Kasauli

Cantonment in Himachal Pradesh, India

Kasauli

Kussowlie

Cantonment

Kasauli Circuit House, British period heritage building

Kasauli

Location in Himachal Pradesh, India

Show map of Himachal Pradesh

Kasauli

Kasauli (India)

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Coordinates: 30°54′N 76°58′E﻿ / ﻿30.9°N 76.96°E﻿ / 30.9; 76.96
Country|  India
State| Himachal Pradesh
District| Solan
Elevation

| 1,800 m (5,900 ft)
Population

(2011)

• Total

| 3,885
Languages

• Official| Hindi
Time zone| UTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN|

173204

Vehicle registration| HP98

Kasauli is a town and cantonment, located in the Solan district of the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh. The cantonment was established by the British Raj in 1842 as a Colonial hill station,[1] 25 km (16 mi) from Solan, 77 km (48 mi) from Shimla, 58 km (36 mi) from Chandigarh, and 94 km (58 mi) from Ambala Cantt (Haryana), an important railway junction of North India.

## Demographics

[edit]

Kasauli is a Cantonment Board city in the district of Solan, Himachal Pradesh. The Kasauli city is divided into 6 wards for which elections are held every 5 years. The Kasauli Cantonment Board has a population of 3,885, of which 2,183 are males and 1,702 are females, according to a report released by Census India 2011.

The population of children with age of 0-6 is 406 which is 10.45% of total population of Kasauli (CB). In Kasauli Cantonment Board, Female Sex Ratio is of 780 against state average of 972. Moreover, Child Sex Ratio in Kasauli is around 888 compared to Himachal Pradesh state average of 909. Literacy rate of Kasauli city is 91.23% higher than state average of 82.80%. In Kasauli, Male literacy is around 94.05% while female literacy rate is 87.56%.[citation needed]

## Climate

[edit]

Kasauli on a winter afternoon.

Kasauli has a humid subtropical climate (Cwa), bordering on humid continental (Dwa). Winter temperature is approximately 2 degrees Celsius, the summer temperatures rarely exceeds 32 degrees Celsius or more. The general wind direction is south-west to north-east. Total rainfall for the year is 1020 millimetres, with humidity at 90% in September and 28% in April. Sometimes snowfall is also there during early January and in winters are chilly, there are a couple of frosty nights. Minimum temperature recorded in Kasuli was -6 °C.

## Landmarks

[edit]

Gilbert trail, Kasauli

### Central Research Institute

[edit]

The Central Research Institute (CRI), originally the Pasteur Institute of India, was established at Kasauli in 1904 under its first director Sir David Semple, as an institute working in the fields of immunology and virological research.[2]

The CRI works as a World Health Organization 'Collaborating Centre', and as an immuno-biological laboratory producing vaccines for measles and polio, and the DTP group of vaccines. It also provides a Master of Science programme in Microbiology.

### Baptist Church

[edit]

Doordarshan TV tower

Kasauli Baptist Church is a 1923 brick and wood building, situated close to the Sadar Bazzar. According to The Indian Express it is "considered a unique example of colonial architecture of the British era". In 2008 the church was damaged by a fire which destroyed all the internal furnishings.[3][4]

### Christ Church

[edit]

picturesque structure Christ Church, Kasauli.

Christ Church was previously an Anglican church, inaugurated on 24 July 1853.

Christ Church Kasauli came into existence in 1844 when Dr. Daniel Wilson (the great Metropolitan Bishop of Calcutta) appointed the Rev MJ Jennings as chaplain to the new station Kasauli for the first time, who started worship services in a barrack as there was no church building. At the end of October 1844 Dr. Wilson, the Bishop of Calcutta, paid his first visitation of Kasauli and on 26 October laid the foundation stone of the future Christ Church. On 24 July 1853 the shed of the church was completed and on that day the church was used for the worship services for first time.

