Kenwood Astrophysical Observatory

The Kenwood Astrophysical Observatory was the personal observatory of George Ellery Hale, constructed by his father, William E. Hale, in 1890 at the family home in the Kenwood section of Chicago.[1] It was here that the spectroheliograph, which Hale had invented while attending MIT, was first put to practical use; and it was here that Hale established the Astrophysical Journal. Kenwood's principal instrument was a twelve-inch refractor, which was used in conjunction with a Rowland grating as part of the spectroheliograph. Hale hired Ferdinand Ellerman as an assistant; years later, the two would work together again at the Mount Wilson Observatory.

Hale's work attracted the attention of many in the astronomical community, and when he was hired at the University of Chicago as a professor of astronomy, more advanced astronomy students initially used the Kenwood Observatory.[2] When Yerkes Observatory was established in 1897, the Kenwood instruments were donated to the University of Chicago and moved to the Yerkes facility in Williams Bay, Wisconsin.

The 12-inch telescope was one of the instruments besides the large 40-inch aperture refractor for the start of Yerkes observatory in the 1890s.[3] The observatory was also called Kenwood Observatory.[3]

Yerkes Observatory in the old days in Williams Bay, Wisconsin, where the twin 12-inch refractor was moved.

The 12-inch refractor is noted as being moved to the north dome of the Yerkes observatory, but was eventually replaced by a 24-inch reflector telescope.[4]

The 12 inch refractor was a double telescope with one for visual observation and another objective for astrophotography,[5]

## See also

[edit]

* List of astronomical observatories

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Kenwood Astrophysical Observatory Buildings, Instruments, Equipment, Grounds
2. ^ Starr, Frederick (October 1897). "Science at the University of Chicago". Popular Science Monthly. 51 (May to October 1897). New York: D. Appleton and Company: 802. Retrieved Oct 25, 2015.
3. ^ a b Hale, George E. (1896). "1896ApJ.....3..215H Page 215". The Astrophysical Journal. 3: 215. Bibcode:1896ApJ.....3..215H. doi:10.1086/140199.
4. ^ "National Park Service: Astronomy and Astrophysics (Yerkes Observatory)". www.nps.gov. Retrieved 2019-10-23.
5. ^ Frost, Edwin B. (1897). "The Yerkes Observatory". Science. 6 (150): 721–724\. Bibcode:1897Sci.....6..721F. doi:10.1126/science.6.150.721. ISSN 0036-8075. JSTOR 1624961. PMID 17738251.721-724&rft.date=1897&rft_id=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1624961#id-name=JSTOR&rft_id=info:bibcode/1897Sci.....6..721F&rft_id=info:pmid/17738251&rft_id=info:doi/10.1126/science.6.150.721&rft.issn=0036-8075&rft.aulast=Frost&rft.aufirst=Edwin+B.&rft_id=https://zenodo.org/record/2083875&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Kenwood+Astrophysical+Observatory" class="Z3988">

* "Obituary Notices: Associates:- Hale, George Ellery". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 99 (1): 323–324\. November 1938. Bibcode:1939MNRAS..99..322.. doi:10.1093/mnras/99.4.322. Retrieved 2008-02-05.323-324&rft.date=1938-11&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093/mnras/99.4.322&rft_id=info:bibcode/1939MNRAS..99..322.&rft_id=http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/full/seri/MNRAS/0099/0000323.000.html?high=470d1e2df519895&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Kenwood+Astrophysical+Observatory" class="Z3988">
* Simmons, Mike (1983). "History of Mount Wilson Observatory". Archived from the original on 2007-12-19. Retrieved 2008-02-05.
* Steele, Diana (March 20, 1997). "Yerkes Observatory: A century of stellar science". University of Chicago Chronicle. 16 (13). Retrieved 2008-02-05.

## External links

[edit]

* Photographs of the Kenwood Astrophysical Observatory and equipment
* Image of the Kenwood Observatory courtesy of the UoC
* Hale's double refractor at Yerkes

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41°48′42″N 87°36′11″W﻿ / ﻿41.8117°N 87.6031°W﻿ / 41.8117; -87.6031
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