Korean Broadcasting System

South Korean public service broadcaster

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Korean Broadcasting System

Main building of the Korean Broadcasting System

Native name

Hangul|

한국방송공사

Hanja|

韓國放送公社

Revised Romanization| Han-guk Bangsong Gongsa
McCune–Reischauer| Han'guk Pangsong Kongsa
Company type| Statutory corporation
Industry| Public Broadcasting
Predecessors|

* Kyeongseong/Keijō Broadcasting Station (1927–1932)
* Chōsen Broadcasting Corporation (1932–1945)

Founded|

* 16 February 1927; 97 years ago (1927-02-16) (as Kyeongseong/Keijō Broadcasting Station) (Radio)
* May 1956; 68 years ago (1956-05) (television)
* 3 March 1973; 51 years ago (1973-03-03) (as Public Broadcasting organization)

Founder| Governor-General of Korea
Headquarters|

Yeouido, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul

South Korea

Area served

| Worldwide

Key people

| Park Min (President and CEO)
Products|

* Television
* Radio
* Web portals

Owner| Government of South Korea

Number of employees

| 4,701 (As of 1 June 2020)
Subsidiaries|

* KBS Media
* KBS Art Vision
* KBS Business
* KBS N
* KBS i (closed in 2011)
* KBS Security
* E-KBS
* KBS America
* KBS Japan
* Monster Union

Website| Corporation website

The Korean Broadcasting System (KBS; Korean: 한국방송공사; Hanja: 韓國放送公社; RR: Han-guk Bangsong Gongsa; MR: Han’guk Pangsong Kongsa) is the national broadcaster of South Korea. Founded in 1927, it is one of the leading South Korean television and radio broadcasters.

The KBS operates seven radio networks, ten television channels and multiple Internet-exclusive services. Its flagship terrestrial television station, KBS1, broadcasts on channel 9 while KBS2, an entertainment-oriented network, broadcasts on channel 7. KBS also operates the international service KBS World, which provides television, radio and online services in 12 languages.

## History

[edit]

### Early radio broadcasts

[edit]

KBS headquarters in Seoul

The KBS began as Gyeongseong Broadcasting Station (경성방송국; 京城放送局) with call sign JODK, established by the Governor-General of Korea on 16 February 1927.[1] It became the Chōsen Broadcasting Corporation (Japanese: 朝鮮放送協會, Hepburn: Chōsen Hōsō Kyōkai) in 1932. After Korea was liberated from Japanese rule at the end of World War II, this station started using the call sign HLKA in 1947 after the US-occupied Korea was granted the ITU prefix HL. After a national broadcast, the station was renamed Seoul Central Broadcasting Station in 1948.

### 1950s–1960s – Television

[edit]

Television broadcasts in South Korea began on 12 May 1956 on HLKZ-TV. After financial difficulties, it was acquired by KBS in 1961.

### 1970s – Expansion

[edit]

KBS station status changed from government to broadcasting station on 3 March 1973. Construction of KBS headquarters in Yeouido started in 1976. In 1979 KBS radio began broadcasting on the FM band with the launch of KBS Stereo (now KBS 1FM). Colour television began that year.

### 1980s – Advertising

[edit]

KBS began broadcasting advertising in 1980, differing from the norm of public broadcasters, after the forced merger of several private broadcasters into KBS by the military government of Chun Doo-hwan.[2]

### 1990s – Spinoff of EBS

[edit]

Journalists protest in front of the KBS headquarters in April 1990

In 1981, KBS launched KBS 3TV and Educational FM and on 27 December 1990, the channels split from KBS to form the Educational Broadcasting System (EBS).

After a revision of the television licensing fee system in 1994, 1TV and Radio1 stopped broadcasting commercials.

### 2010s

[edit]

After first broadcasting HD programmes in 2001, KBS completely switched to digital broadcasting in 2012.

50th anniversary logo of its founding as public broadcasting organization.

On 3 March 2013, computer shutdowns hit South Korean television stations including KBS.[3] The South Korean government asserted a North Korean link in the March cyberattacks, denied by Pyongyang.[4]

In 2013, KBS World Radio commemorated its 60th anniversary, and KBS World TV celebrated 10 years of its foundation.

In 2014, KBS World 24 was launched, mainly for Koreans abroad.

In 2015, KBS was honoured to have its archives of the KBS Special Live Broadcast, Finding Dispersed Families, inscribed on the UNESCO Memory of the World Register. This makes KBS only the world's second broadcaster to have a broadcast programme on the prestigious list.

The KBS network delivered the exclusive Special Live Broadcast, Finding Dispersed Families, via its primary channel, KBS1. KBS News was the program's producer. The program premiered on 10:15 pm KST on 30 June 1983. After more than 6 months, the special live programme ended at 4 am on 14 November 1983. This marks a total duration of 453 hours and 45 minutes of live broadcast over 138 days, aired nationwide on KBS1. The KBS's archives of Special Live Broadcast, Finding Dispersed Families include; 463 videotapes of the original recordings, and many associated materials, generated in the course of the broadcast, such as the posters carrying the participating dispersed family members' capsule stories, cue sheets, programming schedules, radio recording materials, and related photographs. A total of 20,522 such assorted materials are preserved in the archives.[5] The program was the biggest public affairs program ever produced by KBS and was the first to tackle the issue of families separated because of the long Korean War (1950–1953), which garnered even international coverage.

In 2017, KBS launched the world's first terrestrial UHD broadcasting service.

In June 2018, KBS led the operation of the IBC (International Broadcasting Centre) inside the KINTEX (Korea International Exhibition Center), located in Goyang City, as Host Broadcaster for the April 2018 inter-Korean summit.[6] During the summit, KBS successfully delivered all the moments associated with the historic summit for more than 3,000 local and overseas media representatives, gathered at the IBC. Throughout the day of the summit, KBS delivered live coverage through its continuous special news bulletins. Its prime-time news programmes, KBS News 9 and KBS Newsline provided audiences with highlights and implications of the historic summit through comprehensive reports. Also, KBS World TV delivered Live Coverage of April 2018 Inter-Korean summit with English subtitles for its audiences across 117 countries worldwide.

In May 2019, as the public service broadcaster in South Korea, KBS undertook a major reform in its Disaster Broadcast System in order to provide emergency services in times of emergency. To be headed by President and CEO of KBS, the renewed system allowed the use of maximum resources of the organization under emergency circumstances. Under the reform, KBS focused on: swift and efficient emergency broadcast and coverage; delivering essential information in innovative ways with the ultimate aim to minimise losses and damage; and strengthening its digital platforms to better serve wide-ranging audience groups. In particular, KBS signed contracts with sign language interpreters in an effort to enhance broadcast services for audiences with disabilities. In addition, KBS is committed to improve its English subtitle services for people from overseas.

## Structure

[edit]

KBS Cool FM Radio studios KBS regional broadcasting station in Changwon

KBS is an independently managed public corporation (공사; 公社) funded by the South Korean government and license fees. As part of the Constitution, the KBS president is chosen by the President of South Korea, as recommended by its board of directors. Political parties in South Korea have the right to name members of the KBS board of directors.

This system gives politicians effective control over choosing the president of KBS, as well as its board of directors. People who are critical of the system cite political intervention in KBS's governance as reason for revising the current system of recruiting.

