Li Zhaoxing

Chinese diplomat and politician

In this Chinese name, the family name is  Li.

Li Zhaoxing

李肇星

Li in 2005

9th Minister of Foreign Affairs
In office
17 March 2003 – 27 April 2007
Premier| Wen Jiabao
Preceded by| Tang Jiaxuan
Succeeded by| Yang Jiechi
Vice Minister of Foreign Affairs
In office
2001–2003
Minister| Tang Jiaxuan
In office
1995–1998
Minister| Qian Qichen
Chinese Ambassador to the United States
In office
11 March 1998 – 30 January 2001
Preceded by| Li Daoyu
Succeeded by| Yang Jiechi
Permanent Representative of China to the United Nations
In office
March 1993 – May 1995
Preceded by| Li Daoyu
Succeeded by| Qin Huasun
Personal details
Born|  (1940-10-20) 20 October 1940 (age 84)
Jiaonan, Shandong, Japanese-occupied China
(now Huangdao, Shandong, China)
Political party| Chinese Communist Party
Spouse| Qin Xiaomei
Children| Li Hehe (son)
Relatives| Qin Feng (niece-in-law)
Alma mater| Peking University

Li Zhaoxing (Chinese: 李肇星; pinyin: Lǐ Zhàoxīng; born 20 October 1940) is a Chinese diplomat and politician who served as Minister of Foreign Affairs of China from 2003 to 2007. He previously served as Ambassador of China to the United States from 1998 to 2001, Permanent Representative of China to the United Nations from 1993 to 1995, and deputy director and director of information department at Ministry of Foreign Affairs from 1985 to 1993.

## Early life

[edit]

Li was born in Jiaonan County in Qingdao, Shandong. He studied at the Department of Western Languages at Peking University and after graduation in 1964, he was selected to study at Beijing Foreign Studies University. After graduation, he entered the Chinese People's Institute of Foreign Affairs. Following the start of Cultural Revolution, he was forced to drop out of the institute and work in cadre schools and farms in Shanxi, Jiangxi, Hunan, Hebei and Guangdong Provinces. During his time in Guangdong, he experienced Typhoon Viola in 1969.[1][2]

## Early career (1970–2001)

[edit]

After being reinstated into the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China in 1970, he was assigned as a staff and attaché with the Chinese Embassy in Kenya. In 1977, he was appointed as staff member and deputy director of the Information Department within the ministry, serving until 1983. From 1983 to 1985, he served as a first secretary at the Embassy of China in the Kingdom of Lesotho. Li considered his diplomatic work in Africa as "may be the most energetic days and months in my life."[1][3]

Li returned to China in 1985 and served successively as deputy director, director and spokesperson of the Information Department in the ministry. In 1990, he was promoted to Assistant Minister of Foreign Affairs and in 1993, he was appointed as Permanent Representative of China to the United Nations. Two years later, he was promoted to Vice Foreign Minister. In 1998, he was appointed as Chinese Ambassador to the United States. During his tenure as ambassador, the relations between China and the United States were strained heavily during the NATO bombing of Yugoslavia when the Chinese embassy in Belgrade, Yugoslavia, was bombed by the United States during the NATO bombing on 7 May 1999, killing three Chinese nationals. In response to incident, Li called the incident as an "horrifying atrocity" and demanded that NATO investigate the incident. On 13 May, after President of the United States Bill Clinton issued a public apology for the incident, Li was present at the Oval Office in the White House when Clinton signed the official condolence book. Following the end of his tenure as ambassador in 2001, the Mayor of Washington D.C. Anthony A. Williams declared 29 January 2001, which was Li's last day in office as ambassador, as "Li Zhaoxing Day", in recognition of Li's efforts in fostering China-United States relations.[1][4][5]

In 2001, following his return from the United States, Li was appointed as Vice-Minister. In April 2001, in response to U.S. arms sale to Taiwan, Li said that the "Chinese side strongly urges the U.S. side to recognize the serious, harmful and dangerous nature of U.S. arms sales to Taiwan." On the same month, when asked about the return of the U.S. Navy P-3 Orion surveillance aircraft which made emergency landing on Hainan Island during the Hainan Island incident, he stated that "if we allow such a military plane, which had a mission of spying on China, to be flown back out of China, that will further hurt the dignity and sentiments of the Chinese people." Eventually, the Chinese allowed the aircraft to be returned back to the United States in July 2001.[1][6][7][8]

## Foreign minister (2003–2007)

[edit]

Li meeting with U.S. Secretary of State Colin Powell (2004) Li meeting with the Minister of External Affairs of India Natwar Singh and Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov in Vladivostok, Russia (2005)

