Legality of cannabis

Legal status of cannabis worldwide

This article is about cannabis as a psychoactive. For information about hemp, see Hemp.

Legal status of cannabis possession for recreational use

* * *

Legal

Illegal but decriminalized

Illegal but often unenforced

Illegal

Legality unknown

Legal status of cannabis for medical use

* * *

Legal for any adult use

Legal for medical use

Illegal or unknown

The legality of cannabis for medical and recreational use varies by country, in terms of its possession, distribution, and cultivation, and (in regards to medical) how it can be consumed and what medical conditions it can be used for. These policies in most countries are regulated by three United Nations treaties: the 1961 Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, the 1971 Convention on Psychotropic Substances, and the 1988 Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances.[1][2] Cannabis was reclassified in 2020 to a Schedule I-only drug under the Single Convention treaty (from being a Schedule I and IV drug previously), with the schedules from strictest to least being IV, I, II, and III.[3][4] As a Schedule I drug under the treaty, countries can allow the medical use of cannabis but it is considered to be an addictive drug with a serious risk of abuse.[4][5]

The use of cannabis for recreational purposes is prohibited in most countries; however, many have adopted a policy of decriminalization to make simple possession a non-criminal offense (often similar to a minor traffic violation). Others have much more severe penalties such as some Middle Eastern and Far Eastern countries where possession of even small amounts is punished by imprisonment for several years.[6] Countries that have legalized recreational use of cannabis are Canada, Georgia, Germany, Luxembourg, Malta, Mexico, South Africa, Thailand, and Uruguay, plus 24 states, 3 territories, and the District of Columbia in the United States and the Australian Capital Territory in Australia. Commercial sale of recreational cannabis is legalized nationwide in three countries (Canada, Thailand, and Uruguay) and in all subnational U.S. jurisdictions that have legalized possession except Virginia and Washington, D.C. A policy of limited enforcement has also been adopted in many countries, in particular the Netherlands where the sale of cannabis is tolerated at licensed coffeeshops.[7]

Countries that have legalized medical use of cannabis include Albania, Argentina, Australia, Barbados, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Ecuador, Finland, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Lebanon, Luxembourg, Malawi, Malta, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, North Macedonia, Norway, Panama, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Rwanda, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, San Marino, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Switzerland, Thailand, Ukraine, the United Kingdom, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. Others have more restrictive laws that allow only the use of certain cannabis-derived pharmaceuticals, such as Sativex, Marinol, or Epidiolex.[8] In the United States, 38 states, 4 territories, and the District of Columbia have legalized the medical use of cannabis, but at the federal level its use remains prohibited.[9]

## Legalization timeline

[edit]

Countries with legalized recreational cannabis

* v
* t
* e

Country | Effective date | Licensed sales since
Uruguay | December 2013 | July 2017
Georgia | 30 July 2018 | Never authorized
South Africa | 18 September 2018 | Never authorized
Canada | 17 October 2018 | 17 October 2018
Mexico | 28 June 2021 | Never authorized
Malta | 14 December 2021 | Never authorized
Thailand | 9 June 2022 | 9 June 2022
Luxembourg | 21 July 2023 | Never authorized
Germany | 1 April 2024 | Never authorized

## By country

[edit]

* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
* Q
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* W
* X
* Y
* Z

Country/Territory | Recreational | Medical | Notes

|
|
|

Afghanistan | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Afghanistan

Production banned by King Zahir Shah in 1973.[10]
Albania | Illegal | Legal |

Main article: Cannabis in Albania

Prohibited but plants highly available throughout the country and law often unenforced.[11][12][13]

On 21 July 2023 the Albanian Parliament voted 69–23 to legalize medical cannabis.[14]

Algeria | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Algeria

Andorra | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Andorra

Angola | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Angola

Antigua and Barbuda | Decriminalized. Legal to grow and use by Rastafari.[15] | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Antigua and Barbuda

Argentina | Illegal[16][17] | Legal |

Main article: Cannabis in Argentina

Medicinal cannabis was legalized on 22 September 2017.[18][19]
Armenia | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Armenia

Australia | Decriminalized in Northern Territory and South Australia.[20][21] Legal in Australian Capital Territory for personal use but not for sale. | Legal at federal level and in all states.[22] Qualifying conditions and other details vary by state.[23] |

Main article: Cannabis in Australia

In September 2019, the Australian Capital Territory became the first state or territory of Australia to legalize recreational use of cannabis. Since 31 January 2020 residents have been allowed to grow two plants and possess 50 g (1+3⁄4 oz), though sales or other transfer is prohibited, including cannabis seeds. Federal law also remains enforceable.[24]
Austria | Possession for personal use decriminalized as of January 2016. | Dronabinol, Sativex, Nabilone[25] |

Main article: Cannabis in Austria

Azerbaijan | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Azerbaijan

Bahamas | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in the Bahamas

Bahrain | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Bahrain

Bangladesh | Illegal but often unenforced | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Bangladesh

Sale banned in 1989,[26] but laws are rarely enforced and cannabis is openly sold in many parts of the country.[27][28]
Barbados | Legal for spiritual use by registered Rastafarians[29] | Legal[30] |

Main article: Cannabis in Barbados

Belarus | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Belarus

Belgium | Decriminalized up to 3 g (1⁄10 oz) or cultivation of one plant | Sativex[31] |

Main article: Cannabis in Belgium

Up to 3 g (1⁄10 oz) decriminalized for adults since 2003.[32][33]
Belize | Decriminalized up to 10 g (3⁄8 oz) | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Belize

Possession prohibited, but use is common and largely tolerated.[34] Possession of up to 10 g (3⁄8 oz) decriminalized.[35]
Benin | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Benin

Bermuda | Decriminalized up to 7 g (1⁄4 oz) | Legal |

Main article: Cannabis in Bermuda

In November 2016, the Supreme Court of Bermuda ruled in favor of allowing the medical use of cannabis.[36] As of July 2018, two doctors have been licensed to prescribe the drug.[37]
Bhutan | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Bhutan

Illegal, but plants grow prolifically and have multiple traditional uses, such as feeding pigs and producing textiles.[38]
Bolivia | Illegal[39] | Illegal[39] |

Main article: Cannabis in Bolivia

Bosnia and Herzegovina | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Bosnia and Herzegovina

In 2016, the Ministry of Civil Affairs formed a task force to explore the legalization of cannabis and cannabinoids for medicinal purposes.[40]
Botswana | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Botswana

Cannabis (or dagga) is illegal.[41]
Brazil | Decriminalized up to 40 g (1+3⁄8 oz) or cultivation of 6 plants for personal use[42] | Legal for terminally ill patients or those who have exhausted other treatment options.[43][44] |

Main article: Cannabis in Brazil

Legislation passed in 2006 to require treatment and community service for possessing small amounts of drugs instead of jail time.[45] Possession of large amounts, as well as sale, transportation, and cultivation, are considered drug trafficking.[46]
Brunei | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Brunei

Bulgaria | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Bulgaria

Cannabis is classified as a class A (High-risk) drug, together with heroin, cocaine, amphetamines, and MDMA (ecstasy). Until 2004, a loosely defined "personal dose" existed.[47]
Burkina Faso | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Burkina Faso

Burundi | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Burundi

Cambodia | Illegal but often unenforced | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Cambodia

Illegal,[48] but this prohibition is lax and enforced opportunistically.[49][50][51] "Happy" restaurants in cities publicly offer food cooked with marijuana, or as a side garnish.[52]
Cameroon | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Cameroon

Canada | Legal | Legal |

Main articles: Cannabis in Canada and Cannabis laws of Canada by province or territory

Legal for medicinal purposes since 2001 and for recreational purposes since 17 October 2018. The age to buy or consume cannabis varies by province: 19 in most provinces, 18 in Alberta, and 21 in Quebec.[53]
Cape Verde | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Cape Verde

Central African Republic | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in the Central African Republic

Chad | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Chad

Chile | Decriminalized for possession and cultivation | Legal |

Main article: Cannabis in Chile

Private personal use[54] and recreational cultivation[55][56][57] decriminalized. Medicinal cultivation legal with the authorization of The Chilean Agriculture Service (SAG)[58] and sale of medication allowed on prescription in pharmacies.[59]
People's Republic of China (PRC)  | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in China

Penalty for possession or consumption: 10–15 days' detention without prosecution and a fine.[60]
Colombia | Decriminalized up to 22 g (3⁄4 oz) or cultivation of 20 plants for personal use | Legal |

Main article: Cannabis in Colombia

Decriminalized up to 22 g (3⁄4 oz) for personal consumption. Individuals carrying greater amounts, or cultivating up to 20 plants, cannot be prosecuted if the drug is for personal use.[61][62][63][64]
Comoros | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Comoros

Cannabis was legal in Comoros between January 1975 and May 1978, when president Ali Soilih legalized cannabis consumption among other measures.[65][66]
Cook Islands | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in the Cook Islands

A non-binding referendum in August 2022 asked "Should we review our cannabis laws to allow for research and medicinal use?" 62% voted yes.[67]
Democratic Republic of the Congo | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

Republic of the Congo | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in the Republic of the Congo

Costa Rica | Decriminalized[68][69] | Legal[70] |

Main article: Cannabis in Costa Rica

Decriminalized since police officers do not detain people for personal use, yet no amount has been defined as a minimum for possession. Use of cannabis is widespread throughout the country.[68][69]
Croatia | Decriminalized[71] | Legal[72] |

Main article: Cannabis in Croatia

Possession of small amounts is considered a misdemeanor subject to fixed fines. Medicinal cannabis legal for patients with illnesses such as cancer, multiple sclerosis, or HIV/AIDS.[72]
Cuba | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Cuba

Cyprus | Illegal | Legal[73] |

Main article: Cannabis in Cyprus

Class B substance – life imprisonment is possible for use and maximum 8 years for possession (at the maximum 2 years for the first offense for people under 25).[74]
Czech Republic | Decriminalized up to 10 g (3⁄8 oz) or cultivation of 5 plants[75][76] | Legal with prescription. Without prescription, sale of products up to 1% THC allowed.[76] |

Main article: Cannabis in the Czech Republic

Possession of up to 10 g (3⁄8 oz) or cultivation of up to 5 plants is an infraction subject to a minor fine – mostly not enforced. Medicinal use legal and regulated since 2013.[77][78]
Denmark | Illegal | Legal (4-year pilot program launched in January 2018 and was extended an additional 4 years)[79][80] |

Main article: Cannabis in Denmark

As with all drugs, cannabis-related offenses are punishable by a fine or imprisonment for up to 2 years.[81] Freetown Christiania, a self-declared autonomous community in Copenhagen, is known for its cannabis trade.[82]
Djibouti | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Djibouti

Dominica | Decriminalized up to 28 g (1 oz)[83] | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Dominica

Dominican Republic | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in the Dominican Republic

East Timor | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in East Timor

Ecuador | Illegal | Legal[84] |

Main article: Cannabis in Ecuador

Possession of up to 10 g (3⁄8 oz) decriminalized in 2013, but policy was repealed by President Daniel Noboa in 2023.[85]
Egypt | Illegal but often unenforced | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Egypt

Illegal since 1925[86] but use is widespread. Convictions for personal use are rare.[87] Formerly a plant of high status with several documented medicinal uses in ancient times.
El Salvador | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in El Salvador

Equatorial Guinea | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Equatorial Guinea

Eritrea | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Eritrea

Estonia | Decriminalized | With a special permit[88] |

Main article: Cannabis in Estonia

Up to 7.5 g (1⁄4 oz) is considered an amount for personal use, and is punished with a fine. Large amounts and distribution are criminal offenses punishable with a custodial sentence of up to 5 years.[89] Medical cannabis is technically legal, but to get a prescription is an arduous process and is practically never given, with a single patient having received Sativex preparation. [90]
Eswatini (Swaziland) | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Eswatini

Ethiopia | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Ethiopia

Despite being the spiritual homeland of the Rastafari movement, possession of cannabis can result in up to six months imprisonment.[91]
Fiji | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Fiji

Finland | Illegal but sometimes not enforced | Legal under license. |

Main article: Cannabis in Finland

Personal use is generally not prosecuted in court but subject to summary fine. Medicinal cannabis possible under a special license since 2006; in 2014, 223 licenses were issued.[92]
France | Illegal, but on-the-spot fines are usually issued in place of prosecution | A two-year trial program involving 3,000 patients underway[93] |

Main article: Cannabis in France

Possession up to 100 g (3+1⁄2 oz) entails a €200 fine since November 2018,[94] although a judge is still legally able to pronounce a stricter sentence.[95] Medical use of some cannabinoid drugs legalized in 2013.[96][97]
Gabon | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Gabon

Gambia | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in the Gambia

Georgia | Legal for possession and consumption but not for sale, per a July 2018 ruling by the Constitutional Court of Georgia.[98][99] | Use is legal, but no system for the dispensing of cannabis exists. |

Main article: Cannabis in Georgia (country)

Germany | Legal for possession, consumption, and cultivation since 1 April 2024. Distribution allowed through non-profit cannabis clubs beginning 1 July 2024. | Legal |