In order to uphold and defend independence, KBS, since 2018, created a 'Public Advisory Group', as part of the selection process of new KBS President and CEO. Each President and CEO of KBS is recommended by the KBS Board of Governors. The Group examines Presidential candidates via a presentation, a panel discussion, and an interview. Each is ultimately appointed by the President.

Around 49% of KBS's revenue comes from a mandatory television licence fee of 2,500 won, on top of 18.7% from commercial advertisement sales.[7]

In addition to 18 regional stations and 12 overseas branches, eight subsidiary companies such as KBSN, KBS Business and KBS Media manage KBS content.

## CEOs

[edit]

Generation | Name | Start | Retirement | Note

|
|
|
|

1  | Hong Kyung-mo  | February 1973  | February 1979  | —

3  | Choi Se-kyung [ko] | February 1979  | July 1980
4  | Lee Won-hong  | July 1980  | February 1985

6  | Park Hyun-tae  | February 1985  | August 1986
7  | Jung Koo-ho  | August 1986  | November 1988
8  | Seo Young-hoon [ko] | November 1988  | March 1990
9  | Seo Ki-won [ko] | April 1990  | March 1993
10  | Hong Doo-pyo [ko] | March 1993  | April 1998

12  | Park Kwon-sang [ko] | 20 April 1998  | 10 March 2003

14  | Seo Dong-koo  | 22 March 2003  | 2 April 2003
15  | Jung Yeon-joo [ko] | 28 April 2003  | 11 August 2008  | Dismissed

18  | Lee Byung-soon [ko] | 28 August 2008  | 23 November 2009  | —
19  | Kim In-kyoo [ko] | 24 November 2009  | 23 November 2012
20  | Kil Hwan-young [ko] | 23 November 2012  | 10 June 2014  | Dismissed after strike
21  | Jo Dae-hyun [ko] | 28 July 2014  | 23 November 2015  | —
22  | Ko Dae-young [ko] | 24 November 2015  | 23 January 2018  | Dismissed after strike
23  | Yang Seung-dong | 9 April 2018  | 23 November 2018  | —
24  | 24 November 2018  | 9 December 2021
25  | Kim Eui-chul [ko] | 10 December 2021  | 12 September 2023  | Dismissed[8]
26  | Park Min (journalist) [ko] | 12 November 2023  | present | [9]

## Channels

[edit]

### Terrestrial television

[edit]

Name  | Logo  | Description

|
|

KBS1 |  | The flagship channel of KBS. It broadcasts news and current affairs, education, drama, sports, children's programming and culture. It launched in 1961 as HLKA-TV and is solely funded by the license fee, airing commercial-free. It is available nationally on channel 9, broadcasting via digital terrestrial television. KBS1 also airs public information films and minor entertainment programming.[10]
KBS2 |  | The entertainment channel of KBS. It was launched in 1980 as a replacement for the Tongyang Broadcasting Corporation, which was controversially merged with KBS. It is available on digital channel 7 via digital terrestrial television. KBS2 also airs live sports coverage, children's programming, public information films and limited amounts of news, current affairs and drama programming.[10]
KBS News D |  | The 24-hour news and weather channel started as an online news channel called KBS 24 News. Unlike KBS1 and KBS2, it is also shown freely on the KBS News YouTube channel.
KBS UHD |  | The Ultra High-Definition channel, using the ATSC 3.0 format. The channel airs music videos, plus re-runs of TV series and various programming.[11]

KBS1 and KBS2 switched to digital, phasing out analogue services on 31 December 2012. However, both channels reportedly continued to be unofficially broadcast in analogue via UHF, presumably near the DMZ, albeit using the SECAM D/K standard.[12]

### Cable and satellite television

[edit]

* KBS Life – A culture and drama channel, it launched in 1995 as KBS Satellite 2. It was renamed KBS Korea in 2002, KBS Prime in 2006 and KBS N Life in 2015 before becoming KBS Life.
* KBS Drama – Formerly KBS Sky Drama, launched in 2002.
* KBS N Sports – Formerly KBS Sports/KBS Sky Sports, launched in 2002.
* KBS Joy – A comedy and quiz show channel, launched in 2006.
* KBS Kids – A children's channel, launched in 2012.[13]
* KBS Story – A channel aimed at a female audience, launched in 2021.[14]

These channels are managed and operated by KBS N, a subsidiary of KBS. 100+ cable operators operate in the country while Skylife is the sole satellite television service provider.

### KBS World

[edit]

Main article: KBS World

is the international television and radio service of KBS. It launched on 1 July 2003. It broadcasts on a 24-hour schedule with programs including news, sports, dramas, entertainment and children's shows. KBS World Television is broadcast locally and around the world. As of July 2007, around 65% of its programs are broadcast with English subtitles. It is available in 32 countries, and reportedly more than 40 million households around the world can access KBS World.[citation needed] It has two overseas subsidiaries: KBS America and KBS Japan. KBS Japan is independently operated by a KBS subsidiary in Japan, and most programs are provided with Japanese subtitles.

KBS World Television mainly broadcasts programs commissioned for KBS's 2 terrestrial networks: KBS1 and KBS2. KBS World Television is distributed over international communication and broadcasting satellites. Local cable and/or satellite operators receive the signal from one of these satellites and carry it to subscribers of their own networks. KBS does not allow individual viewers to receive the signal from most satellites. The signal from Badr 6 and Eutelsat Hotbird 13A is Free-to-Air.

KBS World TV commenced its service via YouTube in 2007. Its subscriber count reached 10 million in May 2019 and 13.5 million in July 2020. KBS World TV is available on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and LINE. Its social media handles surpassed 20 million subscribers in April 2020.

KBS Korea (previously KBS World 24), a spin-off channel of KBS World, is targeted at Koreans living overseas.

### Radio

[edit]

* KBS Radio 1 (711 kHz AM/97.3 MHz FM KBS Radio Seoul) – News, current affairs, drama, documentary, and culture. Launched in 1927 as Gyeongseong Broadcasting Corporation JODK, it became HLKA in 1947 and KBS Radio 1 in 1981.[15]
* KBS Radio 2 (603 kHz AM/106.1 MHz FM KBS Happy FM) – Popular music. Launched in 1948 as HLSA.[15]
* KBS Radio 3 (1134 kHz AM/104.9 MHz FM KBS Voice of Love FM) – Launched in 1980 and ceased broadcasting in 1981. It was later replaced by KBS Radio 2's regional radio service and Educational FM (now EBS FM). It was re-launched in 2000 as a spin-off from KBS Radio 2. For the first time in 2010, it was launched on FM and restructured as a radio station for the disabled.[15]
* KBS 1FM (93.1 MHz Classic FM) – Classical music and folk music. Launched in 1979 as KBS Stereo, adopted current name in 1980.[15]
* KBS 2FM (89.1 MHz/DMB CH 12B Cool FM) – Entertainment and news. Launched in 1966 as Radio Seoul Broadcasting (RSB), renamed TBC-FM in the 1970s and KBS Radio 4 in 1980 after TBC-FM forced merger to KBS. The current name was adopted in 2003.[15]
* KBS Hanminjok Radio (literal meaning: KBS Korean Nationality Radio) (6.015 MHz shortwave and 1170 kHz mediumwave) – Launched in 1975 as KBS Third Programme.[15]
* KBS World Radio – The South Korean international radio service, funded directly by the government.[15]

## Logo history

[edit]

* First KBS logo (from 15 October 1961 until 2 March 1973)