The National People's Congress appointed Li as the new Minister of Foreign Affairs on 16 March 2003, succeeding Tang Jiaxuan.[9] On the same day after being made the Minister of Foreign Affairs, the threat of military action against Iraq by the United States and United Kingdom loomed. As a result, Li made a last-ditch effort to avoid the war from happening by urging peaceful resolution by in phone calls to American, British and Russian officials, stating that the "common wish of the international community is for peace instead of war." On 18 March, Li reiterated that "that a war against Iraq can be avoided and the crisis can be solved within the U.N. framework by political means." When the war began on 20 March, the Chinese Foreign Ministry issued a statement on the "political settlement of the Iraq issue within the UN framework, urging the Iraqi Government to fully and earnestly implement relevant Security Council resolutions and calling for respect for Iraq's sovereignty and territorial integrity by the international community" and "war will inevitably lead to humanitarian disasters and undermine the security, stability and development of the region and the world at large." On 24 March, in a phone call with Russian Foreign Minister Igor Ivanov, Li appealed for cessation of military operations and expressed concern of the humanitarian catastrophe caused by the war.[10][11][12][13]

Li met with North Korean leader Kim Jong Il in Pyongyang, North Korea in March 2004, as part of international diplomacy in dealing with North Korea's nuclear weapons programme.[14] In April 2005, following the outbreak of 2005 anti-Japanese demonstrations in China in response to the approval of a Japanese history textbook and the proposal that Japan be granted a permanent seat on the United Nations Security Council, Li met with Japanese Foreign Minister Nobutaka Machimura in Beijing. During the meeting, Li stated the "Chinese government has never done anything for which it has to apologise to the Japanese people" and "the main problem now is the Japanese government has done a series of things that have hurt the feelings of the Chinese people, on the Taiwan issue, some international issues including human rights and especially in its treatment of history."[15][16]

In August 2007, following Taiwanese President Chen Shui-bian's advocacy of Taiwanese independence, Li said to a group of Taiwanese journalists at a press briefing to not to listen to "local [Taiwanese] leaders" and that "whoever wants to split away will become a criminal in history."[17]

He stepped down as Minister of Foreign Affairs in April 2007 and was succeeded by Yang Jiechi. According to leaked US embassy cables, it was alleged that then Chinese President Hu Jintao had Li fired following Hu's 2006 visit to the United States which saw numerous debacles such as no state dinner at the White House, lack of national flags flying between the Blair House and the White House, the presence of Falun Gong protestor at the White House lawn and the national anthem of the People's Republic of China referred as the anthem of the Republic of China.[18][19]

During his 40 year tenure in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Li published over 200 poems and was nicknamed "poet minister".[20][5] However, due to his firm stance on the Taiwan issue, coupled with his striking personal image, some people have referred to him as "the minister with a bad temper". Some Taiwanese media considered his rhetoric to be arrogant and in some diplomatic circles, he was often seen as lacking in diplomatic demeanor, with some even referring to him as the "Red Guard Ambassador" or the "Fighting Cock".[21]

## Later career

[edit]

Li meeting with Latvian politician and Speaker of the Saeima Gundars Daudze (2011)

After stepping down as Minister of Foreign Affairs, Li was appointed as chairman of the Foreign Affairs Committee of the National People's Congress and a member of the 11th National People's Congress in 2008. He retired in March 2013.[22][23] He was initially appointed as one of the Elders but chose not to continue with the role. He served as a professor at Peking University.[24][25]

Li was appointed as the president of China Public Diplomacy Association in 2012, a position he would serve till 2019.[5][26] On 5 March 2012, at a press conference of the National People's Congress, Li stated that China does not have direct elections as China is too big and some places have inconvenient transportation so direct elections are inconvenient. He was ridiculed for his comments by netizens.[27]

In January 2022, he joined the Chinese video platform Bilibili. In his first video published in the platform, he spoke of his life and diplomatic experiences, and concluded the video by remarking a quote made by Confucius: "When I walk with two others, they may serve as my teachers."[28] Li was the Chinese representative for the 7th China–Australia High-Level Dialogue held in Beijing in September 2023, the first such summit in three years.[29]

## Personal life

[edit]

Li is married to Qin Xiaomei, who also served as a diplomat. Qin's father served a secretary to former President of China Liu Shaoqi and as head of the Consular Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Li's son Li Hehe is a graduate of Harvard University and University of Pennsylvania who founded a network which exclusively handles queries of China's CET-4 and CET-6 exam scores.[30][31][32]

His niece-in-law Qin Feng worked as a reporter for Phoenix Television and has interviewed Chinese politicians.[33]

## Awards

[edit]

* Central African Republic:
* Grand Officer of the Order of Central African Merit (6 January 2007)[34]

* Mexico:
* Sash of the Order of the Aztec Eagle (16 November 2006)[35]

