List of African-American activists

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Part of a series on

African Americans

History

|  Periods

* Timeline
* Atlantic slave trade
* Abolitionism in the United States
* Slavery in the colonial history of the US
* Revolutionary War
* Antebellum period
* Slavery and military history during the Civil War
* Reconstruction era
* Politicians
* Juneteenth
* Civil rights movement (1865–1896)
* Jim Crow era (1896–1954)
* Civil rights movement (1954–1968)
* Black power movement
* Post–civil rights era

Aspects

* Agriculture history
* Black Belt in the American South
* Business history
* Military history
* Treatment of the enslaved

Migrations

* Great Migration
* Second Great Migration
* New Great Migration

Culture

|  Lifeways

* Dance
* Family structure
* Film
* Folktales
* Music
* Musical theater
* Names
* Neighborhoods
* Newspapers
* Soul food

Schools

* Education during the slave period in the US
* Education of freed people during the Civil War
* History of African-American education, after the Civil War
* Historically black colleges and universities
* Fraternities

Academic study

* Studies
* Art
* Literature

Celebrations

* Martin Luther King Jr. Day
* Black History Month
* Juneteenth
* Kwanzaa

Economic class

* African-American businesses
* Middle class
* Upper class
* Billionaires

Symbols and ideas

* African-American beauty
* Black is beautiful
* Black pride
* African-American hair
* Good hair
* Stepping
* "Lift Every Voice and Sing"
* Self-determination

Religion

|  Institutions

* Black church

Theologies

* Black theology
* Womanist theology

Non-Christian groups

* Hoodoo
* Black Hebrew Israelites
* African-American Jews
* African-American Muslims
* Nation of Islam
* Louisiana Voodoo
* African Diaspora Religions

Politics

|  Organizations

* Congressional Black Caucus
* Joint Center
* National Black Caucus of State Legislators
* National Conference of Black Mayors

Ideologies

* Afrocentrism
* Anarchism
* Back-to-Africa movement
* Black power
* Capitalism
* Conservatism
* Garveyism
* Leftism
* Liberalism
* Nationalism
* Pan-Africanism
* Patriotism
* Populism
* Socialism

Civic/economic groups

|  Organizations

* Association for the Study of African
American Life and History
* Black conductors
* NAACP
* National Black Chamber of Commerce
* National Council of Negro Women
* National Pan-Hellenic Council
* National Urban League
* TransAfrica
* UNCF

Sports

* Negro league baseball

Athletic associations and conferences

* Central (CIAA)
* HBCU (HBCUAC)
* Mid-Eastern (MEAC)
* Southern (SIAC)
* Southwestern (SWAC)

Sub-communities

|  Multiethnic

* African-American Jews
* Afro-Puerto Ricans
* Alabama Creole people
* Black Indians
* Black Seminoles
* Mascogos
* Blaxicans
* Brass Ankles
* Creoles of color
* Dominickers
* Freedmen
* Great Dismal Swamp maroons
* Melungeon
* Carmel Indians
* Redbone

Specific ancestries

* Americo-Liberians
* Creek Freedmen
* Gullah
* Merikins
* Nova Scotians
* Samaná Americans
* Sierra Leone Creole

Sexual orientation

* LGBT community

Dialects and languages

|  English dialects

* African-American English
* African-American Vernacular English
* Liberian English
* Samaná English
* Tutnese

Languages and other dialects

* Gullah
* Afro-Seminole Creole
* Negro Dutch
* Black American Sign Language

Population

|  US states

* Alabama
* Arkansas
* California
* Florida
* Georgia
* Illinois
* Indiana
* Iowa
* Kansas
* Louisiana
* Maryland
* Mississippi
* Nebraska
* New York
* North Carolina
* Ohio
* Oklahoma
* Oregon
* South Carolina
* Tennessee
* Texas
* Utah
* Virginia

US cities

* Black mecca
* List of neighborhoods
* Atlanta
* Baltimore
* Boston
* Chicago
* Dallas-Fort Worth
* Davenport
* Detroit
* Houston
* Jacksonville
* Kentucky
* Lexington
* Los Angeles
* New York City
* Omaha
* Philadelphia
* San Antonio
* San Francisco