Main article: Cannabis in Germany

On 23 February 2024, the German Bundestag passed the Act on the Controlled Use of Cannabis, legalizing possession of 25 g (7⁄8 oz) outside the home, 50 g (1+3⁄4 oz) at home, and private cultivation of three plants, for adults 18 and over, beginning on 1 April 2024. Collective, noncommercial cultivation will be allowed in cultivation associations (i.e. cannabis social clubs) from 1 July 2024.[100][101][102]
Ghana | Illegal | Legal only for THC less than 0.3%[103][104] |

Main article: Cannabis in Ghana

Greece | Illegal | Legal |

Main article: Cannabis in Greece

Greenland (Kalaallit Nunaat)  | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Greenland

Grenada | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Grenada

Guatemala | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Guatemala

In 2016 a constitutional commission rejected proposals to legalize medicinal or recreational use of cannabis.[105][106]
Guinea | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Guinea

Guinea-Bissau | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Guinea-Bissau

Guyana | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Guyana

Possession of 15 g (1⁄2 oz) or over can result in charges of drug trafficking.[107]
Haiti | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Haiti

Honduras | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Honduras

The possession, sale, transportation, and cultivation of cannabis is illegal.[108]
Hong Kong | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Hong Kong

Possession, sale, transportation, and cultivation illegal under the Dangerous Drug Ordinance.[109] (Chapter 134 of the Law of Hong Kong)
Hungary | Illegal | CBD only[110] |

Main article: Cannabis in Hungary

There is no distinction in Hungarian law between illicit drugs according to dangers. Heroin use has the same legal consequences as cannabis use.[111]
Iceland | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Iceland

Banned in 1969.[112] Possession of small amounts is subject to arrest and fine but no threat of jail time.[113]
India | Illegal, but exception is made for the use of bhang.[114] | CBD oil legal, less than 0.3% THC[115] |

Main article: Cannabis in India

Albeit illegal, usage is prevalent and some government-owned shops sell cannabis in the form of bhang. States have their own laws regarding cannabis, locally known as ganja.
Indonesia | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Indonesia

Banned in 1927.[116] Minimum sentence of 4 years in prison (additional fines may apply) if caught dealing / distributing. Rehabilitation or maximum sentence of 4 years if caught in possession alone.[117][118]
Iran | Illegal, but not strictly enforced | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Iran

Maximum of capital punishment to possess hashish over 5 kg (11 lb)[119] but unenforced.[120]
Iraq | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Iraq

Ireland | Illegal[121] | Legal as part of 5-year pilot program enacted in June 2019[122][123] |

Main article: Cannabis in Ireland

The National Drugs Strategy of 2009–2016 did not favor decriminalizing cannabis.[124] A new strategy was planned for 2017.[125] Cannabis-derived medicines may be licensed since 2014.[126][127] A review of policy on medicinal cannabis was announced in November 2016,[128] and a private member's bill to legalize it passed second stage in the Dáil in December 2016.[129][130][131]
Israel | Decriminalized | Legal |

Main article: Cannabis in Israel

As of April 2019, public possession of small amounts is a non-criminal offense punished by escalating fines. A third offense can result in criminal charges, however. Possession in the privacy of one's home is not punished.[132]
Italy | Possession decriminalized; home cultivation legal in small amounts for personal use.[133] | Legal |

Main article: Cannabis in Italy

Possession of small amounts for personal use is a misdemeanor subject to fines and the suspension of documents (passports or driver's licenses). Sale is punishable by imprisonment, even if in small amounts. Licensed cultivation for medicinal and industrial use strictly regulated.[134]
Ivory Coast | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Ivory Coast

Jamaica | Decriminalized up to 56.5 g (2 oz) or cultivation of 5 plants. Legal for Rastafari. | Legal |

Main article: Cannabis in Jamaica

Decriminalized since 2015, and in 2018 the first medical cannabis dispensary opened.[135]
Japan | Illegal | CBD only[136][137] |

Main article: Cannabis in Japan

Restricted in 1948.[138] Use and possession are punishable by up to 5 years imprisonment and a fine. Cultivation, sale, and transport are punishable by 7–10 years imprisonment and a fine.[139]
Jordan | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Jordan

Kazakhstan | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Kazakhstan

Kenya | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Kenya

Kiribati | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Kiribati

Korea, North (DPRK)  | Illegal, but widely unenforced according to defectors. | Use is legal when prescribed, but no system for the dispensing of cannabis confirmed. |

Main article: Cannabis in North Korea

Cannabis is listed in Appendix 1 Narcotics in the DPRK. Narcotics Control Law (2005) states that narcotics may be used when prescribed.[140] There are conflicting reports on the legal status of cannabis in North Korea. Multiple reports from defectors and tourists claim there is no law regarding the possession of cannabis in North Korea or if there is, it is mostly unenforced. However, other reports claim that cannabis is illegal.[141]
Korea, South | Illegal | Access limited to Epidiolex, Marinol and Sativex as of now due to a policy implemented by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety[142] |

Main article: Cannabis in South Korea

Medical use of cannabis was legalized in November 2018. The plant itself, however, remains unavailable due to a policy implemented by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety.[143]
Kosovo | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Kosovo

Kuwait | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Kuwait

Kyrgyzstan | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Kyrgyzstan

Laos | Illegal but often unenforced | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Laos

Latvia | Illegal[144] | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Latvia

Possession of up to 1 g (1⁄28 oz) can result in a €280 fine; for second offenses within a year period, criminal charges are applied. Larger quantities can be punished with up to 15 years in prison.
Lebanon | Illegal | Legal |

Main article: Cannabis in Lebanon

Hashish banned in 1926;[145] cultivation banned in 1992.[146] Large amounts of cannabis are still grown within the country illicitly, however.[147] Cultivation of cannabis for medical use was legalized in April 2020.[148]
Lesotho | Illegal but tolerated | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Lesotho

Licensed cultivation allowed for export to other countries. Also widely grown for illicit purposes.[149][150]
Liberia | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Liberia

Libya | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Libya

Liechtenstein | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Liechtenstein

Lithuania | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Lithuania

Medical cannabis is illegal in Lithuania, but a law allowing seriously ill patients to use drugs made from synthetic cannabinoids was passed by the Seimas on 11 October 2018.
Luxembourg | Legal to grow up to 4 plants at home for personal consumption. Possession of up to 3 g (1⁄10 oz) outside the home is decriminalized, subject to a fine. Sale remains prohibited.[151][152] | Legal |

Main article: Cannabis in Luxembourg

Decriminalized in 2001.[153] Home use and cultivation legal since 21 July 2023.[151][152]
Macau, SAR of China  | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Macau

Madagascar | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Madagascar

Malawi | Illegal | Legal[154] |

Main article: Cannabis in Malawi

Illegal but widely used and cultivated; Malawian cannabis is famed internationally for its quality.[155] Chamba is grown mainly in central and northern regions like Mzuzu.[156]
Malaysia | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Malaysia

Mandatory death penalty for convicted drug traffickers, legally defined as individuals possessing more than 200 g (7 oz) of cannabis.[157]
Maldives | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in the Maldives

Mali | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Mali

Malta | Legal for possession, consumption, and cultivation. Distribution is allowed through non-profit cannabis clubs. | Legal |

Main article: Cannabis in Malta

On 30 March 2021, Prime Minister Robert Abela announced a proposal to legalize possession of up to 7 g (1⁄4 oz) and the cultivation of up to 4 plants, and for people charged with possession in the past to have it expunged from their criminal records.[158] In December 2021, legislation was passed by the Maltese Parliament and signed into law by President George Vella.[159][160]
Marshall Islands | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in the Marshall Islands

Mauritania | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Mauritania

Mauritius | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Mauritius

Mexico | Legal for possession, consumption, and cultivation with a permit, but not for sale.[161] | Use is legal, but no system for the dispensing of cannabis exists. |

Main article: Cannabis in Mexico

Possession of 5 g (3⁄16 oz) was decriminalized in 2009.[162] In 2015 the Supreme Court voted 4–1 that prohibiting people from growing the drug for personal use was unconstitutional.[163] In 2018 the Supreme Court reaffirmed the ruling and requested that the legislature update the country's laws regarding cannabis.[164][165] After the legislature failed to act, the Supreme Court in 2021 invalidated laws regarding the personal possession and cultivation of cannabis.[161]
Micronesia | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Micronesia

Moldova | Decriminalized | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Moldova

Monaco | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Monaco

Mongolia | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Mongolia

Montenegro | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Montenegro

Morocco | Illegal but often unenforced | Legal[166][167] |

Main article: Cannabis in Morocco

Morocco is among the world's top producers of hashish.
Mozambique | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Mozambique

Myanmar | Illegal but often unenforced | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Myanmar

Namibia | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Namibia

Cannabis is illegal; in 2007 the government proposed but declined a 20-year jail sentence for any drug possession.
Nauru | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Nauru

Nepal | Illegal,[168] but allowed during Maha Shivaratri[169] | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Nepal

All cannabis licenses canceled in 1973.[10]
Netherlands | Consumption and sale are tolerated in licensed coffeeshops.[7] Possession of up to 5 g (3⁄16 oz) is decriminalized. Cultivation of up to 5 plants is unenforced for non-commercial use (unless grown in a professional setup). | Legal |

Main article: Cannabis in the Netherlands

Personal possession decriminalized and sale allowed only in certain licensed coffeeshops in the continental Netherlands.[170][171][172] Cultivation often tolerated but growers can still have their plants and equipment confiscated[173] and face eviction[174] or cancellation of their mortgage[175] for one single plant.[176] Zero tolerance policy in the Caribbean Netherlands.[177]
New Zealand | Illegal | Legal |

See also: Cannabis in New Zealand

Banned in 1927.[178] Possession over 28 g (1 oz) is presumed for supply. Medical use was legalized in 2018.[179] In 2020, a referendum to legalize recreational use failed by a 50.7% to 48.4% margin.[180]
Nicaragua | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Nicaragua

Niger | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Niger

Nigeria | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Nigeria

North Macedonia | Illegal | Legal |

Main article: Cannabis in North Macedonia

If one possesses large amounts, a jail sentence of anywhere from 3 months to 5 years may be given.[181] Medicinal cannabis legalized since 2016.[182]
Norway | Illegal | Legal[183][184] |

Main article: Cannabis in Norway

Illegal since 1965. As of 2022, use and possession of up to 15 g (1⁄2 oz) are punished with heavy fines and possible loss of driver's license.[185][186][187] Solberg's Cabinet proposed a decriminalization bill in 2021 that would remove all sanctions for illegal drug use, including possession of up to 10 g (3⁄8 oz) of cannabis. Six parties (43,8%) voted for, while three parties (56,2%) voted against. As a result, the bill did not pass the parliament.[188][189]
Oman | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Oman

Pakistan | Illegal, but often unenforced (particularly in some tribal regions) | CBD only[190] |

Main article: Cannabis in Pakistan

Prohibited, but the smoking of hashish in Peshawar and the northern parts of Pakistan tends to be tolerated. One may be sent to jail for up to six months if found with charas in other parts of the country.[191] CBD legalized by cabinet announcement in September 2020.[190]
Palau | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Palau

Panama | Illegal | Legal[192][193] |

Main article: Cannabis in Panama

Papua New Guinea | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Papua New Guinea

Paraguay | Decriminalized up to 10 g (3⁄8 oz) | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Paraguay

The possession of up to 10 g (3⁄8 oz) of cannabis is not punishable.[194][195]
Peru | Decriminalized up to 8 g (1⁄4 oz) | Legal[196] |

Main article: Cannabis in Peru

Possession of up to 8 g (1⁄4 oz) is not punished.[197][198][199][200] Cultivation, production, and sale are punished with 8–15 years in prison.[201][202]
Philippines | Illegal | Illegal but may be allowed with special permit |

Main article: Cannabis in the Philippines

Medical use of cannabis is possible with a special permit from the Food and Drugs Authority for use by individuals with serious or terminal illness.[203]
Poland | Illegal, but may not be enforced for small amounts, legal below 0.3% THC | Legal |

Main article: Cannabis in Poland

Since 2011, prosecutors can choose not to prosecute possession of small quantities of cannabis for personal use if it is a first offense or if the person is drug dependent.[204] Possession of large quantities of drugs can result in up to 10 years in prison.[205]
Portugal | Decriminalized up to 25 g (7⁄8 oz) of herb or 5 g (3⁄16 oz) of hashish | Legal |

Main article: Cannabis in Portugal

In 2001, Portugal became the first country in the world to decriminalize the use of all drugs.[206]
Qatar | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Qatar

Romania | Illegal | Cannabis-derived drugs less than 0.2% THC can be prescribed |

Main article: Cannabis in Romania

Small quantities punishable by a large fine for first offenders or 6 months to 2 years in prison if the person has been convicted before. Possession of large amounts or trafficking is punishable by 2–7 years of jail time.[207] Decriminalization proposed.[208] Limited medical use approved in 2013.[209][210]
Russia | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Russia

