Konotop

City in Sumy Oblast, Ukraine

For other uses, see Konotop (disambiguation).

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City in Sumy Oblast, Ukraine

Konotop

Конотоп

City

Counterclockwise (from upper right): Shukhov Tower, Myr Cinema, Ascension Cathedral, Konotop City Council Building, Konotop railway station and tram, Monument of Horse

Flag

Coat of arms

Konotop

Show map of Sumy Oblast

Konotop

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Coordinates: 51°13′N 33°12′E﻿ / ﻿51.217°N 33.200°E﻿ / 51.217; 33.200
Country|  Ukraine
Oblast| Sumy Oblast
Raion| Konotop Raion
Hromada| Konotop urban hromada
Founded| 1634
Government

• Mayor| Artem Semenikhin (Svoboda)
Area

• Total

| 43.78 km2 (16.90 sq mi)
Elevation

| 142 m (466 ft)
Population

(2022)

• Total

| 83,543
Time zone| UTC+2 (EET)
• Summer (DST)| UTC+3 (EEST)
Postal codes|

41600–41615

Area code| +380 5447
Website| Official website

Konotop (Ukrainian: Конотоп [konoˈtɔp] ⓘ) is a city in Sumy Oblast, northeastern Ukraine. Konotop serves as the administrative center of Konotop Raion within the oblast. Konotop is located about 129 kilometres (80 mi) from Sumy, the administrative center of the oblast. It is host to Konotop Air Base. The population is 83,543 (2022 estimate).[1]

## Name

[edit]

The word konotop denotes a place where horses drowned, that is, any swampy, impassable place.[2] The word itself comes from "horses stomp", which was transformed into a noun with the help of the word-forming method of baseline.[3] Konotop is a common Slavic toponym; settlements with this name exist not only in Ukraine, but also in Poland, Belarus and Russia. In several dialects of Ukrainian, the konotop (Ukrainian: конотоп) also refers to the herbaceous plant, common knotweed.

Some historians believe that Konotop as a settlement existed even before the Mongol-Tatar invasion. According to legend, during the passage of the Tatar cavalry in the area, many horses and riders died in impassable swamps, leading to the area being called konotop — a swampy place where horses drowned.[4]

## Geography

[edit]

The city is located in northeastern Ukraine within the Dnieper Lowland on the border of Polesia and the forest-steppe and on both banks of the Yezuch River [uk], which flows into the Seim River 12km north of the city. The Lypka River also flows through the city and the Kukolka River [uk] flows nearby. There are several large dams on the rivers. The area of the city is 43.78 km².

Konotop belongs to the North Poltava highland region of the Left Bank-Dnieper forest-steppe province within Ukraine's forest-steppe zone.[5] Geostructurally, Konotop is located on the northeastern slope of the Dnieper-Donetsk depression. The surface is a lowland loess plain which is flat, gently undulating, and dissected by passage valleys, ravines, and gullies. It is composed mainly of the Dnieper moraine, water-glacial sandy-loamy formations.[6] Forest-steppe pine landscapes and upland landscapes prevail in combination with meadow-steppe lowlands. Paleogene rocks are represented by sands, sandstones and marls. The cadastral score of the local soil is, on average, 64 points.

Konotop administratively borders Sadove Village [uk] in the northwest, with the village of Raky in the northeast, with the villages of Pidlypne and Pryvokzalne in the south, with the village of Popivka in the west.

### Climate

[edit]

Konotop has a warm-summer humid continental climate (Köppen Dfb). Sitting in the mid latitudes, it's continental with moderate precipitation. More continental climates at the same latitude – such as Regina, Saskatchewan in Canada – have much colder winters than Konotop, suggesting that there is still significant moderation from the Atlantic Ocean.

Climate data for Konotop (1991–2020, extremes 1948–present)

