Kingdom of Ceredigion

53°14′00″N 4°01′00″W﻿ / ﻿53.2333°N 4.0166°W﻿ / 53.2333; -4.0166

Post-Roman kingdom in Wales

For other uses, see Ceredigion (disambiguation).

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Kingdom of Ceredigion

Teyrnas Ceredigion (Old Welsh)

Coat of arms

Medieval kingdoms of Wales

Common languages| Old Welsh
Religion

| Celtic Christianity
Historical era| Early Middle Ages

Preceded by | Succeeded by

|

|  | Demetae

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| Seisyllwg |

|

The Kingdom of Ceredigion was one of several Welsh kingdoms that emerged in post-Roman Britain in the mid-5th century. Cardigan Bay to the west and the surrounding hilly geography made it difficult for foreign invaders to conquer. Its area corresponded roughly to that of the county of Ceredigion.[1] Ceredigion transparently means "the people of Ceredig".[2] The kingdom as an independent entity ceased to exist around the year 872.

## History

[edit]

Tradition found in the work of Nennius, a 9th century Welsh chronicler, traces Ceredigion's foundation to Ceredig, son of Cunedda.[3] According to Nennius, Cunedda migrated with his sons and followers from the Hen Ogledd (southern Scotland) in the 5th century.

In pre-Roman, and possibly Roman times, a part of southern Ceredigion was in the territory of the Demetae and possibly part of that of the Ordovices. In post-Roman times, however, there is no evidence that the Kingdom of Dyfed included any part of Ceredigion. Modern Ceredigion corresponds almost exactly to the ancient kingdom of Ceredigion. This name is derived from an adjective Cereticianus,[4] itself a derivative of the proper name Cereticus (Cere- dig), known as the son of Cunedda. Though modern Ceredigion corresponds very closely to the old kingdom of Ceredigion, yet it would appear that, in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, certain places in Carmarthenshire, situated in the Vale of Cothi, in Cantref Mawr, and far south of the county boundary of the Teifi, were sometimes spoken of as being in Cardiganshire (Ceredigion).[4] The Chronicon of Adam of Usk states that the cwmwd of Caio (properly Cynwyl Caio) was situated "in Comitatu di Cardikan." In the Charter of Talley Abbey, Brechfa is also spoken of as "Lanteilau Brechfa apud Keredigaun." These statements may be simply mistakes, or they may be echoes of the fact that the kings of Ceredigion conquered Y Cantref Mawr in, the eighth century.[4]

The same authority on Welsh topography also deals with the statement given in the Life of St. Carannog, that the River Gwaun, which flows into the sea at Abergwaun (Fishguard), formed the southern boundary of the kingdom, and shows that in an older version of the same, the Teifi is represented more correctly as the southern boundary. The substitution of the Gwaun for the Teifi, is due to the inclusion, in 1291, of the deaneries of Cemaes and Emlyn with Ceredigion, in the Archdeaconry of Cardigan.[4]

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## See also

[edit]

* Monarchs of Ceredigion

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Lloyd, J. E.; A History of Wales; From the Norman Invasion to the Edwardian Conquest
2. ^ Ceredigion, A Wealth of History
3. ^ Davies, John; A History of Wales
4. ^ a b c d Archaeologia Cambrensis

## Sources

[edit]

* Cambrian Archaeological Association (1906). Archaeologia Cambrensis. W. Pickering.
* Lloyd, J. E. (1911). A History of Wales: From the Norman Invasion to the Edwardian Conquest.
* Morgan, Gerald (2005). Ceredigion, A Wealth of History. Gomer Press. ISBN 1-84323-348-7.