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b c d "Li Zhaoxing". www.fmprc.gov.cn. Retrieved 19 November 2022.
2. ^ "李肇星：写一本说真话的书". cpcnews. 19 December 2013. Retrieved 10 April 2024.
3. ^ "李肇星". China Daily. 15 September 2011. Retrieved 10 April 2024.
4. ^ "Will protest in China go amok?". Deseret News. 10 May 1999. Retrieved 10 April 2024.
5. ^ a b c Bwambale, Taddeo (19 August 2024). "Li Zhaoxing: China's 'poetic-diplomat'". People's Daily. Retrieved 10 April 2024.
6. ^ "China warns of 'dangerous path' in arms sales". CNN. 25 April 2011. Retrieved 10 April 2024.
7. ^ Chandler, Mark (10 May 2001). "China Said to Fear Reaction If Plane Is Released". The New York Times. Retrieved 10 April 2024.
8. ^ "EP-3 Collision, Crew Detainment, Release, and Homecoming". Naval History and Heritage Command. 10 May 2001. Retrieved 10 April 2024.
9. ^ Kahn, Joseph (17 March 2003). "New Leaders Named by China, Capping Wide Transition". The New York Times. Retrieved 10 April 2024.
10. ^ Olesen, Alexa (16 March 2003). "Chinese Premier Tries to Avert Iraq War". Midland Daily News. Retrieved 10 April 2024.
11. ^ "China's Position on the US War in Iraq". Permanent Mission of the People's Republic of China to the UN. 26 March 2003. Retrieved 10 April 2024.
12. ^ "China says peace still possible". CNN. 18 March 2003. Retrieved 10 April 2024.
13. ^ Wo-Lap Lam, Willy (24 March 2003). "China calls for end to war". CNN. Retrieved 10 April 2024.
14. ^ "Chinese Foreign Minister Meets with North Korean Leader". Voice of America. 29 October 2009. Retrieved 10 April 2024.
15. ^ Xinhua (18 April 2005). "China tells Japan: Take 'concrete actions' on history". China Daily. Retrieved 10 April 2024.
16. ^ "China rejects Japan apology demand". Al Jazeera. 17 April 2005. Retrieved 10 April 2024.
17. ^ Buckley, Christ; Jennings, Ralph (10 August 2007). "China slams independence talk from Taiwan". Reuters. Retrieved 10 April 2024.
18. ^ Walker, Peter (27 April 2007). "China appoints new foreign minister". The Guardian. Retrieved 10 April 2024.
19. ^ "Hu's anger over 2006 US trip sees official fired". South China Morning Post. 25 January 2011. Retrieved 10 April 2024.
20. ^ "李肇星：出身青岛农家爱好写诗 富贵不忘本". .scio.gov.cn. 1 March 2010. Retrieved 10 April 2024.
21. ^ Wu, Suli (10 November 2001). "Red Guards don't die; they become diplomats". Taipei Times. Retrieved 10 April 2024.
22. ^ "十一届全国人大三次会议大会发言人为李肇星". Sina. 4 March 2010. Retrieved 10 April 2024.
23. ^ ""铁嘴"李肇星退休倒计时 赠陈毅诗选勉励记者". Xinhua. 8 March 2013. Retrieved 10 April 2024.
24. ^ "Li Zhaoxing 李肇星". chinavitae.com.
25. ^ "Mandela unveils 'council of elders'". Al Jazeera. 19 July 2007. Retrieved 10 April 2024.
26. ^ "资深外交官吴海龙已经正式出任中国公共外交协会会长". The Paper. 13 October 2019. Retrieved 10 April 2024.
27. ^ "交通不便直选难 乌坎模式前路艰". Voice of America. 5 March 2012. Retrieved 10 April 2024.
28. ^ Li, Qian (6 January 2022). "Former foreign minister 'who loves life' interacts with young Chinese on Bilibili". Shanghai Daily. Retrieved 10 April 2024.
29. ^ Wu, Huizhong (7 September 2023). "Australia and China open their first high-level dialogue in 3 years in a sign of a slight thaw". Associated Press. Retrieved 8 September 2023.
30. ^ "秦小梅". fcollege.nankai.edu.cn. Retrieved 10 April 2024.
31. ^ "李禾禾是谁？父亲是前外交部长李肇星，岳父系著名歌唱家阎维文". Sohu. 26 November 2023. Retrieved 10 April 2024.
32. ^ "党员风范：从抗日战士到外交官的秦力真". Sohu. 12 January 2023. Retrieved 10 April 2024.
33. ^ "香港著名记者秦枫：喜欢采访有"个性"的领导人". People's Daily. 8 November 2012. Retrieved 10 April 2024.
34. ^ "中非总统会见李肇星 授予李外长中非大军官勋章". China News. 6 January 2007. Retrieved 10 April 2024.
35. ^ "ACUERDO por el que se otorga al Excelentísimo señor Li Zhaoxing, Ministro de Relaciones Exteriores de la República Popular China, la Condecoración de la Orden Mexicana del Aguila Azteca en el grado de Banda". dof.gob.mx. 16 November 2006. Retrieved 10 April 2024.