Month  | Jan  | Feb  | Mar  | Apr  | May  | Jun  | Jul  | Aug  | Sep  | Oct  | Nov  | Dec  | Year
Record high °C (°F)  | 10.4
(50.7)  | 14.0
(57.2)  | 22.5
(72.5)  | 29.9
(85.8)  | 33.1
(91.6)  | 35.8
(96.4)  | 35.9
(96.6)  | 39.0
(102.2)  | 35.0
(95.0)  | 27.2
(81.0)  | 18.0
(64.4)  | 12.6
(54.7)  | 39.0
(102.2)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)  | −2.1
(28.2)  | −0.9
(30.4)  | 5.0
(41.0)  | 14.3
(57.7)  | 21.0
(69.8)  | 24.4
(75.9)  | 26.4
(79.5)  | 25.7
(78.3)  | 19.4
(66.9)  | 12.0
(53.6)  | 4.0
(39.2)  | −0.8
(30.6)  | 12.4
(54.3)
Daily mean °C (°F)  | −4.5
(23.9)  | −3.8
(25.2)  | 1.1
(34.0)  | 9.1
(48.4)  | 15.3
(59.5)  | 19.0
(66.2)  | 20.7
(69.3)  | 19.6
(67.3)  | 13.9
(57.0)  | 7.5
(45.5)  | 1.5
(34.7)  | −2.9
(26.8)  | 8.0
(46.4)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)  | −6.9
(19.6)  | −6.6
(20.1)  | −2.4
(27.7)  | 4.3
(39.7)  | 9.7
(49.5)  | 13.7
(56.7)  | 15.4
(59.7)  | 13.9
(57.0)  | 9.0
(48.2)  | 3.8
(38.8)  | −0.8
(30.6)  | −5.1
(22.8)  | 4.0
(39.2)
Record low °C (°F)  | −32.9
(−27.2)  | −32.2
(−26.0)  | −26.1
(−15.0)  | −12.2
(10.0)  | −3.7
(25.3)  | 2.8
(37.0)  | 6.1
(43.0)  | 3.8
(38.8)  | −4.1
(24.6)  | −9.2
(15.4)  | −22.8
(−9.0)  | −28.9
(−20.0)  | −32.9
(−27.2)
Average precipitation mm (inches)  | 46
(1.8)  | 37
(1.5)  | 37
(1.5)  | 37
(1.5)  | 59
(2.3)  | 58
(2.3)  | 71
(2.8)  | 48
(1.9)  | 47
(1.9)  | 44
(1.7)  | 42
(1.7)  | 45
(1.8)  | 571
(22.5)
Average extreme snow depth cm (inches)  | 10
(3.9)  | 13
(5.1)  | 8
(3.1)  | 0
(0)  | 0
(0)  | 0
(0)  | 0
(0)  | 0
(0)  | 0
(0)  | 0
(0)  | 2
(0.8)  | 6
(2.4)  | 13
(5.1)
Average rainy days  | 8  | 8  | 8  | 12  | 13  | 15  | 14  | 11  | 14  | 13  | 13  | 10  | 139
Average snowy days  | 19  | 17  | 11  | 2  | 0.1  | 0  | 0  | 0  | 0.1  | 2  | 10  | 18  | 79
Average relative humidity (%)  | 84.4  | 82.0  | 77.0  | 67.2  | 64.1  | 69.2  | 70.8  | 70.6  | 76.9  | 80.6  | 86.3  | 86.3  | 76.3
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 42.5  | 69.1  | 139.9  | 190.6  | 283.2  | 272.6  | 288.8  | 267.1  | 170.0  | 110.1  | 40.6  | 30.5  | 1,905
Source 1: Pogoda.ru.net[7]
Source 2: World Meteorological Organization (humidity and sun 1981–2010)[8]

## History

[edit]

Konotop on a map from 1648

In the beginning of the 17th century, Cossacks were first based in the area. The settlement was first mentioned in 1634 in various documents as Novoselytsia. In 1642 a Polish fortress was built in the area, named after the river Konotopka. It is likely that the river disappeared before another one, Yezuch, was formed. The fortification became a key point in the struggle against Muscovy.

Another hypothesis is that the name of the city originated from the name of the ancient Warmian knyaz Christopher of Kononowitz of the noble Polish-Lithuanian family Kononowicz-Piłsudski which exists to this day and uses the Polish coat of arms of Radwan.[9] The name "Konotop" would then mean “the place of Kono(nowitz)” from adjoining the suffix topos (cf. Ancient Greek τόπος) meaning place or location.

