Khushwant Singh

Indian author, lawyer, diplomat, journalist and politician (1914–2014)

Khushwant Singh

Khushwant Singh at a reading in New Delhi

Born| Khushal Singh
(1915-02-02)2 February 1915
Hadali, Punjab Province, British India
(now in Punjab, Pakistan)
Died| 20 March 2014(2014-03-20) (aged 99)
New Delhi, India
Occupation| Lawyer, journalist, diplomat, writer, politician
Nationality| Indian
Alma mater| Government College, Lahore (B.A.)
University of London (LL.B.)
Notable works| The History of Sikhs
Train to Pakistan
Delhi: A Novel
The Company of Women
Truth, Love and a Little Malice: An Autobiography
With Malice towards One and All
Why I Supported the Emergency: Essays and Profiles
Khushwantnama, The Lessons of My Life
Punjab, Punjabis & Punjabiyat: Reflections on a Land and its People
The Mark of Vishnu and Other Stories
The Portrait of a Lady
Notable awards| Rockefeller Grant
Padma Bhushan
Honest Man of the Year
Punjab Rattan Award
Padma Vibhushan
Sahitya Akademi Fellowship
All-India Minorities Forum Annual Fellowship Award
Lifetime Achievement Award
Fellow of King's College
The Grove Press Award
Relatives| Sardar Sujan Singh (grandfather)
Lakshmi Devi (grandmother)
Sir Sobha Singh (father)
Viran Bai (mother)
Sardar Ujjal Singh (uncle)
Bhagwant Singh (brother)
Brigadier Gurbux Singh (brother)
Daljit Singh (brother)
Mohinder Kaur (sister)
Kanwal Malik (spouse)
Rahul Singh (son)
Mala (daughter)
Sir Teja Singh Malik (father-in-law)

Khushwant Singh (born Khushal Singh, 2 February 1915 – 20 March 2014) was an Indian author, lawyer, diplomat, journalist and politician. His experience in the 1947 Partition of India inspired him to write Train to Pakistan in 1956 (made into film in 1998), which became his most well-known novel.[1][2]

Born in Punjab, Khushwant Singh was educated in Modern School, New Delhi, St. Stephen's College, and graduated from Government College, Lahore. He studied at King's College London and was awarded an LL.B. from University of London. He was called to the bar at the London Inner Temple. After working as a lawyer in Lahore High Court for eight years, he joined the Indian Foreign Service upon the Independence of India from British Empire in 1947. He was appointed journalist in the All India Radio in 1951, and then moved to the Department of Mass Communications of UNESCO at Paris in 1956. These last two careers encouraged him to pursue a literary career. As a writer, he was best known for his trenchant secularism,[3] humour, sarcasm and an abiding love of poetry. His comparisons of social and behavioural characteristics of Westerners and Indians are laced with acid wit. He served as the editor of several literary and news magazines, as well as two newspapers, through the 1970s and 1980s. Between 1980 and 1986 he served as Member of Parliament in Rajya Sabha, the upper house of the Parliament of India.

Khushwant Singh was awarded the Padma Bhushan in 1974;[4] however, he returned the award in 1984 in protest against Operation Blue Star in which the Indian Army raided Amritsar. In 2007, he was awarded the Padma Vibhushan, the second-highest civilian award in India.[5]

## Early life[edit]

Khushwant Singh was born in Hadali, Khushab District, Punjab (which now lies in Pakistan), in a Sikh family. He was the younger son of Sir Sobha Singh, who later witnessed against Bhagat Singh, and Veeran Bai. Births and deaths were not recorded in his time, and for him his father simply made up 2 February 1915 for his school enrollment at Modern School, New Delhi.[6] But his grandmother Lakshmi Devi asserted that he was born in August, so he later set the date for himself as 15 August.[1] Sobha Singh was a prominent builder in Lutyens' Delhi.[7] His uncle Sardar Ujjal Singh (1895–1983) was previously Governor of Punjab and Tamil Nadu.

His birth name, given by his grandmother, was Khushal Singh (meaning "Prosperous Lion"). He was called by a pet name "Shalee". At school his name earned him ridicule as other boys would mock him with an expression, "Shalee Shoolee, Bagh dee Moolee" (meaning, "This shalee or shoolee is the radish of some garden.") He chose Khushwant so that it rhymes with his elder brother's name Bhagwant.[8] He declared that his new name was "self-manufactured and meaningless". However, he later discovered that there was a Hindu physician with the same name, and the number subsequently increased.[9]

He entered the Delhi Modern School in 1920 and studied there till 1930. There he met his future wife, Kanwal Malik, one year his junior.[6] He studied Intermediate of Arts at St. Stephen's College in Delhi during 1930-1932.[10] He pursued higher education at Government College, Lahore, in 1932,[11] and got his BA in 1934 by a "third-class degree".[12] Then he went to King's College London to study law, and was awarded an LL.B. from University of London in 1938. He was subsequently called to the bar at the London Inner Temple.[13][14][15]

## Career[edit]

Khushwant Singh started his professional career as a practicing lawyer in 1939 at Lahore in the Chamber of Manzur Qadir and Ijaz Husain Batalvi. He worked at Lahore Court for eight years where he worked with some of his best friends and fans including Akhtar Aly Kureshy, Advocate, and Raja Muhammad Arif, Advocate. In 1947, he entered the Indian Foreign Service for the newly independent India. He started as Information Officer of the Government of India in Toronto, Canada, and moved on to be the Press Attaché and Public Officer for the Indian High Commission for four years in London and Ottawa. In 1951, he joined the All India Radio as a journalist. Between 1954 and 1956 he worked in Department of Mass Communication of the UNESCO at Paris.[16][17] From 1956 he turned to editorial services. He founded and edited Yojana,[18] an Indian government journal in 1951–1953; The Illustrated Weekly of India, a newsweekly;The National Herald.[19][20] He was also appointed as editor of Hindustan Times on Indira Gandhi's personal recommendation.[21]

During his tenure, The Illustrated Weekly became India's pre-eminent newsweekly, with its circulation raising from 65,000 to 400,000.[22] After working for nine years in the weekly, on 25 July 1978, a week before he was to retire, the management asked Singh to leave "with immediate effect".[22] A new editor was installed the same day.[22] After Singh's departure, the weekly suffered a huge drop in readership.[23] In 2016 Khushwant Singh enters Limca Book of Records as a tribute.[24]

## Politics[edit]

Khushwant Singh meeting Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam before receiving the Padma Vibhushan.