In the 1880s the church tower was raised and the public clock was placed on it during the leadership of the Rev J.B. Brunesson by importing the same from W.H. Bailey & Co of Manchester, England. The total cost of this was Rs. 2612 and 11 annas towards which Rs. 1250 was given by the Government and the balance raised by public subscription. After remaining in hibernation for many decades, in 2015 the tower clock, started ticking again with the wonderful efforts of a Good Samaritan from Chandigarh and the local EME workshop. The clock still works on mechanical gears and is now in the Limca Book of Records for being the oldest working tower turret clock in India.[5] Since 1970 it has been under the auspices of the Church of North India (CNI) in the diocese of Amritsar.[6] The church contains Spanish and Italian imported stained glass windows depicting Christ, Mary, Saint Barnabas and Saint Francis.[1]

### Circuit house

[edit]

Kasauli Circuit House.

British colonial era heritage building.

### Gurudwara Shri Guru Nanak Ji

[edit]

The Gurudwara (Sikh house of worship and hospitality) Shri Guru Nanak Ji is located in the Garkhal bazaar near Kasauli.[7]

### Fossil site

[edit]

Kasauli is one of the fossil sites of Himachal Pradesh, with first fossil find here in 1864, with 20 million year old fossils from Miocene era have been discovered when this area was a coastal area of the Tethys Ocean.[8]

### Kasauli Brewery and Distillery

[edit]

Kasauli Brewery and Distillery, founded in 1835 during the British Raj by Edward Abraham Dyer father of Colonel Reginald Edward Harry Dyer "butcher of Jallianwala Bagh massacre", started producing Asia's first beer brand, the "Lion Beer", and India's first single malt whisky, the ""Solan No. 1", both of which are still in production.[9][10][11][12][13][14]

### Kasauli Club

[edit]

Kasauli Club is a heritage building which was established by civilians and service personnel in 1880, as the Kasauli Reading and Assembly Rooms. It gained its present name in 1898 when a limited liability company and constitution were established; its first director was Sir David Semple of Kasauli's Pasteur Institute. At the time the club was for the exclusive use of the British Raj, and held social meetings, tea and dinner dances, and galas. In 1915 regimental officers at Dagshai, Solan and Subathu could be admitted as honorary members. At Independence in 1947, plans to sell the then loss-making Club failed.[15]

The club was originally constructed of wood and plaster, and was typical of hill architecture. In 2001, after a 2000 restoration, it was destroyed by fire, losing "elegant, old-world furniture, [and] precious and rare books". By 2005 it had been redesigned and rebuilt in stone, and plans were put forward for a new attached gymnasium.[15]

In April 2012 the Kasauli Club hosted a two-day Rhythm and Blues Festival as a benefit concert for ill children.[16][17]

### Nahri Temple

[edit]

The Nahri Temple, devoted to the Goddess Durga and Lord Shiva, is thought to have been constructed around a hundred and fifty years ago. Also known as 'Jantar Mantar' and 'Choo Mantar Mahadev Temple', the temple is renowned for its festive celebration of Dushera and Shivratri. The temple boasts striking idols of the goddess Durga and Lord Shiva placed in the chamber of temple. Near this temple, there is century-old bauri which still offers sweet potable water. This temple is known to be visited by hundreds of pilgrims each year to present their prayers.[citation needed]

### Hanuman Mandir (Manki Point)

[edit]

Monkey Point is situated in the Air Force Station near the Lower Mall region about 4 km (2.5 mi) from the center of town. According to the Ramayana, when Lord Hanuman was returning from the Himalayas after acquiring the "Sanjivani Booty", one of his feet touched the hill; that's why the top of the hill is in the shape of a foot. On clear nights a view of Chandigarh can be seen from Monkey Point.[citation needed]

View of Palace and fort of Mahlog State, under Simla Hill States.