* Second KBS logo (from 2 March 1973 until 28 October 1984)

* Third and current KBS text logo (from 29 October 1984 to present)

* 1984-1985 logo

* Third and current KBS logo (from 15 August 1985 to present)

* 1985-2001 logo

* 2001 logo

## Programmes

[edit]

Further information: List of programmes broadcast by the Korean Broadcasting System

## Foreign partners

[edit]

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|

### Americas

[edit]

Country  | Public television

|

Argentina  | Radio y Televisión Argentina
Bolivia  | Bolivia TV
Brazil  | Empresa Brasil de Comunicação
Canada  | Canadian Broadcasting Corporation
Chile  | Televisión Nacional de Chile
Colombia  | RTVC Sistema de Medios Públicos
Costa Rica  | Trece Costa Rica Televisión
Cuba  | Cuban Institute of Radio and Television
Dominican Republic  | Corporación Estatal de Radio y Televisión
Ecuador  | Medios Públicos EP
El Salvador  | TVES (El Salvador)
Honduras  | Televisión Nacional de Honduras
Mexico  | Sistema Público de Radiodifusión del Estado Mexicano
Nicaragua  | Sistema Nacional de Televisión
Paraguay  | Paraguay TV
Peru  | Instituto Nacional de Radio y Televisión del Perú
United States  | American Broadcasting Company, PBS
Uruguay  | Televisión Nacional Uruguay and TV Ciudad
Venezuela  | Bolivarian Communication and Information System

### Europe

[edit]

Country  | Public television

|

Belgium  | Vlaamse Radio- en Televisieomroeporganisatie
Finland  | Yle
France  | France Televisions
Germany  | ARD
Italy  | Radiotelevisione Italiana
Netherlands  | Nederlandse Publieke Omroep
Norway  | Norsk Rikskringkasting
Poland  | Telewizja Polska
Portugal  | Rádio e Televisão de Portugal
Russia  | VGTRK
Spain  | Televisión Española
Sweden  | Sveriges Television
Turkey  | Turkish Radio and Television Corporation
Ukraine  | Suspilne Movlennia
United Kingdom  | BBC

### Asia

[edit]

Country  | Public television

|

Cambodia  | National Television of Kampuchea
China  | China Central Television
Hong Kong  | RTHK
India  | Doordarshan
Indonesia  | RRI and TVRI
Japan  | Nippon Hōsō Kyōkai
Malaysia  | Radio Televisyen Malaysia
Mongolia  | Mongolian National Broadcaster
Philippines  | Presidential Communications Office
Thailand  | Thai PBS
Taiwan  | Public Television Service
Vietnam  | VTV

### Oceania

[edit]

Country  | Public television

|

Australia  | Australian Broadcasting Corporation, Special Broadcasting Service
New Zealand  | Television New Zealand

## Operational status

[edit]

### Headquarters

[edit]

KBS carried out organizational reform on 1 March 2019 to strengthen KBS capabilities of content creation; enhance digital work flow; and improve audience services. KBS created Content Production 2 Division that is responsible for production, marketing, as well as content businesses. The new division aims to bring outstanding dramas and entertainment programming by boosting creative nature of the production function, and minimizing its decision-making process.[16]

The strategy introduced Public Service Media Strategy team under Strategy and Planning Division. Public Service Media Strategy is mainly responsible for developing KBS's digital programs via assorted digital media platforms. The reform brought changes in Programming Division as Digital Media department expanded its roles. Digital News department attached to News and Sports Division strengthened its functions. Another significant change is that the 'Audience Relations Center' has become an executive department, operated directly by KBS President and CEO. The Audience Relations Center dedicates its resources to enhance audience services, and create participation opportunities for audiences. Local Stations Management was reorganized to be supervised under KBS Executive Vice President, in response to a growing demand for greater regional autonomy.

## Controversies

[edit]

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### 1980 – Merger

[edit]

During the Chun Doo-hwan regime, a new law forced public broadcasters to merge with KBS. These broadcasters had shown news stories against Chun, leading him to stifle their criticism. Victims included:

* Tongyang Broadcasting Corporation (TBC)
* Donga Broadcasting System (DBS)
* Seohae Broadcasting Corporation (SBC)
* Jeonil Broadcasting Corporation (VOC)
* Hanguk-FM

Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation (MBC) was also affected. MBC was, at first, a federation of 20 loosely affiliated member stations across South Korea. Although they shared programming, each station was privately owned. After the consolidation, however, affiliates were forced to give up a majority of shares to the MBC. MBC Seoul, in turn, was forced to give up 65% of its shares to KBS.[17]

#### Consequences

[edit]

* TBC television became KBS2, and TBC Radio was split into two and became KBS 2FM and KBS Radio 3.
* DBS became the now-defunct KBS Radio Seoul. The frequency later was used by SBS Love FM.
* SBC became KBS Gunsan,[18] later KBS Radio 3 Jeonju.
* VOC became KBS Radio 3 Gwangju.
* Hanguk-FM became KBS-Daegu-FM.

In 2009, president Lee Myung-bak said that the law was unconstitutional, and in 2011 TBC and DBS were revived as JTBC and Channel A, respectively.

### 2002 – KBS 2FM advertisement scandal

[edit]

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KBS 2FM from 1980 until 2002 was prohibited to air commercial advertisements. In 2002 ads resumed airing. KBS Local FM (a radio station owned by KBS used to air selected programs of KBS 1FM and KBS 2FM) instead carried KBS 1FM programs even though only one KBS 2FM program Good Morning Pops aired because it was prohibited to air advertisements excluding those of KOBACO (Korea Broadcast Advertising Corporation). However, 15 years after the end of national broadcasts, Park Myeong-su's Radio Show aired on local KBS Happy FM stations in Busan, Changwon, Cheongju, Daejeon and Jeju starting April 2016 (in June 2019 the program aired in the Gangwon-do region) due to its popularity and virality on SNS (social media sites). This development marked the resumption of Cool FM's national broadcasts using the Local Happy FM network in the provinces. Afterwards KBS Gayo Plaza on all Local Happy FM stations starting September 2016. For the same reasons, Good Morning Pops moved to Local Happy FM stations in February 2017 and no longer aired on Local FM stations. On 31 August 2020, Fresh Morning started broadcasting on all Local Happy FM stations and finally A Good Day to Love appeared on selected Local Happy FM stations in Gangwon-do, Gwangju and Jeju due to its high ratings starting on 2 August 2021.

### 2008–2009 – 1 Night 2 Days profanity and smoking

[edit]

This section is an excerpt from 2 Days & 1 Night § Smoking and profanity.[edit]

The episode which aired on July 6, 2008 gained a lot of criticism from viewers because of a smoking scene. On their trip to Baekdusan, Korea, a scene of MC Mong smoking in the bus was not edited and was aired. In 2004, all 3 major broadcasting stations, KBS, MBC and SBS, agreed to prohibit smoking scenes being aired before midnight.[19] The variety program's directors made an official apology on July 7 for not properly editing the scene before airing the program and it will never occur again.[20][21]

Viewers protested about the "violent scene" on episode 51, which aired July 20, 2008. The scene was a hidden prank of Kang Ho-dong and Kim C getting into an argument to fool the new director who had joined the show. The production team stated that the fight was not intentional and it left good memories.[22]

On the episode aired September 21, 2008, scenes of Lee Soo-geun smoking in the village were caught on tape and aired.[23] On the episode aired December 7, 2008, more drinking and smoking scenes appeared. It was deemed unsuitable for families watching the show with their children.[24] In the March 15, 2009 episode, it was said that Kang Ho-dong had uttered the profanity "XX-bitch" in one of the scenes. But the production team denied that Kang Ho-dong had said such a thing on the show and that it was just noises during the car ride.[25]

### 2011 – Wiretapping scandal at TV license fee meeting

[edit]

In 2011, Sohn Hak-kyu, the chairman of the Democratic Party, accused KBS of wiretapping the party's closed-door meeting on TV subscription charges.[26]

Sohn said, "We believe the firm bugged the meeting to secure information about our party's handling of the TV subscription policy. KBS should admit that it resorted to the deplorable method of gathering information."[citation needed]

The Grand National Party initially sought to put a bill concerning the TV subscription charge to a vote. However, it failed to do so amid strong opposition from the Democrats.

