catholic Church), Mountain of Fire and Miracles Ministries, Universal Reformed Christian Church (Protestant Church).[42]

## Climate

[edit]

Erosion Rigasa Kaduna  climate issues. Kaduna, igabi

The Kaduna region has a tropical climate. The summers have a lot more rain than the winters do. The predominant climate in this area is categorised as Aw by the Köppen-Geiger scale. Kaduna's yearly mean temperature is 25.2 °C, or 77.4 °F. A total of 39.3 inches or 998 mm of precipitation falls per year.

Due to its proximity to the equator, Kaduna's summers are difficult to characterise. January, February, March, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, and December are the finest months to travel.[43]

Climate data for Kaduna (1991-2020, extremes 1951-1965 & 1991-2020))

Month  | Jan  | Feb  | Mar  | Apr  | May  | Jun  | Jul  | Aug  | Sep  | Oct  | Nov  | Dec  | Year
Record high °C (°F)  | 38.0
(100.4)  | 40.0
(104.0)  | 40.0
(104.0)  | 43.0
(109.4)  | 39.3
(102.7)  | 35.0
(95.0)  | 36.0
(96.8)  | 33.0
(91.4)  | 33.4
(92.1)  | 37.7
(99.9)  | 36.4
(97.5)  | 36.2
(97.2)  | 43.0
(109.4)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)  | 31.3
(88.3)  | 34.1
(93.4)  | 36.2
(97.2)  | 36.1
(97.0)  | 33.1
(91.6)  | 30.5
(86.9)  | 29.0
(84.2)  | 28.3
(82.9)  | 29.9
(85.8)  | 31.6
(88.9)  | 32.9
(91.2)  | 31.6
(88.9)  | 32.1
(89.8)
Daily mean °C (°F)  | 23.4
(74.1)  | 26.2
(79.2)  | 28.7
(83.7)  | 29.6
(85.3)  | 27.7
(81.9)  | 25.8
(78.4)  | 24.8
(76.6)  | 24.4
(75.9)  | 25.1
(77.2)  | 25.8
(78.4)  | 24.9
(76.8)  | 23.4
(74.1)  | 25.8
(78.4)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)  | 15.5
(59.9)  | 18.3
(64.9)  | 21.3
(70.3)  | 23.1
(73.6)  | 22.2
(72.0)  | 21.0
(69.8)  | 20.6
(69.1)  | 20.4
(68.7)  | 20.2
(68.4)  | 19.9
(67.8)  | 16.8
(62.2)  | 15.2
(59.4)  | 19.6
(67.3)
Record low °C (°F)  | 9.0
(48.2)  | 8.9
(48.0)  | 15.0
(59.0)  | 14.7
(58.5)  | 16.7
(62.1)  | 15.6
(60.1)  | 16.7
(62.1)  | 16.7
(62.1)  | 15.6
(60.1)  | 13.3
(55.9)  | 10.0
(50.0)  | 9.4
(48.9)  | 8.9
(48.0)
Average precipitation mm (inches)  | 0.0
(0.0)  | 0.4
(0.02)  | 11.2
(0.44)  | 41.5
(1.63)  | 124.7
(4.91)  | 184.8
(7.28)  | 254.4
(10.02)  | 335.3
(13.20)  | 280.7
(11.05)  | 92.0
(3.62)  | 0.0
(0.0)  | 0.0
(0.0)  | 1,325
(52.17)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 0.0  | 0.1  | 0.8  | 3.4  | 9.7  | 12.9  | 14.8  | 17.5  | 16.4  | 7.1  | 0  | 0  | 82.8
Average relative humidity (%)  | 40.1  | 33.9  | 38.0  | 58.5  | 74.9  | 81.6  | 85.1  | 87.4  | 85.2  | 77.8  | 59.1  | 48.6  | 64.2
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 279.0  | 262.7  | 266.6  | 243.0  | 241.8  | 216.0  | 155.0  | 120.9  | 171.0  | 248.0  | 285.0  | 294.5  | 2,783.5
Mean daily sunshine hours | 9.0  | 9.3  | 8.6  | 8.1  | 7.8  | 7.2  | 5.0  | 3.9  | 5.7  | 8.0  | 9.5  | 9.5  | 7.6
Source 1: NOAA[44]
Source 2: Deutscher Wetterdienst (sun 1951-1965)[45]

## Notable people

[edit]

* Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab, the "underwear bomber" suspect of the terrorist arson attempt on Northwest flight 253 in December 2009, grew up here.[46][47][48]
* Nabil Abdulrashid, British-Nigerian comedian
* Efe Ambrose, footballer who played for the Nigeria national football team was born and raised here[49][50]
* Tijani Babangida, footballer who played winger with Ajax[51][52]
* Celestine Babayaro, footballer who played mainly in the Premier League[49]
* Sunday Bada, athlete
* Mamman Daura, elder statesman
* David Egbo, footballer
* Michael Eneramo, footballer
* Fiona Fullerton, British actress and former Bond girl
* Leke James, footballer[53][54]
* Hassan Katsina, elder statesman.
* Zamani Lekwot, statesman[55][56]
* Ahmed Makarfi, politician[57]
* Magaji Muhammed, politician and elder statesman.
* Umaru Mutallab, Nigerian business mogul
* Sam Oye (born 1974), pastor
* Dahiru Sadi, footballer[58]
* Namadi Sambo, politician[59]
* Shehu Sani, politician[60][61]
* Uba Sani, politician[62][63]
* Shehu Musa Yaradua, politician and elder statesman
* Ibrahim Zakzaky, Islamic preacher
* Adam A. Zango, Kannywood actor, musician, singer and dancer.[64]
* Talib Zanna (born 1990), basketball player in the Israel Basketball Premier League

## See also

[edit]