From 1980 to 1986, Singh was a member of Rajya Sabha, the upper house of the Indian parliament. He was awarded the Padma Bhushan in 1974 for service to his country. In 1984, he returned the award in protest against the siege of the Golden Temple by the Indian Army.[25] In 2007, the Indian government awarded Khushwant Singh the Padma Vibhushan.[5]

As a public figure, Khushwant Singh was accused of favouring the ruling Congress party, especially during the reign of Indira Gandhi. When Indira Gandhi announced nation-wide-emergency, he openly supported it and was derisively called an 'establishment liberal'.[26]

Singh's faith in the Indian political system was shaken by the Anti-Sikh Riots that followed Indira Gandhi's assassination, in which major Congress politicians are alleged to be involved; but he remained resolutely positive on the promise of Indian democracy[27] and worked via Citizen's Justice Committee floated by H. S. Phoolka who is a senior advocate of Delhi High Court.

Singh was a votary of greater diplomatic relations with Israel at a time when India did not want to displease Arab nations where thousands of Indians found employment. He visited Israel in the 1970s and was impressed by its progress.[28]

## Personal life[edit]

Khushwant Singh was married to Kanwal Malik. Malik was his childhood friend who had moved to London earlier. They met again when he studied law at King's College London, and soon got married.[2] They were married in Delhi, with Chetan Anand and Iqbal Singh as the only invitees.[29] Muhammad Ali Jinnah also attended the formal service.[30] They had a son, named Rahul Singh, and a daughter, named Mala. His wife predeceased him in 2001.[19] Actress Amrita Singh is the daughter of his brother Daljit Singh's son – Shavinder Singh and Rukhsana Sultana. He stayed in "Sujan Singh Park", near Khan Market New Delhi, Delhi's first apartment complex, built by his father in 1945, and named after his grandfather.[31]

### Religious belief[edit]

Singh was a self-proclaimed agnostic, as the title of his 2011 book Agnostic Khushwant: There is no God explicitly revealed. He was particularly against organised religion. He was evidently inclined towards atheism, as he said, "One can be a saintly person without believing in God and a detestable villain believing in him. In my personalised religion, There Is No God!"[32] He also once said, "I don't believe in rebirth or in reincarnation, in the day of judgement or in heaven or hell. I accept the finality of death."[33] His last book The Good, The Bad and The Ridiculous was published in October 2013, following which he retired from writing.[34] The book was his continued critique of religion and especially its practice in India, including the critique of the clergy and priests. It earned a lot of acclaim in India.[35] Khushwant Singh had once controversially claimed that Sikhism was a form of "bearded Hinduism".[36]

### Death[edit]

Singh died of natural causes on 20 March 2014 at his Delhi residence, at the age of 99. The President, Vice-President and Prime Minister of India all issued messages honouring Singh.[37] He was cremated at Lodhi Crematorium in Delhi at 4 in the afternoon of the same day.[3] During his lifetime, Khushwant Singh was keen on burial because he believed that with a burial we give back to the earth what we have taken. He had requested the management of the Baháʼí Faith if he could be buried in their cemetery. After initial agreement, they had proposed some conditions which were unacceptable to Singh, and hence the idea was later abandoned.[38] He was born in Hadali, Khushab District in the Punjab Province of modern Pakistan, in 1915. According to his wishes, some of his ashes were brought and scattered in Hadali.[39]

In 1943 he had already written his own obituary, included in his collection of short stories Posthumous. Under the headline "Sardar Khushwant Singh Dead", the text reads:

> We regret to announce the sudden death of Sardar Khushwant Singh at 6 pm last evening. He leaves behind a young widow, two infant children and a large number of friends and admirers. Amongst those who called at the late sardar’s residence were the PA to the chief justice, several ministers, and judges of the high court.[40]

He also prepared an epitaph for himself, which runs:

> Here lies one who spared neither man nor God;
>  Waste not your tears on him, he was a sod;
> Writing nasty things he regarded as great fun;
> Thank the Lord he is dead, this son of a gun.[41]

He was cremated and his ashes are buried in Hadali school, where a plaque is placed bearing the inscription:

> IN MEMORY OF
>  SARDAR KHUSHWANT SINGH
>  (1915–2014)
>  A SIKH, A SCHOLAR AND A SON OF HADALI (Punjab)
>  'This is where my roots are. I have nourished them with tears of nostalgia ...[42]'

## Honours and awards[edit]

* Rockefeller Grant, 1966[15]
* Padma Bhushan, Government of India (1974) (He returned the decoration in 1984 in protest against the Union government's siege of the Golden Temple, Amritsar)[17]
* Honest Man of the Year, Sulabh International (2000)[20]
* Punjab Rattan Award, The Government of Punjab (2006)[17]
* Padma Vibhushan, Government of India (2007)[17]
* Sahitya Akademi Fellowship by Sahitya academy of India (2010)[43]
* 'All-India Minorities Forum Annual Fellowship Award' by Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Akhilesh Yadav (2012)[44]
* Lifetime achievement award by Tata Literature Live! The Mumbai Litfest in 2013[17]
* Fellow of King's College London in January 2014[15]
* 'The Grove Press Award' for the best fiction.