The National Assembly's subcommittee on culture, tourism, broadcasting and communication, was scheduled to deliberate on 28 June 2011, but the meeting was cancelled due to the Democrats' protest.

On 23 June Han Sun-kyo, chairman of the parliamentary subcommittee, criticised the Democrats' opposition to increasing the TV subscription charge during a subcommittee meeting.

GNP lawmakers eventually approved a bill raising the charge by 1,000 won to 3,500 won at a subcommittee meeting in the absence of Democrat lawmakers. That led to a Democrat boycott of a June extraordinary parliamentary session for half a day on 21 June 2011.

### 2011 – Praising Chinilpa

[edit]

Bak Han-yong (박한용), head of the Institute for Research in Collaborationist Activities, criticised KBS for censoring negative remarks from a documentary about Chinilpa individuals, and Rhee Syngman, who had pardoned them.[27] This includes the Chinilpa Paik Sun-yup.[28]

### 2012 – KBS2 Carriage dispute

[edit]

On 16 January 2012, a dispute broke out between KBS and the Korea Cable TV Association (KCTA) over carriage fees. KCTA sought to reduce fees from major national networks for carrying their feeds through subscription providers. KBS had demanded 280 won per subscriber, while the TV providers offered only 100 won per subscription. Negotiations reached a standstill, and so the providers decided to stop carrying KBS2.[29] KBS2 experienced major decline in their ratings, affecting shows such as Brain at the time.[30] Following the blackout, the Korea Communications Commission (KCC) ordered the TV providers to resume distributing the channel or face a hefty fine. They initially refused, but on 17 January, they agreed to resume the channel's carriage.[31]

### 2012 – KBS journalists strikes and Reset KBS News 9

[edit]

Journalists working for KBS (along with MBC, SBS and YTN) protested against journalism practices that favored the Lee Myung-bak government.[32][33][34] The union for KBS released a video clip "Reset KBS News 9" (리셋 KBS 뉴스9) on the internet that discussed the Prime Minister's Office Civilian Surveillance Incident and the controversial money-spending on renovating President Lee's alleged birth house on 13 March 2012.[35]

### 2013 – You Are The Best! name controversy

[edit]

Further information: You Are the Best!

Global Youth League DN filed an injunction at Seoul Central District Court against KBS for using the name "Lee Soon-shin" in the title of the drama. The injunction requested KBS to (1) immediately stop the broadcast; (2) remove "Lee Soon-shin" from the title; and (3) change the name of one of its characters. The group claimed that historical figure Lee Soon-shin (or Yi Sun-sin), an admiral famed for his victories against the Japanese Navy in the Imjin War during the Joseon period, is an official national symbol whose status will "deteriorate" when associated with the "weak and clumsy" protagonist that lead actress IU plays.[36][37][38][39] KBS and production company AStory responded that they had no plans of changing the title or character name. Instead, they altered the original drama poster where several cast members are sitting on a pile of 100 won coins that have an image of Admiral Yi, by digitally replacing the coins with a plain gold platform.[40][41]

### 2014–2015 – The Return of Superman controversies

[edit]

* On 5 June 2014 netizens on the forum site Daum Agora started a petition to have Kim Jung-tae and his son Yakkung removed from the show due to their attendance at an election campaign on 1 June 2014, for Na Dong-yeon who was a candidate for Yangsan, South Gyeongsang's mayor. Na Dong-yeon later released a statement apologizing to Kim Jung-tae and his son Yakkung for the controversy and assured people that the actor and his son were not there to campaign for him.[42] Kim Jung-tae and his son Yakkung left the show following the political controversy.[43][unreliable source?]
* In June 2014, netizens complained of the show overly promoting YG Entertainment artists on Jang Hyun-sung and Tablo's segments, who are also under YG's management.[44][unreliable source?][45]
* On episode 42 which aired on 31 August 2014, producers took a jab at rival show Dad! Where Are We Going? with captions shown during Tablo's segment.[46][unreliable source?]
* Viewers complained of mothers showing up on the show too frequently. The complaints were targeted at Tablo's family due to his wife Hyejung appearing entirely during their segment from episodes 52 to 53.[47][unreliable source?]
* Viewers complained about the editing of a scene in episode 53 where Song triplets Daehan and Manse are fighting over a toy. The viewers complained that the caption and editing didn't show the true facts of what happened.[48][unreliable source?]
* On 22 April 2015, the owner of a venue that the show production team had scouted, posted on the show's official forum claiming staff from the show had reserved his venue last minute and then abruptly cancelled the shoot, disregarding his loss of profit in order to accommodate the show. After a formal apology was issued by the shows producers' the misunderstanding was settled.[49][unreliable source?]
* In July 2015, the announcement of Lee Dong-gook and his family joining the show was met with complaints from fans of Song Il-kook and his triplet sons. Fans of Song and his sons saw it as a sign that Song and his family would be leaving the show, and complained on KBS's forum about adding the new family and KBS offering Song an upcoming drama role as a reason for Song to leave the variety show. KBS assured Song's fans that the decision for him and his family to leave the show was made entirely of their own accord.[50][unreliable source?][51][unreliable source?]

### 2014 – 1st KBS strike against pro-government bias of its president

[edit]

In early May 2014, Gil Hwan-young removed the KBS news chief after alleged improper remarks over the sinking of the ferry Sewol. The chief then accused Gil of interference with news editing, with an alleged pro-government bias.

After the board postponed a decision on whether or not to dismiss Gil, two of the broadcaster's largest unions went on strike.

As a result of the strike, most of the broadcaster's news output was affected. The hour-long KBS News 9 ran for just 20 minutes, and during local elections on 4 June 2014, KBS was unable to send reporters to interview candidates.

The strike ended after the board of directors voted to dismiss Gil. The board passed a motion on 5 June 2014 demanding the discharge of President Gil. The majority vote decision was sent to be approved by the country's president Park Geun-hye, who has the power to appoint the broadcaster's head.[52][53][54]

### 2017 – 2nd KBS strike against pro-government bias of its president

[edit]

KBS union struck on 4 September, due to allegedly influencing news coverage in favor of former president Park Geun-hye's administration.[55][unreliable source?][56][unreliable source?] As a result of the strike, KBS news programs, culture programs, radio shows, and variety shows were delayed due to most staff members taking part in the strike.[57] During the strike, the 2017 KBS Entertainment Awards was cancelled.[58][unreliable source?] After 141 days, the strike ended when the board of directors approved the dismissal of KBS president Ko Dae-young.[59][60]

## See also

[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Korean Broadcasting System.