Possession of up to 6 g (1⁄5 oz) of cannabis (or 2 g, 1⁄20 oz of hashish) is an administrative offense, punishable by a fine of ₽5,000 or detention of up to 15 days. Possession of larger amounts is a criminal offense. Foreign nationals and stateless individuals who violate the law are subject to deportation regardless of the amount.[211]
Rwanda | Illegal | Legal[212] |

Main article: Cannabis in Rwanda

Saint Kitts and Nevis | Decriminalized up to 56 g (2 oz) | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Saint Kitts and Nevis

Saint Lucia | Decriminalized up to 30 g (1+1⁄16 oz)[213] | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Saint Lucia

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | Decriminalized up to 56 g (2 oz)[214] | Legal[215][216][217] |

Main article: Cannabis in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Samoa | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Samoa

San Marino | Illegal | Legal |

Main article: Cannabis in San Marino

São Tomé and Príncipe | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in São Tomé and Principe

Saudi Arabia | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Saudi Arabia

Use and possession for personal use of any kind of recreational drugs is punishable by imprisonment if caught. Imprisonment for personal use can entail jail time of six months or more. Dealing and smuggling high amounts of drugs usually result in harsher prison time or even execution, although recently executions have been rare. Foreigners who use drugs might be deported.[218]
Senegal | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Senegal

Serbia | Illegal[219] | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Serbia

Possession of small amounts is punishable by fine or imprisonment of up to 3 years. Sale and transportation punishable by imprisonment of 3–12 years. Cultivation punishable by imprisonment from 6 months to 5 years. Higher penalties for organized crime.[220]
Seychelles | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Seychelles

Sierra Leone | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Sierra Leone

Cannabis banned in 1920.[221]
Singapore | Illegal | CBD only |

Main article: Cannabis in Singapore

Banned in 1870.[222] Cannabis is a Class A drug under the Misuse of Drugs Act, making it illegal to cultivate, sell, or possess. Those who are caught with 500 g (1 lb 2 oz) of cannabis or more are considered drug traffickers and are punished with a possible death penalty.[223][224] In rare cases, permission has been granted to use cannabis-derived pharmaceuticals for treatment of epilepsy.[225]
Slovakia | Illegal | CBD only |

Main article: Cannabis in Slovakia

Possession of small amounts punishable by up to 8 years in prison.[226][227] In April 2012, The Wall Street Journal reported that Robert Fico, the incoming Slovak prime minister, might push for partial legalization of cannabis possession, and has argued for the legalization of possession of up to three doses of cannabis for personal use.[227]
Slovenia | Decriminalized | Sativex, Marinol, CBD[228] |

Main article: Cannabis in Slovenia

Cannabis-based drugs are legal for medicinal use, but not cannabis itself.[229][230] Possession of any drug for personal use is decriminalized.[231]
Solomon Islands | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in the Solomon Islands

Somalia | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Somalia

South Africa | Legal for possession, cultivation and use in private places but not for sale. | Use is legal, but no system for the dispensing of medicinal cannabis exists. |

Main article: Cannabis in South Africa

Private use and cultivation have been legal since September 2018.[232][233][234][235]
South Sudan | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in South Sudan

Spain | Decriminalized. Use and possession in private areas allowed for own consumption.[236] Public possession or consumption can result in a fine.[237] Cultivation for personal use allowed in private areas including Cannabis Social Clubs.[236] | Legal[238][239][240] |

Main article: Cannabis in Spain

All actions related to cannabis for own consumption aren't considered criminal offenses,[241] but misdemeanors punishable by a fine.[242] Cannabis trafficking, including sale, import, or cultivation for sale, is punishable by jail time. Legalized in Catalonia in 2017,[243] but that law was challenged by the state and declared unconstitutional.[244] Cultivation in private areas for own consumption is allowed if the plants cannot be seen from the street or other public spaces.[245]
Sri Lanka | Illegal | Legalized by amendment made in colonial law by 1980s and through the Ayurveda Act.[246] |

Main article: Cannabis in Sri Lanka

The sale of cannabis is decriminalized for traditional medicine vendors and it is commonly used in Ayurvedic traditional medicines.[247]
Sudan | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Sudan

Suriname | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Suriname

Cannabis was banned in Suriname in the early 20th century, having been popularized there by Asian immigrants.[248]
Sweden | Illegal | Legal under limited circumstances for patients who obtain a license.[249] |

Main article: Cannabis in Sweden

All cannabis-related activity illegal. The national police runs a "disturb and annoy" program aimed at users supported by the national "zero tolerance" policy.[250][251]
Switzerland | Decriminalized. Legal below 1.0% THC. | Legal |

Main article: Cannabis in Switzerland

Since 2017, consuming cannabis in Switzerland may result in a fine, but possession of up to 10 g (3⁄8 oz) without evidence of consumption is not penalized; and as of 2023, confiscated amounts under this limit must be returned to the individual.[252][253]
Syria | Illegal, widely unenforced since the start of the Syrian civil war | Illegal, widely unenforced since the start of the Syrian civil war |

Main article: Cannabis in Syria

If someone is considered an addict by the Syrian government then they face no criminal penalties for drug possession.[254]
Taiwan | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Taiwan

Cannabis is a schedule 2 narcotic in the ROC, and possession can result in up to 3 years imprisonment.[255]
Tajikistan | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Tajikistan

Tanzania | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Tanzania

Thailand | Legal for possession, sale, and home cultivation. 0.2% THC limit applies to processed products such as oils and edibles, but not the cannabis plant.[256][257][258] | Legal |

Main article: Cannabis in Thailand

Criminalized in 1935, medical use legalized in 2018, and recreational use legalized in 2022 for those aged 20 and over.[259] Import and export of cannabis are still highly regulated. Cannabis smoking in public areas is prohibited.[260][261]
Togo | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Togo

Tonga | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Tonga

Trinidad and Tobago | Decriminalized up to 30 g (1+1⁄16 oz), cultivation of 4 plants per adult | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Trinidad and Tobago

Banned in 1925.[262] Decriminalized in 2019.[263]
Tunisia | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Tunisia

Banned in 1953.[264] Using or possessing entails 1–5 years of imprisonment and 1000–3000 dinars (around $500–1500).[265][266][267]
Turkey | Illegal | Sativex |

Main article: Cannabis in Turkey

Medical cultivation legal in 19 provinces.[268] With permission, this can also be conducted in other provinces as well.[269] Consuming any drug is illegal and requires juridical process. Possessing, purchasing, or receiving any illegal drug is punishable by 1–2 years of prison, treatment, or probation.[270] Sale and supply is punishable by a prison term of 5–10 years, and production or trafficking by a minimum term of 10 years.[270]
Turkmenistan | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Turkmenistan

Tuvalu | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Tuvalu

Uganda | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Uganda

Ukraine | Illegal | Legal |

Main article: Cannabis in Ukraine

In December 2023, Parliament adopted a bill to legalize medical cannabis on second reading.[271] It was signed into law by President Zelensky on 15 February 2024.[272]
United Arab Emirates | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in the United Arab Emirates

In 2008, even the smallest amounts of the drug could lead to a mandatory 4-year prison sentence.[273][needs update]
United Kingdom | Illegal,[274] but a cannabis warning or an on-the-spot fine ("Penalty Notice for Disorder") may be issued instead of prosecution for simple possession.[275] | Cannabis-derived medicines may be prescribed only by a specialist consultant.[276] |

Main article: Cannabis in the United Kingdom

Banned in 1928.[277] A class B drug under the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971.[278] Limited medical use legal since 1 November 2018[279] when prescribed by a specialist consultant, not a GP. Guidance: only prescribe when clearly beneficial and no other option available.[276]
United States | Legalized in 24 states, 3 territories, and the District of Columbia – but illegal at federal level. Decriminalized in another 7 states.

See also: Legalization of non-medical cannabis in the United States

| Legalized in 38 states, 4 territories, and the District of Columbia – but illegal at federal level.[9]

See also: Medical cannabis in the United States

Main articles: Cannabis in the United States and Legality of cannabis by U.S. jurisdiction

See also: Cannabis on American Indian reservations

Cannabis remains a Schedule I drug at federal level, prohibiting even its medical use. The Rohrabacher–Farr amendment prevents federal enforcement in states that have legalized medical, however. No such protections exist regarding recreational, but the federal government has so far generally not intervened. Recognized Indian reservations are allowed to legalize for either use under a policy announced in 2014.[280] Every U.S. state that has legalized recreational use has set a mandatory legal minimum age of 21 for purchase, possession, and use.[281] In 2024, the Drug Enforcement Administration and the Department of Justice indicated they were planning to reschedule cannabis to Schedule III.[282]
Uruguay | Legal, but buying prohibited for non-residents. Cultivation allowed up to six plants. Cannabis Social Clubs authorized up to 45 members | Legal for all uses. |

Main article: Cannabis in Uruguay

Legal since late 2013.[283] Buyers must be eighteen or older, residents of Uruguay, and must register with the authorities. Authorities grow the cannabis that can be sold legally.[284][285][286] Non-profit Cannabis Clubs can also operate.[287] The minimum age to purchase or obtain cannabis in Uruguay is 18.[288]
Uzbekistan | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Uzbekistan

Opiates, cannabis and other plants containing psychotropic substances are illegal.[289]
Vanuatu | Illegal | Legal |

Main article: Cannabis in Vanuatu

Vatican City | Illegal | Illegal |
Venezuela | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Venezuela

Possession of up to 20 g (3⁄4 oz) of marijuana or 5 g (3⁄16 oz) of genetically modified marijuana for commercial purposes is punishable by 1–2 years in prison at judge's discretion. If deemed to be for personal consumption, the user is subject to security measures involving rehabilitation and detoxification procedures.[290]
Vietnam | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Vietnam

Yemen | Illegal | Illegal |

Main article: Cannabis in Yemen

Zambia | Illegal | Legal |

Main article: Cannabis in Zambia

Zimbabwe | Illegal | Legal |

Main article: Cannabis in Zimbabwe

Country/Territory | Recreational | Medical | Notes

* Top
* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
* Q
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* W
* X
* Y
* Z

## See also

[edit]

Wikiversity has learning resources about Should cannabis be legal?

* Cannabis portal

* Annual cannabis use by country
* Adult lifetime cannabis use by country
* Harm reduction
* Minors and the legality of cannabis
* Timeline of cannabis law
* War on drugs

