List of American conservatives

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

This article is part of a series on

Conservatism
in the United States

Schools

* Compassionate
* Fiscal
* Fusion
* Liberal
* Classical
* Libertarian
* Moderate
* Movement
* Nationalist
* Christian
* Neo-
* Paleo-
* Postliberal
* Populist
* Progressive
* Social
* Straussian
* Traditionalist
* Ultra-

Principles

* American exceptionalism
* Anti-communism
* Christian Zionism
* Communitarianism
* Constitutionalism
* Familialism
* Family values
* Federalism
* States' rights
* Subsidiarity
* Gender essentialism
* Judeo-Christian values
* Individualism
* Law and order
* Limited government
* Meritocracy
* Natural aristocracy
* Militarism
* Peace through strength
* Moral absolutism
* Natalism
* Pro-life
* Natural law
* Ordered liberty
* Patriotism
* Property rights
* Republicanism
* Right to bear arms
* Rule of law
* Supply-side economics
* Tradition

History

* Loyalists
* Federalist Era
* Southern chivalry
* Redeemers
* Boston Brahmins
* Solid South
* New Humanism
* Dunning School
* Southern Agrarians
* Old Right
* Conservative Manifesto
* Conservative coalition
* America First Committee
* McCarthyism
* Goldwater campaign
* New Right
* Reagan era
* Reagan Doctrine
* Reaganomics
* Republican Revolution
* W. Bush presidency
* Tea Party movement
* Neo- vs. paleoconservatism
* Trump era
* First term
* Second term
* Agenda 47

Intellectuals

* Adams
* Anton
* Babbitt
* Bacevich
* Bell
* Bellow
* Bloom
* Boorstin
* Bradford
* Buckley
* Burgess
* Burnham
* Calhoun
* Chambers
* Conquest
* Deneen
* Eliot
* Francis
* Genovese
* Gottfried
* Hanson
* Hardin
* Hazony
* Himmelfarb
* Hoppe
* Hurston
* Jaffa
* Kimball
* Kirk
* Kirkpatrick
* Kreeft
* Kristol
* Kuehnelt-Leddihn
* Lind
* Lovecraft
* Loury
* Lukacs
* Mansfield
* Mencken
* Meyer
* Molnar
* Murray
* Nisbet
* Pangle
* Ransom
* Reno
* Rieff
* Santayana
* Schaeffer
* Sowell
* Strauss
* Vermeule
* Viereck
* Voegelin
* Wattenberg
* Weaver
* Wolfe

Politicians

* Abbott
* Adams (John)
* Adams (John Quincy)
* Bolton
* Buchanan
* Bush (George H. W.)
* Bush (George W.)
* Calhoun
* Clay
* Cheney
* Cleveland
* Coolidge
* Cruz
* DeSantis
* Dirksen
* Dole
* Eisenhower
* Gingrich
* Goldwater
* Harding
* Hamilton
* Helms
* Hoover (Herbert)
* Huckabee
* Johnson
* Kissinger
* Lodge
* Luce
* Madison
* McCain
* McCarthy (Joseph)
* McCarthy (Kevin)
* McConnell
* McKinley
* Meese
* Nixon
* Palin
* Paul (Rand)
* Paul (Ron)
* Pence
* Pierce
* Randolph
* Reagan
* Romney
* Rubio
* Rumsfeld
* Ryan
* Sherman
* Taft (Robert)
* Taft (William)
* Thurmond
* Trump
* Vance
* Wallace
* Wolfowitz

Jurists

* Alito
* Barrett
* Bork
* Burger
* Colson
* Frelinghuysen
* George
* Goldsmith
* Gorsuch
* Harlan II
* Kavanaugh
* Kennedy
* Luttig
* O'Connor
* Parker
* Rehnquist
* Roberts (John)
* Sanford
* Scalia
* Sessions
* Sutherland
* Taft (William)
* Thomas (Clarence)
* Whittaker

Commentators

* Beck
* Bongino
* Breitbart
* Buchanan (Pat)
* Buckley
* Caldwell
* Carlson
* Cass
* Chodorov
* Coulter
* D'Souza
* Derbyshire
* Dreher
* Elder
* Goldberg
* Grant
* Griffin
* Van den Haag
* Hannity
* Hart
* Herberg
* Hoover (Margaret)
* Ingraham
* Jones
* Kelly
* Knowles
* Krauthammer
* Lahren
* Levin
* Limbaugh
* Mac Donald
* Neuhaus
* Ngo
* North
* Novak
* O'Reilly
* Owens
* Podhoretz
* Pool
* Portnoy
* Possony
* Prager
* Robertson
* Shapiro
* Shlaes
* Sullivan
* Walsh
* Watters
* Weyl
* Will
* Wintrich
* Woods

Activists

* Abramoff
* Agostinelli
* Andreessen
* Atwater
* Bannon
* Bennett
* Bezmenov
* Bozell
* Cohn
* Dans
* Dobson
* Drudge
* Falwell
* Feulner
* Flynn
* Gabriel
* Hegseth
* Horowitz
* Kirk
* Krikorian
* Kristol
* LaHaye
* Lindell
* Lindbergh
* Leo
* McEntee
* Mercer (Rebekah)
* Mercer (Robert)
* Miller
* Murdoch
* Musk
* political views
* O'Keefe
* Park
* Phillips
* Posobiec
* Powell
* Raichik
* Reed
* Regnery
* Roberts (Kevin)
* Rove
* Rufo
* Scaife
* Schlafly (Andrew)
* Schlafly (Phyllis)
* Stone
* Thiel
* Thomas (Ginni)
* Weyrich
* Wiles
* Wood

Literature

* The Federalist Papers (1788)
* Democracy in America (1835–1840)
* Notes on Democracy (1926)
* I'll Take My Stand (1930)
* Our Enemy, the State (1935)
* The Managerial Revolution (1941)
* Ideas Have Consequences (1948)
* God and Man at Yale (1951)
* The Conservative Mind (1953)
* The Conscience of a Conservative (1960)
* A Choice Not an Echo (1964)
* A Conflict of Visions (1987)
* The Closing of the American Mind (1987)
* The Death of the West (2001)
* Hillbilly Elegy (2016)
* The Benedict Option (2017)
* Why Liberalism Failed (2018)
* The Age of Entitlement (2020)

