Lanthanum hydroxide

Lanthanum(III) hydroxide

__ La3+ __ OH−

Names
IUPAC name

Lanthanum(III) hydroxide

Identifiers

CAS Number

* 14507-19-8 Y

3D model (JSmol)

* Interactive image

ChemSpider |

* 119053

ECHA InfoCard | 100.034.994
EC Number |

* 238-510-2

PubChem CID

* 135111

UNII |

* 7PTY21U5YN Y

CompTox Dashboard (EPA)

* DTXSID5065778

InChI

* InChI=1S/La.3H2O/h;3*1H2

Key: YXEUGTSPQFTXTR-UHFFFAOYSA-K

SMILES

* [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[La+3]

Properties

Chemical formula

| La(OH)3
Molar mass | 189.93 g/mol

Solubility in water

| Ksp= 2.00·10−21
Structure

Crystal structure

| hexagonal

Space group

| P63/m, No. 176

Lattice constant

a = 6.547 Å, c = 3.854 Å

Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):

Main hazards

| Irritant
GHS labelling:[1]

Pictograms

Signal word

| Danger

Hazard statements

| H314

Precautionary statements

| P260, P264, P280, P301+P330+P331, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P321, P363, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)  |

Flash point | Non-flammable
Related compounds

Other anions

| Lanthanum(III) chloride

Other cations

| Cerium(III) hydroxide
Actinium(III) hydroxide

Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

N (what is YN ?)

Infobox references

Chemical compound

Lanthanum hydroxide is La(OH)
3, a hydroxide of the rare-earth element lanthanum.

## Synthesis

[edit]

Lanthanum hydroxide can be obtained by adding an alkali such as ammonia to aqueous solutions of lanthanum salts such as lanthanum nitrate. This produces a gel-like precipitate that can then be dried in air.[2]

La(NO3)3 \+ 3 NH4OH → La(OH)3 \+ 3 NH4NO3

Alternatively, it can be produced by hydration reaction (addition of water) to lanthanum oxide.[3]

La2O3 \+ 3 H2O → 2 La(OH)3

## Characteristics

[edit]

Lanthanum hydroxide does not react much with alkaline substances, however is slightly soluble in acidic solution.[2] In temperatures above 330 °C it decomposes into lanthanum oxide hydroxide (LaOOH), which upon further heating decomposes into lanthanum oxide (La2O3):[4]

La(OH)3 -> − H 2 O 330 o C {\displaystyle \mathrm {{\xrightarrow[{-H_{2}O}]{330\ ^{o}C}}\ } } LaOOH

2 LaOOH  -> − H 2 O Δ {\displaystyle \mathrm {{\xrightarrow[{-H_{2}O}]{\Delta }}\ } } La2O3

Lanthanum hydroxide crystallizes in the hexagonal crystal system. Each lanthanum ion in the crystal structure is surrounded by nine hydroxide ions in a tricapped trigonal prism.[5]

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "C&L Inventory". echa.europa.eu.
2. ^ a b E.V. Shkolnikov (2009). "Thermodynamic Characterization of the Amphoterism of Hydroxides and Oxides of Scandium Subgroup Elements in Aqueous Media". Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry. 82 (2): 2098–2104. doi:10.1134/S1070427209120040. S2CID 93220420.
3. ^ Ding, Jiawen; Wu, Yanli; Sun, Weili; Li, Yongxiu (2006). "Preparation of La(OH)3 and La2O3 with Rod Morphology by Simple Hydration of La2O3". Journal of Rare Earths. 24 (4): 440–442. doi:10.1016/S1002-0721(06)60139-7.
4. ^ Michael E. Brown, Patrick Kent Gallagher (2008). Handbook of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry. Elsevier. p. 482\. ISBN 978-0-44453123-0.
5. ^ Beall, G.W.; Milligan, W.O.; Wolcott, Herbert A. (1977). "Structural trends in the lanthanide trihydroxides". Journal of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry. 39 (1): 65–70. doi:10.1016/0022-1902(77)80434-X.

## External links

[edit]

* "Lanthanum - Element information, properties and uses - Periodic Table". rsc.org.
* External MSDS 1
* External MSDS 2
* Lanthanum Oxide MSDS

* v
* t
* e

Lanthanum compounds

* La(CH
3COO)

* La(C5H7O2)3
* LaAlO3
* LaB6
* LBCO
* LaBr3
* LaC2
* LaCl3
* La2(CO3)3
* LaCoO3
* C
36H
72LaO

* LaF3
* LaH10
* La2Hf2O7
* La(IO3)3
* LaI3
* LaN
* LaMnO3
* LaNix (LaNi5)
* La(NO3)3
* La
2(C

* La2O3
* LaOF
* La

* La(OH)3
* LaP
* La2Te3
* LaYbO3
* LLZO
* LSAT
* LSCF
* LSM
* C
54H
105LaO

* LaS
* La2S3

* v
* t
* e

Hydroxides

| HOH |  |  |  | He

|
|
|
|

LiOH | Be(OH)2 | B(OH)3 | C(OH)4 | N(OH)3
[NH4]+OH− | O(OH)2 | FOH | Ne
NaOH | Mg(OH)2 | Al(OH)3 | Si(OH)4 | P(OH)3 | S(OH)2 | ClOH | Ar
KOH | Ca(OH)2 |  | Sc(OH)3 | Ti(OH)2
Ti(OH)3
Ti(OH)4 | V(OH)2
V(OH)3 | Cr(OH)2
Cr(OH)3 | Mn(OH)2 | Fe(OH)2
Fe(OH)3 | Co(OH)2 | Ni(OH)2 | CuOH
Cu(OH)2 | Zn(OH)2 | Ga(OH)3 | Ge(OH)2 | As(OH)3 | Se  | BrOH | Kr
RbOH | Sr(OH)2 |  | Y(OH)3 | Zr(OH)4 | Nb  | Mo  | Tc(OH)4 | Ru  | Rh(OH)3 | Pd  | AgOH | Cd(OH)2 | In(OH)3 | Sn(OH)2
Sn(OH)4 | Sb(OH)3 | Te(OH)6 | IOH | Xe
CsOH | Ba(OH)2 | *  | Lu(OH)3 | Hf  | Ta  | W  | Re  | Os  | Ir  | Pt  | Au(OH)3 | Hg(OH)2 | TlOH
Tl(OH)3 | Pb(OH)2
Pb(OH)4 | Bi(OH)3 | Po  | At  | Rn
FrOH | Ra(OH)2 | **  | Lr  | Rf  | Db  | Sg  | Bh  | Hs  | Mt  | Ds  | Rg  | Cn  | Nh  | Fl  | Mc  | Lv  | Ts  | Og

*  | La(OH)3 | Ce(OH)3
Ce(OH)4 | Pr(OH)3 | Nd(OH)3 | Pm(OH)3 | Sm(OH)3 | Eu(OH)2
Eu(OH)3 | Gd(OH)3 | Tb(OH)3 | Dy(OH)3 | Ho(OH)3 | Er(OH)3 | Tm(OH)3 | Yb(OH)3
**  | Ac(OH)3 | Th(OH)4 | Pa  | U(OH)2
U(OH)3
UO2(OH)2 | Np(OH)3
Np(OH)4
NpO2(OH)3 | Pu  | Am(OH)3 | Cm(OH)3 | Bk  | Cf  | Es  | Fm  | Md  | No

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*[P264]: P264: Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
*[P280]: P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
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