### Beja State

[edit]

Main article: Beja State

Beja State was one of the 18 Simla Hill States, situated just below Kasauli to the west and bordered by Mahlog, Patiala, Kuthar and the Bharauli tract of Simla District around Sabathu. Beja included 45 villages, over an area of 13 km2 or 5 mi2 with 1,131 subjects.[citation needed]

### Mahlog princely state

[edit]

Main article: Mahlog

Map of Mahlog State under Simla Hill States, Himachal Pradesh, India.

The princely state of Mahlog was founded in 1183. Its original rulers were ruling earlier near Kalka when Mohamad Gauri attacked that area then they shifted to the Mahlog area. Initially 193 villages were in its jurisdiction but later over 300 villages were included. It was one of the biggest Princely State of Simla Hill States under the British Raj.[citation needed]

## Notable people

[edit]

* Michael Baines, English cricketer and British Army officer[18]
* Frank Blaker, Victoria Cross recipient[19]
* Ruskin Bond, Anglo-Indian author
* Janet Chisholm, British MI6 agent during the Cold War
* Tisca Chopra, Indian film actress
* Andy Mulligan, Irish rugby international

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b Sharma, Ambika; "Architecture of Kasauli churches"; The Tribune, Online edition, 2 March 2001. Retrieved 7 July 2012.
2. ^ "Pasteur Institute of India, Kasauli". Nature. 146 (3688): 23. 1940. Bibcode:1940Natur.146Q..23.. doi:10.1038/146023a0.
3. ^ Kashyap, Arvind; "Kasauli church pastor suspects arson"; The Indian Express, 14 Nov 2008. Retrieved 7 July 2012.
4. ^ "Fire breaks out in Kasauli Church, Pastor seeks probe"; Oneindia.in, 12 November 2008. Retrieved 7 July 2012.
5. ^ Link for the restoration story
6. ^ Kasauli Churches Kasauliresort.com. Retrieved 9 May 2011
7. ^ Kasauli Gurudwara Archived 23 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine indiahimachalpradesh.com. Retrieved 9 May 2011
8. ^ हिमाचल में मिला 2 करोड़ साल पुराना जीवाश्म, जानिए इसकी विशेषता, MBM News, February 19 2025.
9. ^ Colvin, Ian Duncan (1 January 1929). The life of General Dyer. Edinburgh; London: W. Blackwood & Sons Ltd. OCLC 1335678.
10. ^ Colvin, Ian Duncan (1 January 2006). The Life of General Dyer. Unistar Books.
11. ^ Collett, Nigel (15 October 2006). The Butcher of Amritsar: General Reginald Dyer. A&C Black. ISBN 9781852855758.
12. ^ Saikia, Arunabh (23 April 2016). "How Old Monk went from India's star to another has-been". Mint on Sunday. Retrieved 30 January 2017.
13. ^ "Reginald Edward Dyer 1864-1927 - Ancestry". www.ancestry.com. Retrieved 30 January 2017.
14. ^ "Reginald Edward Harry Dyer – the Butcher of Amritsar | Lawrence College Ghora Gali".
15. ^ a b Sharma, Ambika; "An exclusive retreat in the hills"; The Tribune, Online edition, 29 May 2005. Retrieved 7 July 2012.
16. ^ "Rhythm and Blues festival ends with resolve to work for a cause", The Times of India, 9 April 2012. Retrieved 7 July 2012
17. ^ Kapoor, Jaskiran; "Music in the Mountains"; The Indian Express, 30 March 2012. Retrieved 7 July 2012.
18. ^ "Player profile: Michael Baines". CricketArchive. Retrieved 5 April 2019.
19. ^ "Known graves of holders of The Victoria Cross - Frank Gerald Blaker", Victoriacross.org.uk. Retrieved 6 February 2014

## External links

[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Kasauli.

* Kasauli travel guide from Wikivoyage
* Himachal Pradesh website. Retrieved 8 July 2011
* "Development plan for Kasauli Planning Area", Himachal Pradesh Government. Retrieved 8 July 2011
* "Kasauli - My Ride" Archived 18 February 2014 at the Wayback Machine, Tranquilblog
* "Places to visit in Kasauli", Travel Diary