Parties

Active

* American Party
* American Independent Party
* Conservative Party
* NY state
* Constitution Party
* Republican Party

Defunct

* Anti-Masonic Party
* Constitutional Union Party
* Democratic Party (historically, factions)
* Boll weevils
* Bourbon Democrats
* Conservative Democrats
* Dixiecrats
* Reagan Democrats
* Southern Democrats
* Rhode Island Suffrage Party
* Federalist Party
* National Republican Party
* Native American Party
* Whig Party

Think tanks

* Acton Institute
* AdTI
* AEI
* AFP
* CSP
* CfNI
* Claremont Institute
* CEI
* CSPC
* EPPC
* FRI
* Gatestone Institute
* Heartland Institute
* The Heritage Foundation
* Heritage Action
* Mandate for Leadership
* Project Esther
* Project 2025
* Hoover Institution
* Hudson Institute
* ISI
* James Madison Program
* Leadership Institute
* Manhattan Institute
* Mises Institute
* PRI
* PNAC (Defunct)
* Ripon Society
* R Street Institute
* Rockford Institute
* SPN
* Sutherland Institute
* Tax Foundation
* Witherspoon Institute

Media

Newspapers

* Chicago Tribune
* The Epoch Times
* New Hampshire Union Leader
* The Jewish Voice
* The New York Observer
* New York Post
* The Remnant
* The Wall Street Journal (editorial board)
* The Washington Times

Journals

* American Affairs
* The American Conservative
* The American Spectator
* American Thinker
* City Journal
* Claremont Review of Books
* Commentary
* Compact
* Chronicles
* The Dispatch
* First Things
* The Imaginative Conservative
* Jewish World Review
* Modern Age
* National Affairs
* The National Interest
* National Review
* The New American
* The New Atlantis
* The New Criterion
* Policy Review (defunct)
* Public Discourse
* Southern Partisan
* Spectator USA
* Tablet
* Taki's Magazine
* Telos
* Washington Examiner
* The Weekly Standard (defunct)

TV channels

* CBN
* Fox Business
* Fox News
* Newsmax TV
* One America News Network
* Real America's Voice
* VOZ

Websites

* 1819 News
* Babylon Bee
* Breitbart News
* The Bulwark
* Campus Reform
* The Center Square
* Conservative Review
* Daily Caller
* Daily Signal
* Daily Wire
* Discover the Networks
* The Federalist
* FrontPage Magazine
* Front Porch Republic
* Gateway Pundit
* Hot Air
* Human Events
* Independent Journal Review
* InfoWars
* Jihad Watch
* LifeZette
* NewsBusters
* PJ Media
* Rare
* RedState
* The Dispatch
* Townhall
* Twitchy
* Washington Examiner
* The Washington Free Beacon
* The Western Journal
* WorldNetDaily

Other

* Blaze Media
* Encounter Books
* Evie Magazine
* The First
* Imprimis
* The Political Cesspool
* Passage Publishing
* PragerU
* RealClearPolitics
* Red Scare
* Regnery Publishing
* RSBN
* The Rubin Report
* Sinclair Broadcast Group

Other organizations

Congressional caucuses

* Second Amendment Caucus
* RSC
* Liberty Caucus
* Freedom Caucus
* Republican Main Street Partnership
* Republican Governance Group
* Blue Dog Coalition

Economics

* ATR
* Club for Growth
* FreedomWorks (defunct)
* NFIB
* NTU
* Tea Party Patriots
* USCC

Gun rights

* GOA
* NAGR
* NRA

Identity politics

* ACT!
* CWA
* Council of Conservative Citizens
* GAG
* IWF
* LCR
* Moms for Liberty

Nativist

* CIS
* FAIR
* Immigration Restriction League
* NumbersUSA
* Patriot Prayer
* Proud Boys
* Oath Keepers
* Three Percenters

Religion

* ADF
* Court cases
* ACLJ
* AFA
* The American TFP
* Chalcedon Foundation
* CCA
* Christian Voice
* Eagle Forum
* FCR
* The Fellowship
* FFC
* Focus on the Family
* Foundation for Moral Law
* Liberty Counsel
* Moral Majority (defunct)
* NOM
* NRLC
* PTMC
* Susan B. Anthony Pro-Life America
* Thomas More Law Center

Watchdog groups

* AIM
* Econ Journal Watch
* Franklin News Foundation
* JW
* MRC
* O'Keefe Media Group
* Project Veritas

Youth/student groups

* NJC
* TPUSA
* Young Americans for Freedom
* Young America's Foundation
* YAL

Social media

* Gab
* Gettr
* Parler
* The Right Stuff

Miscellaneous

* The 85 Fund
* AHI
* ACU
* AFPAC
* Bradley Foundation
* TCC
* CNP
* CPAC
* Hillsdale College
* IFF
* JBS
* John M. Olin Foundation (defunct)
* Liberty Fund
* LU
* NAS
* Philadelphia Society
* Regent University
* Russell Kirk Center for Cultural Renewal
* TPPF

Other

* AFL
* Atlas Network
* CN
* ConservAmerica
* Donors Trust
* FedSoc
* NCPAC
* PJI
* Turning Point Action
* SACR
* YRNF
* Ziklag

Movements

* Asian and Pacific Islander
* Black
* Christian right
* Reconstructionism
* Classical education movement
* Paideia
* Dark Enlightenment
* Election denial movement
* 2020 election disputes
* Female
* Green
* Hispanic and Latino
* LGBTQ
* Libertarian republicans
* Militia movement
* Monarchism
* Mormon
* White Horse Prophecy
* Theodemocracy
* New Apostolic Reformation
* Parental rights movement
* Fathers' rights
* Patriot movement
* Christian
* Radical right
* Reactionary feminism
* Right-libertarianism
* Paleolibertarianism
* Secessionism
* Neo-Confederates
* in Texas
* Trumpism
* Never Trump