In 1659 the Battle of Konotop took place near the city, in which Cossacks led by Ivan Vyhovsky (allied with Poles and Crimean Tatars) defeated Muscovite forces. In 1782 Konotop was granted municipal rights.[10] Three annual fairs were held in Konotop in the late 19th century.[11]

During World War II, Konotop was occupied by the German Army from 3 September 1941 to 6 September 1943. Details of this are recounted in the book The Forgotten Soldier by Guy Sajer. The Germans operated a Nazi prison in the city.[12] The Stalag 310 prisoner-of-war camp was based in the city from July 1942 until May 1943, when it was moved to Zaporizhzhia.[13] In 1943, Konotop was the location of the Stalag 384 POW camp and a subcamp of the Dulag 102 transit POW camp.[13]

### 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine

[edit]

Konotop during the Russian siege in February 2022

Main article: Northern front of the Russian invasion of Ukraine

On 25 February 2022, during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, the city was reported to be under siege by Russian forces on their way to Kyiv.[14] Some Ukrainian officials later reportedly claimed that the city had fallen,[15] but according to sources published later, the Russian military failed in its attempt to take Konotop on 25 February.[16] Mayor Artem Seminikhin stated on 2 March that Russian troops who had entered the city had warned him that they would destroy the city by shelling if the residents resisted them.[17] Russian vehicles deployed outside the city council were surrounded by locals.[18] Seminikhin asked the residents of the city whether they wanted to fight or surrender; the residents "overwhelmingly" refused to surrender.[17][19] Later in the day, an agreement was reached under which Russian forces accepted not to change the city's government or deploy troops, in return for which the residents would not attack them.[16] On 3 April, Ukrainian MP Oleksandr Kachura stated on Twitter that all Russian forces had left Konotop Raion.[20] On 4 April 2022 Sumy Oblast's Governor Dmytro Zhyvytskyi stated that Russian troops no longer occupied any towns or villages in Sumy Oblast and had mostly withdrawn, while Ukrainian troops were working to push out the remaining units.[21]

## Demographics

[edit]

### Ethnicty

[edit]

As of the 2001 Ukrainian census, Konotop had a population of 93,365 inhabitants. The ethnic and linguistic population was reported as follows:[22][23]

| Ethnic groups in Konotop

|  | percent
Ukrainians |

| 90.05%
Russians |

| 8.31%
Belarusians |

| 0.38%
Ashkenazi Jews |

| 0.24%
Gypsies |

| 0.20%
others |

| 0.82%

| Native languages in Konotop

|  | percent
Ukrainian |

| 85.9%
Russian |

| 13.5%
Belarusian |

| 0.1%
others |

| 0.2%

## Economy

[edit]

The main industrial enterprises of the city include the Konotop Casting and Mechanical Plant, the Motordetal Plant, the Konotop Fittings Plant, the Konotop Car Repair Plant, the Aviakon Aircraft Repair Plant, a mechanical plant, a garment factory, a meat processing plant (Konotopmyaso OJSC), a dairy plant, and a bakery plant. Konotop is an important mechanical engineering and food production center.

## Transport

[edit]

The city is an important transportation center. Various railroad connections from Konotop include: Moscow–Kyiv, Simferopol–Minsk, Bakhmach–Kyiv, Bryansk–Sumy/Belgorod. Furthermore, Konotop is one of the smallest cities in the country with its own tram system.

## Notable people

[edit]

* Bernard Meninsky, artist
* Yuriy Musatov, ceramic artist

## Gallery

[edit]

