Keeravani

21st raga in the Melakarta

For the music director, see M. M. Keeravani.

KeeravaniArohanam| S R₂ G₂ M₁ P D₁ N₃ Ṡ

|

Avarohanam| Ṡ N₃ D₁ P M₁ G₂ R₂ S
Equivalent| Harmonic minor scale

Carnatic music

Tanjavur-style tambura

Concepts

* Śruti
* Svara
* Rāga
* Tāḷa
* Mēḷakarta
* Asaṃpūrṇa Mēḷakarta

Compositions

* Gītaṃ
* Svarajati
* Varṇaṃ
* Kr̥ti
* Kīrtana
* Rāgaṃ Tānaṃ Pallavi
* Tillana

Instruments

Melody
Sarasvati Vīṇā
Veṇu
Nādasvaraṃ
Goṭṭuvādyaṃ (Citra Vīṇā)
Violin

Percussion
Mr̥daṅgaṃ
Ghaṭaṃ
Morsing
Kanjira
Thavil

Drone
Tambura
Shruti box

* Composers
* Glossary

* v
* t
* e

Keeravani (pronounced keeravāṇi) is a rāgam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is the 21st Melakarta rāgam in the 72 melakarta rāgam system of Carnatic music. The 21st melakarta rāgam as per Muthuswami Dikshitar school of music is Kiraṇāval̥i.

This rāgam is a popular scale in western music as well. The Western equivalent is the Harmonic minor scale.[1][2] It is said to be borrowed into Hindustani music from Carnatic music.

## Structure and Lakshana

[edit]

Keeravani scale with shadjam at C L. Ramakrishnan: instrumental (Veena) improvisation – Alapana and tAnam – in the rAga kIravANI, recorded at Lars Nesbakken's home studio in Portland, Oregon, on Jan 1, 2004.

It is the 3rd rāgam in the 4th chakra Veda. The mnemonic name is Veda-Go. The mnemonic phrase is sa ri gi ma pa dha nu.[1] Its ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure (ascending and descending scale) is as follows (see swaras in Carnatic music for details on below notation and terms):

* ārohaṇa: S R₂ G₂ M₁ P D₁ N₃ Ṡ[a]
* avarohaṇa: Ṡ N₃ D₁ P M₁ G₂ R₂ S[b]

The notes used in this scale are chathusruthi rishabha, sadharana gandhara, suddha madhyama, panchama, suddha dhaivatha, kakali nishadha.

As it is a melakarta rāgam, by definition it is a sampoorna rāgam (has all seven notes in ascending and descending scale). It is the shuddha madhyamam equivalent of Simhendramadhyamam, which is the 57th melakarta.

## Janya Rāgams

[edit]

Keeravani has many janya rāgams (derived scales) associated with it. Kalyāna vasantam is a popular janya of Keeravani. See List of janya rāgams for full list of rāgams associated with Keeravani. Other popular janya ragams include Chandrakouns, Sāmapriya and Vasantamanohari.

## Compositions

[edit]

Many composers have composed songs in Keeravani. A few of them are listed here.

* Panca Bhoota Kiranavalim by Muthuswamy Dikshithar (Sanskrit)
* Kaligiyunte by Thyagaraja (Telugu)
* Ambavani nannu by Muthiah Bhagavatar (Telugu)
* Balasarasa Murali by Oottukkadu Venkata Kavi (Tamil)
* Bhavaye Saarasanabham by Swathi Thirunal Rama Varma (Sanskrit)
* Varamulosagi  by Patnam Subramania Iyer (Telugu)
* Devi neeye thunai by Papanasam Sivan (Tamil)
* nA puNyamu gAdA IshA by Muthiah Bhagavatar (Telugu)
* Sarvaparadhava By Purandara Dasaru (Kannada)
* nijamuga rAma nI pAdamula nitya nammina nnau brOvumu by Poochi Srinivasa Iyengar (Telugu)
* varamulosagi brOcuTa nI karudA jagadAdhara by Patnam Subramania Iyer (Telugu)
* Innamum Sandeha Padalamo by Gopalakrishna Bharathi (Tamil)
* Vinayagane vinaitheerpavane by Ulundhoorpettai Shanmugam (Tamil)
* nI caraNAmbujamunu neranammiti nIrajAkSi by G. N. Balasubramaniam (Telugu)
* Karunakarane Shivashankarane by Papanasam Sivan (Tamil)
* Mahadeshwara Ashtadashanama by Mahesh Mahadev (Sanskrit)
* Sri Dakshinamurthym by M. Balamuralikrishna
* Bhavaye Saadaram by Thulaseevanam
* Vaananai mathi soodiya by Appar (Tamil)
* unnai nambinen aiya by muthuthandavar

