Kingdom of the Canary Islands

Graniela

Kingdom of the Canary Islands

Reino de las Islas Canarias

1404–1448

Flag

Coat of arms

Status| Vassal state of the Crown of Castile
Capital| Betancuria (1404–1425)
Teguise (1425–)
Common languages| Norman,
Early Modern Spanish,
Guanche
Religion

| Catholicism (Official),
Guanche religion
Government| Monarchy
King|

• 1404–1425

| Jean de Béthencourt

• 1425–1448

| Maciot de Béthencourt
Historical era| Middle Ages

• Conquest of Lanzarote

| 1404

• Lordship of Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, and El Hierro sold to Portugal (disputed by Castile)

| 1448

Preceded by | Succeeded by

|

|  | Guanches

|

| Kingdom of Portugal |

|

Crown of Castile |
Today part of| Spain

The Kingdom of the Canary Islands was a vassal state of the Crown of Castile located in North Africa, lasting from 1404 to 1448.

## First contact by Europeans

[edit]

Apart from earlier contact by Romans, one of the first known Europeans to have encountered the Canaries was the Genoan navigator Lancelotto Malocello. He arrived on the island of Lanzarote (which was probably named after him) in 1312 and stayed for almost two decades until he was expelled during a revolt by the native Guanches under the leadership of their king Zonzamas.[1]

## Conquest

[edit]

Main article: Conquest of the Canary Islands

The conquest of the Canaries was started in 1402 by French-Norman explorer Jean de Béthencourt. He had set sail from France one year earlier with a small army. He started the conquest in a rather friendly way by taking over the island of Lanzarote with the help of the locals. They would soon also take Fuerteventura and El Hierro. Their present king Guadarfia was the grandson of Zonzamas, who was king when Lancelotto Malocello had visited the island earlier.[citation needed]

When Béthencourt left the island for reinforcements from Castile, unrest broke out because of fighting between Norman officer Gadifer de la Salle and Berthin, in which the natives had been involved. However, Béthencourt managed to calm the situation when he returned, and the Guanche leader was baptized on February 27, 1404, thus surrendering to the Europeans. Subsequently, Jean de Béthencourt was proclaimed king of the Canaries by Pope Innocent VII, even though he recognized the Castilians as overlords. The remaining islands, La Gomera, Gran Canaria, Tenerife and La Palma, were gradually conquered over the course of a century or so.[citation needed]

Miniature from chapter LXI in contemporary chronicle "Le Canarien", illustrating Béthencourt and Gadifer during their exploits in Fuerteventura.

Jean de Béthencourt was, after his death, succeeded by his nephew Maciot de Béthencourt, who turned out to be a tyrant. He established Teguise as the new capital. The Portuguese had been competing with the Castilians for the islands. The Castilians suspected that Maciot would sell the islands to them, which he did in 1448. Neither the natives nor the Castilians approved, and this led to a revolt which lasted until 1459 when the Portuguese were forced to leave. Portugal formally recognised Castile as the ruler of the Canary Islands in 1479 as part of the Treaty of Alcáçovas.[citation needed]

The military governor Alonso Fernández de Lugo finally conquered the islands of La Palma (in 1492–1493) and Tenerife (in 1494–1496) for the Crown of Castile, thus completing the conquest of the island group.[citation needed]

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Touzeau, Olivier. "Kingdom of the Canary Islands (Spain)". crwflags.com.

## External links

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* Canary Islands

27°56′53″N 15°36′11″W﻿ / ﻿27.948°N 15.603°W﻿ / 27.948; -15.603

* v
* t
* e

Cultural domain of the Canary Islands

* Category
* Commons

History|

* Guanches
* Bimbache
* Pre-colonial times
* Conquest
* Treaty of Alcáçovas
* First Battle of Acentejo
* Kingdom of the Canary Islands
* Battle of Aguere
* Second Battle of Acentejo
* Battle of Santa Cruz de Tenerife (1657)
* Battle of Santa Cruz de Tenerife (1797)
* Spanish transition
* Autonomous community
* Canarian Parliament

G-clef

Languages|

* Guanche†
* Canarian (Spanish)
* Gomeran Whistle

Mythology|

* Gara and Jonay
* Achamán
* Achuguayo
* Achuhucanac
* Chaxiraxi
* Chijoraji
* Guayota
* Magec
* Maxios
* Tibicena

Historic sites|

* Bienes de Interés Cultural (Las Palmas)
* Bienes de Interés Cultural (Tenerife)
* Castillo de San José
* Caves of Valeron
* Four Doors cave
* Guayadeque ravine
* Las Palmas Cathedral
* El Maipés Necropolis
* Museo Canario
* Painted Cave, Galdar
* Church of San Juan Bautista

Museums
and galleries|

* Archaeological Museum of Puerto de la Cruz
* Atlantic Center of Modern Art
* Castle of San Cristóbal (Santa Cruz de Tenerife)
* Centro de Fotografía Isla de Tenerife
* Castillo de San José
* Elder Museum of Science and Technology
* Museo Canario
* Museum of the History of Tenerife
* Museo de la Naturaleza y Arqueología
* Museo Municipal de Bellas Artes de Santa Cruz de Tenerife
* Museum of Science and the Cosmos
* Tenerife Espacio de las Artes

Cuisine|

* Almogrote
* Canarian arepa
* Canarian wrinkly potatoes
* Gofio
* Malvasia
* Majorero
* Miel de palma
* Mojo
* Pasteles
* Ropa vieja
* Sancocho
* Sangria
* Tropical beer
* Wines

Musical instruments|

* Chácaras
* Timple

Traditions|

* Carnival of Santa Cruz de Tenerife
* Carnival of Las Palmas
* Bajada (festival)
* Cavalcade of Magi
* Holy Week
* Virgin of Candelaria
* Cristo de La Laguna
* Akelarre

Sports|

* Bola canaria
* Canarian wrestling
* Juego del Palo
* Salto del pastor
* Open Lanzarote Island
* Open Costa Adeje

Symbols places of
the Canary Islands|

* Teide
* Auditorio de Tenerife
* Garajonay
* Caldera de Taburiente

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