* South Korea portal
* Television portal

* Educational Broadcasting System
* KBS World Radio
* KBS America
* KBS World Canada
* KBS Symphony Orchestra
* KBS Hall
* Television in South Korea
* Korean Central Broadcasting Committee (equivalent in North Korea)

## References

[edit]

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28. ^ Cho (조), Hyeon-ho (현호) (25 June 2011). "KBS 친일파를 영웅으로···시청자 '경악' "친일방송축하"". Media Today (in Korean). Archived from the original on 6 May 2012. Retrieved 13 July 2011.
29. ^ Park, Gwang-il (17 January 2012). "케이블TV 지상파 송출 중단…대구시민 분통". JoongAng Ilbo (in Korean). Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
30. ^ Yang, Seung-joon (18 January 2012). "'브레인' 신하균이 날린 역전만루홈런". Edaily (in Korean). Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
31. ^ Jeong, Yu-mi (17 January 2012). "'KBS2' 28시간 만에 송출 재개… 밀실 협상에 불씨 남긴 타결". Kyunghyang Shinmun (in Korean). Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
32. ^ "SKorea journalists protest alleged pro-gov't bias". Associated Press. 19 March 2012. Archived from the original on 4 July 2012. Retrieved 22 March 2012.
33. ^ "Massive Media Strike in South Korea". Sampsonia Way. 25 April 2012. Archived from the original on 13 April 2014. Retrieved 9 April 2014.
34. ^ "Special Show to Celebrate the Retirement of Parachute Executives". WORLDYAN NEWS. 19 March 2012. Archived from the original on 13 April 2014. Retrieved 9 April 2014.
35. ^ Cho (조), Hyeon-ho (현호) (14 March 2012). 이명박 태어나지도 않은 생가에 혈세 펑펑. Media Today (in Korean). Archived from the original on 17 March 2012. Retrieved 21 March 2012.
36. ^ Kim, Tong-hyung (12 March 2013). "Group protests IU's TV drama". The Korea Times. Archived from the original on 16 March 2013. Retrieved 12 March 2013.
37. ^ Kim, Ji-yeon (12 March 2013). "Korean drama sued over title". The Korea Herald. Archived from the original on 9 November 2013. Retrieved 12 March 2013.
38. ^ Lee, Sun-min (12 March 2013). "Group protests Lee Soon Shin drama". Korea JoongAng Daily. Archived from the original on 11 April 2013. Retrieved 12 March 2013.`{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
39. ^ Choi, Eun-hwa (12 March 2013). "You′re the Best Lee Soon Shin Gets KBS Involved in Another Title Controversy". enewsWorld. CJ E&M. Archived from the original on 19 April 2013. Retrieved 12 March 2013.
40. ^ '최고다이순신' 동전포스터, 어떻게 바뀌었나?. TV Report (in Korean). 18 March 2013. Archived from the original on 9 November 2013. Retrieved 19 March 2013.
41. ^ Lee, Sun-min (19 March 2013). "After outcry, KBS alters drama poster". Korea JoongAng Daily. Archived from the original on 24 March 2013. Retrieved 19 March 2013.`{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
42. ^ "> NEWS > Entertainment > Kim Jung-Tae dropping out in the middle of 'Superman', even made signature campaign". Archived from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 10 June 2014. Kim Jung-Tae dropping out in the middle of ‘Superman’, even made signature campaign. Retrieved 6 September 2014.
43. ^ [1] Archived 9 January 2022 at the Wayback Machine Kim Jung Tae and his son Jihoo ('Yakkungi') to leave 'Superman is Back'. Retrieved 6 September 2014.
44. ^ [2] Archived 9 January 2022 at the Wayback Machine Superman criticized for too much YG. Retrieved 7 January 2014.
45. ^ [3] Archived 9 January 2022 at the Wayback Machine'슈퍼맨이 돌아왔다', YG엔터테인먼트 홍보 방송인가요?. Retrieved 7 January 2014.
46. ^ [4] Archived 9 January 2022 at the Wayback Machine 'Superman' takes a jab at 'Dad' through captions. Retrieved 9 January 2014.
47. ^ [5] Archived 11 November 2017 at the Wayback Machine Producers of "Superman Returns" Address Criticism about Mothers’ Frequent Appearance. Retrieved 29 December 2014.
48. ^ [6] Archived 31 July 2017 at the Wayback Machine "Superman Returns" Sparks Controversy with Questionable Editing. Retrieved 29 December 2014.
49. ^ [7] Archived 12 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine "Superman Returns" Under Fire for "Rude Behavior" to Owner of Shoot Location. Retrieved 11 May 2015.
50. ^ [8] Archived 31 July 2017 at the Wayback Machine "Superman Returns" PD Says They Do Not Know If Song Il Gook Will Step Down From the Show. Retrieved 26 July 2015.
51. ^ [9] Archived 31 July 2017 at the Wayback Machine Fans of "Superman Returns" Kept on Edge With Song Il Gook's Drama Decision Still Up in the Air. Retrieved 26 July 2015.
52. ^ "KBS unions on strike demanding CEO's resignation". NHK. 29 May 2014. Archived from the original on 7 June 2014. Retrieved 9 April 2014.
53. ^ "Boycott at KBS leads to shortening of programs". NHK. Archived from the original on 25 May 2014. Retrieved 9 April 2014.
54. ^ "KBS board OKs dismissal of chief". NHK. Archived from the original on 7 June 2014. Retrieved 9 April 2014.
55. ^ girlfriday. "KBS, MBC union workers go on strike, programs halt production". DramaBeans. No. 30 August 2017. Archived from the original on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
56. ^ Qian. "MBC-KBS Media Strike: Once More, With Feeling". Seoul Beats. No. 12 September 2017. Archived from the original on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
57. ^ Shin, Hyo-ryung (29 October 2017). "KBS 파업 '1박2일' 결방···'슈퍼맨이 돌아왔다'만 방송". Newsis (in Korean). Archived from the original on 22 January 2018. Retrieved 21 January 2018.
58. ^ "KBS confirms '2017 KBS Entertainment Awards' canceled". Allkpop. 6Theory Media, LLC. 11 December 2017. Archived from the original on 15 December 2021. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
59. ^ Kim, Ga-young (22 January 2018). "KBS이사회, 고대영 사장 해임제청…총파업 141일 만". TV Report (in Korean). Archived from the original on 23 January 2018. Retrieved 22 January 2018.
60. ^ Kim, Mi-ji (22 January 2018). "[공식입장] KBS 총파업 141일 만에 고대영 사장 퇴출…노조 "우리가 이겼다"". Xsports News (in Korean). Archived from the original on 22 January 2018. Retrieved 22 January 2018.

## External links

[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Korean Broadcasting System.