## Tamil Film Songs

[edit]

Song  | Movie  | Year  | Composer  | Singer

|
|
|
|

Paattu Padava  | Then Nilavu | 1961  | A. M. Rajah | A. M. Rajah
Oho Endhan Baby  | A. M. Rajah, S. Janaki
Samarasam Ulaavum Idame  | Rambaiyin Kaadhal | 1956  | T. R. Pappa | Seerkazhi Govindarajan
Kunguma Poove Konjum Puraave  | Maragatham | 1959  | S. M. Subbaiah Naidu | J. P. Chandrababu, K. Jamuna Rani
Oh Rasikkum Seemane  | Parasakthi | 1952  | R. Sudarsanam | M. S. Rajeswari
Buddhiyulla Manitharellam  | Annai | 1962  | J. P. Chandrababu
Aasaiyae Alaipolae  | Thai Pirandhal Vazhi Pirakkum | 1958  | K. V. Mahadevan | Thiruchi Loganathan
Seettu Kattu Raja  | Vettaikkaran | 1964  | L. R. Eswari, A. L. Raghavan
Avala Sonnal  | Selvam | 1966  | T. M. Soundararajan
Kannale Pesi Pesi Kolladhe  | Adutha Veettu Penn | 1960  | Adi Narayana Rao | P. B. Sreenivas
Ninaipadhellam  | Nenjil Or Aalayam | 1962  | Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy
Yaar Sirithal Enna  | Idhayathil Nee | 1963
Manavane Azhalaama  | Karpagam | 1963  | P. Susheela
Kangal Irandum Unnai  | Mannadhi Mannan | 1960
Avala Ivala  | L. R. Eswari, L. R. Anjali
Anubhavam Pudhumai  | Kadhalikka Neramillai | 1964  | P. B. Sreenivas, P. Susheela
Kannirendum Minna Minna  | Aandavan Kattalai | 1964  | P. B. Sreenivas, L. R. Eswari
Velli Kinnamthan  | Uyarndha Manithan | 1968  | M. S. Viswanathan | T. M. Soundararajan, P. Susheela
Thaayir Chirandha  | Agathiyar | 1972  | Kunnakudi Vaidyanathan | T. K. Kala
Thanga Sangili  | Thooral Ninnu Pochchu | 1982  | Illayaraja | Malaysia Vasudevan, S. Janaki
Ada Machamulla  | Chinna Veedu | 1985  | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, S. Janaki, S. P. Sailaja, T. V. Gopalakrishnan
Oorai Therinchikitten  | Padikkadavan | 1985  | K. J. Yesudas
Raja Raja Chozhan  | Rettai Vaal Kuruvi | 1987
Kaatril Endhan Geedham  | Johnny | 1980  | S. Janaki
Kodiyile Malliyapoo  | Kadalora Kavithaigal | 1986  | P. Jayachandran, S. Janaki
Raasathi Manasule  | Raasave Unnai Nambi | 1988  | Mano, P. Susheela
Oh Papa Lali  | Idhayathai Thirudathe | 1989  | Mano
Poovoma Oorgolam  | Chinna Thambi | 1991  | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Swarnalatha
Ennai Thalaata  | Kadhalukku Mariyadhai | 1997  | Hariharan
Khajiraho Kanavilor  | Oru Naal Oru Kanavu | 2005  | Hariharan, Shreya Ghoshal
Keeravani Iraviley  | Padum Paravaigal | 1988  | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, S. Janaki
Nenjukulle Innaarunnu  | Ponnumani | 1993
Intha Maamanoda  | Uthama Raasa
Thendral Kaatre  | Kumbakarai Thangaiah | 1991  | Mano, S. Janaki
Ilavenil Ithu Vaikasi Matham  | Kadhal Rojavae | 2000  | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, K. S. Chitra
Chinna Mani Kuyilae  | Amman Kovil Kizhakale | 1986  | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
Mannil Indha  | Keladi Kanmani | 1990
Poongodithan Poothathamma  | Idhayam | 1991
Malaiyoram Veesum Kaatthu  | Paadu Nilave | 1987
Vanaththai Parthen  | Manithan | Chandrabose
Putham Pudhu Malare  | Amaravathi | 1993  | Bala Bharathi
Unnai Thotta Thendral  | Thalaivasal | 1992  | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, K. S. Chitra
Kaadhal Kaadhal Kaadhal  | Poochudava | 1997  | Sirpy
Poomedaiyo  | Aayiram Pookkal Malarattum | 1986  | V. S. Narasimhan | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, S. Janaki
Kannalanae Yenathu  | Bombay | 1995  | A. R. Rahman | K. S. Chithra
Ennai Kaanavillayae Nettrodu  | Kadhal Desam | 1996  | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, O. S. Arun, Rafee
Vennilavae Vennilavae  | Minsara Kanavu | 1997  | Hariharan, Sadhana Sargam
Vetri Kodi Kattu  | Padayappa | 1999  | Malaysia Vasudevan, Palakkad Sreeram
Evano Oruvan  | Alaipayuthey | 2000  | Swarnalatha
Manasukkul Oru Puyal  | Star | 2001  | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Sadhana Sargam
Machhakkari Machhakkari  | Sillunu Oru Kaadhal | 2006  | Shankar Mahadevan, Vasundhara Das
Arima Arima  | Enthiran | 2010  | Hariharan, Sadhana Sargam, Benny Dayal, Naresh Iyer
Neethanae  | Mersal | 2017  | A. R. Rahman, Shreya Ghoshal
Adangaatha Asuran  | Raayan | 2024  | A. R. Rahman, Dhanush
Vaannum Mannum  | Kaadhal Mannan | 1998  | Bharadwaj | Hariharan, K. S. Chithra
Anbae Anbae  | Uyirodu Uyiraga | 1998  | Vidyasagar
Adam Evaal  | Priyam | 1996  | Mano, Devi
Malai Kattru Vandhu