* Owen's Pembrokeshire, vol. I, p. 199, Mr. Egerton Phillimore
* The Kingdom of Ceredigion | A Victim of Medieval Propaganda

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Rulers of medieval Wales

|  | Territories/dates[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] | Powys | Dogfeiling | Gwynedd | Dunoding | Ceredigion | Ystrad Tywi | Dyfed | Brycheiniog | Glywysing | Gwent | Ergyng

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400–600  | Sub-Roman Britain

Kingdom of Powys
Gwrtheyrn Catigern Cadell Ddyrnllwg Rhuddfedel Frych Cyngen Glodrydd Brochwel Ysgithrog Cynan Garwyn Selyf ap Cynan Manwgan ap Selyf | Kingdom of Gwynedd | Kingdom of Dyfed
Triffyn Farfog
Aergol Lawhir
Vortiporius | Brycheiniog
Anlach mac Cormac Brychan | Glywysing
Mor Solor Glywys
Gwynllŵg
Gwynllyw Cadoc |
Kingdom of Gwent
Ynyr Gwent
Caradoc Vreichvras | Ergyng
Peibio Clafrog
Cynfyn
Gwrfoddw
Gwrgan Fawr
Dogfeiling
Dogfael ap Cunedda Wledig Elno ap Dogfael Glas ap Elno Elgud ap Glas ap Elno Elaeth ab Elgud Meurig ap Elaeth |
House of Gwynedd
Cunedda Wledig Einion Yrth ap Cunedda Cadwallon Lawhir Maelgwn Gwynedd Rhun Hir ap Maelgwn Beli ap Rhun Iago ap Beli Cadfan ap Iago Cadwallon ap Cadfan Cadafael Cadwaladr | Dunoding
Dunod ap Cunedda Eifion ap Dunod Dingad ab Eifion Meurig ad Dingad Eifion ap Meurig Issac ap Eifion ap Meurig Pobien Hen ap Isaac Pobddelw ap Pobien Hen Eifion ap Pobddelw Brochwel ap Eifion Eigion ap Brochwel ab Eifion Ieuanawl ab Eigion Caradog ap Ieuanawl Bleiddud ap Caradog Cuhelyn ap Bleiddud |
Kingdom of Ceredigion
Ceredig ap Cunedda Usai ap Ceredig Serwyl ab Usai Boddw ap Serwyl Arthfoddw ap Boddw Athrwys ab Arthfoddw Clydog ab Athrwys
600–613  | Cloten Cathen ap Gwlyddein Cadwgan ap Caten Rhain ap Cadwgan | Tewdrig
Meurig ap Tewdrig
613–642  | Eluadd ap Glast (Eiludd Powys)
642–645  | Manwgan ap Selyf Beli ab Eiludd Gwylog ap Beli Elisedd ap Gwylog Brochfael ab Elisedd Cadell ap Brochfael Cyngen ap Cadell
645–682  | Athrwys ap Meurig Morgan ab Athrwys Ithel ap Morgan Meurig ab Ithel
682–740  | Idwal Iwrch Rhodri Molwynog Caradog ap Meirion Cynan Dindaethwy Hywel ap Caradog
730–745  | Seisyllwg
Seisyll ap Clydog Arthen ap Seisyll Dyfnwallon ab Arthen Meurig ap Dyfnwallon Gwgon ap Meurig | Dyfed
Tewdos (Tewdwr) Maredudd ap Tewdws Rhain ap Maredudd Owain ap Maredudd Triffyn ap Rhain Bleddri (Bledrig) Hyfaidd ap Bleddri Llywarch ap Hyfaidd Rhodri ap Hyfaidd Hywel Dda | Brycheiniog
745–825  | Glywysing
Rhys ab Ithel Rhodri ab Ithel Meurig ab Ithel Rhys ap Arthfael Hywel ap Rhys Owain ap Hywel | Gwent
Brochfael ap Meurig Ffernfael ap Meurig Brochwel ap Meurig Arthfael ap Hywel Ithel ab Athrwys ap Ffernfael | Mercia
825–854  | House of Aberffraw
Merfyn Frych Rhodri Mawr
854–872  | Rhodri Mawr
871–878  | Rhodri Mawr
878–909  | Powys
Merfyn ap Rhodri Llywelyn ap Merfyn | Gwynedd