Related

* Barstool conservatism
* Bibliography of US conservatism
* Conservative talk radio
* GOP factions
* List of American conservatives
* NatCon
* Timeline of modern American conservatism

* Conservatism portal
* United States portal

* v
* t
* e

American conservatism is a broad system of political beliefs in the United States characterized by respect for American traditions, republicanism, support for Judeo-Christian values,[1] moral absolutism,[2] free markets and free trade,[3][4] anti-communism,[4][5] individualism,[4] advocacy of American exceptionalism,[6] and a defense of Western culture from the threats, whether real or perceived, posed by anarchism, communism, socialism, liberalism, authoritarianism, and moral relativism.[7] The recent movement is based in the Republican Party, though some Democrats were also important figures early in the movement's history.[8][9]

The following list is made up of prominent American conservatives from the public and private sectors. The list also includes political parties, organizations and media outlets which have made a notable impact on conservatism in the United States. Entries on the list must have achieved notability after 1932, the beginning of the Fifth Party System. Before 1932, terminology was different. Positions that are called conservative after 1932, were typically called "liberal" (i.e. classical liberal) before then. Likewise European liberals, such as Friedrich Hayek, were called conservatives when they came to America, which puzzled Hayek.[10]

## People

[edit]

### Intellectuals, writers, and activists

[edit]

William F. Buckley Jr., conservative writer Bill Kristol, conservative writer Phyllis Schlafly speaking at CPAC 2011 Name  | Lifetime  | Notability  | Ref.

|
|
|

Agnes Repplier | 1855-1950  | essayist, literary critic, and author  | [11]
George Santayana | 1863–1952  | philosopher and author  | [12]
Garet Garrett | 1878–1954  | financial journalist  | [13]
Frank Knight | 1885–1972  | economist  | [14][15]
Pitirim Sorokin | 1889-1968  | sociologist  | [16]
Walter Lippmann | 1889–1974  | reporter and public intellectual  | [17]
Ernst Kantorowicz | 1895–1963  | historian  | [18]
George Schuyler | 1895–1977  | writer, journalist, and social critic  | [19]
Clarence Manion | 1896–1979  | direct-mailer | [20]
Leo Strauss | 1899–1973  | political philosopher  | [21]
Whittaker Chambers | 1901–1961  | author of Witness | [22][23]
Will Herberg | 1901–1977  | sociologist  | [24]
Francis Wilson (political scientist) | 1901–1976  | political scientist  |
Ross J. S. Hoffman | 1902–1979  | historian, writer, and educator  | [25]
Eric Hoffer | 1902–1983  | philosopher  | [26]
James Burnham | 1905–1987  | political philosopher and co-founder and editor of National Review | [27]
Willard Van Orman Quine | 1908–2000  | philosopher and logician  | [28][29]
C. Vann Woodward | 1908–1999  | historian  | [30]
Willmoore Kendall | 1909–1967  | political philosopher  | [31]
Frank Meyer | 1909–1972  | editor of the Books, Arts and Manners section of National Review | [32]
Erik von Kuehnelt-Leddihn | 1909–1999  | journalist and political philosopher  | [33]
Peter Drucker | 1909–2005  | sociologist, management consultant, and author  | [34]
Richard M. Weaver | 1910–1963  | author of Ideas Have Consequences | [35][36]
George J. Stigler | 1911–1991  | economist  | [37]
Henry B. Veatch | 1911-1999  | philosopher  | [38]
Robert Nisbet | 1913–1996  | sociologist  | [39]
Daniel J. Boorstin | 1914–2004  | historian  | [40]
Edward C. Banfield | 1916-1999  | political scientist  | [41]
Russell Kirk | 1918–1994  | author of The Conservative Mind | [35][42]
Peter J. Stanlis | 1919-2011  | literacy scholar and councilman  | [43]
Thomas Molnar | 1921–2010  | political philosopher and historian  | [44]
Gaetano L. Vincitorio | 1921 2007  | historian  |
Robert Goldwin | 1922-2010  | political scientist  | [45]
William A. Rusher | 1923–2011  | publisher of National Review | [46]
James E. Bunce | 1924-2015  | historian  |
Stanley Jaki | 1924–2009  | philosopher of science and historian  | [47]
Phyllis Schlafly | 1924–2016  | activist  | [48]
John Lukacs | 1924–2019  | historian  | [49]
William F. Buckley Jr. | 1925–2008  | author, television host, and founder of National Review | [50][51]
L. Brent Bozell Jr. | 1926–1997  | speechwriter for Senator Joseph McCarthy | [51]
Tim LaHaye | 1926–2016  | author and political activist  | [52]
Forrest McDonald | 1927–2016  | historian  | [53]
Beverly LaHaye | 1929–2024  | activist and founder of Concerned Women for America | [54][55][56][57]
Irving Kristol | 1920–2009  | Neoconservative author and writer  |
Eva Brann | 1929-2024  | classicist and archaeologist  | [58]
Eugene Genovese | 1930–2012  | historian  | [59]
Thomas Sowell | 1930–  | author, columnist, professor, and economist at the Hoover Institution | [60]
Seth Benardete | 1930-2001  | classicist and philosopher  |
James Q. Wilson | 1931–2012  | social scientist  | [61]
Christopher Lasch | 1932–1994  | historian and social critic  | [62]
Harvey Mansfield | 1932–  | political philosopher  | [63]
Richard Viguerie | 1933–  | media pioneer  | [64][65]
Mel Bradford | 1934–1993  | literary critic and legal scholar  | [66]
Richard E. Morgan | 1934–2014  | political scientist and constitutional theorist  |
Richard John Neuhaus | 1936–2009  | founder of First Things | [67]
James Kurth | 1938–  | political scientist  | [68]
John Kekes | 1936–  | philosopher  | [69]
Daniel N. Robinson | 1937-2018  | philosopher and psychologist  | [70]
Walter E. Williams | 1938–2020  | author, columnist, and economics professor  | [71][72][73]
Arthur Laffer | 1940–  | economist  | [74]
George Will | 1941–  | columnist for the Washington Post | [75][76]
Edwin Feulner | 1941–  | founder of The Heritage Foundation | [77]
Paul Gottfried | 1941–  | political philosopher and historian  | [78]
Paul Weyrich | 1942–2008  | president of The Heritage Foundation  | [79]
Angelo Codevilla | 1943-2021  | international relations theorist and philosopher  | [80]
Claes G. Ryn | 1943–  | political philosopher  | [81]
Scott Soames | 1945–  | philosopher  | [82]
George H. Nash | 1945–  | historian  | [83]
Joseph Sobran | 1946–2010  | writer for National Review | [84]
Donald T. Critchlow | 1948-  | historian  |
Vigen Guroian | 1948-  | theologian  |
Charles Krauthammer | 1950–2018  | public intellectual  | [85]
Peggy Noonan | 1950–  | columnist for The Wall Street Journal | [60]
Larry Schweikart | 1951–  | historian  | [86]
Peter Augustine Lawler | 1952-2017  | political scientist and philosopher  |
Bill Kristol | 1952–  | former editor of The Weekly Standard | [87]
Carol Swain | 1954–  | Former political science professor at Vanderbilt University |
Terry Teachout | 1956–2022  | drama critic, biographer, and playwright  | [88]
Grover Norquist | 1956–  | president of Americans for Tax Reform | [87]
Robert P. George | 1969–  | legal scholar and political philosopher  | [89]
Patrick Allitt | 1956–  | historian  |
John J. DiIulio Jr. | 1958–  | political scientist  |
Mark Bauerlein | 1959–  | literary critic and senior editor of First Things | [90]
Dinesh D'Souza | 1961–  | author and filmmaker  | [91][92]
Kevin R. C. Gutzman | 1963–  | historian and constitutional scholar  |
Patrick Deneen | 1964–  | political theorist  | [93]
John Yoo | 1967–  | legal scholar and former government official  | [94]
Leigh-Allyn Baker | 1972–  | actress and pro-life activist  | [95]
Yuval Levin | 1977 –  | political scientist and journalist  |
Ross Douthat | 1979–  | columnist for the New York Times | [96]
Charlie Kirk | 1993–  | Founder and President of Turning Point USA, author and political commentator  | [97]