Historic places

* District of Columbia
* Florida
* Georgia
* Mississippi
* Missouri
* Omaha, Nebraska
* North Carolina
* South Carolina
* Texas
* West Virginia

Population count

* US states and territories
* US metropolitan areas
* US cities
* US communities
* Places by plurality of population

Diaspora

* Africa
* Canada
* France
* Ghana
* Israel
* Liberia
* Nova Scotia
* Sierra Leone

Prejudice

|  Racism

* Black genocide
* Race and ethnicity in the US census
* Racism against Black Americans
* Reparations for slavery
* School segregation in the US
* Unarmed African Americans killed by police officers

Stereotypes and media depictions

* Blackface
* Criminal stereotypes
* Hollywood
* Magical Negro
* Minstrel show

* United States portal
* Category
* Index

* v
* t
* e

This is a list of African-American activists[1] covering various areas of activism, but primarily focus on those African Americans who historically and currently have been fighting racism and racial injustice against African Americans. The United States of America has a long history of racism against its Black citizens.[2] The names detailed below contains only notable African Americans who are known to be activist (sorted by surname).

## List of activists

[edit]

Contents

* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
* Q
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* W
* X
* Y
* Z

Martin Luther King Ralph Abernathy Maya Angelou James Baldwin Marion Barry James Bevel Ralph Bunche Shirley Chisholm Fannie Lou Hamer Jesse Jackson Martin Luther King Jr. John Lewis Thurgood Marshall James Meredith Rosa Parks Bayard Rustin Malcolm X Andrew Young

### A

[edit]

* Ralph Abernathy, civil rights activist and minister[3]
* Muhammad Ali, civil rights activist
* Naomi Anderson, civil and women's rights activist[4]
* Maya Angelou, civil rights activist, writer, poet

### B

[edit]

* Ella Baker, civil rights activist
* James Baldwin, civil rights activist, novelist, playwright[5]
* Marion Barry, civil rights activist, politician
* Daisy Bates, civil rights activist, publisher, journalist, lecturer
* Carl Bean, AIDS/HIV and LGBT activist and minister
* Arekia Bennett, voting rights activist
* Mary McLeod Bethune, civil rights activist, educator
* James Bevel, minister, leader of the civil rights movement
* Sojourner Truth, civil rights activist
* Gloria Blackwell, civil rights activist, educator
* Unita Blackwell, civil rights activist
* W. E. B. Du Bois, civil rights activist
* Julian Bond, civil rights activist, professor and writer
* Lillie Mae Bradford, civil rights activist
* Ruby Bridges, civil rights activist
* Aurelia Browder, civil rights activist[6]
* Ralph Bunche, civil rights activist, scientist, academic, diplomat
* Nannie Helen Burroughs, civil and women's rights activist, educator, religious leader and businesswoman[7]

### C

[edit]

* Melanie L. Campbell, voting rights activist
* Beatrice Morrow Cannady, civil rights activist, publisher
* Archibald Carey Jr., civil rights activist, lawyer, judge, politician, diplomat and clergyman[8]
* Bunchy Carter, civil rights activist
* Christine Michel Carter, advocate for caregivers, specifically working mothers[9]
* Jeannette Carter (1886–1964), lawyer, labor organizer, and suffragist
* Julius L. Chambers, civil rights activist
* Fannie Lee Chaney, civil rights activist
* James Chaney, civil rights activist
* Shirley Chisholm, civil rights activist, educator
* Xernona Clayton, civil rights activist
* Septima Poinsette Clark, civil rights activist, educator
* Eldridge Cleaver, civil rights activist
* Kathleen Cleaver, civil rights activist
* Charles E. Cobb Jr., civil rights activist, journalist, professor
* John Conyers, civil rights activist
* Vivian E. J. Cook, educator and activist
* Marvel Cooke, civil rights activist
* Annie Lee Cooper, civil rights activist
* Dorothy Cotton, civil rights activist
* Claudette Colvin, civil rights activist, nurse[10]
* Anna J. Cooper, civil and women's rights activist, author, educator, sociologist, scholar[11]
* John Anthony Copeland Jr., abolitionist
* Patrisse Cullors, civil rights activist, co-founder of the Black Lives Matter movement[12][13][14]
* Elijah Cummings, civil rights advocate