## Literary works[edit]

### Books[edit]

* The Mark of Vishnu and Other Stories, (short story) 1950[45]
* The History of Sikhs, 1953
* Train to Pakistan, (novel) 1956[45]
* The Voice of God and Other Stories, (short story) 1957[45]
* I Shall Not Hear the Nightingale, (novel) 1959[45]
* The Sikhs Today, 1959[45]
* The Fall of the Kingdom of the Punjab, 1962[45]
* A History of the Sikhs, 1963[46][47]
* Ranjit Singh: The Maharaja of the Punjab, 1963[45]
* Ghadar 1915: India's first armed revolution, 1966[45]
* A Bride of the Sahib and Other Stories, (short story) 1967[45]
* Black Jasmine, (short story) 1971[45]
* Tragedy of Punjab, 1984 (with Kuldip Nayar)[48]
* The Sikhs, 1984[49]
* The Collected Stories of Khushwant Singh, Ravi Dayal Publisher, 1989[50]
* More Malicious Gossip, 1989 (collection of essays)[51]
* Delhi: A Novel, (Novel) 1990[45]
* Sex, Scotch & Scholarship, 1992 (collection of essays)[52]
* Not a Nice Man to Know: The Best of Khushwant Singh, 1993[45]
* We Indians, 1993[45]
* Women and Men in My Life, 1995[45]
* Declaring Love in Four Languages, by Khushwant Singh and Sharda Kaushik, 1997[53]
* The Company of Women, (novel) 1999[45]
* Big Book of Malice, 2000, (collection of essays)[54]
* India: An Introduction, 2003[55]
* Truth, Love and a Little Malice: An Autobiography, 2002[56]
* With Malice towards One and All[57]
* The End of India, 2003[45]
* Burial at the Sea, 2004[45]
* A History of the Sikhs, 2004 (2nd edition)[58]
* Paradise and Other Stories, 2004[45]
* A History of the Sikhs: 1469–1838, 2004[59]
* Death at My Doorstep, 2004[56]
* A History of the Sikhs: 1839–2004, 2005[60]
* The Illustrated History of the Sikhs, 2006[45]
* Land of Five Rivers, 2006[61]
* Why I Supported the Emergency: Essays and Profiles, 2009[45]
* The Sunset Club, (novel) 2010[62]
* Gods and Godmen of India, 2012[63]
* Agnostic Khushwant: There is no God, 2012[64]
* The Freethinker's Prayer Book and Some Words to Live By, 2012[65]
* The Good, the Bad and the Ridiculous, 2013 (co-authored with Humra Qureshi)[56]
* Khushwantnama, The Lessons of My Life, 2013[66]
* Punjab, Punjabis & Punjabiyat: Reflections on a Land and its People, 2018 (posthumously compiled by his daughter Mala Dayal)[67]

### Short story[edit]

* The Portrait of a Lady[68]
* The Strain[69]
* Success Mantra[69]
* A Love Affair in London[69]
* The Wog[70]
* The Portrait of a Lady: Collected Stories (2013)[56]

### Play[edit]

Television Documentary: Third World—Free Press (also presenter; Third Eye series), 1983 (UK).[71]