* Railway stations in Nigeria
* Kaduna State
* National Ear Care Centre

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Summing the 2 LGAs Kaduna North/South as per Federal Republic of Nigeria Official Gazette (15 May 2007). "Legal Notice on Publication of the Details of the Breakdown of the National and State Provisional Totals 2006 Census" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 March 2012. Retrieved 19 May 2007.
2. ^ "TelluBase—Nigeria Fact Sheet (Tellusant Public Service Series)" (PDF). Tellusant. Retrieved 11 January 2024.
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4. ^ "Encyclopedia Britannica | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 5 July 2023.
5. ^ "Kaduna (State, Nigeria) - Population Statistics, Charts, Map and Location". citypopulation.de. Retrieved 5 July 2023.
6. ^ "Kaduna Population 2024". worldpopulationreview.com. Retrieved 6 February 2025.
7. ^ "Kaduna | Location, History, & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 28 July 2019.
8. ^ Shekwo, Joseph Amali (1979). Fundamentals of the Gbagyi Language. Zaria: Centre for Adult Education and Extension Services, Ahmadu Bello University. OCLC 11043184. OL 2795890M.
9. ^ Toyin Falola, Ann Genova, Matthew M. Heaton, Historical Dictionary of Nigeria, Rowman & Littlefield, USA, 2018, p. 217
10. ^ a b c d "Kaduna". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 13 November 2016.
11. ^ Fletcher, Banister; Dan Cruickshank (1996). "Africa". Sir Banister Fletcher's a History of Architecture. Architectural Press. p. 1466\. ISBN 0-7506-2267-9.
12. ^ opeinfobase (1 November 2022). "Economic Profile Of Kaduna State: Statistics And Key Challenges". Retrieved 23 April 2024.
13. ^ a b U., Aleazu (1986). "Nigeria: After 25 years". Nigeria. 2.
14. ^ "Kaduna Town in Kaduna Nigeria Guide". www.nigeriagalleria.com. Retrieved 5 July 2023.
15. ^ "Nigeria's Bank of Agriculture - financing farmers". SukFin. Retrieved 30 May 2020.
16. ^ Lagassé, Paul (January 2000). "Kaduna". Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia (6th ed.). Columbia University Press. ISBN 9780787650155. Retrieved 13 November 2016.
17. ^ a b "Kaduna". The Forum for Cities in Transition. Archived from the original on 14 November 2016. Retrieved 13 November 2016.
18. ^ "Peugeot Nigeria | Motion & Emotion". www.peugeotnigeria.com. Retrieved 1 August 2019.
19. ^ "Kaduna Refining and Petrochemical Company (KRPC)". www.nnpcgroup.com. Archived from the original on 27 June 2019. Retrieved 1 August 2019.
20. ^ "Kaduna Polo Club Murtala Muhammed Square - Kaduna - WorldPlaces". nigeria.worldplaces.me. Retrieved 5 July 2023.
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22. ^ "Kaduna Inland Dry Port (KIDP)". Kaduna Inland Dry Port. Retrieved 28 July 2019.
23. ^ a b "PHOTOS: Passing -out parade of Nigerian Defence Academy, Kaduna". Vanguard News. 10 October 2020. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
24. ^ "Kaduna Airport". Federal Airports Authority of Nigeria. 6 February 2017. Archived from the original on 4 June 2021. Retrieved 25 June 2021.
25. ^ "Airports - Farringdon Jets". Retrieved 16 September 2023.
26. ^ "Nigerian Air Force conducts search, rescue exercise along Kaduna-Abuja highway". Premiumtimes newspaper. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
27. ^ Muhammad, Hamisu (23 July 2016). "A memorable trip on the Abuja-Kaduna train". Daily Trust.
28. ^ "Lagos-Kano train service to begin full operation August 13". Peoples Gazette. 8 August 2021. Retrieved 4 August 2024.
29. ^ "Nigeria federal, state universities latest update on school resumption date". BBC News Pidgin. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
30. ^ "Kaduna govt confirms release of abducted Greenfield University students". Vanguard News. 30 May 2021. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
31. ^ Makinwa, Ekaete (16 February 2021). "List of federal universities in Nigeria and their school fees 2021/2022". Legit.ng - Nigeria news. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
32. ^ "Why we are extending registration for new intakes ―NTI boss". Tribune Online. 27 April 2017. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
33. ^ "Accreditation: Kaduna College of Nursing seeks govt. support". Vanguard News. 6 March 2020. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
34. ^ "FG Releases List Of Top 10 Nigerian Polytechnics". The Whistler Nigeria. 5 October 2018. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
35. ^ "List of Federal Polytechnic in Nigeria". Pulse Nigeria. 19 August 2018. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
36. ^ "We are not responsible for staff salary ― National Arabic Board". Tribune Online. 21 April 2021. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
37. ^ "NUC releases names of 58 illegal universities in Nigeria (FULL LIST)". 24 May 2018. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
38. ^ "58 fake universities operating at the moment in Nigeria, says NUC". Vanguard News. 25 May 2018. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
39. ^ "Dialogue Computer Institute, Kaduna".
40. ^ "National Eye Centre shutdown 80% services- The Nation Nigeria Newsa". Latest Nigeria News, Nigerian Newspapers, Politics. 23 May 2020. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
41. ^ J. Gordon Melton, Martin Baumann, ‘‘Religions of the World: A Comprehensive Encyclopedia of Beliefs and Practices’’, ABC-CLIO, USA, 2010, p. 2107
42. ^ "Kaduna police arrest kidnappers' gang leader linked to Catholic church attack". The punch newspaper. 23 March 2024. Retrieved 23 March 2024.
43. ^ "Kaduna climate: Temperature Kaduna & Weather By Month - Climate-Data.org". en.climate-data.org. Retrieved 26 July 2023.
44. ^ "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020 — Kano". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 7 January 2024.
45. ^ "Klimatafel von Kaduna / Nigeria" (PDF). Baseline climate means (1961-1990) from stations all over the world (in German). Deutscher Wetterdienst. Retrieved 14 July 2016.
46. ^ Nossiter, Adam (17 January 2010). "Lonely Trek to Radicalism for Terror Suspect". The New York Times.
47. ^ ""Underwear Bomber" Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab Pleads Guilty". FBI. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
48. ^ Childress, Sarah (11 January 2010). "Ghana Probes Visit by Bomb Suspect". Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
49. ^ a b "What's in the Kaduna water? New Roma starlets join long line of impressive talents out of northern Nigeria | Goal.com". www.goal.com. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
50. ^ "Brazil 2014: Profiling Nigeria's defenders | Premium Times Nigeria". 10 June 2014. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
51. ^ "Tijani Babangida opens up on Zidane encounter in Champions League tie". Vanguard News. 1 August 2020. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
52. ^ Alao, Seyi (25 September 2020). "NFF, CAF and Ajax celebrates Tijani Babangida at 47". Latest Sports News In Nigeria. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
53. ^ "Leke James eager for Middle East experience after completing Al Qadsiah move | Goal.com". www.goal.com. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
54. ^ "What more does Leke James need to do to get Super Eagles call-up?". Score Nigeria. 17 July 2020. Archived from the original on 14 August 2020. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
55. ^ "SOUTHERN KADUNA KILLINGS: KDSG has questions to answer — Zamani Lekwot". Vanguard News. 18 August 2020. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
56. ^ "Outsiders caused Southern Kaduna crises, Lekwot declares". The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News. 3 January 2020. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
57. ^ "Senator Makarfi loses father". Latest Nigeria News, Nigerian Newspapers, Politics. 16 July 2019. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
58. ^ Ayeni, Olawale (11 November 2020). "Kaduna Marathon Gets 6 Goodwill Ambassadors". Leadership News - Nigeria News, Breaking News, Politics and more. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
59. ^ "Ex-Kaduna Speaker Jumare dies - The Nation Newspaper". Latest Nigeria News, Nigerian Newspapers, Politics. 14 January 2021. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
60. ^ "Senator reacts to Gov El-Rufai's outbursts, curses". Pulse Nigeria. 10 May 2018. Archived from the original on 28 June 2021. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
61. ^ "El-Rufai: The three senators representing Kaduna are useless". TheCable. 4 May 2018. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
62. ^ "Uba Sani gives hope to Kaduna Central in 2021". Vanguard News. 31 December 2020. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
63. ^ Simeh, Chamba (8 November 2020). "Kaduna cheers as Uba Sani picks legislative excellence award". Blueprint Newspapers Limited. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
64. ^ "Angry youth stone, abuse Adam Zango at Kaduna Musical Festival | Premium Times Nigeria". 12 December 2015. Retrieved 28 June 2021.

## External links

[edit]

Media related to Kaduna at Wikimedia Commons

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