Latin American Integration Association

Latin American multinational organization

This article is about the trade association. For the farming implement, see Laia (tool).

Not to be confused with Latin American Economic System.

"Aladi" redirects here. For the given name, see Aladi (name).

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Latin American Integration Association

Asociación Latinoamericana de Integración
Associação Latino-Americana de Integração

Flag

Administrative center| Montevideo, Uruguay
Working languages|

* Spanish
* Portuguese

Type| Trade bloc
Membership|

13 members

* Argentina
* Bolivia
* Brazil
* Chile
* Colombia
* Cuba
* Ecuador
* Mexico
* Paraguay
* Panama
* Peru
* Uruguay
* Venezuela

Leaders

• Secretary General

| Sergio Abreu
Establishment

• Treaty of Montevideo

| 12 August 1980

Website
http://www.aladi.org/

The Latin American Integration Association / Asociación Latinoamericana de Integración / Associação Latino-Americana de Integração (LAIA / ALADI) is an international and regional scope organization. It was created on 12 August 1980 by the 1980 Montevideo Treaty,[1][2] replacing the Latin American Free Trade Association (LAFTA/ALALC). Currently, it has 13 member countries, and any of the Latin American States may apply for accession.

## Objectives

[edit]

The development of the integration process developed within the framework of the ALADI aims at promoting the harmonious and balanced socio-economic development of the region, and its long-term objective is the gradual and progressive establishment of a Latin-American single market.

## Basic functions

[edit]

* Promotion and regulation of reciprocal trade
* Economic complementation
* Development of economic cooperation actions contributing to the markets extension.

## General principles

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* Pluralism in political and economic matters;
* Progressive convergence of partial actions for the establishment of a Latin-American Common Market;
* Flexibility;
* Differential treatments based on the development level of the member countries; and
* Multiple forms of trade agreements.

## Integration mechanisms

[edit]

The ALADI promotes the establishment of an area of economic preferences within the region, in order to create a Latin-American common market, through three mechanisms:

* A Regional Tariff Preference applied to goods from the member countries compared to tariffs in-force for third countries.
* Regional Scope Agreements, those in which all member countries participate.
* Partial Scope Agreements, those wherein two or more countries of the area participate.

The Relatively Less Economically Developed Countries of the region (Bolivia, Ecuador and Paraguay) benefit from a preferential system, through the lists of markets opening offered by the countries in favor of the Relatively Less Economically Developed Countries; special programs of cooperation (business rounds, pre-investment, financing, technological support); and countervailing measures in favor of the land-locked countries, the full participation of such countries in the integration process is sought. The ALADI includes in its legal structure the strongest sub-regional, plurilateral and bilateral integration agreements arising in growing numbers in the continent. As a result, the ALADI – as an institutional and legal framework or “umbrella” of the regional integration- develops actions in order to support and foster these efforts for the progressive establishment of a common economic space.

## Member states

[edit]

State Members  | Join Date  | Population  | Land Surface  | Exclusive Economic Zone  | Platform  | Capital City

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Argentina | Founder  | 40,117,096 | 2,780,400 km2 | 1,084,386 km2 | 856,346 km2 | Buenos Aires
Bolivia | Founder  | 10,426,160 | 1,098,581 km2 | Landlocked  |  | Sucre & La Paz
Brazil | Founder  | 190,732,694 | 8,514,877 km2 | 3,660,955 km2 | 774,563 km2 | Brasília
Chile | Founder  | 17,094,275 | 756,096.3 km2 | 3,681,989 km2 | 252,947 km2 | Santiago de Chile
Colombia | Founder  | 45,656,937 | 1,141,748 km2 | 817,816 km2 | 53,691 km2 | Bogotá
Cuba | 1999  | 11,242,621 | 110,860 km2 | 350,751 km2 | 61,525 km2 | Havana
Ecuador | Founder  | 14,306,876 | 283,561 km2 | 1,072,533 km2 | 41,034 km2 | Quito
Mexico | Founder  | 112,322,757 | 1,972,550 km2 | 3,177,593 km2 | 419,102 km2 | Mexico City
Paraguay | Founder  | 7,030,917 | 406,752 km2 | Landlocked  |  | Asunción
Panama | 2011  | 3,405,813 | 78,200 km2 | 335,646 km2 | 53,404 km2 | Panama City
Peru | Founder  | 29,885,340 | 1,285,215.6 km2 | 906,454 km2 | 82,000 km2 | Lima
Uruguay | Founder  | 3,424,595 | 176,215 km2 | 142,166 km2 | 75,327 km2 | Montevideo
Venezuela | Founder  | 30,102,382 | 916,445 km2 | 860,000 km2 | 98,500 km2 | Caracas
Total:  |  | 521,213,563 | 19,651,873 km2 | 16,214,170 km2 | 2,839,313 km2 |

## Accession of other Latin American countries

[edit]

A clickable Euler diagram showing the relationships between various multinational organizations in the Americas

* v
* t
* e

The 1980 Montevideo Treaty is open to the accession of any Latin-American country. On 26 August 1999, the first accession to the 1980 Montevideo Treaty was executed, with the incorporation of the Republic of Cuba as a member country of the ALADI. On 10 May 2012, the Republic of Panama became the thirteenth member country of the ALADI. Likewise, the accession of the Republic of Nicaragua was accepted in the Sixteenth Meeting of the Council of Ministers (Resolution 75 (XVI)), held on 11 August 2011.

Currently, Nicaragua moves towards the fulfillment of conditions for becoming a member country of the ALADI.

