Kasbah Mosque (Tunis)

For the mosques in Morocco, see Kasbah Mosque (Marrakech) and Kasbah Mosque (Tangier).

Kasbah Mosque

جامع القصبة

Religion
Affiliation| Sunni Islam
Location

Shown within Tunisia

Geographic coordinates| 36°47′48″N 10°10′04″E﻿ / ﻿36.79667°N 10.16778°E﻿ / 36.79667; 10.16778Coordinates: 36°47′48″N 10°10′04″E﻿ / ﻿36.79667°N 10.16778°E﻿ / 36.79667; 10.16778
Architecture
Architect(s)| Ali ibn Mohamed ibn Kacem
Type| Mosque
Date established| 1230

Kasbah Mosque (Arabic: جامع القصبة ; French: Mosquée de la Casbah) is a mosque in Tunis, Tunisia. It is a listed as a Historical Monument.

## Contents

* 1 Localization
* 2 History
* 3 Architecture
* 4 References

## Localization[edit]

This mosque is located in the Medina, in the Kasbah district which is still home to government buildings.

## History[edit]

The mosque was commissioned by Abu Zakariya Yahya (r. 1230–1249), in 1230 or 1231, shortly after he declared his independence from the Almohads in 1229.[1][2] He became the founder of the Hafsid dynasty which ruled Ifriqiya (roughly present-day Tunisia) until the 16th century. The architect was Ali ibn Muhammad ibn Qasim.[3] The minaret was completed in 1233.[1][3] It was the first Friday mosque to be built in Tunis after Al-Zaytuna Mosque.[1] The mosque was built in the Kasbah, the citadel or seat of government in the city which was first established by the Almohads.[4] Shortly before the mosque's foundation Abu Zakariya had begun construction of new palace for himself in the Kasbah.[3] Initially it was a place of prayer for the rulers who lived in the Kasbah only, but it later became a public mosque for the Friday prayer open to the whole city.[1][5] The mosque was renovated under Ottoman rule in 1584, at which point its wooden minbar was replaced with a stone minbar.[6][7]

## Architecture[edit]

The mosque has a rectangular prayer hall that is deeper than it is wide, which was unusual for Almohad-style mosques of the era.[3] The prayer hall is divided into seven "naves" between rows of horseshoe arches, with nine arch spans for each nave. The arches are supported on marble columns with Hafdsid-period capitals. The hall is roofed by a series of groin vaults.[3] The mihrab (niche symbolizing the direction of prayer) in the southeast wall is decorated with marble paneling and flanked by decorative colonettes,[3] although most of it is no longer preserved in its original condition.[2] Above and in front of the mihrab is a dome sculpted in intricate muqarnas (stalactite-like decoration). This decorative technique was common in more western regions of North Africa but the muqarnas dome of this mosque is almost unique in Ifriqiya (Tunisia) and was unparalleled in other Hafsid architecture.[2]

The design of the minaret is directly inherited from Almohad architecture further west. In particular, it resembles the design of the minaret of the Kasbah Mosque in Marrakesh, Morocco, in both its overall form and in the decoration of its facades. The four facades are covered in two different sebka or lozange-like motifs. However, unlike the mosque in Marrakesh, which was made in brick, the main structure and the decoration of this minaret are made of stone, reflecting the ancient local traditions of stone cutting.[2] The upper part of the minaret is decorated with triple horseshoe-arch-shaped windows surrounded by a zone covered with tiles. The minaret's style influenced the look of later minarets in Tunisia and was often copied. Examples of this influence are the minaret of the 17th-century Great Mosque of Testour and the modern minaret of the Al-Zaytuna Mosque.[6][8]

* Front of the mosque, with an arcade or portico along its façade (right)