## See also[edit]

* "Karma", a short story by Khushwant Singh
* List of Indian writers

## Notes[edit]

1. ^ a b Sengupta, Somini (20 March 2014). "Khushwant Singh, provocative Indian journalist, dies at 99". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 February 2018.
2. ^ a b Subramonian, Surabhi (20 March 2014). "India's very own literary genius Khushwant Singh passes away, read his story". dna. Diligent Media Corporation Ltd. Retrieved 7 May 2015.
3. ^ a b TNN (20 March 2014). "Khushwant Singh, journalist and writer, dies at 99". The Times of India. Retrieved 21 March 2014.
4. ^ "Padma Awards" (PDF). Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 October 2015. Retrieved 21 July 2015.
5. ^ a b TNT (28 January 2008). "Those who said no to top awards". The Times of India. Retrieved 7 May 2015.
6. ^ a b Singh, Rahul (2008). "The Man in the Light Bulb: Khushwant Singh". In Dharker, Anil (ed.). Icons: Men & Women Who Shaped Today's India. New Delhi: Lotus Collection, an imprint of Roli Books. ISBN 978-81-7436-612-2.
7. ^ Singh, Ranjit (2008). Sikh Achievers. New Delhi: Hemkunt Publishers. p. 168\. ISBN 978-8-17-01036-53.
8. ^ Singh, Khushwant (19 February 2001). "The Kh Factor". Outlook. Retrieved 7 May 2015.
9. ^ Singh, Khushwant (25 November 2006). "DON'T WORRY, BE HAPPY". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 18 May 2015. Retrieved 7 May 2015.
10. ^ Singh, Khushwant (2000). "Forward". In Chatterji, Lola (ed.). The Fiction of St. Stephen's. New Delhi: Ravi Dayal Publisher. pp. v–vi. ISBN 81-7530-030-2. OCLC 45799950.
11. ^ "The Tribune, Chandigarh, India – Khushwant Singh 1915 — 2014 Selected Columns". tribuneindia.com. Retrieved 1 March 2020.
12. ^ Massey, Reginald (20 March 2014). "Khushwant Singh obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 1 March 2020.
13. ^ Vinita Rani, "Style and Structure in the Short Stories of Khushwant Singh. A Critical Study. Archived 12 August 2012 at the Wayback Machine", PhD Thesis
14. ^ Singh, Khuswant (2000). Bhattacharjea, Aditya; Chatterji, Lola (eds.). The Fiction of St. Stephen's. New Delhi: Ravi Dayal Publisher. p. v. ISBN 978-8-17-53003-09.
15. ^ a b c "Khushwant Singh awarded Fellowship". King's College London. Retrieved 21 March 2014.
16. ^ Press Trust of India (20 March 2014). "Khushwant Singh could easily switch roles from author to commentator and journalist". The Indian Express. Retrieved 21 March 2014.
17. ^ a b c d e "Life and times of Khushwant Singh l". India Today. Retrieved 21 March 2014.
18. ^ "Yojana". Retrieved 18 September 2013.
19. ^ a b PTI (20 March 2014). "Khushwant Singh, renowned author and journalist, passes away". The Economic Times. Bennett, Coleman & Co. Ltd. Retrieved 21 March 2016.
20. ^ a b "Khushwant Singh, 1915-". The South Asian Literary Recording Project. The Library of Congress (New Delhi). 2016. Retrieved 21 March 2016.
21. ^ Dev, Atul. "History repeating at Shobhana Bhartia's Hindustan Times". The Caravan. Retrieved 3 May 2020.
22. ^ a b c Khushwant Singh (1993). "Farewell to the Illustrated Weekly". In Nandini Mehta (ed.). Not a Nice Man To Know. Penguin Books. p. 8\. "On 25 July 1978, one week before he was to retire, he was abruptly asked to leave with immediate effect. Khushwant quietly got up, collected his umbrella, and without a word to his staff, left the office where he had worked for nine years, raising the Illustrated Weekly's circulation from 65,000 to 400,000. The new editor was installed the same day, and ordered by the Weekly's management to kill the "Farewell" column."
23. ^ "Khushwant Singh's Journalism: The Illustrated Weekly of India". Sepiamutiny.com. 4 August 2006. Retrieved 9 August 2009.
24. ^ "Tribute – Khushwant Singh". Limca Book of Records. Archived from the original on 8 August 2016. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
25. ^ "Those who said no to top awards". The Times of India. 20 January 2008. Retrieved 5 November 2008.
26. ^ "Why I Supported Emergency | Outlook India Magazine". Outlook India. Retrieved 3 May 2020.
27. ^ Singh, Khushwant, "Oh, That Other Hindu Riot of Passage," Outlook Magazine, November, 07, 2004, available at [1]
28. ^ Singh, Khushwant (18 October 2003). "THIS ABOVE ALL : When Israel was a distant dream". The Tribune. Retrieved 27 March 2014.
29. ^ Singh, Khushwant (2000). Khushwant Singh's Big Book of Malice. New Delhi: Penguin Books. p. 126\. ISBN 0-14-029832-0. OCLC 45420301.
30. ^ Singh, Khushwant (2000). Khushwant Singh: An Icon of Our Age. Jiya Prakashan. p. 79.
31. ^ "Making history with brick and mortar". Hindustan Times. 15 September 2011. Archived from the original on 5 December 2012.
32. ^ Nayar, Aruti. "Staring into The Abyss: Khushwant Singh's Personal Struggles With Organized Religion". sikhchic.com. Retrieved 21 March 2014.
33. ^ Khuswant, Singh (16 August 2010). "How To Live & Die". Outlook.
34. ^ "Veteran Writer and Novelist Khushwant Singh passes away at 99". news.biharprabha.com. Retrieved 20 March 2014.
35. ^ Tiwary, Akash (21 March 2014). "Khushwant Singh's demise bereaves India of its most articulate agnostic". The Avenue Mail. Retrieved 21 March 2014.
36. ^ Arora, Subhash Chander (1990). Turmoil in Punjab Politics. Mittal Publications. p. 188\. ISBN 9788170992516.
37. ^ "President, Prime Minister of India condole Khushwant Singh's Demise". IANS. news.biharprabha.com. Retrieved 20 March 2014.
38. ^ "Excerpt: How To Live & Die". Outlook India. Retrieved 23 March 2014.
39. ^ Train to Pakistan : 2014
40. ^ Singh, Khushwant (16 October 2010). "How To Live & Die". Outlook. Retrieved 7 May 2015.
41. ^ PTI (20 March 2014). "Here lies one who spared neither man nor God: Khushwant's epitaph for himself". The Hindu. Retrieved 7 May 2015.
42. ^ Masood, Tariq (15 June 2014). "Khushwant Singh: The final homecoming". Tribune. Retrieved 7 May 2015.
43. ^ Mukherjee, Abishek (20 March 2014). "Khushwant Singh and the cricket connection". The Cricket Country. Retrieved 21 March 2014.
44. ^ "Akhilesh honours Khushwant-Singh". The Times of India. Retrieved 21 March 2014.
45. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t "Khushwant Singh". Open University. Retrieved 21 March 2014.
46. ^ Singh, Khushwant (1963). A History of the Sikhs. Princeton University Press.
47. ^ Broomfield, J. H. (1964). "A History of the Sikhs . Khushwant Singh". The Journal of Modern History. 36 (4): 439–440. doi:10.1086/239500. ISSN 0022-2801.
48. ^ Bobb, Dilip (15 November 1984). "Book reviews: 'Tragedy of Punjab' and 'Bhindranwale, Myth and Reality'". India Today. Retrieved 8 September 2022.
49. ^ Nath, Aman (15 June 1984). "Book review: Khushwant Singh's 'The Sikhs'". India Today. Retrieved 8 September 2022.
50. ^ Singh, Khushwant (2005). The Collected Short Stories of Khushwant Singh. Orient Blackswan. ISBN 978-81-7530-044-6.
51. ^ Singh, Khushwant (18 September 2006). More Malicious Gossip. Harper Collins. ISBN 978-93-5029-290-7.
52. ^ Singh, Khushwant (2004). Sex, Scotch And Scholarship. HarperCollins. ISBN 978-81-7223-469-0.
53. ^ "Poetic Injustice". Outlook India. 6 February 2022. Retrieved 8 September 2022.
54. ^ Singh, Khushwant (2000). Khushwant Singh's Big Book of Malice. Penguin Books India. ISBN 978-0-14-029832-1.
55. ^ Singh, Khushwant (2003). India: An Introduction. HarperCollins. ISBN 978-81-7223-548-2.
56. ^ a b c d "Khushwant Singh's 10 most talked about books". The Times of India. 20 March 2014. Retrieved 8 September 2022.
57. ^ "With Malice Towards One and All: Best of Khushwant's columns". Hindustan Times. 20 March 2014. Retrieved 8 September 2022.
58. ^ Singh, Khushwant (1966). A History of the Sikhs (2 ed.). Princeton University Press.
59. ^ Singh, Khushwant (2004). A History of the Sikhs: 1469–1838 (2, illustrated ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 434\. ISBN 9780195673081. Retrieved 7 July 2009.
60. ^ Singh, Khushwant (2005). A History of the Sikhs: 1839–2004 (2, illustrated ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 547\. ISBN 978-0195673098. Retrieved 7 July 2009.
61. ^ "The Sunday Tribune - Books". www.tribuneindia.com. Retrieved 8 September 2022.
62. ^ Haider, Raana (2 June 2018). "A Review of The Sunset Club". The Daily Star. Retrieved 8 September 2022.
63. ^ Singh, Khushwant (2003). Gods and Godmen of India. HarperCollins. ISBN 978-81-7223-533-8.
64. ^ "The Sunday Tribune - Books". www.tribuneindia.com. Retrieved 8 September 2022.
65. ^ "Book excerpt: The Freethinker's Prayer Book". Hindustan Times. 12 October 2012. Retrieved 8 September 2022.
66. ^ "Khushwantnama". Free Press Journal. Retrieved 8 September 2022.
67. ^ "New book brings together Khushwant Singh's best on Punjab and its people". The Times of India. 16 August 2018. Retrieved 8 September 2022.
68. ^ "Review: The Portrait of a Lady by Khushwant Singh - Travelling Through Words". 22 June 2016. Retrieved 8 September 2022.
69. ^ a b c "The collected short stories of Khushwant Singh". www.worldcat.org. 1989. Retrieved 8 September 2022.
70. ^ "Khushwant Singh's "The Wog" Free Essay Example". StudyMoose. 18 March 2017. Retrieved 8 September 2022.
71. ^ "Third Eye: Third World – Free Press?". BFI. Archived from the original on 22 March 2014. Retrieved 21 March 2014.