* KBS.co.kr – official KBS Website (in Korean and English)
* World.KBS.co.kr Archived 17 November 2019 at the Wayback Machine – official KBS World website (in Korean, Arabic, German, English, Spanish, French, Indonesian, Chinese, Japanese, Vietnamese, and Russian)
* KBS America

* v
* t
* e

Korean Broadcasting System (KBS)

Key people|

| Current|

* Kim Ui-Chul

|

Former|

* Hong Kyung-mo
* Choi Se-kyung
* Lee Won-hong
* Park Hyun-tae
* Jung Koo-ho
* Seo Young-hoon
* Seo Ki-won
* Hong Doo-pyo
* Park Kwon-sang
* Seo Dong-koo
* Jung Yeon-joo
* Lee Byung-soon
* Kim In-kyoo
* Kil Hwan-young
* Jo Dae-hyun
* Ko Dae-young
* Yang Seung-dong

Subsidiaries and divisions|

* KBS Media
* KBS N
* Monster Union

Television networks|

| Broadcast|

* KBS 1TV
* KBS 2TV
* KBS News D

|

Cable|

* KBS Drama
* KBS N Sports
* KBS N Life
* KBS Joy
* KBS Story
* KBS Kids

International|

* KBS World
* KBS America
* KBS Korea
* KBS World Indonesia
* KBS World Japan
* KBS World Latino
* KBS World TV

Radio networks|

* KBS Radio 1
* KBS Radio 2
* KBS Radio 3
* KBS Classic FM
* KBS Cool FM
* KBS Hanminjok Radio
* KBS World Radio

Related articles|

* KBS Drama Awards
* KBS Hall
* KBS Symphony Orchestra

* v
* t
* e

Television networks in South Korea

The highlighted channel : Disaster Relay Broadcasting Service.

Free-to-air|

| National|

* KBS (KBS 1TV 9-1 ㆍ KBS 2TV 7-1 ㆍ KBS NEWS D 9-2 ㆍ KBS Radio 1 9-3)
* EBS (EBS 1TV 10-1 ㆍ EBS 2TV 10-2)

|

Seoul Capital Area|

* MBC (MBC TV 11-1)
* SBS (SBS TV 6-1)
* OBS (OBS-TV 8-1)

Gwandong|

* G1
* Chuncheon MBC
* Wonju MBC
* MBC Gangwon-yeongdong

Hoseo|

* TJB
* CJB
* Daejeon MBC
* MBC Chungbuk

Honam|

* kbc
* JTV
* Gwangju MBC
* Mokpo MBC
* Yeosu MBC
* Jeonju MBC

Yeongnam|

* KNN
* TBC
* ubc
* Busan MBC
* Daegu MBC
* Andong MBC
* Pohang MBC
* Ulsan MBC
* MBC Gyeongnam

Jeju Island|

* JIBS
* Jeju MBC

Generalist|

* JTBC
* MBN
* TV CHOSUN
* Channel A
* YTN
* Yonhap News TV
* National Assembly TV

Economy|

* SBS Biz
* Korea Economic TV

International|

* Arirang TV

Sports|

* KBS N Sports
* MBC Sports+
* SBS Sports
* SBS Golf
* SBS Golf 2
* tvN SPORTS
* JTBC Golf&Sports
* SPOTV
* SPOTV2
* SPOTV Golf&Health
* SPOTV ON
* SPOTV ON2
* SPOTV Prime
* SKY Sports

Entertainment|

* KBS Joy
* ENA
* ENA PLAY
* MBC M
* MBC every1
* SBS Plus
* SBS funE
* SBS F!L
* SBS F!L UHD
* SBS M
* JTBC2
* JTBC4
* TV CHOSUN2
* TV CHOSUN3
* MBN Plus
* Channel A+
* tvN
* tvN DRAMA
* tvN SHOW
* tvN STORY
* Mnet
* OGN
* SKY UHD
* THE LIFE
* Lifetime
* History
* MX
* STATV

Drama·Movie|

* KBS Drama
* KBS Story
* MBC Drama
* MBC ON
* ENA DRAMA
* ENA STORY
* OCN
* OCN Movies
* OCN Thrills
* UXN
* THE DRAMA
* CH.NOW
* CH.Ever
* Chunghwa TV
* Catch On 1
* Catch On 2
* ONCE
* TeleNovela

Culture|

* OL!FE
* KBS Life
* National Geographic
* Discovery Channel
* Animal Planet
* Mezzo Live HD

Edu·Kids|

* THE KIDS
* kidstalktalkplus

Anime & Cartoon|

* Tooniverse
* KBS Kids
* Animax
* Cartoon Network
* Cartoonito
* AniBox
* Anione TV
* Aniplus

Shopping|

* CJ ONSTYLE
* CJ ONSTYLE+
* LOTTE Homeshopping
* LOTTE One TV
* KT Alpha Shopping
* Public Home Shopping
* Shinsegae TV Shopping

* v
* t
* e

KBS entertainment shows

Airing|

* 2 Days & 1 Night
* The Return of Superman
* Music Bank
* Immortal Songs
* My Neighbor, Charles
* Problem Child in House
* Boss in the Mirror
* Stars' Top Recipe at Fun-Staurant
* LeeMujin Service
* Battle Trip
* Beat Coin
* The Seasons

Ended|

* Brave Family
* Invincible Youth
* Saturday Freedom
* Sponge 0
* Hello Baby
* KBS Gayo Daechukje
* Star Golden Bell
* I Am a Man
* Singing Battle
* Let's Go! Dream Team Season 2
* Vitamin
* Pot Stand
* The Human Condition
* A Style For You
* Sister's Slam Dunk
* Bragging Room Guest
* Dragon's Club: Overgrown Bromance
* 1 Percent of Friendship
* Where on Earth??
* Grandma's Restaurant in Samcheong-dong
* Six-Party Talks
* Matching Survival 1+1
* Trio's Childcare Challenge
* The Hit
* Sponge 2.0
* Hello Counselor
* Gag Concert
* Happy Together
* The Dreamer
* Top 10 Student
* Idol on Quiz
* Fly Shoot Dori — New Beginning
* You Hee-yeol's Sketchbook

Special|

* KBS Drama Awards
* KBS Entertainment Awards
* KBS Song Festival
* 2017
* 2018
* 2020
* 2021
* 2022

* v
* t
* e

List of television programs broadcast by region

Asia-wide

* Animal Planet
* Animax
* Armenia TV
* AXN
* BBC
* Boomerang
* Cartoon Network
* Discovery
* Discovery HD World
* Discovery Science
* Disney Channel Asia
* HBO
* MTV Southeast Asia
* National Geographic
* Nat Geo Wild
* Nickelodeon
* Syfy Asia
* STAR World
* Star Vijay
* STAR Movies/Fox Movies Premium
* Channel V

East Asia

| Hong Kong|

* TVB
* ViuTVsix
* Star Vijay

|

Japan|

* Animax
* TBS
* Tokyo MX
* TV Tokyo

South Korea|

* Arirang TV
* Cartoon Network
* Channel A
* Disney Channel
* KBS
* kakao TV
* MBC
* SBS
* SBS M
* JTBC
* Tooniverse
* TVING
* tvN
* OCN
* Mnet

South Asia

| Bangladesh|

* ATN Bangla
* Bangladesh Television
* Ekushey Television
* Duronto TV

|

India|

* &TV
* 9X
* Animal Planet
* Big Magic
* Cartoon Network
* Colors
* Colors Tamil
* DD National
* Discovery
* Discovery HD World
* Discovery Kids
* Disney Channel
* ETV
* Gemini TV
* Hungama TV
* Imagine TV
* Jaya TV
* Kalaignar TV
* Life OK
* Nat Geo
* Nat Geo Wild
* Nickelodeon
* Puthuyugam TV
* Raj TV
* SAB TV
* Sahara One
* Sony Entertainment Television
* Star Maa
* Star Bharat
* StarPlus
* Star Vijay
* Sun TV
* Zee TV
* Zee Tamizh
* Zee Telugu
* Zee Zindagi