### D

[edit]

* Angela Davis, civil rights activist, academic, and author[15]
* Ossie Davis, civil rights activist
* William L. Dawson, civil rights activist, politician
* Ruby Dee, civil rights activist
* Doris Derby, civil rights activist, photographer
* Charles Diggs, civil rights activist[16]
* Frederick Douglass, abolitionist, black rights activist, women's rights activist, organizer[17] – February 20, 1895[18]
* W. E. B. Du Bois, activist, writer, founder of NAACP

### E

[edit]

* Marian Wright Edelman, civil rights activist
* Soffiyah Eliijah, activist for prisoner rights
* Ruth Ellis, LGBT rights activist
* Keith Ellison, politician
* Theresa El-Amin, civil rights activist and union organizer[19]
* Charles Evers, civil rights activist
* Medgar Evers, civil rights activist
* Myrlie Evers-Williams, civil rights activist

### F

[edit]

* David Fagen, civil rights and labor activist[20]
* James L. Farmer Jr., civil rights activist
* Walter E. Fauntroy, civil rights activist
* Sarah Mae Flemming, civil rights activist
* James Forman, civil rights activist
* Aretha Franklin, civil rights activist
* C. L. Franklin, civil rights activist, minister
* Elizabeth Freeman, first former slave to win a freedom suit in Massachusetts
* Frankie Muse Freeman, civil rights activist, attorney

### G

[edit]

* Erica Garner, civil rights and Black Lives Matter activist[21]
* Alicia Garza, co-founder of the Black Lives Matter movement
* Ernest Green, civil rights activist, part of the Little Rock Nine
* Fred Gray, civil rights lawyer
* Shields Green, abolitionist
* Dick Gregory, civil rights activist
* Vicki Garvin, civil rights activist

### H

[edit]

* Vincent Harding, civil rights activist, historian
* Craig G. Harris, HIV/AIDS and LGBT activist, writer, poet
* Curtis W. Harris, civil rights activist, minister, politician
* Fannie Lou Hamer, civil rights activist
* Fred Hampton, civil rights activist
* Lorraine Hansberry, civil rights activist, playwright, author
* Frances Harper, abolitionist and women's rights activist
* Robert Hayling, civil rights activist, dentist
* Lola Hendricks, civil rights activist, secretary
* Aaron Henry, civil rights activist, politician
* Dorothy Height, educator and civil rights activist
* Benjamin Hooks, civil rights activist, minister, attorney
* Lena Horne, civil rights activist
* Elbert Howard, civil rights activist
* T. R. M. Howard, civil rights leader, entrepreneur, surgeon
* Langston Hughes, civil rights activist, poet, social activist, novelist, playwright, and columnist
* Bobby Hutton, civil rights activist
* Nipsey Hussle, community activist

### I

[edit]

* Rizza Islam, civil rights activist, member of the Nation of Islam

### J

[edit]

* George Jackson, civil rights activist, author
* Jesse Jackson, civil rights activist
* Jimmie Lee Jackson, civil rights activist
* Mahalia Jackson, civil rights activist
* Marsha P. Johnson, civil rights activist
* Richie Jean Jackson, civil rights activist, author, teacher
* T. J. Jemison, civil rights activist, minister
* James Weldon Johnson, writer of Black National Anthem
* Alberta Odell Jones, civil rights lawyer
* Clarence B. Jones, civil rights activist
* Quincy Jones, civil rights activist
* Barbara Jordan, civil rights activist
* Vernon Jordan, civil rights activist

### K

[edit]

* Colin Kaepernick, BLM activist, former football player
* Sarah Louise Keys, civil rights activist
* Nupol Kiazolu, civil rights and homelessness activist
* A. D. King, civil rights activist
* Alveda King, civil rights activist, author, politician
* Bernice King, civil rights activist, minister
* Coretta Scott King, civil rights activist
* Dexter King, civil rights activist
* Martin Luther King III, civil rights activist
* Martin Luther King Jr., civil rights leader and pastor
* Martin Luther King Sr., civil rights leader, pastor and missionary
* Alberta Williams King, civil rights activist
* Yolanda King, civil rights activist
* Eartha Kitt, civil rights activist