## References[edit]

* Chopra, Radika."Social Criticism through Social History in Khushwant Singh's non-fiction". Muse India Journal. Issue 44. July–August 2012.
* Chopra, Radika. "Fiction as Social History:A Study of Khushwant Singh's Novels". The IUP Journal of English Studies Vol 1. viii, No. 2 June 2013. pp. 59–77.

## External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Khushwant Singh.

Wikiquote has quotations related to Khushwant Singh.

* Khushwant Singh at IMDb
* Works by Khushwant Singh at Open Library
* Profile at King's College London
* Essay on Khushwant Singh on The Literary Encyclopedia
* Biography: Khushwant Singh
* Khushwant Singh talking about Partition and the writing of 'Train to Pakistan'

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* Duleep Singh

Military
conflicts|

| Mughal-Sikh Wars|

* Battle of Bhangani
* Nadaun
* Basoli
* Nirmohgarh
* 1st Anandpur
* 2nd Anandpur
* Chamkaur
* Sarsa
* Muktsar
* Sonepat
* Samana
* Sirhind
* Sadhaura
* Chappar Chiri
* Rahon
* Lohgarh
* Jalalabad
* Jammu
* Gurdas Nangal
* Delhi

|

Afghan–Sikh wars|

* Battle of Lahore
* Battle of Attock
* Battle of Multan
* Battle of Shopian
* Battle of Nowshera
* Battle of Peshawar
* Battle of Jamrud

First Anglo-Sikh War|

* Battle of Mudki
* Battle of Ferozeshah
* Battle of Aliwal
* Battle of Sobraon

Second Anglo-Sikh War|

* Battle of Ramnagar
* Battle of Chillianwala
* Siege of Multan
* Battle of Gujrat

Others|

Nepal–Sikh War, Sino-Sikh war, Katoch–Sikh War, Hill States–Sikh Wars, List of battles involving the Sikh Empire

Military forces|

* Sikh Khalsa Army
* Fauj-i-Khas
* Fauj-i-Ain

Adversaries|

* Mughal Empire
* Durrani Empire
* Emirate of Afghanistan
* British East India Company
* Kingdom of Nepal
* Qing Empire
* Hill States Alliance
* Kingdom of Mankera
* Namgyal dynasty
* Barakzai dynasty
* Sudhans of Poonch
* Maqpon Dynasty

Forts|

* Jamrud Fort
* Multan Fort
* Harkishangarh
* Lahore Fort

Officials and warriors|

| Natives|

* Dhian Singh
* Diwan Dina Nath
* Diwan Bhawani Das
* Pratap Singh
* Misr Diwan Chand
* Diwan Mulraj
* Hari Singh Nalwa
* Mahan Singh Mirpuri
* Dewan Mokham Chand
* Khushal Singh Jamadar
* Zorawar Singh
* Tej Singh
* Lal Singh
* Gulab Singh
* Balbhadra Kunwar
* Jawahar Singh
* Mehta Basti Ram
* Sham Singh Attariwalla
* Sher Singh Attariwalla
* Chattar Singh Attariwalla
* Amar Singh Majithia
* Lehna Singh Majithia
* Ranjodh Singh Majithia
* Surat Singh Majithia
* Mangal Singh Ramgarhia
* Akali Phula Singh
* Chandu Lal
* Ajit Singh Sandhawalia
* Kahan Singh Nakai
* Sangat Singh Saini
* Hukma Singh
* Veer Singh
* Jarnail Ghaus Khan
* Ilahi Bakhsh
* Fakir Azizuddin
* Sultan Mahmud Khan
* Malik Fateh Khan Tiwana

|

Foreigners|

* Jean-François Allard
* Jean-Baptiste Ventura
* Claude Auguste Court
* François Henri Mouton
* Alexander Gardner
* Paolo Avitabile
* Josiah Harlan
* Johann Martin Honigberger
* Henry Lawrence

Influential families|

* Sandhawalia family
* Majithia family
* Tiwana family

Treaties|

* Treaty of Amritsar (1809)
* Treaty of Lahore (1846)
* Treaty of Amritsar (1846)

Festivals|

* Bandi Chhor Divas
* Hola Mohalla
* Maghi
* Mela Maghi
* Vaisakhi

Other topics|

* History
* Culture
* Art
* Music
* Ik Onkar
* Waheguru
* Khanda
* Panj Pyare
* Films
* Literature
* Music
* Names
* Places
* Politics
* Sikhs in the British Indian Army
* 11th Sikh Regiment
* Sikh Regiment
* Sikh Light Infantry
* Nanakshahi calendar
* Ramananda
* Fariduddin Ganjshakar
* Kabir
* Sardar
* Dastar
* Dharamyudh
* Islam
* Jainism
* Hinduism
* Rama
* Sikhs
* Ravidassia
* Women in Sikhism
* Sikhism and sexual orientation
* In Fiction
* Idolatry in Sikhism
* Criticism
* Punjab
* History
* Punjabis
* Punjabi language (Gurmukhī)

Takht|

* Akal Takht
* Damdama Sahib
* Kesgarh Sahib
* Hazur Sahib
* Patna Sahib

Outline Category

* v
* t
* e

Modern Sikh writers (1848 to date)

* Indian philosophy
* Indian religions
* Sikhism

Religious writers|

* Harjinder Singh Dilgeer
* Giani Sant Singh Maskeen
* Jaswant Singh Neki
* Bhagat Puran Singh
* Bhai Vir Singh
* G. B. Singh
* Karam Singh
* Khushwant Singh
* Randhir Singh
* Sahib Singh
* Gurbachan Singh Talib

Scholars|

* Max Arthur Macauliffe
* Kahn Singh Nabha
* Harjot Oberoi
* Puran Singh
* Teja Singh
* Balbir Singh Dr.