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Habibi, Roojin; Hoffman, Steven J. (March 2018). "Legalizing Cannabis Violates the UN Drug Control Treaties, But Progressive Countries Like Canada Have Options". Ottawa Law Review. 49 (2). Archived from the original on 28 August 2021. Retrieved 22 July 2018.
2. ^ Bewley-Taylor, David; Jelsma, Martin; Rolles, Steve; Walsh, John (June 2016), Cannabis regulation and the UN drug treaties (PDF), archived (PDF) from the original on 11 November 2020, retrieved 22 July 2018
3. ^ Chappell, Bill (2 December 2020). "U.N. Commission Removes Cannabis From Its Most Strict Drug Control List". NPR. Retrieved 26 April 2024.
4. ^ a b "Classification of controlled drugs". European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. Archived from the original on 8 January 2021. Retrieved 5 December 2020.
5. ^ Kwai, Isabella (2 December 2020). "U.N. Reclassifies Cannabis as a Less Dangerous Drug". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 10 January 2021. Retrieved 5 December 2020.
6. ^ Powell, Burgess (24 February 2018). "The 7 Countries with the Strictest Weed Laws". High Times. Archived from the original on 26 November 2020. Retrieved 21 July 2018.
7. ^ a b Haines, Gavin (21 February 2017). "Everything you need to know about marijuana smoking in the Netherlands". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 11 January 2022. Retrieved 22 July 2018.
8. ^ Ruddick, Graham (11 April 2011). "GW signs Sativex cannabis-based drug deal with Novartis". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 11 January 2022. Retrieved 17 October 2018.
9. ^ a b "State Medical Marijuana Laws". National Conference of State Legislatures. 5 March 2019. Archived from the original on 11 December 2018. Retrieved 26 March 2019.
10. ^ a b Martin Booth (30 September 2011). Cannabis: A History. Transworld. pp. 325–. ISBN 978-1-4090-8489-1.
11. ^ Growing marijuana is an increasing regional problem, SETimes.com, 7 August 2012, archived from the original on 4 March 2016, retrieved 18 April 2013
12. ^ Report Says Albania Cannabis Growth Mounting, balkaninsight.com, 7 March 2013, archived from the original on 30 September 2018, retrieved 18 April 2013
13. ^ Albanian Police Seize Cannabis Shipment, balkaninsight.com, 28 December 2011, archived from the original on 5 September 2017, retrieved 5 June 2018
14. ^ "Albanian Parliament legalizes medical cannabis despite harsh opposition". Associated Press. 21 July 2023. Archived from the original on 13 August 2023. Retrieved 24 July 2023.
15. ^ Henao, Luis Andres (2 June 2023). "Rastafari gain sacramental rights to marijuana in Antigua and Barbuda, celebrate freedom of worship". Associated Press. Retrieved 10 July 2023.
16. ^ "Por qué se celebra hoy el Día Mundial de la Marihuana y qué significa el término 420 para la cultura cannábica" [Why Global Marijuana Day is celebrated today and what 420 means to cannabis culture]. Página 12 (in Spanish). 20 April 2023. Archived from the original on 20 April 2023. Retrieved 4 January 2024.
17. ^ Codigo Penal [Penal Code] (Ley 23.737) (in Spanish). National Congress of Argentina. 10 October 1989.
18. ^ "El Gobierno reglamentó la ley de cannabis medicinal" (in Spanish). Infobae. 22 September 2017. Archived from the original on 8 June 2021. Retrieved 4 January 2023.
19. ^ "Cannabis medicinal" [Medicinal cannabis]. Argentina.gob.ar (in Spanish). Government of Argentina. 12 July 2019. Archived from the original on 6 December 2023. Retrieved 4 January 2024.
20. ^ Ryan, Jackson (20 April 2018). "Everything You Need To Know About The Plan To Legalise Cannabis in Australia". Lifehacker. Archived from the original on 6 August 2018. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
21. ^ "Cannabis and the law". cannabissupport.com.au. Archived from the original on 6 August 2018. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
22. ^ "Medical Marijuana in Australia". marijuanadoctors.com. Archived from the original on 17 July 2018. Retrieved 16 July 2018.
23. ^ Jolly, William (28 February 2018). "Medicinal Marijuana Legal in Australia". Canstar. Archived from the original on 17 July 2018. Retrieved 16 July 2018.
24. ^ Lowrey, Tom (25 September 2019). "ACT legalises personal cannabis use but warns smokers they're not safe from federal laws". ABC News. Archived from the original on 5 October 2019. Retrieved 11 December 2019.
25. ^ "Cannabis in Austria – Laws, Use, and History". Sensi Seeds. Archived from the original on 30 March 2019. Retrieved 5 November 2021.
26. ^ "Drug Abuse: Where is The Way of Remedy? (Part II- Some Dangerous Silent Killers)". DhakaInsider. 20 June 2014. Archived from the original on 15 November 2016. Retrieved 15 November 2016.
27. ^ Government of Bangladesh. "Narcotics Substances Control Act, 2018". Archived from the original on 11 October 2019. Retrieved 11 November 2016.
28. ^ "Dhaka, Bangladesh – We Be High". webehigh.org. webehigh. Archived from the original on 30 June 2018. Retrieved 5 December 2015.
29. ^ McDonald, Clydeen (17 January 2020). "Barbados Tiptoes Ahead With Cannabis Plans—Carefully". Cannabis Wire. Archived from the original on 17 January 2020. Retrieved 19 January 2020.
30. ^ Lamers, Matt (3 December 2019). "Barbados medical cannabis law clears final hurdle in Parliament". Marijuana Business Daily. Archived from the original on 26 December 2019. Retrieved 19 January 2020.
31. ^ Furniere, Andy. "Medical cannabis plantation offers patients new perspectives". Flanders Today. Archived from the original on 25 March 2019.
32. ^ Police fédérale – CGPR Webteam. "Federale politie – Police fédérale". Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 14 January 2015.
33. ^ "Cannabis legal status vault – Belgium". www.erowid.org. Erowid.org. Archived from the original on 15 December 2019. Retrieved 17 February 2011.
34. ^ Hubbard, Kirsten. "Drug Laws and Penalties in Central America". About.com. Archived from the original on 14 May 2017. Retrieved 2 January 2014.
35. ^ "The Future of Marijuana under Debate". News 5. 5 December 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2024.
36. ^ Bell, Jonathan (25 November 2016). "People can apply for medical cannabis". The Royal Gazette. Archived from the original on 27 October 2018. Retrieved 27 October 2018.
37. ^ Bell, Jonathan (25 July 2018). "Weeks: we need to talk about cannabis". The Royal Gazette. Archived from the original on 1 November 2018. Retrieved 27 October 2018.
38. ^ "Bhutan" (PDF). UNODC: South Asia Regional Profile: 21–26. September 2005. Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 June 2018. Retrieved 30 November 2016.
39. ^ a b "Se abre el debate en Bolivia sobre el uso medicinal del cannabis" [Debate opens in Bolivia on the medicinal use of cannabis]. Associated Press (in Spanish). 28 June 2023. Archived from the original on 27 June 2023. Retrieved 4 January 2024. "La legislación boliviana tipifica a la marihuana como una droga prohibida al igual que la cocaína y castiga su posesión -así sea un de un gramo- con penas de cárcel de 10 a 25 años." [Bolivian law classifies marijuana as a prohibited drug equal to cocaine and punishes its possession – of even one gram – with prison sentences of 10 to 25 years.]
40. ^ "Bosnia to legalize medical marijuana this year". Bosnia Today. Archived from the original on 24 September 2016. Retrieved 30 November 2016.
41. ^ "Drugs and related substances act no. 18 of 1992" (PDF). Government of Botswana. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 October 2013. Retrieved 3 October 2013.
42. ^ Mendes, Lucas (26 June 2024). "STF define limite de 40 gramas de maconha para diferenciar usuário de traficante". CNN. Retrieved 26 June 2024.
43. ^ Ponieman, Natan (3 December 2019). "Brazil Regulates Sale of Medical Marijuana Products". Benzinga. Archived from the original on 14 March 2021. Retrieved 8 December 2019.
44. ^ "Brazil approves sale of medical cannabis in pharmacies". France 24. Agence France-Presse. 3 December 2019. Archived from the original on 5 December 2019. Retrieved 8 December 2019.
45. ^ Smith, Phillip (31 August 2006). "Brazilian President Signs New Drug Law – No Jail for Users". stopthedrugwar.org. Archived from the original on 3 August 2021. Retrieved 3 August 2021.
46. ^ Congresso Nacional (23 August 2006). "Lei nº 11.343". www.planalto.gov.br (in Brazilian Portuguese). Brasília: Presidência da República – Casa Civil. Archived from the original on 25 November 2018. Retrieved 13 October 2009.
47. ^ "Bulgaria: Country Drug Report 2017". European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. Archived from the original on 17 October 2018. Retrieved 17 October 2018.
48. ^ "Law on Drug Management (Drug Control)". Council for the Development of Cambodia. Archived from the original on 3 August 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2017. "Article 2 : Except for the cases of the article 14, the cultivation of opium poppy, cocoa plants, cannabis indica and cannabis saliva in the Kingdom of Cambodia, shall be prohibited."
49. ^ Soenthrith, Saing (15 March 2013). "Foreigners Arrested in Siem Reap Marijuana Bust". The Phnom Penh Post. Archived from the original on 8 September 2017. Retrieved 16 July 2017. "Police in Siem Reap City on Tuesday arrested 18 people, including 14 foreign nationals, during raids on two establishments, where they confiscated a stash of marijuana and an as-yet-unidentified powder, police said."
50. ^ Goldberg, Lina. "Recreational drugs in Cambodia". Move To Cambodia. Archived from the original on 21 July 2018. Retrieved 16 July 2017. "Foreigners are rarely prosecuted for small amounts of marijuana, but expect to pay a few bribes if you do get caught."
51. ^ Harfenist, Ethan (30 May 2015). "The high life". Phnom Penh Post. Archived from the original on 8 June 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2017.
52. ^ Happy Restaurants (sic) in Sihanoukville, GoSihanoukville.com, archived from the original on 20 April 2019, retrieved 17 February 2011
53. ^ "Cannabis Legalization and Regulation". Department of Justice, Government of Canada. 7 July 2021. Retrieved 29 June 2023.
54. ^ TNI. "Chile – Drug Law Reform in Latin America". Archived from the original on 6 October 2018. Retrieved 25 February 2016.
55. ^ "El cultivo colectivo de Cannabis, legal en Chile". 24 August 2015. Archived from the original on 21 July 2018. Retrieved 25 February 2016.
56. ^ "Autocultivo de marihuana es legal en Chile – Delaferia". Delaferia (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 25 February 2016. Retrieved 25 February 2016.
57. ^ "Ana María Gazmuri: "En Chile hoy en día el autocultivo es legal"" (in European Spanish). 24 August 2015. Archived from the original on 12 October 2018. Retrieved 11 July 2016.
58. ^ Long, Gideon (29 October 2014). "Chile plants cannabis for medicinal use". BBC News. Archived from the original on 14 August 2017. Retrieved 25 February 2016.
59. ^ Grupo Copesa (20 October 2015). "En diciembre estaría autorizada la venta de medicamentos con cannabis en farmacias". Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 25 February 2016.
60. ^ "Cannabis Use in China – Laws, History, Uses and More Info". Sensi Seeds. 21 September 2020. Archived from the original on 21 December 2020. Retrieved 23 December 2020.
61. ^ "Drogas: la dosis mínima ya no será tan mínima". Semana.com. 14 March 2016. Archived from the original on 1 August 2018. Retrieved 23 November 2016.
62. ^ Ley 30 de 1986, alcaldiabogota.gov.co, 31 January 1986, archived from the original on 9 July 2019, retrieved 5 June 2018
63. ^ "Colombia Just Legalized Medical Marijuana". BuzzFeed News. 22 December 2015. Archived from the original on 11 June 2019. Retrieved 22 December 2015.
64. ^ "Decreto Número 2467 de 2015" (PDF). Ministry of Health and Social Protection (Colombia). 22 December 2015. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 December 2017. Retrieved 22 December 2015.
65. ^ "Dossiers sur les 30 Chefs d'Etat ou de Gouvernements tués" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 July 2011.
66. ^ French, Howard (1997). "The Mercenary Position". Transition (73): 110–121. doi:10.2307/2935448. ISSN 0041-1191. JSTOR 2935448.
67. ^ Kumar, Rashneel (11 August 2022). "62 per cent vote yes for cannabis law reform". Cook Islands News. Archived from the original on 11 January 2023. Retrieved 11 January 2023.
68. ^ a b Chinchilla ve complicado legalizar la marihuana – EL PAÍS – La Nación, Nacion.com, 24 August 2010, archived from the original on 17 February 2011, retrieved 17 February 2011
69. ^ a b Marijuana in Costa Rica: Laws, History and Potential, The Costa Rica News, 18 December 2015, archived from the original on 10 November 2016, retrieved 30 December 2015
70. ^ "Costa Rica legalizes medicinal marijuana use, hemp growing". Associated Press. 2 March 2022. Archived from the original on 7 March 2022. Retrieved 7 March 2022.
71. ^ "Zakon o suzbijanju zlouporabe droga" (in Croatian). Archived from the original on 20 October 2018. Retrieved 1 July 2013.
72. ^ a b "Croatia Legalises Marijuana for Medical Use". Balkan Insight. 2016. Archived from the original on 30 September 2018. Retrieved 27 July 2016.
73. ^ "Cyprus legalises medicinal cannabis cultivation and use". Financial Mirror. 15 February 2019. Archived from the original on 15 February 2019. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
74. ^ "Overviews of legal topics: possession of cannabis for personal use". European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. Archived from the original on 30 September 2018. Retrieved 26 July 2015.
75. ^ "Nejvýš 10 gramů konopí. Soud nově stanovil větší než malé množství drog – Legalizace.cz". 9 April 2014. Archived from the original on 1 January 2019. Retrieved 11 August 2018.
76. ^ a b Eisenchteter, Jules (17 April 2023). "CZECHS GO TO POT". balkaninsight.com. Retrieved 17 November 2023.
77. ^ "Czech Republic Pharmacies Began Selling Medical Cannabis". The420times.com. Archived from the original on 20 June 2013. Retrieved 23 June 2013.
78. ^ "Czech Republic Legalizes Medical Marijuana Use". The Huffington Post. 15 February 2013. Archived from the original on 20 January 2016. Retrieved 23 June 2013.
79. ^ Lamers, Matt (15 May 2019). "Danish medical cannabis program passes 2,000 patient mark". Marijuana Business Daily. Archived from the original on 17 May 2019. Retrieved 17 May 2019.
80. ^ "Forsøgsordningen med medicinsk cannabis fortsætter". Sundhedsministeriet. 1 December 2021. Archived from the original on 5 December 2022. Retrieved 4 December 2022.
81. ^ Denmark marijuana laws – cannabis growing and marijuana seeds, 1stmarijuanagrowerspage.com, archived from the original on 20 May 2019, retrieved 17 February 2011
82. ^ Radicella, Lucas (22 May 2018). "Copenhagen's largest cannabis market shut down". Euronews. Archived from the original on 17 October 2018. Retrieved 17 October 2018.
83. ^ "Dominica parliament amends marijuana legislation". Jamaica Observer. 27 October 2020. Archived from the original on 9 January 2021. Retrieved 6 January 2021.
84. ^ "Reformas del COIP sobre cannabis medicinal abren la puerta a investigaciones de la salud". El Universo. 6 January 2020. Archived from the original on 12 April 2020. Retrieved 5 April 2020.
85. ^ "Ecuador's newly sworn-in president repeals guidelines allowing people to carry limited drug amounts". Associated Press. 25 November 2023. Retrieved 22 March 2024.
86. ^ Seshata, Cannabis in Egypt, The Sensi Seed Bank, archived from the original on 29 June 2019, retrieved 20 January 2014
87. ^ Hasan, Lama (5 May 2010), Egypt's Pot Problem? A Marijuana Shortage, ABC News, archived from the original on 1 March 2011, retrieved 31 January 2011
88. ^ "Kanepi ja kannabinoidide meditsiiniline kasutamine – Ravimiamet". www.ravimiamet.ee. Archived from the original on 2 October 2018. Retrieved 1 October 2018.
89. ^ Europe Guide : Maps of Europe by language, religion, population density, hair and eye color, etc, Eupedia.com, 19 April 1994, archived from the original on 28 August 2019, retrieved 17 February 2011
90. ^ "Ravikanepi taotlemine | Ravikanep" (in Estonian). Retrieved 13 October 2024.
91. ^ US warns American Rastas about Ethiopian laws, iol.co.za, 29 January 2005, archived from the original on 20 January 2016, retrieved 8 October 2011
92. ^ Silvàn, Sini (20 April 2015). "Lääkekannabis edelleen marginaalinen lääke" (in Finnish). YLE. Archived from the original on 21 July 2018. Retrieved 6 December 2016.
93. ^ "Delayed medical cannabis trials begin in France". The Connexion. 26 March 2021. Archived from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 6 May 2021.
94. ^ "L'amende forfaitaire pour les fumeurs de cannabis généralisée mardi". Le Parisien (in French). 31 August 2020. Archived from the original on 5 March 2021. Retrieved 31 March 2021.