(Ragam Darbarikaanada touches)

| Vedham | 2001  | Hariharan, Mahalakshmi Iyer
Kadhal Arimugama  | Kadhal Kisu Kisu | 2003  | Vijay Prakash, Sujatha
Oru Kaditham  | Deva | 1995  | Deva | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, K. S. Chithra
Enakenna Perandhava  | Kizhakku Karai | 1991
O Ranganatha  | Nesam | 1997
Muthu Nagaye  | Samundi | 1992  | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, S. Janaki
Chanda o Chanda  | Kannedhirey Thondrinal | 1998  | Harini
Taj Mahal Ondru  | Kannodu Kanbathellam | 1999  | Hariharan
Anbe En Anbe  | Nenjinile
Pennkiliye Pennkiliye  | Sandhitha Velai | 2000  | P. Unnikrishnan, Sujatha Mohan
Innisai Paadivarum  | Thulladha Manamum Thullum | 1999  | S. A. Rajkumar | P. Unni Krishnan, K. S. Chithra
Ennavo Ennavo  | Priyamaanavale | 2000  | Hariharan, Mahalakshmi Iyer
Enna Idhuvo  | Aanandham | 2001  | Hariharan
Rangola Ola  | Ghajini | 2005  | Harris Jayaraj | Shankar Mahadevan, Sujatha, Ranjith
Un Sirippinil  | Pachaikili Muthucharam | 2007  | Sowmya Rao, Robby
Thodu Vaanam  | Anegan | 2015  | Hariharan, Durga, Shakthisree Gopalan
Thirumba Thirumba  | Paarvai Ondre Pothume | 2001  | Bharani | Harini, P. Unnikrishnan
Engengo Kaalgal Sellum  | Nandha | Yuvan Shankar Raja | Ilaiyaraaja
Paravaiye Engu Irukkiraai  | Kattradhu Thamizh | 2007
Theendi Theendi  | Bala | 2002  | P. Unnikrishnan, Sujatha Mohan
En Anbae En Anbae  | Mounam Pesiyadhe | Shankar Mahadevan
Anbe Peranbe  | NGK | 2019  | Sid Sriram, Shreya Ghoshal
Azhagaai Pookkuthey  | Ninaithale Inikkum | 2009  | Vijay Antony | Janaki Iyer, Prasanna
Kavithaikal Sollava  | Ullam Kollai Poguthae | 2001  | Karthik Raja | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Sujatha, Hariharan (Pathos)
Oru Murai Piranthen  | Nenjirukkum Varai | 2006  | Srikanth Deva | Hariharan,Sadhana Sargam
Adiye Enna Raagam  | Rummy | 2014  | D. Imman | Abhay Jodhpurkar, Poornima Satish
Yedho Ninaikiren  | Thalai Nagaram | 2006  | Manjari,Devan
Ammadi Ammadi  | Desingu Raja | 2013  | Shreya Ghoshal
Kannamma Kannamma  | Rekka | 2016  | Nandini Srikar
Velicha Poove  | Ethir Neechal | 2013  | Anirudh Ravichander | Mohit Chauhan, Shreya Ghoshal
Manasula Soora Kaathey  | Cuckoo | 2014  | Santhosh Narayanan | Sean Roldan,Divya Ramani
En Nadanam  | Tamilzh Padam 2 | 2018  | Kannan | Sharreth, Vijay Prakash
Nenjil Mamazhai  | Nimir | B. Ajaneesh Loknath | Haricharan,Shweta Mohan
Uyir Uruvaatha  | Iravukku Aayiram Kangal | Sam C. S. | Sathyaprakash, Chinmayi