Lists|

* List of modern Eastern religions writers
* List of writers on Sikhism

* India portal
* Religion portal

* v
* t
* e

Recipients of Padma Vibhushan

Arts|

* Ebrahim Alkazi
* Kishori Amonkar
* Prabha Atre
* Amitabh Bachchan
* Teejan Bai
* M. Balamuralikrishna
* T. Balasaraswati
* S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
* Asha Bhosle
* Nandalal Bose
* Hariprasad Chaurasia
* Chiranjeevi
* Girija Devi
* Kumar Gandharva
* Adoor Gopalakrishnan
* Satish Gujral
* Gangubai Hangal
* Bhupen Hazarika
* M. F. Husain
* Zakir Hussain
* Ilaiyaraaja
* Semmangudi Srinivasa Iyer
* Bhimsen Joshi
* Ali Akbar Khan
* Amjad Ali Khan
* Allauddin Khan
* Bismillah Khan
* Ghulam Mustafa Khan
* Yamini Krishnamurthy
* Dilip Kumar
* R. K. Laxman
* Birju Maharaj
* Kishan Maharaj
* Lata Mangeshkar
* Sonal Mansingh
* Mallikarjun Mansur
* Zubin Mehta
* Mario Miranda
* Chhannulal Mishra
* Kelucharan Mohapatra
* Raghunath Mohapatra
* Jasraj Motiram
* Benode Behari Mukherjee
* Hrishikesh Mukherjee
* Rajinikanth
* Ram Narayan
* D. K. Pattammal
* K. Shankar Pillai
* Balwant Moreshwar Purandare
* Akkineni Nageswara Rao
* Kaloji Narayana Rao
* Satyajit Ray
* S. H. Raza
* Zohra Sehgal
* Uday Shankar
* Ravi Shankar
* V. Shantaram
* Shivkumar Sharma
* Umayalpuram K. Sivaraman
* M. S. Subbulakshmi
* K. G. Subramanyan
* Kapila Vatsyayan
* Homai Vyarawalla
* K. J. Yesudas

Civil service|

* Bimala Prasad Chaliha
* Naresh Chandra
* T. N. Chaturvedi
* Jayanto Nath Chaudhuri
* Suranjan Das
* Rajeshwar Dayal
* Basanti Devi
* P. N. Dhar
* Jyotindra Nath Dixit
* M. S. Gill
* Hafiz Mohamad Ibrahim
* H. V. R. Iyengar
* Bhola Nath Jha
* Dattatraya Shridhar Joshi
* Ajudhiya Nath Khosla
* Rai Krishnadasa
* V. Krishnamurthy
* P. Prabhakar Kumaramangalam
* Pratap Chandra Lal
* K. B. Lall
* Sam Manekshaw
* Om Prakash Mehra
* Mohan Sinha Mehta
* M. G. K. Menon
* Brajesh Mishra
* Sumati Morarjee
* A. Ramasamy Mudaliar
* Sardarilal Mathradas Nanda
* Chakravarthi V. Narasimhan
* Braj Kumar Nehru
* Bhairab Dutt Pande
* Ghananand Pande
* Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit
* T. V. Rajeswar
* C. R. Krishnaswamy Rao
* Pattadakal Venkanna R. Rao
* V. K. R. V. Rao
* Bipin Rawat
* Khusro Faramurz Rustamji
* Harish Chandra Sarin
* Binay Ranjan Sen
* Homi Sethna
* Arjan Singh
* Harbaksh Singh
* Kirpal Singh
* Manmohan Singh
* Tarlok Singh
* Lallan Prasad Singh
* Balaram Sivaraman
* Chandrika Prasad Srivastava
* T. Swaminathan
* Arun Shridhar Vaidya
* Dharma Vira
* Narinder Nath Vohra

Literature and
education|

* V. S. R. Arunachalam
* Jagdish Bhagwati
* Satyendra Nath Bose
* Tara Chand
* Suniti Kumar Chatterji
* D. P. Chattopadhyaya
* Bhabatosh Datta
* Avinash Dixit
* Mahasweta Devi
* John Kenneth Galbraith
* Sarvepalli Gopal
* Lakshman Shastri Joshi
* Kaka Kalelkar
* Dhondo Keshav Karve
* Gopinath Kaviraj
* Radheshyam Khemka
* Kuvempu
* O. N. V. Kurup
* Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis
* Sitakant Mahapatra
* John Mathai
* Kotha Satchidananda Murthy
* Giani Gurmukh Singh Musafir
* Basanti Dulal Nagchaudhuri
* Bal Ram Nanda
* R. K. Narayan
* P. Parameswaran
* Amrita Pritam
* K. N. Raj
* C. Rangarajan
* Raja Rao
* Ramoji Rao
* Hormasji Maneckji Seervai
* Rajaram Shastri
* Kalu Lal Shrimali
* Govindbhai Shroff
* Khushwant Singh
* Chandeshwar Prasad Narayan Singh
* Premlila Vithaldas Thackersey
* Mahadevi Varma
* Bashir Hussain Zaidi

Medicine|

* Jasbir Singh Bajaj
* B. K. Goyal
* Purshotam Lal
* A. Lakshmanaswami Mudaliar
* S. I. Padmavati
* Autar Singh Paintal
* Kantilal Hastimal Sancheti
* Balu Sankaran
* V. Shanta
* Vithal Nagesh Shirodkar
* Prakash Narain Tandon
* Brihaspati Dev Triguna
* M. S. Valiathan
* Dilip Mahalanabis

Other|

* Sunderlal Bahuguna
* B. K. S. Iyengar
* Rambhadracharya
* Ravi Shankar
* Vishwesha Teertha
* Jaggi Vasudev
* B. V. Doshi

Public affairs|

* L. K. Advani
* Montek Singh Ahluwalia
* Aruna Asaf Ali
* Fazal Ali
* Adarsh Sein Anand
* Madhav Shrihari Aney
* Parkash Singh Badal
* Sikander Bakht
* Milon K. Banerji
* Mirza Hameedullah Beg
* P. N. Bhagwati
* Raja Chelliah
* Chandra Kisan Daphtary
* Niren De
* C. D. Deshmukh
* Anthony Lancelot Dias
* Uma Shankar Dikshit
* Kazi Lhendup Dorjee
* George Fernandes
* P. B. Gajendragadkar
* Benjamin Gilman
* Ismaïl Omar Guelleh
* Zakir Husain
* V. R. Krishna Iyer
* Jagmohan
* Lakshmi Chand Jain
* Arun Jaitley
* Aditya Nath Jha
* Murli Manohar Joshi
* Anerood Jugnauth
* Mehdi Nawaz Jung
* Ali Yavar Jung
* Vijay Kelkar
* Hans Raj Khanna
* V. N. Khare
* Balasaheb Gangadhar Kher
* Akhlaqur Rahman Kidwai
* Jivraj Narayan Mehta
* V. K. Krishna Menon
* Hirendranath Mukherjee
* Ajoy Mukherjee
* Pranab Mukherjee
* Padmaja Naidu
* Venkaiah Naidu
* Gulzarilal Nanda
* Govind Narain
* Fali Sam Nariman
* Hosei Norota
* Nanabhoy Palkhivala
* K. Parasaran
* Hari Vinayak Pataskar
* Sunder Lal Patwa
* Sharad Pawar
* Naryana Raghvan Pillai
* Sri Prakasa
* N. G. Ranga
* Ravi Narayana Reddy
* Y. Venugopal Reddy
* Ghulam Mohammed Sadiq
* Lakshmi Sahgal
* P. A. Sangma
* M. C. Setalvad
* Kalyan Singh
* Karan Singh
* Nagendra Singh
* Swaran Singh
* Walter Sisulu
* Soli Sorabjee
* Kalyan Sundaram
* Sushma Swaraj
* Chandulal Madhavlal Trivedi
* Atal Bihari Vajpayee
* M. N. Venkatachaliah
* Kottayan Katankot Venugopal
* Jigme Dorji Wangchuck
* S. M. Krishna
* Mulayam Singh Yadav