* St. Nikolas wooden church

* Ascension Church

* Mansion of General Mikhail Dragomirov

* Horse statue in the downtown

* Old town

* Konotop Railway Hospital

* School in Konotop

* Old school in Konotop

* Konotop tram

* Railway station

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Чисельність наявного населення України на 1 січня 2022 [Number of Present Population of Ukraine, as of January 1, 2022] (PDF) (in Ukrainian and English). Kyiv: State Statistics Service of Ukraine. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 July 2022.
2. ^ Янко Микола Тимофійович. Топонімічний словник України: словник-довідник / М. Т. Янко; Міжнар. фонд «Відродження». — Київ: Знання, 1998. — С. 186
3. ^ Мурзаєв Е. М. К // Словарь народных географических терминов : [рос.]. — М. : Мысль, 1984. — 656 с. — 50 000 екз.
4. ^ Коното́п // Кругляк Ю. М. Ім'я вашого міста : Походження назв міст і селищ міського типу Української РСР. — К. : Наукова думка, 1978. — 152 с.
5. ^ Фізико-географічне районування України. Архів оригіналу за 29 березня 2019. Процитовано 22 жовтня 2019.
6. ^ Географіка. Фізико-географічні області лісостепової зони. Ч.3. http://geografica.net.ua/. Архів оригіналу за 10 квітня 2019. Процитовано 18 жовтня 2019.
7. ^ "Климат Конотопа (Climate of Konotop)" (in Russian). Погода и климат (Weather and Climate). Archived from the original on 14 December 2019. Retrieved 8 November 2021.
8. ^ "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1981–2010". World Meteorological Organization. Archived from the original on 17 July 2021. Retrieved 17 July 2021.
9. ^ "Въ лЂто 6478 [970] \- 6494 [986]. Лаврентіївський літопис".
10. ^ "Nazwiska".
11. ^ Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich (in Polish). Vol. IV. Warszawa. 1883. p. 351.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
12. ^ "Gefängnis Konotop". Bundesarchiv.de (in German). Retrieved 2 April 2022.
13. ^ a b Megargee, Geoffrey P.; Overmans, Rüdiger; Vogt, Wolfgang (2022). The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos 1933–1945. Volume IV. Indiana University Press, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. pp. 71, 297–298, 382. ISBN 978-0-253-06089-1.
14. ^ "Russian Military Moves Towards Ukraine Capital". www.newsweek.com. 24 February 2022. Retrieved 2022-02-25.
15. ^ Ward, Alexander. "'Almost not possible' for Ukraine to win without West's help, Ukraine official says". Politico. Archived from the original on 26 February 2022. Retrieved 2022-02-26.
16. ^ a b Natalia Gurkovskaya. "Бої на Сумщині – влада Конотопа провела переговори з окупантами після ультиматуму". RBC Ukraine (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 2022-02-25.
17. ^ a b Valeria Polischuk. "Мер Конотопа: місту поставили ультиматум – за опір накриють артилерією". RBC Ukraine (in Ukrainian). Archived from the original on 3 March 2022. Retrieved 25 February 2022.
18. ^ "As Russian invaders demand that Konotop surrender, mayor explicitly defies threats". www.ukrinform.net. 2 March 2022. Archived from the original on 3 March 2022. Retrieved 2 March 2022.
19. ^ Khavin, Dmitriy; Botti, David; Tiefenthäler, Ainara (2 March 2022). "Mayor in Ukraine asks his city's residents whether they wish to fight or surrender". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 3 March 2022. Retrieved 2 March 2022.
20. ^ @SputnikATO (3 April 2022). "⚡️Конотопский район освобожден от российских оккупантов. Об этом сообщил нардеп Александр Качура.Еще вчера глава…" (Tweet) - via Twitter.
21. ^ Russian troops no longer hold any settlements in Ukraine's Sumy region, says governor, National Post (4 April 2022)
22. ^ "Національний склад міст".
23. ^ "Рідні мови в об'єднаних територіальних громадах України".

## External links

[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Konotop.

* (in Ukrainian) Official website
* JewUa.org – History of Jewish Community in Konotop

* v
* t
* e

Administrative divisions of Sumy Oblast

Administrative center: Sumy

Raions|

* Konotop
* Okhtyrka
* Romny
* Shostka
* Sumy

Hromadas|

* Andriiashivka
* Bereza
* Bezdryk
* Bilopillia
* Bochechky
* Boromlia
* Buryn
* Chernechchyna
* Chupakhivka
* Duboviazivka
* Esman
* Hlukhiv
* Hrun
* Khmeliv
* Khotin
* Khutir-Mykhailivskyi
* Komyshi
* Konotop
* Krasnopillia
* Krolevets
* Korovyntsi
* Kyrykivka
* Lebedyn
* Lypova Dolyna
* Mykolaivka rural
* Mykolaivka settlement
* Myrolaiivka
* Myropillia
* Nedryhailiv
* Nova Sloboda
* Nyzhnia Syrovatka
* Okhtyrka
* Popivka
* Putyvl
* Richky
* Romny
* Sad
* Seredyna-Buda
* Shalyhyne
* Shostka
* Stepanivka
* Sumy
* Svesa
* Synivka
* Trostianets
* Velyka Pysarivka
* Verkhnia Syrovatka
* Vilshana
* Vorozhba
* Yampil
* Yunakivka
* Znob-Novhorodske

Cities|

* Bilopillia
* Buryn
* Hlukhiv
* Khutir-Mykhailivskyi
* Konotop
* Krolevets
* Lebedyn
* Okhtyrka
* Putyvl
* Romny
* Seredyna-Buda
* Shostka
* Sumy
* Trostianets
* Vorozhba

Authority control databases

International|

* VIAF

National|

* Germany
* United States
* Czech Republic
* Israel

Other|

* Encyclopedia of Modern Ukraine
* Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine
* Yale LUX

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