### L

[edit]

* Bernard Lafayette, civil rights activist, organizer
* Sarah Willie Layton, suffragist, civil rights activist
* James Lawson, civil rights activist, professor
* John Lewis, congressman, Nashville Student Movement, organizer
* Audre Lorde, civil rights activist, feminist, poet, author
* Joseph Lowery, civil rights activist and minister
* Julius Lester, civil rights activist, author, professor
* Conrad Lynn, civil rights activist, lawyer

### M

[edit]

* Thurgood Marshall, civil rights activist, lawyer, judge
* Benjamin Mays, civil rights activist, minister
* Franklin McCain, civil rights activist
* DeRay Mckesson, civil rights activist, podcaster
* Floyd McKissick, civil rights activist, lawyer
* John Berry Meachum, civil rights activist, educatior, religious leader, involved in the Underground Railroad[22]
* James Meredith, civil rights figure, writer, political adviser
* Anne Moody, civil rights activist, author
* Harry T. Moore, civil rights activist, educator
* Harriette Moore, civil rights worker, educator
* Amzie Moore, civil rights leader, entrepreneur
* Irene Morgan, anti-segregation activist
* Bob Moses, civil rights activist, educator
* Elijah Muhammad, civil rights leader
* Khalid Abdul Muhammad, black nationalist leader, minister
* Pauli Murray, civil rights activist, lawyer, author, priest

### N

[edit]

* Diane Nash, civil rights activist
* Dangerfield Newby, abolitionist
* Huey P. Newton, civil rights activist
* Bree Newsome, activist, filmmaker
* Denise Nicholas, civil rights activist
* Nellie B. Nicholson, suffragist
* E. D. Nixon, civil rights activist, NCAAP official

### O

[edit]

* James Orange, civil rights activist
* Sarah Massey Overton, women's rights activist

### P

[edit]

* Rosa Parks, activist, NCAAP official, Montgomery Bus Boycott inspiration[23]
* Lucy Parsons, activist, labor organizer
* James Peck, civil rights activist
* William Pleasant, Jr., civil rights activist
* Adam Clayton Powell Jr., civil rights activist, pastor
* Gloria Johnson-Powell, civil rights activist
* Elizabeth Piper Ensley, educator and suffragist
* Jewel Prestage, activist, political scientist

### R

[edit]

* Lincoln Ragsdale, civil rights activist, aviator
* A. Philip Randolph, civil rights activist
* Emma J. Ray, civil rights and social activist, suffragist
* George Raymond, civil rights activist
* George Raymond Jr., civil rights activist
* Frederick D. Reese, civil rights activist, educator, minister
* Gloria Richardson, civil rights activist
* David Richmond, civil rights activist
* Paul Robeson, civil rights activist
* Amelia Boynton Robinson, civil rights activist
* Jackie Robinson, civil rights activist
* Jo Ann Robinson, civil rights activist
* Bayard Rustin, civil rights activist
* Josephine St. Pierre Ruffin, civil rights activist

### S

[edit]

* Bobby Seale, political activist and author
* Cleveland Sellers, civil rights activist, educator
* Betty Shabazz, civil rights activist
* Al Sharpton, civil rights activist, minister
* Mary Ann Shadd, anti-slavery activist, journalist, lawyer
* Al Sharpton, civil rights and social justice activist
* Charles Sherrod, civil rights activist, minister
* Fred Shuttlesworth, civil rights activist
* Mary Louise Smith, civil rights activist
* Nina Simone, civil rights activist
* Mavis Staples, civil rights activist
* Marion Stamps, civil rights and housing rights activist
* Charles Kenzie Steele, civil rights activist
* Charles Steele Jr., civil rights activist, politician
* Bryan Stevenson, criminal justice reform activist

### T

[edit]

* Sojourner Truth, abolitionist and suffragist
* Harriet Tubman, abolitionist and humanitarian
* Samuel Wilbert Tucker, civil rights activist, lawyer