95. ^ Forbes (9 February 2021). "Cannabis : vers une dépénalisation en France ?". Forbes France (in French). Archived from the original on 20 April 2021. Retrieved 1 April 2021.
96. ^ Marie Jamet (6 November 2013). "Legalising or decriminalizing cannabis in France: not that easy". Euronews. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2013.
97. ^ Ann Törnkvist (10 June 2013). "French law on pot-based medicine takes effect". The Local. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2013.
98. ^ "Georgian Court Abolishes Fines For Marijuana Consumption". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. 30 July 2018. Archived from the original on 8 August 2018. Retrieved 9 August 2018.
99. ^ "Marijuana consumption regulations unveiled by Georgia's Interior Ministry". Agenda.ge. 5 September 2018. Archived from the original on 6 September 2018. Retrieved 7 September 2018.
100. ^ McGuinness, Damien (23 February 2024). "Germany legalises cannabis, but makes it hard to buy". BBC. Archived from the original on 23 February 2024. Retrieved 23 February 2024.
101. ^ Moulson, Geir (23 February 2024). "Germany's parliament votes to legalize limited marijuana possession and allow 'cannabis clubs'". Associated Press. Retrieved 23 February 2024.
102. ^ Schmidt, Nadine (23 February 2024). "Germany legalizes recreational cannabis use". CNN. Retrieved 23 February 2024.
103. ^ Jagielski, David (23 March 2020). "Ghana Legalizes Cannabis – but Only the Hemp Variety". The Motley Fool. Archived from the original on 23 March 2020. Retrieved 24 March 2020.
104. ^ O'Neill, Louis (24 March 2020). "Ghana Officially Legalizes Weed...Kind Of?". The Green Fund. Archived from the original on 1 May 2021. Retrieved 24 March 2020.
105. ^ Milena Lopez (2 November 2016). "Comisión Rechaza Uso Medicinal De La Marihuana En Guatemala". Tn8.tv. Archived from the original on 5 September 2017. Retrieved 30 November 2016.
106. ^ Juan Toro. "Guatemala: Rechazan uso de marihuana medicinal". Cluster Salud. Archived from the original on 3 October 2018. Retrieved 30 November 2016.
107. ^ "Rastafarian community protests against 'unjust' marijuana laws". Stabroek News. 4 December 2015. Archived from the original on 5 September 2017. Retrieved 6 December 2015.
108. ^ "Ley Sobre Uso Indebido y Trafico Ilicito de Drogas y Sustancias Psicotropicas" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 November 2017. Retrieved 5 June 2018.
109. ^ Information on the official web site of the Hong Kong Police Force, Police.gov.hk, archived from the original on 5 October 2019, retrieved 14 December 2011
110. ^ "Cannabis laws in Hungary". Cannigma. 11 November 2022. Archived from the original on 23 March 2023. Retrieved 23 March 2023.
111. ^ Minstrel, Társaság a Szabadságjogokért: Drogjog 1999 Voted Vote D2ID : 62, Daath.hu, archived from the original on 4 June 2019, retrieved 17 February 2011
112. ^ "Marihuana og LSD loks bannað hér!" (in Icelandic). No. 235\. Tíminn. 25 October 1969. Archived from the original on 21 July 2018. Retrieved 10 December 2016.
113. ^ Sveinn Helgason, Magnús (26 August 2015). "Do Icelanders really smoke more cannabis than anyone else?". Iceland Magazine. Archived from the original on 12 November 2020. Retrieved 16 January 2019.
114. ^ Malhotra, Aditi (6 March 2015). "Is it Legal to Get High on Bhang in India?". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on 26 March 2016. Retrieved 28 February 2019.
115. ^ Thakur, Anjali (23 September 2020). "What is CBD Oil And Will You be Jailed For Buying it? New Findings in SSR Case Put Common Man in a Fix". india.com. Archived from the original on 6 February 2022. Retrieved 6 February 2022.
116. ^ Thomas H. Slone (2003). Prokem. Masalai Press. pp. 26–. ISBN 978-0-9714127-5-0.
117. ^ "Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia No. 35 Tahun 2009 tentang Narkotika" (PDF). BNN RI. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 July 2018. Retrieved 3 May 2013.
118. ^ Aquino, Michael. "Drug Laws in Bali and the Rest of Indonesia". TripSavvy. Archived from the original on 17 October 2018. Retrieved 17 October 2018.
119. ^ Reza Afshari (7 June 2011). Human Rights in Iran: The Abuse of Cultural Relativism. University of Pennsylvania Press. pp. 40–. ISBN 978-0-8122-0105-5. Archived from the original on 20 April 2023. Retrieved 8 October 2020.
120. ^ "Cannabis Use in Present-Day Iran". Sensi Seeds. Archived from the original on 25 August 2018. Retrieved 30 July 2018.
121. ^ "Drug offences". Dublin: Citizens Information Board. 20 July 2016. Archived from the original on 30 September 2018. Retrieved 5 December 2016.
122. ^ Finn, Christina (26 June 2019). "Access to cannabis for medical reasons is now allowed in Ireland under new law". TheJournal.ie. Archived from the original on 15 July 2019. Retrieved 14 July 2019.
123. ^ Keena, Colm (26 June 2019). "Legislation allowing limited access to medical cannabis signed". The Irish Times. Archived from the original on 28 June 2019. Retrieved 14 July 2019.
124. ^ "National Drugs Strategy (interim) 2009–2016" (PDF). Official publications. Department of Community, Rural and Gaeltacht Affairs. June 2009. p. 26, sec.2.49. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 April 2018. Retrieved 5 December 2016.
125. ^ "Minister Catherine Byrne TD announces a Public Consultation on the New National Drugs Strategy" (Press release). Ireland: Department of Health. 6 September 2016. Archived from the original on 17 July 2019. Retrieved 5 December 2016.
126. ^ "Medicinal Products Availability: : Written answers". Dáil Éireann debates. KildareStreet.com. 26 October 2016. Archived from the original on 21 July 2018. Retrieved 5 December 2016.
127. ^ "S.I. No. 323/2014 – Misuse of Drugs (Amendment) Regulations 2014". Irish Statute Book. Archived from the original on 30 September 2018. Retrieved 5 December 2016.
128. ^ Harris, Simon (10 November 2016). "Joint Oireachtas Committee on Health: Quarterly Update on Health Issues: Discussion". Oireachtas Joint and Select Committees proceedings. Archived from the original on 29 March 2017. Retrieved 5 December 2016.
129. ^ "Cannabis for Medicinal Use (Regulations) Bill 2016: Second Stage [Private Members]". Dáil debates. kildarestreet.com. 1 December 2016. Archived from the original on 21 July 2018. Retrieved 5 December 2016.
130. ^ "Medicinal cannabis bill passes Dáil without vote". RTÉ. 1 December 2016. Archived from the original on 21 July 2018. Retrieved 2 December 2016.
131. ^ "Cannabis for Medicinal Use Regulation Bill 2016 Bill 2016 [PMB]". Bills. Oireachtas. 21 July 2016. Archived from the original on 4 May 2018. Retrieved 5 December 2016.
132. ^ "Partial decriminalization of public cannabis use takes effect Sunday night". The Times of Israel. 31 March 2019. Archived from the original on 9 June 2019. Retrieved 5 April 2019.
133. ^ Jones, Gavin; Fonte, Giuseppe (27 December 2019). "Italy court rules home-growing cannabis is legal, reigniting dispute". Reuters. Archived from the original on 14 June 2020. Retrieved 4 January 2020.
134. ^ "linkonline.it". Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 14 January 2015.
135. ^ Bud, Monterey (19 March 2018). "Jamaica's Kaya Farms Becomes First Medical Marijuana Dispensary To Open". marijuana.com. Archived from the original on 16 July 2018. Retrieved 15 July 2018.
136. ^ "'The power of cannabis': Japan embraces CBD despite drug taboo". France 24. Agence France-Presse. 17 June 2022. Archived from the original on 24 December 2022. Retrieved 23 December 2022.
137. ^ Martinez, Eduardo (2 July 2022). "FEATURE: CBD takes root in Japan as gov't mulls easing laws for cannabis meds". Kyodo News. Archived from the original on 24 December 2022. Retrieved 23 December 2022.
138. ^ Minoru Shikita; Shinichi Tsuchiya (6 December 2012). Crime and Criminal Policy in Japan: Analysis and Evaluation of the Showa Era, 1926–1988. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 13–. ISBN 978-1-4612-2816-5.
139. ^ Cannabis Control Law, japanhemp.org, archived from the original on 17 May 2020, retrieved 4 August 2015
140. ^ "조선민주주의인민공화국 마약관리법". 법무부 통일법제데이터베이스 문서뷰어 (in Korean (North Korea)). Ministry of Justice, Republic of Korea. Retrieved 24 March 2024.
141. ^ Shearlaw, Maeve (13 May 2014). "Mythbusters: uncovering the truth about North Korea". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 6 June 2016. Retrieved 10 June 2016.
142. ^ So-hyun, Kim (19 February 2019). "Imports of medical cannabis to be allowed next month". The Korea Herald. Archived from the original on 27 August 2019. Retrieved 7 March 2018.
143. ^ "South Korea legalises medical marijuana". Financial Times. Archived from the original on 14 December 2018. Retrieved 29 November 2018.
144. ^ "Par Krimināllikuma spēkā stāšanās un piemērošanas kārtību" (in Latvian). likumi.lv. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 23 June 2013.
145. ^ Robert Connell Clarke (1998). Hashish!. Red Eye Press. ISBN 978-0-929349-05-3.
146. ^ Réalités. Spectacle du monde. May 1996. p. 354\. "Les Américains ne lâchant pas prise, le gouvernement libanais interdisait officiellement la culture du pavot et du cannabis en 1992."
147. ^ "In Lebanon, a comeback for cannabis", The Christian Science Monitor, 16 October 2007, archived from the original on 20 April 2019, retrieved 17 February 2011
148. ^ "Lebanon Legalizes Cannabis Farming for Medicinal Use". The New York Times. Reuters. 21 April 2020. Archived from the original on 23 April 2020.
149. ^ "Lesotho Just Granted Africa's First Legal Marijuana License". 13 September 2017. Archived from the original on 27 June 2018. Retrieved 5 June 2018.
150. ^ "Marijuana, mountains and money: How Lesotho is cashing in". BBC News. 28 November 2018. Archived from the original on 20 April 2019. Retrieved 20 January 2019.
151. ^ a b "Growing cannabis at home – Cannabis Information". Government of Luxembourg. Retrieved 21 July 2023.
152. ^ a b Loi du 10 juillet 2023 portant modification de la loi modifiée du 19 février 1973 concernant la vente de substances médicamenteuses et la lutte contre la toxicomanie [Law of July 10, 2023 amending the amended law of February 19, 1973 concerning the sale of medicinal substances and the fight against drug addiction] (PDF) (in French). 10 July 2023. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 January 2024. Retrieved 16 January 2024.
153. ^ Decriminalisation in Europe? (PDF), European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, November 2001
154. ^ McCool, Alice (28 February 2020). "Malawi legalises cannabis amid hopes of fresh economic growth". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 28 February 2020. Retrieved 29 February 2020.
155. ^ "Malawi Rastas' marijuana struggle". BBC News. 11 September 2000. Archived from the original on 27 February 2018. Retrieved 20 April 2011.
156. ^ "Marijuana Cultivation Increases in Malawi". The New York Times. Agence France-Presse. 17 December 1998. Archived from the original on 15 June 2018. Retrieved 20 April 2011.
157. ^ Malaysia, Bureau of Consular Affairs, archived from the original on 17 February 2011, retrieved 17 February 2011
158. ^ Meilak, Nicole (30 March 2021). "Cannabis reform: possession up to 7g, cultivation of four plants at home". Malta Today. Archived from the original on 30 March 2021. Retrieved 31 March 2021.
159. ^ "Cannabis bill approved in parliament, in first for Europe". Times of Malta. 14 December 2021. Archived from the original on 14 December 2021. Retrieved 14 December 2021.
160. ^ Jaeger, Kyle (18 December 2021). "Malta Officially Legalizes Marijuana With President's Signature, Becoming First In Europe To End Cannabis Prohibition". Marijuana Moment. Archived from the original on 18 December 2021. Retrieved 18 December 2021.
161. ^ a b Agren, David (28 June 2021). "Mexico supreme court strikes down laws that ban use of recreational marijuana". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 3 July 2021. Retrieved 2 July 2021.
162. ^ "Mexico Legalizes Drug Possession". The New York Times. Associated Press. 21 August 2009. Archived from the original on 1 April 2018. Retrieved 4 April 2010.
163. ^ "Mexico court ruling could eventually lead to legal marijuana". BBC News. 4 November 2015. Archived from the original on 3 December 2017. Retrieved 5 November 2015.
164. ^ McDonnell-Parry, Amelia (2 November 2018). "Did Mexico Just Legalize Pot?". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on 15 January 2019. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
165. ^ Adlin, Ben (1 November 2018). "FAQ: Mexico Legalized Cannabis? Not Exactly". Leafly. Archived from the original on 15 January 2019. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
166. ^ "Morocco: Bill to legalise cannabis enters into force". Middle East Monitor. 31 July 2021. Archived from the original on 11 August 2021. Retrieved 11 August 2021.
167. ^ "Morocco moves to legalise some cannabis cultivation". The Economist. 10 July 2021. Archived from the original on 17 January 2022. Retrieved 11 August 2021.
168. ^ "NCB Magazine 2073" (PDF). Kathmandu: Narcotics Control Bureau. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 March 2021. Retrieved 8 October 2021.
169. ^ Sharma, Gopal (11 March 2013). "Shivaratri Festival in Nepal Includes Temporary Lifting of Marijuana Ban (PHOTOS)". The Huffington Post. Reuters. Archived from the original on 29 March 2020. Retrieved 24 March 2020.
170. ^ Use drop-down menu on site to view Netherlands entry., Eldd.emcdda.europa.eu, archived from the original on 7 May 2010, retrieved 17 February 2011
171. ^ Drugs Policy in the Netherlands, Ukcia.org, archived from the original on 2 August 2017, retrieved 17 February 2011
172. ^ Martin, Adam (27 May 2011). "Amsterdam Will Ban Tourists from Pot Coffee Shops". Atlantic Wire. Archived from the original on 27 March 2012. Retrieved 23 June 2011.
173. ^ "Aanwijzing Opiumwet (2015A003)". Archived from the original on 20 April 2019.
174. ^ "Hennep? Einde huurcontract! – Portaal". www.portaal.nl. Archived from the original on 13 August 2018. Retrieved 12 August 2018.
175. ^ "De keerzijde van straffeloosheid – VVS Advocaten". 26 October 2016. Archived from the original on 13 August 2018. Retrieved 12 August 2018.
176. ^ Roes, Thijs (13 January 2017). "Met je gezin voor twee planten op straat gezet. En meer uitwassen van de strijd tegen wiet". Archived from the original on 13 August 2018. Retrieved 12 August 2018.
177. ^ "wetten.nl – Regeling – Opiumwet 1960 BES – BWBR0028519". wetten.overheid.nl. Archived from the original on 13 August 2018. Retrieved 12 August 2018.
178. ^ "Dangerous Drugs Act, 1927" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 29 January 2019. Retrieved 5 June 2018.
179. ^ Ainge Roy, Eleanor (11 December 2018). "New Zealand passes laws to make medical marijuana widely available". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 13 January 2019. Retrieved 12 January 2019.
180. ^ "'No' vote for cannabis legalisation shrinks to 50.7 percent after final votes". Radio New Zealand. 6 November 2020. Archived from the original on 13 November 2020. Retrieved 10 November 2020.
181. ^ European Coalition for Just and Effective Drug Policies, Encod.org, archived from the original on 18 May 2011, retrieved 17 February 2011
182. ^ "Macedonia: Parliament Legalizes Medical Marijuana". Eurasia Review. 22 April 2015.[permanent dead link]
183. ^ "Procedure for treatment with medical cannabis within the current regulations". The Norwegian Medicines Agency. Archived from the original on 20 April 2019. Retrieved 28 February 2019.
184. ^ "Medical cannabis is legal in Norway". NORMAL. Archived from the original on 28 February 2019. Retrieved 28 February 2019.
185. ^ "NOU 2019: 26". regjeringen.no. 19 December 2019. Archived from the original on 31 December 2019. Retrieved 14 January 2020.
186. ^ "The Drug Policy Working Group". The Office of the Prime Minister. 23 March 2018. Archived from the original on 6 March 2021. Retrieved 17 December 2018.
187. ^ "Riksadvokatens rundskriv nr. 2 2014" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 5 March 2021. Retrieved 17 December 2018.
188. ^ "Støre sier nei – rusreformen splitter ap". nrk. 16 April 2021. Archived from the original on 16 April 2021. Retrieved 17 April 2021.
189. ^ "MDG landsmøtet avsluttet–dette er de viktigste vedtakene". frifagbevegelse. 29 March 2021. Archived from the original on 17 April 2021. Retrieved 17 April 2021.
190. ^ a b "In a first, govt allows industrial and medical use of cannabis extract". The Express Tribune. 1 September 2020. Archived from the original on 1 September 2020. Retrieved 3 September 2020.
191. ^ Cannabis legal status vault – Pakistan/Peshawar, Erowid.org, archived from the original on 15 December 2019, retrieved 5 June 2018
192. ^ "Panama's Congress approves medical cannabis bill in unanimous vote". Reuters. 30 August 2021. Archived from the original on 17 October 2021. Retrieved 17 October 2021.