### Politicians, office holders, and jurists

[edit]

Donald Trump speaking at the Conservative Political Action Conference (CPAC) Mike Pence speaks at a campaign rally in Phoenix, Arizona, August 2016. Sarah Palin speaking at the CPAC Vice President Dick Cheney (right) with Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld (left) and President George W. Bush (center) Senator Barry Goldwater (right) meeting with President Ronald Reagan (left) in the oval office in 1984 Congresswoman Liz Cheney in 2016 Name  | Lifetime  | Notability  | Ref.

|
|
|

Senator Arthur H. Vandenberg | 1884–1951  | Known for his opposition to the New Deal | [98]
Senator Robert A. Taft | 1889–1953  | First chairman of the Senate Republican Policy Committee | [99]
Senator John W. Bricker | 1893–1986  | Thomas E. Dewey's running mate in the 1944 presidential election | [100]
Senator Everett Dirksen | 1896–1969  | Republican senator who helped get the Civil Rights Act passed  | [101]
Ambassador Clare Boothe Luce | 1903–1987  | Politician, writer, and ambassador  | [102]
Senator Joseph McCarthy | 1908–1957  | Known for his principal role in the Red Scare of the 1950s  | [103][104]
Senator Barry Goldwater | 1909–1998  | 1964 Republican presidential nominee  | [35]
President Ronald Reagan | 1911–2004  | 40th President of the United States  | [105][106]
Secretary of State Henry Kissinger | 1923–2023  | Secretary of State during the Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford administrations | [107]
Chief Justice William Rehnquist | 1924–2005  | Chief Justice of the Supreme Court | [108]
Congressman James Edmund Jeffries | 1925 - 1997  | Member, United States House of Representatives from Kansas (1979 - 1983)
UN Ambassador Jeane Kirkpatrick | 1926–2006  | Ambassador to the United Nations under Ronald Reagan | [109]
Attorney General Edwin Meese | 1931–  | Attorney General during the Reagan Administration | [110]
Congressman Jack Kemp | 1935–2009  | 1996 Republican vice presidential nominee known for his support of supply-side economics and urban renewal  | [111]
Congressman Larry McDonald | 1935–1983  | Served as president of the John Birch Society | [112]
Congressman Ron Paul | 1935–  | Presidential candidate (1988 Libertarian Party nominee, 2008 Republican candidate, 2012 Republican candidate) who promoted a libertarian agenda within the Republican Party  | [87]
Justice Antonin Scalia | 1936–2016  | Supreme Court justice known as a leading exponent of originalism and textualism | [113]
White House Communications Director Pat Buchanan | 1938–  | White House communications director under President Ronald Reagan, paleoconservative advisor to multiple presidents; prominent commentator and co-founder of The American Conservative; Republican presidential candidate in 1992 and 1996; Reform Party nominee for president in 2000  | [114][115][116]
House Majority Leader Dick Armey | 1940–  | One of the chief authors of the Contract with America | [117]
Vice President Dick Cheney | 1941–  | Known for his hawkish views on national security  | [118]
Senator Mitch McConnell | 1942–  | Senate Minority Leader  | [119]
Speaker of the House Newt Gingrich | 1943–  | Chief author of the Contract with America, 2012 presidential candidate known for his criticism of the Clinton, G. W. Bush, and Obama administrations  | [118]
President Donald Trump | 1946–  | 45th and 47th President of the United States  | [120][121][122][123][124][125][126]
President George W. Bush | 1946–  | 43rd President of the United States  | [127][118]
Senator Mitt Romney | 1947–  | Senator from Utah since 2019, 2012 Republican presidential nominee, 2008 Republican presidential candidate, Governor of Massachusetts (2003–2007),  | [118]
UN Ambassador John R. Bolton | 1948–  | National Security Advisor, U.N. ambassador, and foreign policy hawk  | [128]
Justice Clarence Thomas | 1948–  | Supreme Court Justice, most prominent African-American conservative jurist in American history  | [87]
Deputy Chief of Staff Karl Rove | 1950–  | Political strategist to George W. Bush | [129]
Senator Jim DeMint | 1951–  | Tea Party-affiliated U.S. Senator, president of the Heritage Foundation | [130]
Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice | 1954–  | Secretary of State during the George W. Bush administration | [131]
Congresswoman Michele Bachmann | 1956–  | Sought the 2012 Republican nomination for president | [132]
Vice President Mike Pence | 1959–  | Vice President under Donald Trump, governor of Indiana, member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Indiana  | [133][118]
Senator Rand Paul | 1963–  | U.S. Senator from Kentucky, libertarian-leaning conservative, 2016 GOP presidential candidate and son of Ron Paul | [134]
Governor Sarah Palin | 1964–  | Governor of Alaska, 2008 Republican vice presidential nominee|
Senator Tim Scott | 1965–  | Senator from South Carolina, only African-American Republican senator  | [135]
Attorney General Kris Kobach | 1966–  | Secretary of State and Attorney General of Kansas  | [136][137][138]
Senator Ted Cruz | 1970–  | Tea Party-affiliated U.S. senator who finished second in the 2016 Republican presidential primaries | [139][140]
Speaker of the House Paul Ryan | 1970–  | Speaker of the House, 2012 Republican vice-presidential nominee  | [141][118]
Secretary of State Marco Rubio | 1971–  | Former U.S. Senator from Florida, 2016 GOP presidential candidate  | [142][60][140]
Representative Bill Hardwick | 1985-  | Missouri State Legislator  |