Nepal|

* Nepal TV
* Kantipur Television
* AP1
* ABC Television (Nepal)
* Image
* Kantipur Gold
* Himalaya
* Janta
* NTV PLUS
* NTV Kohalpur
* NTV News
* Sagarmatha

Pakistan|

* ARY Digital
* ARY Zindagi
* Cartoon Network
* Geo Kahani
* Geo TV
* Hum TV
* Hum Sitaray
* Nickelodeon
* PTV
* Spacetoon
* TV One
* Urdu 1

Sri Lanka|

* Shakthi TV

Southeast Asia

| Malaysia|

* TV2
* TV3
* ntv7
* 8TV
* TV9
* Astro Ceria
* Star Vijay

|

Philippines|

* A2Z
* ABS-CBN
* AksyonTV/5 Plus
* ALLTV
* ANC
* Animal Planet
* Animax
* BEAM TV
* Boomerang
* CNN Philippines
* Discovery
* DZBB
* DWPM/TeleRadyo Serbisyo
* DZRH/DZRH News TV
* Fox Filipino
* Fox Movies
* GMA Network
* GTV
* Hero
* IBC
* INC TV
* Jack TV
* Jeepney TV
* Kapamilya Channel
* Knowledge Channel
* Light TV
* Metro Channel
* Nat Geo
* Nat Geo Wild
* Net 25
* One Sports
* PBS
* PIE
* PTV
* Radyo5/One PH
* RJTV
* RPN
* S+A
* SMNI
* SolarFlix
* TV5
* UNTV
* Yey!

Singapore|

* Asian Food Network
* BBC
* CNA
* Channel 5
* Channel 8
* Vasantham
* Star Vijay

Vietnam|

* Animal Planet
* AXN
* Discovery
* HanoiTV
* HTV1
* HTV2
* HTV3
* HTV4
* HTV7
* HTV9
* MTV Vietnam
* Nat Geo
* Nat Geo Wild
* RED by HBO
* Fox Movies
* THVN
* Vietnam Television (VTV)
* VTV1
* VTV2
* VTV4
* VTV5
* VTV6
* VTV7
* VTV8
* VTV9

Oceania

| Australia|

* ABC
* Animal Planet
* Cartoon Network
* Channel 31
* Discovery
* Discovery HD World
* Disney Channel
* MTV Australia
* Nat Geo
* Nat Geo Wild
* Network Ten
* Nine Network
* Sky News Live
* SBS
* SF Channel
* Seven Network

|

New Zealand|

* Prime
* TVNZ
* Warner Bros. Discovery

Europe

| Albania|

* Bang Bang
* Top Channel

|

Armenia|

* Armenia TV
* Armenia 1

Cyprus|

* CyBC
* METV

France|

* France 2
* Disney Channel
* TF1

Germany|

* Das Erste
* Kabel eins
* ProSieben
* RTL
* Sat.1
* ZDF
* ZDFneo

Greece|

* Alpha TV
* Alter Channel
* ANT1
* ERT
* Mega Channel

Ireland|

* Cartoonito
* RTÉ
* TG4
* Virgin Media

Italy|

* Fox
* FX
* Joi
* Mya
* Steel

Norway|

* NRK 1
* NRK 2
* NRK 3
* NRK super
* C More
* Canal 9 Norway
* Disney Channel Scandinavia
* FEM
* Max
* TV 2
* TV 2 Bliss
* TV 2 Livsstil
* TV2 Sport
* TV 2 Nyhetskanalen
* TV3 Norway
* TVNorge
* Vox

Poland|

* Polsat
* TVN
* TVN 7

Portugal|

* Disney Channel
* SIC
* TVI

Spain|

* TVE
* La 1
* La 2
* Antena 3
* Cuatro
* Telecinco
* La Sexta

United Kingdom|

* Animal Planet
* BBC
* Boomerang
* Bravo
* Cartoonito
* Cartoon Network
* CBBC
* CBeebies
* Challenge
* Channel 4
* Channel 5
* Channel One
* Comedy Central
* Discovery
* Discovery Home & Health
* Disney Channel
* Disney XD
* E4
* ITV
* ITV2
* Nat Geo
* Nat Geo Wild
* Nickelodeon
* Nicktoons
* Nick Jr.
* Pop
* Sky One
* Sky Sci-Fi
* Sky Witness

Middle East

| Israel|

* Channel 2
* Channel 1
* Israeli Educational Television
* Arutz HaYeladim

|

North America

| Canada|

* ABC Spark
* Adult Swim
* BBC Canada
* Boomerang
* Bravo
* Cartoon Network
* CBC
* Citytv
* CTV/CTV 2
* CTV Comedy Channel
* CTV Drama Channel
* CTV Life Channel
* CTV Sci-Fi Channel
* DejaView
* Disney Channel
* DTour
* E! (TV system)
* E! (specialty channel)
* Family
* Food Network
* FX
* FXX
* Global
* Global Reality
* HGTV
* History
* Ici Radio-Canada Télé
* Joytv
* Knowledge Network
* Makeful
* MTV
* MTV2
* Much
* Nickelodeon
* Noovo
* OUTtv
* The Pet Network
* Prise 2
* Showcase
* Slice
* Sportsnet 360
* Treehouse TV
* TSN
* TVA
* TVOntario
* Yes TV
* YTV

|

Caribbean|

* Caribbean Broadcasting Corporation
* CaribVision
* Cubavision International
* Tempo TV

Mexico|

* Canal Once
* Imagen Televisión
* Televisa

United States|

* ABC
* Adult Swim
* A&E
* Amazon Freevee
* Amazon Prime Video
* AMC
* Animal Planet
* Antenna TV
* Apple TV+
* Audience
* Azteca
* BBC America
* BET
* BET+
* BET Her
* Boomerang
* Bravo
* Cartoon Network
* Cartoonito
* Catchy Comedy
* CBS
* Chiller
* Cinemax
* CMT
* CNBC
* CNN
* Comedy Central
* Cooking Channel
* Crackle
* Create
* Curiosity Stream
* The CW
* The CW Plus
* DC Universe
* Destination America
* Discovery Channel
* Discovery Family
* Disney Channel
* Disney+
* Disney Jr.
* Disney XD
* DuMont
* E!
* Esquire Network
* ESPN
* Facebook Watch
* Food Network
* Fox
* Fox Business
* Fox Kids
* Fox News
* Fox Sports 1
* Freeform
* Fuse
* FX
* FXX
* G4
* GetTV
* Game Show Network
* Great American Family
* HBO
* Hallmark Channel
* H&I
* HGTV
* History
* Hulu
* IFC
* Investigation Discovery
* Ion
* Justice Network
* Kids' WB
* Lifetime
* Logo
* Max
* MeTV
* MGM+
* MSNBC
* MTV
* MTV2
* MTV Classic
* MundoMax
* MyNetworkTV
* Nat Geo
* Nat Geo Wild
* NBC
* NBCSN
* Netflix
* NewsNation
* NFL Network
* Nickelodeon
* Nick at Nite
* Nick GaS
* Nick Jr.
* Nick Jr. Channel
* Nicktoons
* Noggin
* NTA Film Net
* OWN
* Oxygen
* Paramount Network
* Paramount+
* Paramount+ with Showtime
* PBS
* PBS Kids
* Peacock
* Playhouse Disney
* Pop
* Qubo
* Quibi
* Retro TV
* RT America
* Science
* Seeso
* Shudder
* Smile
* Speed
* Spike
* Starz
* Sundance TV
* Syfy
* Syndication
* TBD
* TBS
* TechTV
* TeenNick
* Telemundo
* TheCoolTV
* The Roku Channel
* The WB
* The WB 100+
* This TV
* TLC
* TNT
* Toon Disney
* Toonami
* Tr3s
* Travel Channel
* truTV
* TV Land
* TV One
* UniMás
* Universal Kids
* Univision
* Up TV
* UPN
* UPN Kids
* USA Network
* VH1
* Vice TV
* We TV
* Yahoo! Screen
* YouTube Premium