### V

[edit]

* C. T. Vivian, civil rights activist, author, minister

### W

[edit]

* Madam C. J. Walker, political and social activist, entrepreneur, philanthropist
* Wyatt Tee Walker, pastor, civil rights leader
* Booker T. Washington, educator, founder of Tuskegee University[24]
* Ida B. Wells, civil rights activist, co-founder of the NAACP
* Cornel West, civil rights activist, philosopher, author, minister
* Roy Wilkins, civil rights activist
* Hosea Williams, civil rights activist, minister, businessman, philanthropist, scientist, politician
* Robert F. Williams, civil rights leader, author
* Bobby E. Wright, political activist, psychologist, scholar

### X

[edit]

* Malcolm X, human rights activist, minister

### Y

[edit]

* Andrew Young, politician, diplomat, and activist
* Whitney Young, civil rights activist
* Sammy Younge Jr., civil rights activist

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Evan F. Moore "In honor of Black History Month, here's a list of Chicagoans you should know", Chicago Sun-Times, February 1, 2019. Retrieved March 9, 2019.
2. ^ Kleinig, John, Handled with Discretion: Ethical Issues in Police Decision Making, Rowman & Littlefield (1996), p. 157, ISBN 9780847681778. Retrieved 7 March 2019.
3. ^ Bio of "Ralph David Abernathy", Frye Gaillard, University of South Alabama, March 14, 2007, (archive)
4. ^ Smith, Jessie Carney; Phelps, Shirelle, Notable Black American Women, Book 2, VNR AG (1996), p. 11, ISBN 9780810391772.
5. ^ Henneberg, Susan. James Baldwin: Groundbreaking Author and Civil Rights Activist, The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc (2014), pp. 6–8, 66, ISBN 9781477778975.
6. ^ Schwartz, Barry (June 2009). "Collective Forgetting and the Symbolic Power of Oneness: The Strange Apotheosis of Rosa Parks". Social Psychology Quarterly. 72 (2): 123–142. doi:10.1177/019027250907200204. JSTOR 25593914. S2CID 3450932.
7. ^ "Nannie Helen Burroughs papers, 1900–1963 (Library of Congress), Biographical Note (Woman's Auxiliary of the National Baptist Convention of the United States of America)". Hdl.loc.gov. 2001. Retrieved 6 March 2019.
8. ^ Dickerson, Dennis C., "The Wesleyan Witness in the US Civil Rights Movement: The Allen Legacy against 20th Century American Apartheid", 2007. Retrieved 7 March 2019.
9. ^ Carter, Christine Michel (2019-04-19). "How I Got My Employer to Acknowledge My Nursing Issue". Entrepreneur. Retrieved 2023-06-22.
10. ^ "Claudette Colvin Biography, Activist, Civil Rights Activist, Medical Professional (1939–)", Biography.com, A&E Television Networks, April 1, 2014.
11. ^ Foundations of African-American Sociology Archived 2017-03-06 at the Wayback Machine. Hampton University Department of Sociology. Hampton University. Retrieved 7 March 2017. From Melvin Barber; Leslie Innis; Emmit Hunt, African American Contributions to Sociology.
12. ^ Goldhill, Olivia (November 15, 2016). "'We can feel sad, hurt, demoralized. But we can't give up': A Black Lives Matter founder on Trump's presidency". Quartz.
13. ^ Garza, Alicia, "Herstory". Black Lives Matter. Retrieved 7 March 2019.
14. ^ Queerness on the front lines of #BlackLivesMatter. MSNBC. February 19, 2015 (video).
15. ^ "Angela Davis". CCCB. Retrieved March 9, 2019.
16. ^ Haskins, James, Distinguished African American Political and Governmental Leaders. Oryx Press (1999), p. 67. ISBN 9781573561266,
17. ^ "Frederick Douglass Biography : Journalist, Civil Rights Activist, Author, Government Official (c. 1818–1895)". Biography.com.
18. ^ "Later Years and Death", Frederick Douglass Heritage. Retrieved March 9, 2019.
19. ^ "SNCC passes the torch | The CLog". Creative Loafing Charlotte. February 29, 2008. Retrieved March 5, 2019.
20. ^ Rafael, Vicente (11 February 2007). "David Fagen (1875–?)". Black Past.
21. ^ Wang, Vivian (December 30, 2017), "Erica Garner, Activist and Daughter of Eric Garner, Dies at 27", The New York Times
22. ^ Shipley, Alberta D.; Shipley, David O. (1976). The History of Black Baptists in Missouri. Missionary Baptist State Convention of Missouri. pp. 24–25, 227.
23. ^ "Rosa Parks". www.history.com. Retrieved January 4, 2019.
24. ^ "Booker T. Washington". www.history.com. Retrieved January 4, 2019.

