Kisan Mazdoor Mandal

The Kisan Mazdoor Mandal ('Peasant Worker Association', abbreviated KMM) was a political party in Bhopal State, India. The party was formed in 1950 by proponents of a merger with Madhya Bharat, who split away from the Indian National Congress.[1][2] The party had a Marxian orientation.[3] KMM was supported by the 10,000-member trade union Mazdoor Sabha.[3] Khan Shakir Ali Khan was the president of KMM.[4] In the run-up to the 1952 Bhopal Legislative Assembly election, KMM was the main opposition to the Bhopal Congress.[4]

KMM was recognized by the Election Commission of India as a state party.[2] The party was assigned the election symbol 'cultivator winnowing grain' by the Election Commission.[5] The party published a socialist manifesto before the polls.[3] The election result was a back-lash for the party.[6] KMM became the third-most voted party in the election, contesting 11 out of 30 seats in the state.[2] It obtained 12,255 votes (5.42% of the votes in the state), but didn't win any seats.[2] Khan stood as the KMM candidate in Jahangirabad constituency, finishing in second place with 2,581 votes (43.41% of the votes in the constituency).[2] KMM also fielded one candidate in the 1951-1952 Lok Sabha parliamentary election; Ratankumar in the Sehore constituency. He obtained 8,808 votes (9.28%).[7]

## References[edit]

1. ^ Ashfaq Ali (1981). Bhopal, Past and Present : a Brief History of Bhopal from the Hoary Past Up to the Present Time. Jai Bharat Publishing House. p. 447.
2. ^ a b c d e Election Commission of India. Bhopal, 1951
3. ^ a b c S. N. Sadasivan (1977). Party and democracy in India. Tata McGraw-Hill. p. 44\. ISBN 9780070965911.
4. ^ a b Myron Wiener (8 December 2015). State Politics in India. Princeton University Press. pp. 511–512. ISBN 978-1-4008-7914-4.
5. ^ Manorama Sinha (1 January 2007). Electoral Geography of India. Adhyayan Publishers & Distributors. p. 105\. ISBN 978-81-8435-020-3.
6. ^ S. P. Singh Sud; Ajit Singh Sud (1953). Indian Elections and Legislators. All India Publications. p. 107.
7. ^ Election Commission of India. STATISTICAL REPORT ON GENERAL ELECTIONS, 1951 TO THE FIRST LOK SABHA