### Business and religious leaders involved in conservative politics

[edit]

Billy Graham, evangelical minister Name  | Lifetime  | Notability  | Ref.

|
|
|

Roger Milliken | 1915–2010  | businessman  | [143]
Joseph Coors | 1917–2003  | businessman  | [144]
Billy Graham | 1918–2018  | evangelist known for his support of capitalism  | [145]
Sun Myung Moon | 1920–2012  | founder of the Unification Church | [146]
Richard DeVos | 1926–2018  | co-founder of Amway | [147]
Rupert Murdoch | 1931–  | CEO of News Corp and 21st Century Fox | [148]
Richard Mellon Scaife | 1932–2014  | billionaire donor to conservative organizations  | [149]
Sheldon Adelson | 1933–2021  | billionaire donor to conservative political candidates  | [150]
Jerry Falwell | 1933–2007  | televangelist | [151][152]
Charles G. Koch | 1935–  | billionaire industrialist and donor to conservative organizations and candidates  | [147][153]
Foster Friess | 1940–2021  | billionaire donor to conservative organizations  | [154]
David H. Koch | 1940–2019  | billionaire industrialist and donor to conservative organizations and candidates  | [147][153]
Richard Land | 1946–  | former lobbyist for the Southern Baptist Convention | [155]
Robert Mercer | 1946–  | donor to conservative organizations such as Breitbart News | [156]
Franklin Graham | 1952–  | evangelist and political activist  | [157]
Tony Perkins | 1963–  | chairman of the Family Research Council | [60]
Peter Thiel | 1967–  | venture capitalist and political activist  | [158]
Russell Moore | 1971–  | president of the Ethics & Religious Liberty Commission of the Southern Baptist Convention | [159]

### Media personalities: publishers, editors, radio hosts, columnists and bloggers

[edit]

Michael Medved, conservative radio show host Name  | Lifetime  | Notability  | Ref.

|
|
|

Raymond Moley | 1886–1975  | columnist  | [160]
David Lawrence | 1888–1973  | author of Beyond the New Deal | [161]
Clarence Manion | 1896–1979  | talk radio host  | [162]
Henry Luce | 1898–1967  | founder of Time | [163]
Fulton Lewis | 1903–1966  | radio host  | [164]
Henry Regnery | 1912–1996  | activist  | [165]
Paul Harvey | 1918–2009  | radio commentator  | [166]
Bob Grant | 1929–2013  | talk show host  | [167]
William Safire | 1929–2009  | commentator for The New York Times | [76][168]
Roger Ailes | 1940–2017  | president of Fox News | [118]
Michael Savage | 1942–  | talk radio host  | [87]
Herman Cain | 1945–2020  | radio host, syndicated columnist, and candidate in the 2012 Republican presidential primaries | [169]
Lou Dobbs | 1945–2024  | television newscaster  | [170]
Michael Medved | 1948–  | talk radio host  | [171]
Dennis Prager | 1948–  | talk radio host  | [172][173]
Bill O'Reilly | 1949–  | television and radio host  | [174][60]
Rush Limbaugh | 1951–2021  | talk radio host  | [118]
Larry Elder | 1952–  | filmmaker  | [175]
Charlie Sykes | 1954–  | talk-show host  | [176]
Hugh Hewitt | 1956–  | talk radio host  | [172][177]
Sean Hannity | 1961–  | host of Hannity and The Sean Hannity Show | [178]
Ann Coulter | 1961–  | political commentator  | [179][180]
Laura Ingraham | 1963–  | Fox News and talk radio commentator  | [75][181]
Adam Carolla | 1964–  | co-host of Loveline and host of The Adam Carolla Show | [182]
Matt Drudge | 1966–  | creator, and editor of the Drudge Report  | [183][184]
Andrew Breitbart | 1969–2012  | blogger, author, journalist, and creator of Breitbart News  | [35][185]
Tucker Carlson | 1969–  | talk show host  | [119][186]
Michelle Malkin | 1970–  | newspaper columnist, author, and blogger  | [187]
Ben Shapiro | 1984–  | commentator and media host  | [188]
Matt Walsh | 1986-  | political commentator and author
Blaire White | 1993-  | political commentator and YouTuber  | [189]
Brett Cooper | 2001-  | political commentator and actress  | [190]

### Painters, printmakers and sculptors

[edit]

Conservative in politics and social matters, Hopper asserted for example that artists' lives should be written by people very close to them. However, he accepted things as they were and displayed a lack of idealism. Name  | Lifetime  | Notability  | Ref.