* v
* t
* e

African Americans

History|

* Timeline
* Abolitionism
* African American founding fathers
* Afrocentrism
* American Civil War
* Atlantic slave trade
* Black Codes
* Black cowboys
* Black genocide
* Black Lives Matter
* Brown v. Board of Education (1954)
* Children of the plantation
* Civil Rights Acts
* 1964
* Voting Rights Act of 1965
* 1968
* Civil rights movement 1865–1896
* Civil right movement 1896–1954
* Civil rights movement 1954–1968
* Montgomery bus boycott
* Browder v. Gayle (1956)
* Sit-in movement
* Freedom Riders
* Birmingham movement
* March on Washington
* Selma to Montgomery marches
* Chicago Freedom Movement
* Post–civil rights era
* Cornerstone Speech
* COVID-19 impact
* Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857)
* Free Negro
* Free people of color
* George Floyd protests
* Great Migration
* Second
* New
* Exodusters
* Inauguration of Barack Obama 2009 / Inauguration of Barack Obama 2013
* Jim Crow laws
* Lynching
* Military history
* Million Man March
* Nadir of American race relations
* The Negro Motorist Green Book
* Partus sequitur ventrem
* Plantations
* Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
* Reconstruction Amendments
* Reconstruction era
* Redlining
* Separate but equal
* Silent Parade
* Slavery
* Treatment of slaves
* Tulsa race massacre
* Underground Railroad
* Women's suffrage movement

Culture|

* Afrofuturism
* Art
* Black mecca
* Businesses
* Dance
* Family structure
* Film
* Folktales
* Hair
* Harlem Renaissance
* New Negro
* Hoodoo
* Juneteenth
* Kwanzaa
* LGBT community
* Literature
* Music
* Musical theater
* Names
* Negro National Anthem
* Neighborhoods
* Newspapers
* Soul food
* Stereotypes
* Middle class
* Upper class

Notable people|

* Ralph Abernathy
* Maya Angelou
* Crispus Attucks
* James Baldwin
* James Bevel
* Julian Bond
* Amelia Boynton
* James Bradley
* Carol Moseley Braun
* Edward Brooke
* Blanche Bruce
* Ralph Bunche
* George Washington Carver
* Shirley Chisholm
* Claudette Colvin
* Frederick Douglass
* W. E. B. Du Bois
* Medgar Evers
* James Farmer
* Henry Highland Garnet
* Marcus Garvey
* Fred Gray
* Fannie Lou Hamer
* Kamala Harris
* Jimi Hendrix
* Jesse Jackson
* Ketanji Brown Jackson
* Michael Jackson
* Harriet Jacobs
* Barbara Jordan
* Coretta Scott King
* Martin Luther King Jr.
* Bernard Lafayette
* James Lawson
* Huddie Ledbetter
* John Lewis
* Joseph Lowery
* Malcolm X
* Thurgood Marshall
* Toni Morrison
* Bob Moses
* Diane Nash
* Barack Obama
* Michelle Obama
* Rosa Parks
* Adam Clayton Powell Jr.
* Colin Powell
* Gabriel Prosser
* Joseph Rainey
* A. Philip Randolph
* Hiram Revels
* Paul Robeson
* Al Sharpton
* Fred Shuttlesworth
* Clarence Thomas
* Emmett Till
* Sojourner Truth
* Harriet Tubman
* Nat Turner
* Denmark Vesey
* C. T. Vivian
* David Walker
* Booker T. Washington
* Ida B. Wells
* Roy Wilkins
* Oprah Winfrey
* Andrew Young
* Whitney Young