## External links

[edit]

* Biography, China Vitae
* Biography, China Today
* Appearances on C-SPAN

Diplomatic posts

Preceded by

Li Daoyu

|  Ambassador of China to the United Nations
1993–1995  | Succeeded by

Qin Huasun

Ambassador of China to the United States
1998–2001  | Succeeded by

Yang Jiechi

Political offices
Preceded by

Tang Jiaxuan

|  Minister of Foreign Affairs
2003–2007  | Succeeded by

Yang Jiechi

* v
* t
* e

Permanent representatives and ambassadors of China to the United Nations

Republic of China
(1946–1971)|

* Guo Taiqi
* Tsiang Tingfu
* Liu Chieh

People's Republic of China
(1971–present)|

* Huang Hua
* Chen Chu
* Ling Qing
* Li Luye
* Li Daoyu
* Li Zhaoxing
* Qin Huasun
* Wang Yingfan
* Wang Guangya
* Zhang Yesui
* Li Baodong
* Liu Jieyi
* Ma Zhaoxu
* Zhang Jun
* Fu Cong

* v
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* e

Ambassador of China to the United States

Qing minister
1875–1912|

* Chen Lanbin 1875–81
* Cheng Tsao-Ju 1881–85
* Zhang Yinhuan 1885–89
* Tsui Kwo Yin 1889–93
* Yang Yü 1893–96
* Wu Tingfang 1896–1902
* Liang Cheng 1902–07
* Wu Tingfang 1907–09
* Zhang Yintang 1909–11
* Alfred Sao-ke Sze 1911–12

Republic of China
Envoy
1912–35|

* Zhang Yintang 1912–13
* Xia Xiefu 1913–15
* V. K. Wellington Koo 1915–20
* Alfred Sao-ke Sze 1920–29
* Wu Chaoshu 1929–31
* Yan Huiqing 1931–33
* Alfred Sao-ke Sze 1933–35

Republic of China
Ambassador
1935–79|

* Alfred Sao-ke Sze 1935–36
* Chengting T. Wang 1936–38
* Hu Shih 1938–42
* Wei Tao-ming 1942–46
* Wellington Koo 1946–56
* Hollington Tong 1956–58
* George Yeh 1958–61
* Tsiang Tingfu 1961–65
* Zhou Shukai 1965–71
* James Shen 1971–79

People's Republic of China
Liaison Office Chief
1973–79|

* Huang Zhen 1973–77
* Chai Zemin 1978–79

People's Republic of China
Ambassador
1979–present|

* Chai Zemin 1979–82
* Zhang Wenjin 1983–85
* Han Xu 1985–89
* Zhu Qizhen 1989–93
* Li Daoyu 1993–98
* Li Zhaoxing 1998–2001
* Yang Jiechi 2001–05
* Zhou Wenzhong 2005–10
* Zhang Yesui 2010–13
* Cui Tiankai 2013–21
* Qin Gang 2021–23
* Xie Feng 2023-present

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* e

Ministers of foreign affairs of the People's Republic of China

1. Zhou Enlai
2. Chen Yi
3. Ji Pengfei
4. Qiao Guanhua
5. Huang Hua
6. Wu Xueqian
7. Qian Qichen
8. Tang Jiaxuan
9. Li Zhaoxing
10. Yang Jiechi
11. Wang Yi
12. Qin Gang
13. Wang Yi

* v
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* e

The Elders

Chair|

* Juan Manuel Santos

Deputy Chairs|

* Ban Ki-moon
* Graça Machel

Members|

* Gro Harlem Brundtland
* Helen Clark
* Elbegdorj Tsakhia
* Zeid Ra'ad Al Hussein
* Hina Jilani
* Ellen Johnson Sirleaf
* Denis Mukwege
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* Ernesto Zedillo

Former Members|

* Martti Ahtisaari
* Kofi Annan (former chair)
* Ela Bhatt
* Lakhdar Brahimi
* Fernando Henrique Cardoso
* Jimmy Carter
* Ricardo Lagos
* Nelson Mandela (founder)
* Aung San Suu Kyi
* Desmond Tutu (former chair)
* Muhammad Yunus
* Li Zhaoxing

Initiators|

* Peter Gabriel
* Richard Branson

Songs|

* Live and Let Live

Authority control databases

International|

* ISNI
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* WorldCat

National|

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