Science and
engineering|

* V. K. Aatre
* Salim Ali
* Norman Borlaug
* Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar
* Rajagopala Chidambaram
* Charles Correa
* Satish Dhawan
* Anil Kakodkar
* A. P. J. Abdul Kalam
* Krishnaswamy Kasturirangan
* Har Gobind Khorana
* Daulat Singh Kothari
* Verghese Kurien
* Raghunath Anant Mashelkar
* G. Madhavan Nair
* Roddam Narasimha
* Jayant Narlikar
* Rajendra K. Pachauri
* Benjamin Peary Pal
* Yash Pal
* I. G. Patel
* Venkatraman Ramakrishnan
* K. R. Ramanathan
* Raja Ramanna
* C. R. Rao
* C. N. R. Rao
* Palle Rama Rao
* Udupi Ramachandra Rao
* Vikram Sarabhai
* Man Mohan Sharma
* Obaid Siddiqi
* E. Sreedharan
* M. R. Srinivasan
* George Sudarshan
* M. S. Swaminathan
* Narinder Singh Kapany
* S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan

Social work|

* Baba Amte
* Pandurang Shastri Athavale
* Janaki Devi Bajaj
* Mirabehn
* Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay
* Durgabai Deshmukh
* Nanaji Deshmukh
* Nirmala Deshpande
* Mohan Dharia
* U. N. Dhebar
* Valerian Gracias
* Veerendra Heggade
* Mary Clubwala Jadhav
* Gaganvihari Lallubhai Mehta
* Usha Mehta
* Sister Nirmala
* Nellie Sengupta

Sports|

* Viswanathan Anand
* Edmund Hillary
* Mary Kom
* Sachin Tendulkar

Trade and industry|

* Dhirubhai Ambani
* Ghanshyam Das Birla
* Ashok Sekhar Ganguly
* Karim Al Hussaini Aga Khan
* Lakshmi Mittal
* Anil Manibhai Naik
* N. R. Narayana Murthy
* M. Narasimham
* Prithvi Raj Singh Oberoi
* Azim Premji
* Prathap C. Reddy
* J. R. D. Tata
* Ratan Tata

* Portal
* Category
* WikiProject

* v
* t
* e

Padma Bhushan award recipients (1970–1979)

1970|

* Ramkinkar Baij
* Hirabai Barodekar
* Buddhadeb Bosu
* Amiya Chakravarty
* T. S. Avinashilingam Chettiar
* Lala Hansraj Gupta
* Ratan Lal Joshi
* Gurram Jashuva
* Narayan Sadoba Kajrolkar
* Kumari Kamala
* P. K. Kelkar
* M. S. Krishnan
* Syed Abdul Latif
* Bhagwantrao Mandloi
* Mahesh Prasad Mehray
* Sombhu Mitra
* Vivekananda Mukhopadhyaya
* Krishnaswami Ramiah
* Anant alias Annasaheb Sahasrabuddhe
* Surrendar Saini
* Viswanatha Satyanarayana
* Ahmed Jan Thirakwa
* N. M. Wagle
* Prem Nath Wahi
* Yashpal

1971|

* N. Ramaswami Ayyar
* Suraj Bhan
* Gokulbhai Bhatt
* Jaishankar Bhojak
* Kandathil Mammen Cherian
* Ramrao Deshmukh
* Satish Dhawan
* Abasaheb Garware
* Gangubai Hangal
* Musiri Subramania Iyer
* Palghat Mani Iyer
* Mungtu Ram Jaipuria
* Veni Shankar Jha
* Jainendra Kumar
* Raj Kapoor
* Dhananjay Keer
* Amir Khan
* Nisar Hussain Khan
* Guru Kunchu Kurup
* R. K. Laxman
* Shantilal Jamnadas Mehta
* Ved Rattan Mohan
* Bishnupada Mukhopadhyaya
* Kalindi Charan Panigrahi
* Manibhai J. Patel
* D. K. Pattammal
* Krishnarao Phulambrikar
* Venkatarama Ramalingam Pillai
* Vulimiri Ramalingaswami
* Suresh Chandra Roy
* Pandurang Vasudeo Sukhatme
* Pichu Sambamoorthi
* Bhagwati Charan Verma
* Parmeshwari Lal Verma

1972|

* Jagjit Singh Aurora
* Madhavrao Bagal
* Gopal Gurunath Bewoor
* Gulestan Rustom Billimoria
* Kunhiraman Palat Candeth
* Ram Narayan Chakravarti
* Yashodhara Dasappa
* Hari Chand Dewan
* Minoo Merwan Engineer
* Inderjit Singh Gill
* Lakhumal Hiranand Hiranandani
* L. A. Krishna Iyer
* Sourendra Nath Kohli
* Jai Krishna
* Nilakanta Krishnan
* Ashwini Kumar
* Pran Nath Luthra
* N. G. Krishna Murti
* T. A. Pai
* Vinayakrao Patwardhan
* Dattatraya Yeshwant Phadke
* Bhalchandra Nilkanth Purandare
* Tapishwar Narain Raina
* Bharat Ram
* Mohinder Singh Randhawa
* Adya Rangacharya
* M. B. Ramachandra Rao
* A. S. Rao
* Sujoy Bhushan Roy
* Khusro Faramurz Rustamji
* Shantilal C. Sheth
* Baldev Singh
* Khem Karan Singh
* Sartaj Singh
* Sagat Singh
* Birendranath Sircar
* Papanasam Sivan
* Chandrika Prasad Srivastava
* M. S. Swaminathan
* K. Swaminathan
* Bal Dattatreya Tilak
* Syed Husain Zaheer

