La (Mongolic)

Letter of related and vertically oriented alphabets used to write Mongolic and Tungusic languages

La is a letter of related and vertically oriented alphabets used to write Mongolic and Tungusic languages.[1]: 549–551

## Mongolian language

[edit]

Look up ᠯ in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Main articles: Mongolian script, Mongolian writing systems, and Mongolian language

The Mongolian script
Mongolian vowels
| ᠠ

| ᠡ

| ᠢ

| ᠣ

| ᠤ

| ᠥ

| ᠦ

|
|
|
|
|
|

(ē)

| | | | | |
Mongolian consonants
| ᠨ

| ᠩ

| ᠪ

| ᠫ

(p)

| ᠬ

q/k

| ᠭ

ɣ/g

| ᠮ

|
|
|
|
|
|

| ᠰ

| ᠱ

| ᠲ

| ᠳ

| ᠴ

| ᠵ

| ᠷ

| ᠸ

(w)

| | | |
Mongolian script multigraphs

* Galik alphabet

* v
* t
* e

Letter[2]: 13, 17 [3]: 546 [4]: 212, 214

l | Transliteration[note 1]
(ᠯ‍) | Initial[note 2]
‍ᠯ‍ | Medial (syllable-initial)
Medial (syllable-final)
‍ᠯ | Final
C-V syllables[6]: 8

l‑a, l‑e | la, le | li | lo, lu | lö, lü | Transliteration
—  | ᠯᠠ
[note 3] | ᠯᠢ | ᠯᠣ᠋ | ᠯᠥ᠋ | Alone
ᠯᠠ‍ | ᠯᠢ‍ | ᠯᠣ‍ | ᠯᠥ‍ | Initial
‍ᠯᠠ‍ | ‍ᠯᠢ‍ | ‍ᠯᠣ‍ | Medial
‍ᠯ᠎ᠠ⟨?⟩ ⟨⟩ | ‍ᠯᠠ | ‍ᠯᠢ | ‍ᠯᠣ | Final
Separated suffixes[note 4]

‑lu, ‑lü | Transliteration
ᠯᠤ‍ | Initial

* Transcribes Chakhar /l/;[10][11] Khalkha /ɮ/.[12]: 40–42 Transliterated into Cyrillic with the letter л.[6][5]
* Not occurring word-initially in native words.[13]: 10
* Forms a ligature with a preceding bow-shaped consonant in loanwords such as ᠪᠯᠠᠮ᠎ᠠ⟨?⟩ blam-a 'lama' from Tibetan བླ་མ་ Wylie: bla-ma.[2]: 15, 32 [14]: 36
* Derived from Old Uyghur hooked resh (𐾁).[3]: 539–540, 545–546 [15]: 111, 113 [14]: 35
* Produced with `L` using the Windows Mongolian keyboard layout.[16]
* In the Mongolian Unicode block, l comes after m and before s.

## Clear Script

[edit]

Look up ᠯ in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Main article: Clear Script

## Xibe language

[edit]

Look up ᠯ in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Main article: Xibe language § Alphabet

## Manchu language

[edit]

Look up ᠯ in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Main article: Manchu alphabet

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ Scholarly transliteration.[5]
2. ^ Not found in native Mongolian words.
3. ^ As in the intensifying ⟨ᠯᠠ⟩ / ᠡᠯᠡ la/le / ele (Khalkha: л l) particle, or ᠯᠠ la (Khalkha: лаа(н) laa(n)) 'candle'.[8]: 308, 513
4. ^ Separated suffixes starting with the letter l include:  ᠯᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ⟨?⟩/ ᠯᠦᠭᠡ⟨?⟩ ‑luɣ‑a/‑lüge (comitative).[9]

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "The Unicode Standard, Version 14.0 – Core Specification Chapter 13: South and Central Asia-II, Other Modern Scripts" (PDF). www.unicode.org. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
2. ^ a b Poppe, Nicholas (1974). Grammar of Written Mongolian. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 978-3-447-00684-2.
3. ^ a b Daniels, Peter T.; Bright, William (1996). The World's Writing Systems. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-507993-7.
4. ^ Bat-Ireedui, Jantsangiyn; Sanders, Alan J. K. (2015-08-14). Colloquial Mongolian: The Complete Course for Beginners. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-30598-9.
5. ^ a b "Mongolian transliterations" (PDF). Institute of the Estonian Language. 2006-05-06.
6. ^ a b Skorodumova, L. G. (2000). Vvedenie v staropismenny mongolskiy yazyk Введение в старописьменный монгольский язык (PDF) (in Russian). Muravey-Gayd. ISBN 5-8463-0015-4.
7. ^ "Mongolian Transliteration & Transcription". collab.its.virginia.edu. Retrieved 2023-03-26.
8. ^ Lessing, Ferdinand (1960). Mongolian-English Dictionary (PDF). University of California Press. Note that this dictionary uses the transliterations c, ø, x, y, z, ai, and ei; instead of č, ö, q, ü, ǰ, ayi, and eyi;: xii as well as problematically and incorrectly treats all rounded vowels (o/u/ö/ü) after the initial syllable as u or ü.[7]
9. ^ "PROPOSAL Encode Mongolian Suffix Connector (U+180F) To Replace Narrow Non-Breaking Space (U+202F)" (PDF). UTC Document Register for 2017. 2017-01-15.
10. ^ "Mongolian Traditional Script". Chinese, Japanese, Vietnamese, and Mongolian Language Site. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
11. ^ "Writing – Study Mongolian". Study Mongolian. August 2013. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
12. ^ Svantesson, Jan-Olof; Tsendina, Anna; Karlsson, Anastasia; Franzen, Vivan (2005-02-10). The Phonology of Mongolian. OUP Oxford. ISBN 978-0-19-151461-6.
13. ^ Grønbech, Kaare; Krueger, John Richard (1993). An Introduction to Classical (literary) Mongolian: Introduction, Grammar, Reader, Glossary. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 978-3-447-03298-8.
14. ^ a b Janhunen, Juha (2006-01-27). The Mongolic Languages. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-79690-7.
15. ^ Clauson, Gerard (2005-11-04). Studies in Turkic and Mongolic Linguistics. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-43012-3.
16. ^ jowilco. "Windows keyboard layouts - Globalization". Microsoft Docs. Retrieved 2022-05-16.

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