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Edward Hopper | 1882–1967  | Renowned American Realist painter and printmaker known for his oil-on-canvas paintings including Nighthawks | [191]
Wheeler Williams | 1887–1972  | American sculptor |
Minerva Teichert | 1888–1976  | 20th-century artist who painted Western and Mormon subjects  |
Sam Hyde Harris | 1889-1977  | American painter associated with the California Impressionism movement  | [192]
Henriette Wyeth | 1907–1997  | American artist noted for her portraits and still life paintings  | [193]
Andrew Wyeth | 1917–2009  | American regionalist painter and one of the best-known U.S. artists of the middle 20th century  | [194]
Patricia Hill Burnett | 1920–2014  | Portrait artist and women's rights activist  | [195]
Brigid Berlin | 1939–2020  | American artist and Warhol superstar | [196]

### Composers, musicians and record producers

[edit]

Punk rock pioneer Johnny Ramone was into conservative politics as early as age 11. This was evident when he rooted for Richard Nixon in the 1960 United States presidential election[197] Name  | Lifetime  | Notability  | Ref.

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|

Charles Ives | 1874-1954  | Influential modernist composer  | [198]
Emma Lucy Gates Bowen | 1882-1951  | American operatic soprano singer  | [199]
William Grant Still | 1895-1978  | American composer of nearly two hundred works, including five symphonies, four ballets, nine operas, over thirty choral works, art songs, chamber music, and solo works  | [200]
Duke Ellington | 1899-1974  | American jazz pianist and composer  | [201]
Hoagy Carmichael | 1899-1981  | One of the most successful Tin Pan Alley songwriters of the 1930s  | [202]
Lionel Hampton | 1908-2002  | Jazz musician and bandleader  | [203]
Sun Ra | 1914-1993  | Avant-garde jazz composer and bandleader  | [204]
Frank Sinatra | 1915-1998  | One of the most popular entertainers of the mid-20th century  | [205][206]
Milton Babbitt | 1916-2011  | Pioneering composer of electronic music and music theorist | [207]
Dean Martin | 1917-1995  | One of the most popular entertainers of the mid-20th century  | [206]
Liberace | 1919-1987  | Pianist, singer and performer known for his flamboyant stage persona  | [208]
Hank Williams | 1923-1953  | Influential singer-songwriter of country music | [209]
Marty Robbins | 1925-1982  | Early outlaw country pioneer  | [210]
Andy Williams | 1927-2012  | Traditional pop singer  | [211]
Tom Wilson | 1931-1978  | American record producer  | [212]
Tiny Tim | 1932-1996  | Outsider artist and musical archivist | [213]
Loretta Lynn | 1932-2022  | Country music singer and songwriter  | [214]
James Brown | 1933-2006  | Central progenitor of funk music often referred as the Godfather of Soul | [215][216]
Frankie Valli | 1934 -  | Known as the frontman of The Four Seasons | [217]
Pat Boone | 1934 -  | American pop singer  | [218]
Elvis Presley | 1935-1977  | American singer and cultural figure known as the King of Rock and Roll | [219]
Sonny Bono | 1935-1998  | One half of the pop duo Sonny & Cher | [220]
Jerry Lee Lewis | 1935-2022  | Piano-based singer-songwriter and pioneer of rock and roll and rockabilly music  | [221]
Charlie Daniels | 1936-2020  | Southern rock pioneer and country rock musician  | [222]
Jerry Reed | 1937-2008  | Country music composer and an early influence on the swamp rock genre[223] | [224]
Dick Dale | 1937-2019  | Influential guitarist and surf music pioneer  | [225]
Charles Wuorinen | 1938-2020  | Academic teacher and composer of contemporary classical music | [226]
Kenny Rogers | 1938-2020  | Country music singer and songwriter  | [227]
Phil Everly | 1939-2014  | One half of the country rock duo The Everly Brothers | [228]
Ray Stevens | 1939 -  | Novelty country pop singer-songwriter  | [229]
Dion DiMucci | 1939 -  | Prominent rock and roll musician  | [230]
Frank Zappa | 1940-1993  | Composer, musician, founding member of the avant-garde band The Mothers Of Invention | [231]
Bruce Johnston | 1942 -  | Member of The Beach Boys | [232]
Roger McGuinn | 1942 -  | Leader and only consistent member of the folk and psychedelic rock band The Byrds | [233]
Lee Greenwood | 1942 -  | American patriotic music singer  | [234]
Tommy Hall | 1943 -  | Electric jug player and founding member of the psychedelic rock band 13th Floor Elevators |
Richie Furay | 1944 -  | Vocalist, guitarist and writer of folk rock band Buffalo Springfield | [235]
Moe Tucker | 1944 -  | Drummer and singer-songwriter for the experimental rock band The Velvet Underground | [236][237]
Iggy Pop | 1947 -  | Vocalist and lyricist of proto-punk propagators The Stooges and often called the Godfather of Punk | [238][237]
Rick Derringer | 1947 -  | Hard rock musician, producer, and songwriter  | [239]
Meat Loaf | 1947-2022  | Rock opera singer  | [240][241]
Alice Cooper | 1948-  | Shock rock singer  | [242][243]
Billy Zoom | 1948 -  | Guitarist for the punk rock band X | [244]
Mark Farner | 1948 -  | Original singer and guitarist of the hard rock band Grand Funk Railroad | [245]