### Janya Ragam:Rishipriya

[edit]

Song  | Movie  | Year  | Composer  | Singer

|
|
|
|

Udhayam Neeye  | Ennarukil Nee Irunthal | 1991  | Illayaraja | S. Janaki

## Tamil Non Film Songs

[edit]

Song  | Album  | Year  | Composer  | Singer  | Source

|
|
|
|
|

Anbe Yen Maruththaai | Azhagiya Kaadhal | 2023  | Ramana | Ramana | Anbe Yen Maruththaai on YouTube
Gnyaabaga Alaigal (Instrumental)  | - | Gnyaabaga Alaigal (Instrumental) on YouTube

## Related rāgams

[edit]

This section covers the theoretical and scientific aspect of this rāgam.

Keeravani's notes when shifted using Graha bhedam, yields 3 other major melakarta rāgams, namely, Hemavati, Vakulabharanam and Kosalam. For further details and an illustration refer Graha bhedam on Keeravani.

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ Alternate notations:

* Hindustani: S R G̱ M P Ḏ N Ṡ
* Western: C D E♭ F G A♭ B C

2. ^ Alternate notations:

* Hindustani: Ṡ N Ḏ P M G̱ R S
* Western: C B A♭ G F E♭ D C

## References

[edit]

* India portal
* Music portal

1. ^ a b Ragas in Carnatic music by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications
2. ^ Raganidhi by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras

* v
* t
* e

Melakarta Ragas

Shuddha
Madhyama
Ragas|

| Indu chakra|

* 1\. Kanakangi
* 2\. Ratnangi
* 3\. Ganamurti
* 4\. Vanaspati
* 5\. Manavati
* 6\. Tanarupi

|

Netra chakra|

* 7\. Senavati
* 8\. Hanumatodi
* 9\. Dhenuka
* 10\. Natakapriya
* 11\. Kokilapriya
* 12\. Rupavati

Agni chakra|

* 13\. Gayakapriya
* 14\. Vakulabharanam
* 15\. Mayamalavagowla
* 16\. Chakravakam
* 17\. Suryakantam
* 18\. Hatakambari

Veda chakra|

* 19\. Jhankaradhvani
* 20\. Natabhairavi
* 21\. Keeravani
* 22\. Kharaharapriya
* 23\. Gourimanohari
* 24\. Varunapriya

Bana chakra|

* 25\. Mararanjani
* 26\. Charukesi
* 27\. Sarasangi
* 28\. Harikambhoji
* 29\. Sankarabharanam
* 30\. Naganandini