Education, science
and technology|

* Black studies
* Black schools
* Historically black colleges and universities
* Inventors and scientists
* Museums
* Women
* in computer science
* in medicine
* in STEM fields

Religion|

* African-American Jews
* Islam
* American Society of Muslims
* Nation of Islam
* Black church
* Azusa Street Revival
* Black Hebrew Israelites
* Black theology
* Doctrine of Father Divine

Political movements|

* Anarchism
* Back-to-Africa movement
* Black power
* Movement
* Capitalism
* Conservatism
* Leftism
* Pan-Africanism
* Populism
* Raised fist
* Self-determination
* Nationalism
* Socialism

Civic and economic
groups

* Association for the Study of African American Life and History (ASALH)
* Black Panther Party
* Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)
* National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)
* Nashville Student Movement
* National Black Chamber of Commerce (NBCC)
* National Council of Negro Women (NCNW)
* National Pan-Hellenic Council (NPHC)
* National Urban League (NUL)
* Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)
* Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)
* Thurgood Marshall College Fund
* United Negro College Fund (UNCF)
* Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League (UNIA-ACL)

Sports|

* Negro league baseball
* Baseball color line
* Black players in professional American football
* Black NFL quarterbacks
* Black players in ice hockey
* Muhammad Ali
* Arthur Ashe
* Jack Johnson
* Joe Louis
* Jesse Owens
* Jackie Robinson
* Serena Williams

Athletic associations
and conferences

* Central (CIAA)
* Mid-Eastern (MEAC)
* Southern (SIAC)
* Southwestern (SWAC)

Ethnic subdivisions|

* By African descent
* Fula
* Gullah
* Igbo
* Yoruba
* Alabama Creole
* Black Indians
* Black Seminoles
* Cherokee freedmen controversy
* Choctaw freedmen
* Creek Freedmen
* Black Southerners
* Blaxicans
* Great Dismal Swamp maroons
* Louisiana Creole
* of color
* Melungeon

Demographics|

* Neighborhoods
* list
* U.S. cities with large populations
* 2000 majorities
* 2010 majorities
* Metropolitan areas
* States and territories
* Illinois
* Ohio

Languages|

* Afro-Seminole Creole
* American Sign
* Black American Sign
* English
* American English
* African-American English
* African-American Vernacular English
* social context
* Gullah
* Louisiana Creole

By state/city|

* Alabama
* Arkansas
* California
* Los Angeles
* San Francisco
* Cleveland
* Florida
* Jacksonville
* Tallahassee
* Georgia
* Atlanta
* Hawaii
* Illinois
* Chicago
* Indiana
* Iowa
* Davenport
* Kansas
* Kentucky
* Lexington
* Louisiana
* Maryland
* Baltimore
* Massachusetts
* Boston
* Michigan
* Detroit
* Mississippi
* Nebraska
* Omaha
* New Jersey
* New York
* New York City
* North Carolina
* Oklahoma
* Oregon
* Pennsylvania
* Philadelphia
* Puerto Rico
* South Carolina
* Tennessee
* Texas
* Austin
* Dallas–Fort Worth
* Houston
* San Antonio
* Utah
* Virginia
* West Virginia

Diaspora|

* Africa
* Gambia
* Ghana
* Liberia
* Sierra Leone
* America
* Canada
* Dominican Republic
* Haiti
* Mexico
* Trinidad and Tobago
* Israel
* Europe
* France

Lists|

* African Americans
* Activists
* Actors
* Astronauts
* Billionaires
* Journalists
* Jurists
* Mathematicians
* Republicans
* Singers
* Sportspeople
* Spingarn Medal winners
* US cabinet members
* US representatives
* US senators
* Visual artists
* Writers
* African-American firsts
* Mayors
* Sports firsts
* US state firsts
* Historic places
* Index of related articles
* Landmark African-American legislation
* Lynching victims
* Monuments
* Neighborhoods
* Topics related to the African diaspora

* Category
* United States portal

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