Johnny Ramone | 1948-2004  | Founding member and guitarist of the influential punk rock band Ramones | [219][246]
Ted Nugent | 1948 -  | American guitarist and rock musician  | [219]
Hank Williams Jr. | 1949 -  | Country rock musician  | [242]
Eric Carmen | 1949-2024  | Lead vocalist of the power pop band Raspberries | [247]
Gene Simmons | 1949 -  | Bassist and founding member of hard rock band Kiss | [248][242]
Rickey Medlocke | 1950 -  | Frontman/guitarist for the southern rock band Blackfoot and member of Lynyrd Skynyrd | [249]
Jonathan Cain | 1950 -  | Keyboardist and rhythm guitarist for Journey | [250]
Lee Ving | 1950 -  | Frontman of the LA-based hardcore punk band Fear | [251]
Joey Kramer | 1950 -  | Drummer of Aerosmith | [252]
Joe Perry | 1950 -  | Founding member and lead guitarist of Aerosmith | [253]
Ace Frehley | 1951 -  | Lead guitarist and founding member of hard rock band Kiss | [254]
Joe Lynn Turner | 1951 -  | Known for his work in hard rock bands Rainbow and Deep Purple | [255]
Dee Dee Ramone | 1951-2002  | Founding member and bassist of the influential punk rock band Ramones | [256]
Billy Sheehan | 1953 -  | Bassist in glam metal band Mr. Big and hard rock supergroup The Winery Dogs |
Don Dokken | 1953 -  | Lead singer and founder of glam metal band Dokken | [257]
Ross the Boss | 1954 -  | Founding member of proto-punk band The Dictators and heavy metal band Manowar | [258]
Martin O'Donnell | 1955 -  | Video game composer  | [259]
Glenn Danzig | 1955 -  | Founder of horror punk innovators The Misfits and frontman of heavy metal band Danzig | [260][261]
Exene Cervenka | 1956 -  | Singer and songwriter for the punk rock band X | [262]
Bobby Steele | 1956 -  | Guitarist for horror punk innovators The Misfits and frontman for The Undead | [263]
Leonard Graves Phillips | 1957 -  | Frontman of the comedic punk rock band The Dickies | [251][264]
Prince | 1958-2016  | American singer, songwriter and record producer  | [265][197]
John Kezdy | 1959-2023  | Lead singer of the Chicago hardcore band The Effigies | [266]
Cherie Currie | 1959 -  | Lead vocalist of the all-female band The Runaways | [267]
Johnny Van Zant | 1960 -  | Current lead vocalist of southern rock band Lynyrd Skynyrd | [268]
Jack Russell | 1960-2024  | Lead vocalist of the glam metal band Great White | [269]
Tom Araya | 1961 -  | Vocalist and bassist of thrash metal band Slayer | [243]
Duane Peters | 1961  | Leading member of street punk band U.S. Bombs |
Dave Mustaine | 1961 -  | Frontman and primary songwriter of Megadeth | [242][243]
Peter Steele | 1962-2010  | Founding member of crossover trash band Carnivore and lead singer, bassist and main composer of gothic metal band Type O Negative | [270][271]
Trace Adkins | 1962 -  | American country musician  | [272]
John Joseph | 1962 -  | Lead singer and lyricist of the hardcore punk band Cro-Mags | [273][274]
James Kottak | 1962-2024  | Drummer in the hard rock band Scorpions | [275]
Joe Escalante | 1963 -  | Bassist and songwriter of the comedic punk rock band The Vandals | [276]
Michael Sweet | 1963 -  | Frontman of Christian metal band Stryper | [277]
Dave Smalley | 1963 -  | Lead singer of hardcore punk bands DYS and Dag Nasty | [278][251]
Jeff Hanneman | 1964-2013  | Guitarist and founding member of thrash metal band Slayer | [279][280]
Vinnie Paul | 1964-2018  | Drummer of groove metal bands Pantera and Damageplan | [281]
Steve Souza | 1964 -  | Lead vocalist for the thrash metal band Exodus | [282]
Roger Miret | 1964 -  | Lead singer of the hardcore punk band Agnostic Front | [283][274]
Eazy-E | 1964-1995  | American West Coast gangsta rapper  | [284][285]
Dimebag Darrell | 1966-2004  | Guitarist of groove metal bands Pantera and Damageplan | [286]
Billy Corgan | 1967 -  | Frontman and primary songwriter of The Smashing Pumpkins | [287]
John Petrucci | 1967 -  | Guitarist of progressive metal band Dream Theater | [288]
Terry Butler | 1967 -  | Bassist for the death metal band Obituary | [289]
Sully Erna | 1968 -  | Vocalist and rhythm guitarist of alternative metal band Godsmack | [243][276]
Cowboy Troy | 1970 -  | Country rap artist  | [290]
Kid Rock | 1971 -  | American singer and rapper  | [242][291]
Sara Evans | 1971 -  | American country music singer and songwriter  | [292]
Aaron Lewis | 1972 -  | Frontman of alternative metal band Staind | [293]
John Dolmayan | 1972 -  | Drummer of System of a Down | [294]
Jesse Hughes | 1972 -  | Frontman of the rock band Eagles of Death Metal | [295]
Gretchen Wilson | 1973 -  | American country singer and songwriter  | [296]
Pete Parada | 1973 -  | Drummer of several punk rock and metal bands  |
John Rich | 1974 -  | American country singer  | [297]
Philip Labonte | 1975 -  | Lead singer of metalcore band All That Remains | [298]
Ariel Pink | 1978 -  | Lo-fi musician and hypnagogic pop originator  | [299]
Kaya Jones | 1984 -  | Canadian-American pop singer  | [300]
Azealia Banks | 1991 -  | Rapper and hip hop artist  | [301][302]
Lil Pump | 2000 -  | Soundcloud rap artist  | [303][304]