1973|

* Om P. Bahl
* Chembai
* Harindranath Chattopadhyay
* Banarsidas Chaturvedi
* M. A. Muthiah Chettiar
* M. F. Husain
* Pothan Joseph
* N. R. Malkani
* Vinoo Mankad
* R. M. Muzumdar
* Krishnarao Shankar Pandit
* Pitambar Pant
* Vennelakanti Raghavayya
* Raja Ramanna
* K. Sukumaran

1974|

* Alice Boner
* Camille Bulcke
* Ram Kumar Caroli
* Dhirendra Nath Ganguly
* D. V. Gundappa
* V. S. Huzurbazar
* Chintamoni Kar
* Mogubai Kurdikar
* Jayant Pandurang Naik
* Habib Rahman
* B. N. Reddy
* John Richardson
* Toppur Seethapathy Sadasivan
* Sukhlal Sanghvi
* Hasmukh Dhirajlal Sankalia
* Jaideva Singh
* Khushwant Singh
* Arunachala Sreenivasan
* Raman Viswanathan

1975|

* Begum Akhtar
* Dilbagh Singh Athwal
* Asima Chatterjee
* Madhav Sadashiv Gore
* Pratul Chandra Gupta
* P. K. Iyengar
* Darab Jehangir Jussawala
* Pancheti Koteswaram
* Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi
* Balai Chand Mukhopadhyay
* Kirpal Singh Narang
* Ronald Carlton Vivian Piadade Noronha
* Ratan Shastri

1976|

* Malcolm Adiseshiah
* Harivansh Rai Bachchan
* Nabakanta Barua
* Laxmanshastri Balaji Joshi
* Naoroji Pirojsha Godrej
* Zehra Ali Yavar Jung
* Mallikarjun Mansur
* Yash Pal
* Bhogilal Pandya
* Udupi Ramachandra Rao
* Krishnaswami Srinivas Sanjivi
* Devulapalli Krishnasastri
* C. Sivaramamurti
* E. C. George Sudarshan

1977|

* Gopinath Aman
* Prithvi Singh Azad
* Harish-Chandra
* Kumar Gandharva
* Phulrenu Guha
* Jagmohan
* Kailas Nath Kaul
* Yusuf Husain
* K. S. Narayanaswamy
* Balasubramaniam Ramamurthi
* Perugu Siva Reddy
* Annapurna Devi
* Yudhvir Singh
* M. N. Srinivas
* Thenpattinam Ponnusamy Meenakshi Sundaran

# Posthumous conferral

* 1954–1959
* 1960–1969
* 1970–1979
* 1980–1989
* 1990–1999
* 2000–2009
* 2010–2019
* 2020–2029

* v
* t
* e

Sahitya Akademi Fellowship

1968–1980|

Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan (1968)
D. R. Bendre, Tarasankar Bandyopadhyay, Sumitranandan Pant, C. Rajagopalachari (1969)
Vaikom Muhammad Basheer, Firaq Gorakhpuri, Vishnu Sakharam Khandekar, Viswanatha Satyanarayana (1970)
Kaka Kalelkar, Gopinath Kaviraj, Gurbaksh Singh, Kalindi Charan Panigrahi (1971)
Masti Venkatesha Iyengar, Mangharam Udharam Malkani, Nilmoni Phukan, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, Sukumar Sen, V. R. Trivedi (1973)
T. P. Meenakshisundaram (1975)
Atmaram Ravaji Deshpande, Jainendra Kumar, Kuppali Venkatappa Puttappa 'Kuvempu', V. Raghavan, Mahadevi Varma (1979)

1981–2000|

Umashankar Joshi, K. R. Srinivasa Iyengar, K. Shivaram Karanth (1985)
Mulk Raj Anand, Vinayaka Krishna Gokak, Laxmanshastri Balaji Joshi, Amritlal Nagar, Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai, Annada Shankar Ray (1989)
Nagarjun, Balamani Amma, Ashapurna Devi, Qurratulain Hyder, Vishnu Bhikaji Kolte, Kanhu Charan Mohanty, P. T. Narasimhachar, R. K. Narayan, Harbhajan Singh (1994)
Jayakanthan, Vinda Karandikar, Vidya Niwas Mishra, Subhash Mukhopadhyay, Raja Rao, Sachidananda Routray, Krishna Sobti (1996)
Syed Abdul Malik, K. S. Narasimhaswamy, Gunturu Seshendra Sarma, Rajendra Shah, Ram Vilas Sharma, N. Khelchandra Singh (1999)
Ramchandra Narayan Dandekar, Rehman Rahi (2000)

2001–present|

Ram Nath Shastri (2001)
Kaifi Azmi, Govind Chandra Pande, Nilamani Phookan, Bhisham Sahni (2002)
Kovilan, U. R. Ananthamurthy, Vijaydan Detha, Bhadriraju Krishnamurti, Amrita Pritam, Shankha Ghosh, Nirmal Verma (2004)
Manoj Das, Vishnu Prabhakar (2006)
Anita Desai, Kartar Singh Duggal, Ravindra Kelekar (2007)
Gopi Chand Narang, Ramakanta Rath (2009)
Chandranath Mishra Amar, Kunwar Narayan, Bholabhai Patel, Kedarnath Singh, Khushwant Singh (2010)
Raghuveer Chaudhari, Arjan Hasid, Sitakant Mahapatra, M. T. Vasudevan Nair, Asit Rai, Satya Vrat Shastri (2013)
Santeshivara Lingannaiah Bhyrappa, C. Narayana Reddy (2014)
Nirendranath Chakravarty, Gurdial Singh (2016)

Honorary Fellows|

Léopold Sédar Senghor (1974)
Edward C. Dimock, Jr., Daniel H. H. Ingalls Sr., Kamil Zvelebil, Ji Xianlin (1996)
Vassilis Vitsaxis, Eugene Chelyshev (2002)
Ronald E. Asher (2007)
Abhimanyu Unnuth (2013)

Premchand Fellowship|

Intizar Hussain (2005), Kishwar Naheed (2016)

Ananda Coomaraswamy Fellowship|

Senake Bandaranayake, Chie Nakane, Azad N. Shamatov (1996)

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