Kullui

Indo-Aryan language spoken in India

Not to be confused with the Kulu language.

Kullui

𑚊𑚰𑚥𑚷𑚱𑚃, कुळूई, kuḷūī

Kuḷūī written in Takri Script

Native to| India
Region| Himachal Pradesh

Native speakers

| 196,295 (2011)[1]

Language family

Indo-European

* Indo-Iranian
* Indo-Aryan
* Northern
* Western Pahari
* Kullui

Writing system

| Takri, Devanagari
Language codes
ISO 639-3| `kfx`
Glottolog| `kull1236`
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Kullui (Kullū, also known as Kulvi, Takri: 𑚊𑚰𑚥𑚷𑚱𑚃/𑚊𑚰𑚥𑚷𑚱𑚦𑚯) is Western Pahari language spoken in the Kullu District of the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh.

Wiktionary has a category on Kullu Pahari language.

## Phonology

[edit]

### Consonants

[edit]

| Bilabial | Dental | Alveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Pharyngeal | Glottal

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Plosive | p
pʰ | b
bʱ | t̪
t̪ʰ | d̪
d̪ʱ |  | ʈ
ʈʰ | ɖ
ɖʱ |  | k
kʰ | ɡ
ɡʱ |  | ʔ
Affricate |  |  | ts
tsʰ | dz
dzʱ |  | c͡ç
c͡çʰ | ɟ͡ʝ
ɟ͡ʝʱ |  |  |
Fricative |  |  | s |  | ɕ |  | ħ | ɦ
Nasal | m | n̪ |  | ɳ | ɲ | ŋ |  |
Trill/Flap |  |  | r | ɽ |  |  |  |
Lateral |  |  | l | ɭ |  |  |  |
Approximant |  |  |  |  | j |  |  |

For the stops and affricates there is a four-way distinction in phonation between tenuis /p/, voiced /b/, aspirated /pʰ/ and breathy voiced /bʱ/ series. Thakur (1975, pp. 175–8) lists as separate phonemes aspirated correlates of /ŋ/, /n/, /m/, /j/, /r/, /ɽ/, /l/ and /ɭ/, but describes the aspiration as a voiceless pharyngeal friction. /n̪/ is dental, but becomes alveolar if the next syllable contains a retroflex consonant. /ŋ/ and /ɲ/ are rare, but contrast with the other nasals word-medially between vowels. /ɳ/, /ɭ/ and /ɽ/, together with their aspirated correlates, don't occur in the beginning of words.[2] The glottal stop occurs only between a vowel and /ɳ/, /n/, /r/ or /l/, e.g. [kɑːʔɭ] "a trumpet", which contrasts with [kɑːɭ] "famine". The pharyngeal fricative /ħ/ historically derives from /s/ and occurs word-finally, e.g. [ɡʱɑːħ] "grass", [biːħ] "twenty".[3]

## Script

[edit]

The native script of the language is a variety of the Takri script.

Sample text in Takri

## Status

[edit]

The language is commonly called Pahari or Himachali.[citation needed] The language has no official status. According to the United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO), the language is of definitely endangered category, i.e. many Kulluvi children are not learning Kulluvi as their mother tongue any longer.[4]

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ "Statement 1: Abstract of speakers' strength of languages and mother tongues - 2011". www.censusindia.gov.in. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 2018-07-07.
2. ^ Thakur 1975, p. 180\. An exception is the word [ɽəbɑːɳɑː] "to throw".
3. ^ Thakur 1975, p. 181.
4. ^ "Endangered languages".

## Bibliography

[edit]

* Thakur, Mauluram (1975), Pahāṛī bhāṣā, Delhi: Sanmarg Prakashan

## External links

[edit]

* Pahari-languages.ru, a Kullui documentation project

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* t
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Indo-Aryan languages

Dardic|

| Kashmiri|

* Kashmiri
* Kishtwari

|

Shina|

* Shina
* Brokskat
* Kundal Shahi
* Kalkoti
* Ushoji
* Palula
* Sawi

Pashayi|

* Pashayi

Kunar|

* Dameli
* Gawar-Bati
* Nangalami
* Shumashti
* Wotapuri-Katarqalai

Chitral|

* Kalasha
* Khowar

Hazara Division|

* Indus Kohistani
* Bateri
* Chilisso
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Northern|

| Eastern|

* Doteli
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* Nepali

|

Central|

* Garhwali
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Western|

* Dogri
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* Churahi
* Bhateali
* Bilaspuri
* Chambeali
* Gaddi
* Pangwali
* Mandeali
* Mahasu Pahari
* Jaunsari
* Kullui
* Pahari Kinnauri
* Hinduri
* Sirmauri
* Sarazi

Northwestern|

| Punjabi|

| Eastern|

* Punjabi
* dialects
* Sansi

|

Lahnda|

* Hindko
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* Pahari-Pothwari
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Sindhi|

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Western|

| Gujarati|

* Aer
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* Vaghri

|

Rajasthani|

* Bagri
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Bhil|

* Bhili
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* Mawchi
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* Vaagri Booli

Others|

* Khandeshi
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* list of languages

Central|

| Western|

* Braj Bhasha
* Bundeli
* Haryanvi
* Hindustani
* Kauravi
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* Hinglish/Urdish
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|

Eastern|

* Awadhi
* Bagheli
* Chhattisgarhi
* Fiji Hindi

Others|

* Parya

Eastern|

| Bihari|

| Bhojpuric|

* Bhojpuri
* Caribbean Hindustani

|

Magahi|

* Magahi
* Khortha

Maithili|

* Maithili
* Angika
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Sadanic|

* Sadri
* Kurmali

Tharuic|

* Tharu
* Kochila
* Buksa
* Majhi
* Musasa

Others|

* Kumhali
* Kuswaric
* Bote-Darai
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Gauda–
Kamarupa|

| Bengali|

* Bengali
* dialects
* Bishnupriya Manipuri
* Hajong
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* Noakhali
* Sylheti
* Tanchangya
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* Chakma
* Rohingya

|

Kamarupic|

* Assamese
* Kamrupi
* Dehan
* Goalpariya
* Rajbanshi (Nepal)
* Rangpuri
* Surjapuri

Odia|

* Odia
* Sambalpuri
* Desia
* Bhatri
* Bodo Parja
* Reli
* Kupia

Halbic|

* Halbi
* Kamar
* Bhunjia
* Nahari

Southern|

| Marathi–
Konkani|

| Marathic|

* Marathi
* Varhadi
* Andh
* Berar Deccan
* Varli
* Phudagi
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|

Konkanic|

* Konkani
* Maharashtrian Konkani
* Nawayathi

Insular|

* Maldivian
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Old|

* Sanskrit
* Vedic
* Classical
* Mitanni superstrate

Middle|

| Early|

* Ashokan Prakrit
* Pāli
* Early Ardhamagadhi

|

Middle (Prakrit)|

* Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit
* Dramatic Prakrits
* Ardhamagadhi
* Magadhi
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Late (Apabhraṃśa)|

* Abahattha
* Apabhraṃśa
* Elu
* Kamarupi
* Khasa Prakrit

Proto-
languages|

* Proto-Indo-Iranian
* Proto-Indo-Aryan

Unclassified|

* Badeshi (unknown further classification)
* Bazigar
* Chinali–Lahul
* Chinali
* Lahul Lohar
* Sheikhgal

Pidgins
and creoles|

* Andaman Creole Hindi
* Bombay Hindi
* Haflong Hindi
* Nagamese
* Nefamese
* Vedda

See also
Indo-Iranian languages
Nuristani languages
Iranian languages

Authority control databases: National |

* United States
* Israel

|

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