Ritu chakra|

* 31\. Yagapriya
* 32\. Ragavardhini
* 33\. Gangeyabhushani
* 34\. Vagadheeswari
* 35\. Shulini
* 36\. Chalanata

Prati
Madhyama
Ragas|

| Rishi chakra|

* 37\. Salagam
* 38\. Jalarnavam
* 39\. Jhalavarali
* 40\. Navaneetam
* 41\. Pavani
* 42\. Raghupriya

|

Vasu chakra|

* 43\. Gavambhodi
* 44\. Bhavapriya
* 45\. Shubhapantuvarali
* 46\. Shadvidamargini
* 47\. Suvarnangi
* 48\. Divyamani

Brahma chakra|

* 49\. Dhavalambari
* 50\. Namanarayani
* 51\. Kamavardani
* 52\. Ramapriya
* 53\. Gamanashrama
* 54\. Vishwambari

Disi chakra|

* 55\. Shamalangi
* 56\. Shanmukhapriya
* 57\. Simhendramadhyamam
* 58\. Hemavati
* 59\. Dharmavati
* 60\. Neetimati

Rudra chakra|

* 61\. Kantamani
* 62\. Rishabhapriya
* 63\. Latangi
* 64\. Vachaspati
* 65\. Mechakalyani
* 66\. Chitrambari

Aditya chakra|

* 67\. Sucharitra
* 68\. Jyoti swarupini
* 69\. Dhatuvardani
* 70\. Nasikabhushani
* 71\. Kosalam
* 72\. Rasikapriya

* Carnatic music
* Swaras
* Ragas
* Asampurna Melakarta Ragas
* Janya ragas
* List of Janya ragas

* v
* t
* e

Janya ragas

A-B|

* Abheri
* Abhogi
* Ahiri
* Amritavarshini
* Amritha Kalyani
* Anandabhairavi
* Andolika
* Arabhi
* Asaveri
* Atana
* Bageshri
* Bahudari
* Bhairavi
* Bhimsen
* Bhupalam
* Bilahari
* Bowli

D-J|

* Darbar
* Darbari Kanada
* Devagandhari
* Dhanyasi
* Gambhiranata
* Garudadhvani
* Gaula
* Hamsadhvani
* Hamsanadam
* Hamsanandi
* Hindolam
* Jana Ranjani
* Jaunpuri

K-L|

* Kalavati
* Kalyanavasantam
* Kambhoji
* Kāpi
* Karnataka Shuddha Saveri
* Kathanakuthuhalam
* Kedaragaula
* Kedaram
* Khamas
* Lalitha
* Lavangi

* Mahati
* Madhuvanti
* Madhyamavati
* Malahari
* Malayamarutam
* Mohanakalyani
* Mohanam
* Mukhari

N-R|

* Nada Kalyani
* Nagasvaravali
* Nata
* Nattakurinji
* Navarasa kannada
* Niroshta
* Pharaju
* Poornachandrika
* Punnagavarali
* Ranjani
* Reethigowla
* Revagupti
* Revati

* Sahana
* Salaga Bhairavi
* Saramati
* Saveri
* Shivaranjani
* Sri Tyagaraja
* Shree ragam
* Shree ranjani
* Shuddha Saveri
* Sindhu Bhairavi
* Sunadavinodini
* Surutti

T-V|

* Thyagaraja Mangalam
* Tilang
* Udayaravichandrika (Shuddha Dhanyasi)
* Valaji
* Varali
* Vasantha
* Yadukulakamboji
* Yamunakalyani

* Carnatic music
* Swaras
* Melakarta ragas
* Asampurna Melakarta ragas
* List of Janya ragas

*[S]: Shadja (Sa)
*[R₂]: Chatushruti Rishabha
*[G₂]: Sadharana Gandhara
*[M₁]: Shuddha Madhyama
*[P]: Pancham (Pa)
*[D₁]: Shuddha Dhaivata
*[N₃]: Kakali Nishada
*[Ṡ]: Shadja (Sa, higher octave)
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[R]: Shuddha Re
*[G̱]: Komal Gandhara
*[M]: Shuddha Madhyama
*[Ḏ]: Komal Dhaivata
*[N]: Shuddha Nishada