193. ^ "El gobierno de Panamá legalizó el uso medicinal y terapéutico del cannabis". Infobae. 14 October 2021. Archived from the original on 17 October 2021. Retrieved 17 October 2021.
194. ^ TNI. "Paraguay – Drug Law Reform in Latin America". Archived from the original on 21 July 2018. Retrieved 25 February 2016.
195. ^ "En Paraguay, la posesión y consumo personal de la marihuana es legal". E'a. Archived from the original on 21 July 2018. Retrieved 25 February 2016.
196. ^ Collyns, Dan (20 October 2017). "Peru legalises medical marijuana in move spurred by mother's home lab". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 3 July 2018. Retrieved 16 July 2018.
197. ^ "Modificando el Código Penal en materia de Tráfico Ilícito de Drogas". Instituto de Defensa Legal – Seguridad Ciudadana. Archived from the original on 15 October 2012.
198. ^ "Ley Nº 28002" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 October 2013.
199. ^ "Código Penal. Decreto Legislativo Nº 635". 12 March 2021. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 5 June 2018.
200. ^ Manuel Vigo. "Peru rules out proposals to legalize marijuana". Archived from the original on 20 November 2015. Retrieved 25 February 2016.
201. ^ "Legalización de la marihuana en Perú a debate". Perú21 (in Spanish). 19 July 2014. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 25 February 2016.
202. ^ TNI. "Peru – Drug Law Reform in Latin America". Archived from the original on 7 November 2018. Retrieved 25 February 2016.
203. ^ Viray, Patricia Lourdes (18 December 2018). "Fact check: Is medical marijuana already allowed in the Philippines?". The Philippine Star. Archived from the original on 20 December 2018. Retrieved 28 December 2018.
204. ^ "Poland Approves Drug Decriminalization – Sort Of". stopthedrugwar.org. Archived from the original on 18 August 2018. Retrieved 26 April 2016.
205. ^ Drugs in small quantity and for personal use with no punishment – Poland, Interia.pl, 26 May 2011, archived from the original on 29 May 2011, retrieved 29 May 2011
206. ^ EMCDDA: Drug policy profiles, Portugal, Emcdda.europa.eu, 17 August 2011, archived from the original on 17 September 2019, retrieved 14 December 2011
207. ^ Pedepsele pentru traficul și consumul de droguri s-au redus. Totuși..., Reporter NTV, 10 February 2015, archived from the original on 4 September 2017, retrieved 4 September 2017
208. ^ Raport pentru EBA: Comisia prezidenţială susţine dezincriminarea consumului de droguri şi sexul comercial, Antena3.ro, 22 September 2009, archived from the original on 18 March 2016, retrieved 17 February 2011
209. ^ "Romania Legalizes Medical Marijuana, Becomes 10th EU Country To Permit Therapeutic Use". Novinite. 6 October 2013. Archived from the original on 21 June 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2013.
210. ^ "ANM: Nu avem nicio cerere de punere pe piaţă a canabisului medicinal; dacă ar fi, am aproba-o". 3 October 2013. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 3 October 2013.
211. ^ КОДЕКС РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ ОБ АДМИНИСТРАТИВНЫХ ПРАВОНАРУШЕНИЯХ (in Russian). Archived from the original on 26 February 2021. Retrieved 5 December 2018.
212. ^ Asiimwe, George (29 June 2021). "Rwanda Approves Use of Medical Marijuana". chimpreports.com. Archived from the original on 30 June 2021. Retrieved 2 July 2021.
213. ^ Andrew, Reginald (18 September 2021). "Govt. Decriminalises 30g of Ganja Possession". thevoiceslu.com. Archived from the original on 7 January 2022. Retrieved 6 January 2022.
214. ^ "No arrest for two ounces or less of cannabis". Searchlight. 2 August 2019. Archived from the original on 5 December 2019. Retrieved 4 January 2020.
215. ^ "Draft The Medicinal Cannabis Industry Act (Act of 2018)" (PDF). Government of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 December 2019. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
216. ^ "First medicinal cannabis licenses awarded in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines". 18 July 2019. Archived from the original on 14 January 2020. Retrieved 14 January 2020.
217. ^ "Medical Professionals in SVG Trained to Prescribe and Dispense Cannabis". 12 December 2019. Archived from the original on 14 January 2020. Retrieved 14 January 2020.
218. ^ International Travel – Saudi Arabia, Bureau of Consular Affairs, archived from the original on 11 December 2013, retrieved 17 February 2011
219. ^ Serbian Cannabis: Between Pain and the Law. Vice. 19 May 2016. Archived from the original on 15 November 2019. Retrieved 27 July 2016 - via YouTube.
220. ^ Krivični zakonik (The Criminal Code), 2013, archived from the original on 5 September 2019, retrieved 17 February 2011 - via Paragraf Lex
221. ^ Akyeampong, Emmanuel; Hill, Allan G.; Kleinman, Arthur (1 May 2015). The Culture of Mental Illness and Psychiatric Practice in Africa. Indiana University Press. pp. 39–. ISBN 978-0-253-01304-0. JSTOR j.ctt16gz69f.
222. ^ Bunyapraphatsō̜n, Nanthawan (1999). Medicinal and poisonous plants. Backhuys Publishers. p. 169\. ISBN 978-90-5782-042-7.
223. ^ Cannabis legal status vault – Singapore, Erowid.org, archived from the original on 15 December 2019, retrieved 17 February 2011
224. ^ "MISUSE OF DRUGS ACT". Attorney-General's Chamber. Singapore Government. 31 March 2008. Archived from the original on 7 August 2017. Retrieved 3 October 2013.
225. ^ "Cannabis-derived drug approved for second patient". The Straits Times. 17 June 2021. Archived from the original on 19 June 2021. Retrieved 19 June 2021.
226. ^ "High contrast". The Economist. London. 26 August 2010. ISSN 0013-0613. OCLC 60625410. Archived from the original on 10 January 2019. Retrieved 25 June 2012.
227. ^ a b Rousek, Leos (3 April 2012). "Slovakia's Incoming Leftist Premier Wants to Relax Tough Cannabis Laws". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on 21 July 2018. Retrieved 25 June 2012.
228. ^ "Cannabis in Slovenia – Laws, Use, and History". sensiseeds.com. 4 September 2018. Archived from the original on 5 November 2021. Retrieved 5 November 2021.
229. ^ "Slovenija dovolila uporabo konoplje v medicinske namene". Prvi interaktivni multimedijski portal, MMC RTV Slovenija. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 14 January 2015.
230. ^ "Uporaba konoplje v medicini". NIJZ. 19 June 2014. Archived from the original on 3 August 2021. Retrieved 12 September 2015.
231. ^ "Zakon o proizvodnji in prometu s prepovedanimi drogami (ZPPPD)". Uradni List. Archived from the original on 10 September 2016. Retrieved 12 September 2015.
232. ^ Lindeque, Mia. "ConCourt upholds ruling that private use of dagga is legal". Archived from the original on 30 June 2019. Retrieved 18 September 2018.
233. ^ "The highest court has spoken: You are allowed to smoke – and grow – dagga at home". TimesLIVE. Archived from the original on 27 November 2018. Retrieved 18 September 2018.
234. ^ "South Africa's highest court legalises cannabis use". BBC News. 18 September 2018. Archived from the original on 4 November 2021. Retrieved 4 November 2021.
235. ^ Gwegwe, Siseko (12 October 2021). "Cannabis weed in South Africa – What's legal and what's not?". TheSouthAfrican.com. Archived from the original on 4 November 2021. Retrieved 4 November 2021.
236. ^ a b Hudson, Ross (21 April 2017). "The Future of Spain's Cannabis Social Clubs". Marijuana Games. Archived from the original on 26 August 2018. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
237. ^ Rueda, José (20 November 2018). "Multas y penas por consumo y tenencia de drogas en España". I Wanna Grow. Archived from the original on 21 November 2018. Retrieved 20 November 2018.
238. ^ "Pharmacies in Spain will be able to sell medical marijuana by the end of 2022". The Local. 22 June 2022. Archived from the original on 5 December 2022. Retrieved 4 December 2022.
239. ^ King, Chris (28 June 2022). "Congress approves the legalisation of medical cannabis in Spain". EuroWeekly News. Archived from the original on 5 December 2022. Retrieved 4 December 2022.
240. ^ Biles, Mary (24 August 2022). "Spanish Government Gives Green Light To Medical Cannabis". Project CBD. Archived from the original on 5 December 2022. Retrieved 4 December 2022.
241. ^ Mac (23 July 2011). "Marihuana y su legalidad en España". La Marihuana. Archived from the original on 1 October 2018. Retrieved 28 July 2015.
242. ^ "España endurece las leyes sobre el cannabis en plena corriente mundial por la despenalización". El Huffington Post. 17 August 2014. Archived from the original on 12 December 2018. Retrieved 28 July 2015.
243. ^ "Catalonia legalises marijuana consumption, cultivation and distribution". The Independent. Archived from the original on 29 June 2018. Retrieved 1 July 2017.
244. ^ "of the Constitutional Court: The End of Cannabis Tolerance in Spain". 15 January 2018. Archived from the original on 6 April 2018. Retrieved 30 August 2018.
245. ^ Mac (8 June 2015). "¿El auto cultivo de marihuana se despenaliza en España?". La Marihuana. Archived from the original on 31 July 2018. Retrieved 25 February 2016.
246. ^ "Getting High And Low in The 'Mal' Capital". Colombo Telegraph. 18 June 2014. Archived from the original on 6 October 2018. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
247. ^ Marijuana Should be Allowed; Sri Lanka Indigenous Medicine Minister Says :: NIDAHASA News, News.nidahasa.com, 2 July 2009, archived from the original on 17 December 2019, retrieved 17 February 2011
248. ^ Rosemarijn Hoefte (1998). In Place of Slavery: A Social History of British Indian and Javanese Laborers in Suriname. University Press of Florida. pp. 160–. ISBN 978-0-8130-1625-2.
249. ^ Helander, Ingrid (15 April 2019). "Licensförskrivningen av medicinsk cannabis ökar". lakemedelsvarlden.se. Archived from the original on 21 January 2021. Retrieved 18 February 2021.
250. ^ Swedish drug control FINAL_14feb_merged (PDF), archived (PDF) from the original on 17 May 2020, retrieved 17 February 2011
251. ^ RättsPM 2009:1 (PDF) (in Swedish), Åklagarmyndighetens Utvecklngscentrum, 2009[permanent dead link]
252. ^ "FF 2012 7539" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 May 2020. Retrieved 16 November 2016.
253. ^ "Leiturteil des Bundesgerichts – Cannabis: bis 10 Gramm Eigenkonsum keine Beschlagnahmung möglich". Schweizer Radio und Fernsehen (SRF) (in German). 24 July 2023. Retrieved 10 March 2024.
254. ^ Ali, Tareq (18 May 2017). "Syrians Turn to Drugs to Forget the Burden of War". Raseef. Archived from the original on 28 June 2022. Retrieved 2 August 2022.
255. ^ Cannabis legal status vault – Taiwan, Erowid.org, archived from the original on 15 December 2019, retrieved 1 November 2015
256. ^ Storm, Phoebe (17 June 2022). "An Expat's Guide to Cannabis in Thailand". expatden.com. Archived from the original on 4 July 2022. Retrieved 30 June 2022.
257. ^ Ruiz, Todd (14 June 2022). "Blunt Truth: Media Keep Getting It Wrong On Thai Cannabis Legalization". coconuts.co. Archived from the original on 29 June 2022. Retrieved 30 June 2022.
258. ^ "Thailand develops cannabis test kits that detect THC levels in 15 minutes". thethaiger.com. 23 June 2022. Archived from the original on 25 June 2022. Retrieved 30 June 2022.
259. ^ Bush, Austin (30 August 2022). "Cannabis is now legal in Thailand, but it's complicated: what travelers need to know". Lonely Planet. Retrieved 24 June 2023.
260. ^ "Notifications of the Ministry of Health Re : Specifying the Category V Narcotic Substance 2565 BE (2022 AD)" (PDF). Royal Thai Government Gazette. 8 February 2022. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 April 2022. Retrieved 9 June 2022.
261. ^ "Act Promulgating the Narcotic Code 2564 BE (2021 AD)" (PDF). Royal Thai Government Gazette. 7 November 2021. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 June 2022. Retrieved 9 June 2022.
262. ^ Axel Klein; Marcus Day; Anthony Harriott (13 November 2004). Caribbean Drugs: From Criminalization to Harm Reduction. Zed Books. pp. 58–. ISBN 978-1-84277-499-1.
263. ^ Ramdass, Anna (19 December 2019). "Merry Christmas: Weed decriminalisation law to be proclaimed December 23". Trinidad Express. Archived from the original on 20 December 2019. Retrieved 20 December 2019.
264. ^ United Nations. Commission on Narcotic Drugs (1949). Summary of Annual Reports of Governments Relating to Opium and Other Narcotic Drugs. Archived from the original on 20 April 2023. Retrieved 5 June 2018. "TUNISIA 18. A Decree of 23 April 1953" (published in the Journal Officiel Tunisien of 28 April 1953) prohibits the cultivation of cannabis and the use of takrouri (cannabis) and specifies the conditions under which ..."
265. ^ Jacobs, Daniel; Morris, Peter (2001). The Rough Guide to Tunisia – Daniel Jacobs, Peter Morris – Google grâmatas. Rough Guides. ISBN 9781858287485. Archived from the original on 20 April 2023. Retrieved 23 June 2013.
266. ^ Massa, Ariadne. "Tunisia accuses 'missing' Maltese of smuggling cannabis". Times of Malta. Archived from the original on 17 May 2020. Retrieved 23 June 2013.
267. ^ قانون عدد 52 لسنة 1992 مؤرخ في 18 ماي 1992 يتعلق بالمخدرات [Law No. 52 of 1992, dated 18 May 1992 concerning drugs] (in Arabic). Tunisia: DCAF / legislation-securite.tn. Archived from the original on 19 December 2015.
268. ^ "Turkey legalises controlled cannabis production in nineteen provinces". Archived from the original on 21 July 2018. Retrieved 16 October 2016.
269. ^ "Türkiye'de 19 ilde kenevir yasallaştı" (in Turkish). 13 October 2016. Archived from the original on 13 December 2018. Retrieved 13 October 2016.
270. ^ a b European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (31 January 2012), Country overview: Turkey, Lisbon: European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, OCLC 527925326, archived from the original on 4 February 2015, retrieved 5 June 2018
271. ^ Hilsman, Patrick (13 July 2023). "Ukrainian legislature passes medical marijuana law". United Press International. Retrieved 21 December 2023.
272. ^ "Ukraine legalises cannabis for medical use". Reuters. 15 February 2024.
273. ^ "Tourists warned of UAE drug laws". BBC News. 8 February 2008. Archived from the original on 20 April 2017. Retrieved 17 February 2011.
274. ^ "Drugs penalties". GOV.UK. 3 March 2024. Retrieved 12 April 2024.
275. ^ Drug possession offences: A guide to help you represent yourself (PDF) (Report). Release. April 2018. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 September 2020.
276. ^ a b "Medicinal cannabis: Why has it taken so long to get to patients?". BBC News. 16 February 2019. Archived from the original on 7 October 2020. Retrieved 16 July 2020.
277. ^ Paul Manning (11 January 2013). Drugs and Popular Culture. Routledge. pp. 136–. ISBN 978-1-134-01211-4.
278. ^ "Drug Laws". United Kingdom Home Office. Archived from the original on 15 March 2013. Retrieved 9 March 2016.
279. ^ "Medical cannabis products available on prescription". BBC News. 1 November 2018. Archived from the original on 2 March 2019. Retrieved 6 March 2019.
280. ^ Barnard, Jeff; Wozniacka, Gosia (12 December 2014). "the D.O.J. allows indian reservations to grow and sell marijuana". Northwest Herald. Associated Press. Archived from the original on 20 January 2016. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
281. ^ "Can You Buy Weed If You Under 21 Years-Old? – The State-By-State Guide to Cannabis Age Requirements". Cannabis.net. 6 May 2022. Retrieved 23 June 2023.
282. ^ "US poised to ease restrictions on marijuana in historic shift, but it'll remain controlled substance". AP News. 30 April 2024. Retrieved 1 May 2024.
283. ^ Cannabis South American laws, Erowid.org, March 1995, archived from the original on 9 December 2019, retrieved 5 June 2018
284. ^ "The experiment: Another blow against prohibition". The Economist. 1 August 2013. Archived from the original on 5 September 2017. Retrieved 5 June 2018.
285. ^ "Uruguay becomes first country to legalize marijuana trade". 10 December 2013. Archived from the original on 1 December 2015. Retrieved 10 July 2021.
286. ^ "Uruguay marijuana sales delayed until 2015: President – Americas". 10 July 2014. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 14 January 2015.
287. ^ Junta Nacional de Drogas (2019). Regulation and Control of Cannabis Market: Law 19.172 & Decrees (PDF). Montevideo: Presidencia de la República, Uruguay. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 June 2022. Retrieved 3 July 2022.
288. ^ "Uruguay pharmacies start selling cannabis straight to consumers". The Guardian. Montevideo: Reuters. 19 July 2017. Retrieved 23 June 2023.
289. ^ "Criminal Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan" (in Uzbek). The national database of legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 2 August 2013.
290. ^ Ley Orgánica de Drogas – Sept.10 (PDF), archived from the original (PDF) on 19 March 2012, retrieved 17 February 2011