Latin America

* Animal Planet
* BBC
* Canal Sony
* Cartoon Network
* Cartoonito
* Discovery Kids
* Discovery
* Discovery Science
* Disney+ Latin America
* Star+
* Disney Channel
* Disney Junior
* Star Channel
* Nat Geo
* Nickelodeon
* Nick Jr.
* Warner Channel

South America

| Argentina|

* América TV
* elnueve
* eltrece
* Net TV
* Telefe
* TVP

|

Brazil|

* Band
* CNT
* Disney Channel Brazil
* Globo
* GloboNews
* Mix TV
* MTV
* Nickelodeon
* Multishow
* Record News
* Record
* RedeTV!
* SBT

Chile|

* Canal 13
* Chilevisión
* La Red
* Mega
* TVN

Colombia|

* Canal 1
* Caracol Televisión
* RCN Televisión

Ecuador|

* Ecuavisa
* Gamavisión
* RTS
* TC Televisión
* Teleamazonas

Peru|

* América Televisión
* ATV
* Latina Televisión
* Panamericana Televisión

Venezuela|

* RCTV
* Televen
* TVes
* Venevisión
* Venezolana de Televisión

Multiple regions

* Jetix
* The Filipino Channel
* GMA Pinoy TV
* GMA Life TV
* GMA News TV International
* Max
* Xbox Live
* Netflix
* Amazon Prime Video
* Paramount+
* Disney+
* Apple TV+
* Star

* v
* t
* e

Members of the European Broadcasting Union

Active
members|

| Current|

* ARD
* BR
* DLR
* DW
* HR
* MDR
* NDR
* RB
* RBB
* SR
* SWR
* WDR
* ARMR
* ARMTV
* BBC
* BHRT
* BNR
* BNT
* ČRo
* ČT
* CyBC
* DR
* ENRS
* EPTV
* ERR
* ER
* ETV
* ERSL
* ERT
* ERA
* GPB
* GRF
* FMM
* FTV
* RF
* HRT
* HR
* İCTI
* İR
* İTV
* JRTV
* KAN
* LNC
* LRT
* LSM
* LR
* LTV
* MMD
* MRT
* MTVA
* Duna
* NPO
* AVROTROS
* BNNVARA
* EO
* HUMAN
* KRO-NCRV
* MAX
* NOS
* NTR
* ON
* PowNed
* Ster
* VPRO
* WNL
* Zwart
* NRK
* NTU
* ORF
* PBS
* PR
* RAI
* ROR
* RTBF
* RTCG
* RTÉ
* RTL
* RTP
* RTS
* RTSH
* RTT
* RT
* TT
* RTVA
* RTVE
* RNE
* TVE
* RTVSLO
* RÚV
* SMRTV
* SNRT
* SRG SSR
* SRT
* SR
* SVT
* UR
* STVR
* SU
* TDA
* TG4
* TL
* TRM
* TRT
* TVM (MC)
* TV 2 (DK)
* TV 2 (NO)
* TVP
* TVR
* UKIB
* C4
* ITV
* S4C
* STV
* VR
* VRT
* Yle
* ZDF

|

Suspended|

* BTRC
* C1R
* RDO
* MK
* OP
* VGTRK

Former|

* A3R
* C+
* C1O
* COPE
* CRCA
* ČST
* E1
* ERTT
* GRMC
* RMC
* TMC
* IBA (GB)
* IBA (IL)
* ITA
* ITCA
* JRT
* LJBC
* MBA
* MR
* MTV (FI)
* MTV (HU)
* NERIT
* OFRT
* ORTF
* RTF
* RTVS
* SER
* SRo
* STV
* TDF
* TF1
* TMC
* TV4
* UJRT

Associate
members|

| Current|

* ABC (AU)
* ABC (US)
* ACORAB
* APM
* C13 (CL)
* CBC/SRC (CA)
* CBS
* CMG
* CCTV
* CGTN
* CNR
* CRI
* FPA
* Free
* ICRT
* IRIB
* KA
* KBS
* MBC (MU)
* NBAB
* NBC (US)
* NHK
* NPR
* ORTAS
* PART
* RB
* RNZ
* RTHK
* RTM
* SBS
* SMG
* TBS
* TEME
* TVNZ
* WFMT

|

Former|

* 4TA
* ABERT
* AFMN
* AIR
* AMÉRICA
* ANB
* ATEC
* ATV
* BCB
* C7
* C12
* C13 (AR)
* CBC (BB)
* CBC (LK)
* CMRT
* CNN
* CPB
* CTV
* DA
* EBC
* EMI
* EURT
* FTN
* GBC
* GBS
* GLOBO
* GRTS
* IBB
* IRV
* JBC
* JCC
* IBTE
* KBTS
* KNR
* LBC
* MBC (MW)
* MBC (KR)
* MBS
* MPR
* NACB
* NAEB
* NBC (NG)
* NBC (PNG)
* NET
* NTV
* NTVC
* NYPR
* ORTN
* PANTEL
* PBC
* PTV
* QR
* QTBC
* RCR
* RCTV
* RD
* REI
* RN
* RNT
* RP
* RRI
* RTC
* RTG
* RTI
* RTM
* RTS
* RTV
* SABC
* SABTVS
* SLBC
* STS
* T2
* TBC
* TCM
* TFM/JOAU-FM
* TH
* TIM
* TIME
* TSM
* TSN
* TVA
* TVB
* TVM (MR)
* TVN
* TVRI
* UAERTVD
* USIA
* VK
* VV
* VZ
* WGBH
* ZBC

Approved
participants|

| Current|

* Arte
* CAT
* Cellnex
* Euronews
* JPMRD
* RTV
* TV5Monde

|

Former|

* Abertis
* AH
* MEBC
* RETE
* RTRN
* SNTC
* URTI

Authority control databases

International|

* ISNI
* VIAF

National|

* Germany
* United States
* France
* BnF data
* Japan
* Israel

Academics|

* CiNii

37°31′28″N 126°55′1″E﻿ / ﻿37.52444°N 126.91694°E﻿ / 37.52444; 126.91694
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[(MC)]: Monaco
*[(DK)]: Denmark
*[(NO)]: Norway
*[(GB)]: United Kingdom
*[(IL)]: Israel
*[(FI)]: Finland
*[(HU)]: Hungary
*[(AU)]: Australia
*[(US)]: United States
*[(CL)]: Chile
*[(CA)]: Canada
*[(MU)]: Mauritius
*[(AR)]: Argentina
*[(BB)]: Barbados
*[(LK)]: Sri Lanka
*[(MW)]: Malawi
*[(KR)]: South Korea
*[(NG)]: Nigeria
*[(PNG)]: Papua New Guinea
*[(MR)]: Mauritania