Late Miocene

Sub-epoch of the Miocene Epoch

System/
Period | Series/
Epoch | Stage/
Age | Age (Ma)

|
|
|

Quaternary | Pleistocene | Gelasian | younger
Neogene | Pliocene | Piacenzian | 2.58  | 3.600
Zanclean | 3.600  | 5.333
Miocene | Messinian | 5.333  | 7.246
Tortonian | 7.246  | 11.63
Serravallian | 11.63  | 13.82
Langhian | 13.82  | 15.97
Burdigalian | 15.97  | 20.44
Aquitanian | 20.44  | 23.03
Paleogene | Oligocene | Chattian | older
Subdivision of the Neogene Period
according to the ICS, as of 2017[1]

The Late Miocene (also known as Upper Miocene) is a sub-epoch of the Miocene Epoch made up of two stages. The Tortonian and Messinian stages comprise the Late Miocene sub-epoch, which lasted from 11.63 Ma (million years ago) to 5.333 Ma.

## The evolution of Homo

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The gibbons (family Hylobatidae) and orangutans (genus Pongo) were the first groups to split from the line leading to the hominins, including humans, then gorillas (genus Gorilla), and finally chimpanzees and bonobos (genus Pan). The splitting date between hominin and chimpanzee lineages is placed by some between 4 and 8 million years ago, that is, during the Late Miocene.[2][3][4][5]

## References

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1. ^ "ICS Timescale Chart". stratigraphy.org.
2. ^ Dawkins, Richard (2004). The ancestor's tale : a pilgrimage to the dawn of evolution. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. ISBN 0-618-00583-8. OCLC 56617123.
3. ^ "Find Time of Divergence: Hominidae versus Hylobatidae". TimeTree. Archived from the original on 2015-04-18. Retrieved April 18, 2015.
4. ^ Ruvolo, M. (October 1997). "Genetic Diversity in Hominoid Primates". Annual Review of Anthropology. 26: 515–540\. doi:10.1146/annurev.anthro.26.1.515. ISSN 0084-6570.
5. ^ Ruvolo, M (March 1997). "Molecular Phylogeny of the Hominoids: Inferences from Multiple Independent DNA Sequence Data Sets". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 14 (3): 248–265\. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a025761. ISSN 0737-4038. PMID 9066793.

## External links

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* GeoWhen Database - Late Miocene

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Neogene Period

| Miocene Epoch| Pliocene Epoch

|

* Aquitanian
* Burdigalian
* Langhian
* Serravallian
* Tortonian
* Messinian

* Zanclean
* Piacenzian

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