* v
* t
* e

Cannabis

* Outline of cannabis
* Recreational and medical applications
* Industrial applications

General|

* Autoflowering cannabis
* Cannabis
* indica
* ruderalis
* sativa
* Chemical defenses in Cannabis
* Consumption
* Conversion of CBD to THC
* Cultivation
* Glossary
* Names (cannabis, dagga, ganja, marijuana, slang)
* Strains
* Synthetic cannabis

Usage|

| General|

* Cannabis use and trauma
* Medical cannabis
* Cannabis product testing
* History
* In the US
* Medical cannabis card
* Religious and spiritual use
* Chalice
* Drug testing
* Marijuana Anonymous

|

Hemp|

* Hanfparade
* List of hemp diseases
* List of hemp products
* hempcrete
* jewelry
* milk
* oil
* paper
* rolling paper
* List of hemp varieties
* Hemp for Victory
* Hemp Industries Association
* The Emperor Wears No Clothes

Variants|

* Cannabis edible
* Bhang
* Cannabis tea
* Cannabis smoking
* Joint
* Vaporizing
* Cannabis concentrate
* Essential oil
* Charas
* Hashish
* Hash oil
* Kief
* Tincture
* Marihuana prensada
* Phytocannabinoids
* Quasi-psychedelic
* delta-8-THC
* delta-10-THC
* THC
* THCH
* THCP
* Other
* CBD
* CBDH
* CBDP

Effects|

* Amotivational syndrome
* Cannabis in pregnancy
* Cannabis use disorder (CUD)
* Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS)
* Clinical endocannabinoid deficiency syndrome
* Entourage effect
* Endocannabinoid system
* Impaired driving
* Time perception
* Long-term effects
* Occupational health concerns
* Medical cannabis research

Culture|

* 420
* Budtender
* Cannabis by Country
* Cookbooks
* Etiquette
* Cannabis Social Club
* Head shop
* Books
* Cannabis Culture
* Columns
* Competitions
* List of cannabis hoaxes
* Films (Stoner film)
* High Times
* Music
* Religion
* Restaurants
* Sports
* Operation Overgrow
* Smoke-in
* Stoner TV
* Video games