Anarawd ap Rhodri | House of Dinefwr
Cadell ap Rhodri
909–913  | Deheubarth
Hywel Dda
913–925  | Kingdom of England
Archenfield
916–930  | Idwal Foel | Owain ap Hywel
930–942  | Glywysing
Gruffydd ab Owain Cadwgan ab Owain | Gwent
Morgan Hen ab Owain
942–950  | Hywel Dda
950–986  | Powys
Owain ap Hywel Dda | Gwynedd
Ieuaf Iago ab Idwal Hywel ap Ieuaf Cadwallon ab Ieuaf | Deheubarth
Owain ap Hywel Dda | Morgannwg
Morgan Hen ab Owain Hywel ab Owain ap Morgan Hen Rhydderch ab Iestyn Gruffudd ap Rhydderch
988–999  | Maredudd ab Owain
999–1022  | Powys
Llywelyn ap Seisyll | Gwynedd
Cynan ap Hywel Aeddan ap Blegywryd | Deheubarth
Rhain the Irishman Cadell ab Einion
1018–1023  | Llywelyn ap Seisyll
1023–1033  | Powys
Rhydderch ab Iestyn | Gwynedd
Iago ab Idwal ap Meurig | Deheubarth
Rhydderch ab Iestyn Gruffudd ap Rhydderch
1033–1039  | Iago ab Idwal ap Meurig Gruffudd ap Llywelyn
1045–1055  | Gruffudd ap Rhydderch
1055–1063  | Gruffudd ap Llywelyn
1063–1075  | House of Mathrafal
Bleddyn ap Cynfyn | Deheubarth
Maredudd ab Owain ab Edwin Rhys ab Owain Rhys ap Tewdwr | Glywysing
Caradog ap Gruffudd | Gwent
Cadwgan ap Meurig
1075–1081  | Powys
Iorwerth ap Bleddyn Cadwgan ap Bleddyn Owain ap Cadwgan Maredudd ap Bleddyn Madog ap Maredudd | Gwynedd
Trahaearn ap Caradog | Morgannwg
Caradog ap Gruffudd Iestyn ap Gwrgant
1081–1093  | Gruffudd ap Cynan Owain Gwynedd Hywel ab Owain Gwynedd Dafydd ab Owain Gwynedd Llywelyn ab Iorwerth
1088–1116  | Norman occupation
1095–1160  | Deheubarth
Gruffydd ap Rhys Anarawd ap Gruffydd Cadell ap Gruffydd Maredudd ap Gruffydd Rhys ap Gruffydd Gruffydd ap Rhys II Maelgwn ap Rhys Rhys Gryg | Lordship of Brecknock |
Lordship of Glamorgan
1160–1216  | Powys Fadog
Gruffydd Maelor I
Madog ap Gruffydd Maelor Gruffydd II ap Madog Madog II ap Gruffydd Gruffudd Fychan I | Powys Wenwynwyn
Owain Cyfeiliog Gwenwynwyn
1216–1241  | Principality of Wales
Llywelyn ab Iorwerth
1241–1283  | Gruffudd ap Gwenwynwyn | Dafydd ap Llywelyn Owain Goch ap Gruffudd Llywelyn ap Gruffudd Dafydd ap Gruffudd
1283–1287  | (English conquest of Wales)

1535–1542  | Laws in Wales Acts

1. ^ Rulers with names in italics are considered fictional
2. ^ Bartrum, Peter Clement (1993). A Welsh Classical Dictionary: People in History and Legend Up to about A.D. 1000. National Library of Wales. ISBN 0907158730.
3. ^ biography.wales (Dictionary of Welsh Biography)
4. ^ Davies, John (1994). A History of Wales. Penguin Books. ISBN 9780140145816.
5. ^ Encyclopaedia of Wales. University of Wales Press. 2008. ISBN 978-0-7083-1953-6.
6. ^ Lloyd, John Edward (1912). A History of Wales from the Earliest Times to the Edwardian Conquest. Longmans, Green, and Co.
7. ^ Turvey, Roger (2010). Twenty-One Welsh Princes. Conwy: Gwasg Carreg Gwalch. ISBN 9781845272692.

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