The ALADI opens its field of actions for the rest of Latin America through multilateral links or partial agreements with other countries and integration areas of the continent (Article 25). The Latin-American Integration Association also contemplates the horizontal cooperation with other integration movements in the world and partial actions with third developing countries or their respective integration areas (Article 27).

## Institutional structure

[edit]

ALADI - Institutional Structure

Council of Ministers of Foreign Affairs

The Council of Ministers is the supreme body of the ALADI, and adopts the decisions for the superior political management of the integration process. It is constituted by the Ministers of Foreign Affairs of the member countries. Notwithstanding, when one of such member countries assigns the competence of the integration affairs to a different Minister or Secretary of State, the member countries may be represented, with full powers, by the respective Minister or Secretary. It is convened by the Committee of Representatives, meets and makes decisions with the presence of all the member countries.

Evaluation and Convergence Conference

It is in charge, among others, of analyzing the functioning of the integration process in all its aspects, promoting the convergence of the partial scope agreements seeking their progressive multilateralization, and promoting greater scope actions as regards economic integration. It is made up of Plenipotentiaries of the member countries.

Committee of Representatives

It is the permanent political body and negotiating forum of the ALADI, where all the initiatives for the fulfillment of the objectives established by the 1980 Montevideo Treaty are analyzed and agreed on. It is composed of a Permanent Representative of each member country with right to one vote and an Alternate Representative. It meets regularly every 15 days and its Resolutions are adopted by the affirmative vote of two thirds of the member countries.

General Secretariat

It is the technical body of the ALADI, and it may propose, evaluate, study and manage for the fulfillment of the objectives of the ALADI. It is composed of technical and administrative personnel, and directed by a Secretary-General, who has the support of two Undersecretaries, elected for a three-year period, renewable for the same term.

Montevideo, ALADI's site.

## Secretaries general

[edit]

* 1980-1984  Julio César Schupp (Paraguay)
* 1984-1987  Juan José Real (Uruguay)
* 1987-1990  Norberto Bertaina (Argentina)
* 1990-1993  Jorge Luis Ordóñez (Colombia)
* 1993-1999  Antônio José de Cerqueira Antunes (Brasil)
* 2000-2005  Juan Francisco Rojas Penso (Venezuela) [3]
* 2005-2008  Didier Opertti (Uruguay) [4]
* 2008-2009  Bernardino Hugo Saguier-Caballero (Paraguay)
* 2009-2011  José Félix Fernández Estigarribia (Paraguay) [5]
* 2011-2017  Carlos Álvarez (Argentina)
* 2017- Alejandro de la Peña Navarrete (Mexico)

## See also

[edit]

* Andean Community
* Association of Caribbean States
* Caribbean Community
* Central American Integration System
* Community of Latin American and Caribbean States
* Latin American economy
* Latin American Economic System
* Latin American Parliament
* Mercosur
* Pacific Alliance
* Union of South American Nations

## External links

[edit]

* Latin American Integration Association – Official Website

## References

[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Latin American Integration Association.

1. ^ 1980 Montevideo Treaty (in English)
2. ^ 1980 Montevideo Treaty Archived 2019-01-09 at the Wayback Machine (in Spanish)
3. ^ "20th Anniversary of the Treaty of Montevideo" (in Spanish). ALADI. 2000-08-07.
4. ^ "25th Anniversary of the Treaty of Montevideo" (in Spanish). ALADI. 2005-08-11.
5. ^ "30th Anniversary of the Treaty of Montevideo" (in Spanish). ALADI. 2010-08-19.

* v
* t
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Pan-Americanism

History|

* Spanish American wars of independence
* Decolonization of the Americas
* Latin American integration
* North American integration
* Patria Grande
* Simón Bolívar
* José de San Martín
* Lucas Alamán
* Inter-American Commission of Women
* United States involvement in regime change in Latin America

Organizations|

* Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization (ACTO)
* Andean Community (CAN)
* Association of Caribbean States (ACS)
* Bolivarian Alliance for the Americas (ALBA)
* Caribbean Community (CARICOM)
* Central American Integration System (SICA)
* Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC)
* Contadora group
* Contadora support group
* Forum for the Progress and Integration of South America (PROSUR)
* Latin American Economic System (SELA)
* Latin American Integration Association (ALADI)
* Lima Group (LG)
* Mercosur
* Organization of American States (OAS)
* Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS)
* Organization of Ibero-American States (OEI)
* Pacific Alliance
* Petrocaribe
* Rio Group
* Union of South American Nations (UNASUR)
* United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC, CEPAL)
* United States Pirate Party (USPP)

Projects|

* Andean passport
* CARICOM passport
* CARICOM Single Market and Economy
* CARIPASS
* Central America-4 Border Control Agreement
* Central America-4 passport
* Eastern Caribbean Currency Union
* Initiative for the Integration of the Regional Infrastructure of South America (IIRSA)
* Interoceanic Highway
* SUCRE

Institutions|

* Andean Parliament
* Bank of the South
* Caribbean Court of Justice
* Caribbean Development Bank
* Central American Parliament
* Development Bank of Latin America and the Caribbean (CAF)
* Inter-American Development Bank
* Latin American Parliament
* Mercosur Parliament
* South American Parliament

Free trade areas|

* Caribbean Free Trade Association (CARIFTA)
* CARIFORUM
* Dominican Republic–Central America Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA-DR)
* Economic Partnership Agreements
* Free Trade Area of the Americas
* G3 Free Trade Agreement
* United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement (USMCA)

Events|

* Pan American Games
* Pan-American Congress

Authority control databases

International|

* ISNI
* VIAF

National|

* Germany
* United States
* France
* BnF data
* Japan
* Argentina
* Sweden
* Israel

Academics|

* CiNii

Other|

* IdRef

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