Organizations|

| Cannabis rights|

* ACT
* ALCP
* AMMA
* ASA
* CAN
* CBN
* CLEAR
* CRC
* Dagga Couple
* DFCR
* DPA
* ENCOD
* FAAAT
* FCA
* GLM India
* GMM
* LEAP
* MAPS
* MPP
* NCIA
* NORML
* France
* NZ
* UK
* SAFER
* SCC
* SSDP
* VMCA

|

Science|

* IACM
* ICRS
* ICEERS

Demographics|

* Adult lifetime use by country
* Annual use by country

Politics|

| General|

* Bootleggers and Baptists
* Cannabis rights
* Activists
* Capital punishment for cannabis trafficking
* Effects of legalized cannabis
* Global Marijuana March
* Legality of cannabis
* Internationally
* Regulatory agencies
* 1961 Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs
* 1971 Vienna Convention on Psychotropic Substances
* 1998 UN Convention on Illicit Trafficking
* In the U.S.
* Legal history in the United States
* Marihuana Tax Act of 1937
* Timeline of cannabis law

|

Major legal
reforms|

* Treaty law: Rescheduling of cannabis in 2020
* Canada: 2018 Cannabis Act
* Germany: German cannabis control bill
* UK: Return to class B
* Uruguay: Law No. 19172
* US:
* Legalization of non-medical cannabis in the US
* Rescheduling per the Controlled Substances Act
* Hemp Farming Act of 2018

Politicians
and parties|

* Cannabis political parties
* of the US
* of Minnesota
* of Spain
* List of British politicians who have acknowledged cannabis use
* List of American politicians who have acknowledged cannabis use

Legal cases|

* Ker v. California (1963)
* Leary v. United States (1969)
* Kyllo v. United States (2001)
* Gonzales v. Raich (2005)
* ADPF 187 (2011)

Related|

* Drug liberalization
* Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the cannabis industry
* Substances
* Cannabinoid receptor antagonist
* Endocannabinoid enhancer
* Endocannabinoid reuptake inhibitor

* Cannabis portal
* Category

* v
* t
* e

Recreational drug use

Major recreational drugs

| Depressants|

* Barbiturates
* Benzodiazepines
* Carbamates
* Ethanol (alcohol)
* Alcoholic beverage
* Beer
* Wine
* Gabapentinoids
* GHB
* Inhalants
* Medical
* Nitrous oxide (recreational use)
* Hazardous solvents
* contact adhesives
* Gasoline
* nail polish remover
* Paint thinner
* Other
* Freon
* Kava
* Nonbenzodiazepines
* Quinazolinones

|

Opioids|

* Buprenorphine
* Suboxone
* Subutex
* Codeine
* Lean
* Desomorphine
* Krokodil
* Dextropropoxyphene
* Darvocet
* Darvon
* Fentanyl
* Diamorphine
* Heroin
* Hydrocodone
* Hydromorphone
* Dilaudid
* Methadone
* Mitragyna speciosa
* Kratom
* Morphine
* Opium
* Oxycodone
* /paracetamol
* Tramadol

Stimulants|

* Amphetamine
* Arecoline
* Areca
* Betel
* Caffeine
* Coffee
* Energy drinks
* Tea
* Cathinone
* Khat
* Cocaine
* Coca
* Crack
* Ephedrine
* Ephedra
* MDPV
* Mephedrone
* Methamphetamine
* Methylone
* Methylphenidate
* Modafinil
* Nicotine
* Polacrilex
* Salt
* Tobacco
* Theobromine
* Cocoa
* Chocolate

Entactogens|

* 2C series
* 6-APB
* Benzofury
* AMT
* MDA
* MDMA
* Ecstasy
* Molly

Hallucinogens|

| Psychedelics|

* Bufotenin
* Psychoactive toads
* Vilca
* Yopo
* DMT
* Ayahuasca
* LSA
* LSD-25
* Mescaline
* Peruvian torch
* Peyote
* San Pedro
* Psilocybin / Psilocin
* Psilocybin mushrooms

|

Dissociatives|

* DXM (recreational use)
* Glaucine
* Inhalants
* Nitrous oxide (recreational use)
* alkyl nitrites
* poppers
* amyl nitrite
* Ketamine
* MXE
* Muscimol
* Amanita muscaria
* PCP
* Salvinorin A
* Salvia divinorum

Deliriants|

* Atropine and Scopolamine
* Atropa belladonna
* Datura
* Hyoscyamus niger
* Mandragora officinarum
* Dimenhydrinate
* Diphenhydramine

Cannabinoids|

* THC
* Cannabis (Marijuana)
* Hashish
* Hash oil
* Neocannabinoid / synthetic cannabinoids
* JWH-018
* APICA
* APINACA
* Spice

Oneirogens|

* Calea zacatechichi
* Silene capensis

Club drugs|

* Cocaine
* Quaaludes
* MDMA
* Ecstasy
* Molly
* Nitrous oxide (recreational use)
* Poppers

Drug culture

| Cannabis culture|

* 420
* Cannabis consumption
* Cannabis cultivation
* Cannabis edible
* Cannabis rights
* Cannabis rights leaders
* List of cannabis rights organizations
* Cannabis smoking
* Cannabis Social Club
* Cannabis tea
* Cannabis vaping
* Head shop
* Legal history of cannabis in the United States
* Legality of cannabis
* Marijuana Policy Project
* Medical cannabis
* NORML
* Cannabis and religion
* Stoner film

|

Coffee culture|

* Coffee break
* Coffeehouse
* Latte art
* Teahouse

Drinking culture|

* Bartending
* Beer culture
* Beer festival
* Binge drinking
* Diethyl ether
* Drinking games
* Drinking song
* Happy hour
* Hip flask
* Nightclub
* Oktoberfest
* Pub
* Pub crawl
* Sommelier
* Sports bar
* Tailgate party
* Wine bar
* Wine tasting

Psychedelia|

* Psychonautics
* Art
* Drug
* Era
* Experience
* Literature
* Music
* Microdosing
* Smart shop
* Therapy

Smoking culture|

* Cigarette card
* Fashion cigarettes
* Cloud-chasing
* Loosie
* Smokeasy
* Smoking fetishism
* Tobacco smoking

Other|

* Chasing the dragon
* Club drug
* Counterculture of the 1960s
* Dance party
* Drug paraphernalia
* Drug tourism
* Entheogen
* Hippie
* Needle sharing
* Nootropic
* Party and play
* Poly drug use
* Rave
* Religion and drugs
* Self-medication
* Sex and drugs
* Urban legends about drugs
* Whoonga

Legality of drug use

| International|

* International drug control conventions
* 1961 Narcotic Drugs
* 1971 Psychotropic Substances
* 1988 Drug Trafficking
* Other treaties addressing drugs
* Law of the Sea Convention
* Convention Against Doping
* Council of the European Union decisions on designer drugs

|

State level|

* Drug policy
* Decriminalization
* Legalization
* Prohibition
* Regulation
* Supply reduction
* Policy reform
* Demand reduction
* Drug Policy Alliance
* Harm reduction
* Law Enforcement Action Partnership
* Liberalization
* Latin America
* Students for Sensible Drug Policy
* Transform Drug Policy Foundation

Drug policy
by country|

* Australia
* Canada
* Czech Republic
* Germany
* India
* Netherlands
* Portugal
* Slovakia
* Soviet Union
* Sweden
* Switzerland
* United States
* Just Say No
* Office of National Drug Control Policy
* School district drug policies
* California
* Colorado
* Maryland
* Oregon
* Virginia

Drug legality|

* Alcohol legality
* Anabolic steroid legality
* Cannabis legality
* Cocaine legality
* Methamphetamine legality
* Psilocybin decriminalization in the U.S.
* Psilocybin mushrooms legality
* Salvia legality

Other|

* Arguments for and against drug prohibition
* Cannabis rights
* Capital punishment for drug trafficking
* Cognitive liberty
* Designer drug
* Drug court
* Drug possession
* Drug test
* Narc
* Politics of drug abuse
* War on drugs
* Mexican drug war
* Plan Colombia
* Philippine drug war
* Zero tolerance

Other

| Drug
production
and trade|

| Drug
production|

* Coca production in Colombia
* Drug precursors
* Opium production in Afghanistan
* Rolling meth lab

|

Drug trade|

* Illegal drug trade
* Afghanistan
* Aruba
* Australia
* Bangladesh
* Belize
* Benin
* Bhutan
* Bolivia
* Brazil
* Burma
* Cambodia
* Chile
* China
* Colombia
* Costa Rica
* Cuba
* Cyprus
* Dominican Republic
* El Salvador
* Estonia
* Finland
* Germany
* Haiti
* Honduras
* India
* Indian Ocean region
* Iran
* Italy
* Japan
* Kenya
* Kosovo
* Kyrgyzstan
* Laos
* Latin America
* Latvia
* Malaysia
* Mauritius
* Moldova
* Nigeria
* Norway
* Oman
* Panama
* Papua New Guinea
* Paraguay
* Philippines
* Poland
* Portugal
* Puerto Rico
* Russia
* Saint Kitts and Nevis
* Seychelles
* Slovakia
* South Africa
* South Korea
* Spain
* Suriname
* Switzerland
* Taiwan
* Thailand
* Turkey
* Turks and Caicos Islands
* United Arab Emirates
* United States
* Venezuela
* Darknet market
* Pharmaceutical distribution
* Beer shop
* Cannabis shop
* Liquor store
* Liquor license

Issues with
drug use|

* Abuse
* Addiction
* Date rape drug
* Dependence
* Driving impaired
* Drug harmfulness
* Effects of cannabis
* Drug-related crime
* Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder
* Long-term effects of cannabis
* Neurotoxicity
* Overdose
* Passive smoking
* of tobacco or other substances

Harm reduction|

* Drug checking
* Drug legalization
* Drug rehabilitation
* Needle and syringe programmes
* Opioid replacement therapy
* Pharmacovigilance
* Reagent testing
* Regulation of therapeutic goods
* Responsible drug use
* Substance abuse prevention
* Supervised injection site

Countries by
drug use|

* Alcohol consumption
* Cocaine use
* Cannabis
* Annual use
* Lifetime use
* Opiates use
* Tobacco consumption

* v
* t
* e

Lists of countries by laws and law enforcement rankings

Age of|

* Candidacy for political office
* Consent
* Criminal responsibility
* Drinking
* Driving
* Majority
* Marriage
* in the US
* Retirement
* Mandatory retirement
* School-leaving
* in the US
* Voting
* Suffrage
* Youth suffrage
* Working

Drugs and
alcohol|

* Drug and precursor laws by country or territory
* Alcohol
* Alcohol consumption
* Bath salts
* Legal status of Mephedrone
* Legal status of Methylone
* Legal status of MPDV
* Cocaine use
* Legality
* Methamphetamine
* Legality
* Opiate use
* Psychedelics
* Amanita mushroom
* Legality
* Ayahuasca
* Legality
* Cannabis
* Legality
* Annual use
* Lifetime use
* Ibogaine
* Legality
* LSD
* Legality
* Psilocybin mushroom
* Legality
* Salvia divinorum
* Legality

Death|

* Legality of euthanasia
* Law enforcement killings
* Legality of suicide
* Legality of assisted suicide

Guns|

* Deaths
* Households
* Laws
* Ownership

Punishment|

* Death penalty
* Incarceration
* Life imprisonment

Policing|

*     * Prisoner abuse
* Size of police forces

Obscenity|

* Incest
* Laws
* Pornography
* Child pornography
* Fictional pornography depicting minors
* Simulated child pornography
* Internet pornography
* Prostitution
* Sex trafficking
* Sexual assault
* Child sexual abuse
* Rape
* Sodomy law

Reproduction|

* Abortion law
* Minors and abortion
* Adoption law
* International adoption
* Human cloning
* Sterilization
* Surrogacy

Censorship|

* Censorship by country
* Book censorship
* by country
* Cartographic censorship
* Film censorship
* by country
* Internet censorship
* by country
* Censorship of LGBT issues
* Political censorship
* Television censorship
* by country
* Video gaming censorship
* by country

Human rights|

* Children's rights
* Children in the military
* Intersex rights
* Same-sex marriage
* Human trafficking

Freedom of movement|

* By country
* In the air
* Abode

Property and
environment|

* Air
* Estate
* Land
* Minerals
* Mining
* Mortgage
* Water
* Riparian water

Business|

* Competition
* Mergers and acquisitions
* Monopoly
* Corporate
* Corporate liability
* Legality of cryptocurrency

Violence|

* Corporal punishment
* At home
* At school
* In court
* LGBT rights
* Police brutality
* Smoking
* Alcohol law
* Murder
* Slavery

International
ownership|

* International waters
* Admiralty law
* UN Convention on the Law of the Sea
* Antarctic Treaty System
* World Intellectual Property Organization
* World Intellectual Property Indicators
* Foreign ownership
* International copyright treaties

Other|

* Animal rights
* Immigration law
* National legal systems
* Religious law
* Separation of church and state
* Sharia
* World Justice Project

* List of international rankings
* Lists by country

*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template