* View of the minaret

* Sebka motif on one of the façades of the minaret

* Panel carved with foundation inscription on the minaret

* Decoration of the upper part of the minaret

## References[edit]

1. ^ a b c d Bloom, Jonathan M. (2020). Architecture of the Islamic West: North Africa and the Iberian Peninsula, 700-1800. Yale University Press. pp. 208–209. ISBN 9780300218701.
2. ^ a b c d Daoulatli, Abdelaziz (2021). "Ḥafṣid architecture". In Fleet, Kate; Krämer, Gudrun; Matringe, Denis; Nawas, John; Rowson, Everett (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam, Three. Brill. ISBN 9789004464582. ISSN 1873-9830.
3. ^ a b c d e f Béji Ben Mami, Mohamed. "Almohad Mosque of the Kasbah". Discover Islamic Art, Museum With No Frontiers. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
4. ^ Binous, Jamila; Baklouti, Naceur; Ben Tanfous, Aziza; Bouteraa, Kadri; Rammah, Mourad; Zouari, Ali (2002). "I. 1. h The Kasbah Quarter". Ifriqiya: Thirteen Centuries of Art and Architecture in Tunisia (2nd ed.). Museum With No Frontiers, MWNF. ISBN 9783902782199.
5. ^ "Lieux de culte Municipalité de Tunis" (in French). Government of Tunis. Archived from the original on August 11, 2009. Retrieved July 23, 2010.
6. ^ a b "Qantara - Great Mosque of the Qasaba". www.qantara-med.org. Retrieved 2020-12-02.
7. ^ "Jami' al Qasba". Archnet. Retrieved 2020-11-24.
8. ^ Binous, Jamila; Baklouti, Naceur; Ben Tanfous, Aziza; Bouteraa, Kadri; Rammah, Mourad; Zouari, Ali (2010). "I. 1. l The Great Mosque of Zituna". Ifriqiya: Thirteen Centuries of Art and Architecture in Tunisia. Islamic Art in the Mediterranean. Museum With No Frontiers & Ministry of Culture, the National Institute of Heritage, Tunis.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Kasbah Mosque.

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Mosques in the Medina of Tunis

Medina of Tunis|

* Al-Zaytuna Mosque
* Bab Bhar Mosque
* El Fell Mosque
* El Habibi Mosque
* El Hafsia Mosque
* El Hentati Mosque
* El Ichbili Mosque
* El Jedid Mosque
* El Koubba Mosque
* El Mehrass Mosque
* Ettarraz Mosque
* Hammouda Pacha Mosque
* Harmel Mosque
* Kasbah Mosque
* Ksar Mosque
* Laz Mosque
* Little Pacha Mosque
* Melmli Mosque
* Saida Adjoula Mosque
* Sidi Amor Mosque
* Sidi Bou Hadid Mosque
* Sidi Mahrez Mosque
* Youssef Dey Mosque

Northern suburb|

* Abi Mohamed Al Morjani Mosque
* Abi Mnigel Mosque
* Ben Hmida Mosque
* El Ahmadi Mosque
* El Borj Mosque
* El Bradia Mosque
* El Kayal Mosque
* Hammam El Rmimi Mosque
* Saheb Ettabaâ Mosque
* Sidi Belhassen El Halfaoui Mosque
* Sidi Bellagh Mosque
* Sidi El Ansari Mosque
* Sidi Gouicem Mosque
* Soubhan Allah Mosque
* Tabbanine Mosque
* Tronja Mosque

Southern suburb|

* Al Haliq Mosque
* Al Haoua Mosque
* Bab Jazira Mosque
* Charbati Mosque
* Hajjamine Mosque
* Sabkha Mosque
* Sidi El Baghdadi Mosque
* Sidi Mahrez Khelloua Mosque
* Sidi Mansour Mosque

Defunct Mosques|

* Cheikh Rasaa Mosque
* Dar El Agha Mosque
* Edabaghine Mosque
* El Ghassiroun Mosque
* El Ghouri Mosque
* El Nakiri Mosque
* El Sfar Mosque
* Karah Borni Mosque
* Ouichka Mosque
* Sidi Ali Ben Ziyad Mosque
* Sidi El Hari Mosque
* Sidi Maaouia Mosque
* Sidi Mardoum Mosque
* Sidi Salah Bou Kabrine Mosque
* Tarchich Mosque
* Usta Murad Mosque

* Part of
* Medina of Tunis
* Mosques in Tunisia
* WikiProject Tunisia

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