### Filmmakers, screenwriters, and producers

[edit]

Director Cecil B. DeMille, on who actor Edward G. Robinson wrote, "No more conservative or patriarchal figure existed in Hollywood, no one more opposed to communism or any permutation or combination thereof."[305] Producer Hal Roach was a member of the arch-conservative American Liberty League[306] Director Mel Gibson Producer Steve Mnuchin Name  | Lifetime  | Notability  | Ref.

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Rupert Hughes | 1872–1956  | Director and writer of films including Gloria's Romance and Souls for Sale | [307]
Fred Niblo | 1874–1948  | Director, writer and producer of films including The Red Lily, Ben-Hur: A Tale of the Christ and The Enemy | [308]
Frank Craven | 1875–1945  | Writer for films including Sons of the Desert and Our Town | [309]
Lionel Barrymore | 1878–1954  | Director of films including Madame X (1929), The Unholy Night, and The Rogue Song |
Cecil B. DeMille | 1881–1959  | Director of films including The Greatest Show on Earth and The Ten Commandments (1956) | [305]
Donald Crisp | 1882–1974  | Director of films including The Navigator and Don Q, Son of Zorro | [310]
Louis B. Mayer | 1882 or 1884 or 1885–1957  | Co-founder of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and producer of films including Ben-Hur: A Tale of the Christ and Greed (1924)  | [311]
Sam Wood | 1883–1949  | Director of films including A Night at the Opera and Kings Row |
Raoul Walsh | 1887–1949  | Director of films including The Big Trail, The Roaring Twenties and White Heat | [312]
Victor Fleming | 1888–1949  | Director of films including The Wizard of Oz and Gone with the Wind | [313]
Maxwell Anderson | 1888–1959  | Writer of films including All Quiet on the Western Front (1930), The Wrong Man, and Ben-Hur (1959) | [314]
W. S. Van Dyke | 1889–1943  | Director of films including Tarzan the Ape Man, The Thin Man and San Francisco | [315]
Carey Wilson | 1889–1962  | Writer of films including Ben-Hur (1925) and Mutiny on the Bounty and producer of films including The Postman Always Rings Twice and Green Dolphin Street | [316]
Cedric Gibbons | 1890–1960  | Art director of films including The Wizard of Oz and Gaslight and designer of the Oscar statuette  | [317]
Clarence Brown | 1890–1987  | Director of films including Anna Karenina and The Human Comedy | [318]
George Marshall | 1891–1975  | Director of films including Destry Rides Again, The Blue Dahlia and How the West Was Won | [319]
Hal Roach | 1892–1992  | Producer, writer and director of films including the Laurel and Hardy franchise and Safety Last! | [306]
Charles Brackett | 1892–1969  | Writer and producer of films including The Lost Weekend and Sunset Boulevard | [320]
Harold Lloyd | 1893–1971  | Writer and producer of films including Safety Last!, The Kid Brother and A Girl, a Guy and a Gob | [321]
Howard J. Green | 1893–1965  | Writer of films including The Kid Brother and I Am a Fugitive from a Chain Gang | [322]
Merian C. Cooper | 1893–1973  | Director and producer of films including King Kong (1933) and This Is Cinerama |
John Ford | 1894–1973  | Director of films including The Searchers and The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance | [323]
King Vidor | 1894–1982  | Director of films including Northwest Passage and Duel in the Sun | [324]
Frank Borzage | 1894–1962  | Director of films including 7th Heaven | [325]
Tay Garnett | 1894–1943  | Director of films including China Seas and The Postman Always Rings Twice | [319]
Morrie Ryskind | 1895–1985  | Writer of films including A Night at the Opera and My Man Godfrey | [326]
William A. Wellman | 1896–1975  | Director of films including Beau Geste and The Ox-Bow Incident | [327]
Howard Hawks | 1896–1977  | Director of films including Scarface (1932), Red River (1948), The Thing from Another World, and Rio Bravo |
Walter Lang | 1896–1972  | Director of films including The King and I | [328]
Myles Connolly | 1897–1964  | Screenwriter of films including Mr. Smith Goes to Washington and State of the Union (film) | [329]
Frank Capra | 1897–1991  | Director of films including It's a Wonderful Life and Mr. Smith Goes to Washington | [330]
Preston Sturges | 1898–1959  | Director and writer of films including Sullivan's Travels  and The Lady Eve | [331]
Leo McCarey | 1898–1969  | Director of films including Duck Soup (1933) and An Affair to Remember |
Hal B. Wallis | 1898–1987  | Producer of films including Casablanca, The Adventures of Robin Hood and True Grit |
Norman Taurog | 1899–1981  | Director and writer of films including Boys Town and the Elvis Presley Movie Franchise | [332]
Irving Thalberg | 1899–1936  | Producer of films including Grand Hotel and A Night at the Opera | [333]
Borden Chase | 1900–1971  | Writer of films including Red River (1948 film) and Winchester '73 | [334]
Mervyn LeRoy | 1900-1987  | Director and producer of films including I Am a Fugitive from a Chain Gang and The Wizard of Oz | [335]
Mark Sandrich | 1900–1945  | Director and producer of films including Top Hat, Shall We Dance and So Proudly We Hail! | [336]
Walt Disney | 1901–1966  | Co-founder of The Walt Disney Company, also animator and film producer, helping to create films which included Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, Fantasia, Dumbo, Bambi, and Pinocchio (1940) |
David O. Selznick | 1902–1965  | Producer and executive producer of films including Gone with the Wind and Rebecca (1940) |
John Lee Mahin | 1902–1984  | Writer and producer of films including Captains Courageous and Heaven Knows, Mr. Allison | [337]
Fred Niblo Jr. | 1903–1973  | Writer of films including The Criminal Code | [338]
Casey Robinson | 1903–1979  | Writer and producer of films including Captain Blood and Now, Voyager | [339]
Robert Montgomery | 1904–1981  | Director of films including Ride the Pink Horse, Once More, My Darling, and Your Witness |
Martin Berkeley | 1904-1979  | Writer of films including Green Grass of Wyoming and Tarantula | [340][341]
Dick Powell | 1904–1963  | Director of films including Split Second and The Enemy Below |
David Butler | 1904–1979  | Director of films including Road to Morocco and Tea for Two | [342]
George Stevens | 1904–1975  | Director, writer and producer of films including A Place in the Sun, Shane and Giant and The Greatest Story Ever Told | [343]
Howard Hughes | 1905–1976  | Producer of films including Scarface (1932) and The Outlaw | [344]
John Wayne | 1907-1979  | Director and producer of films including "Bullfighter and the Lady" and "The Alamo (1960)"  | [345]
Joseph L. Mankiewicz | 1909–1993  | Director and writer of films including A Letter to Three Wives and All About Eve | [346]
Charlton Heston | 1923–2008  | Director and screenwriter of films including Antony and Cleopatra | [347]
Jerry Lewis | 1926–2017  | Director and writer of films including The Nutty Professor and The Day the Clown Cried | [348][349]
Stanley Kubrick | 1928–1999  | Director of films including Dr. Strangelove, 2001: A Space Odyssey, and The Shining | [350][351]
William Peter Blatty | 1928–2017  | Writer of films including The Exorcist, as well as the director and writer of The Ninth Configuration and The Exorcist III | [352][353]
Roger MacBride | 1929–1995  | Producer of Little House on the Prairie |
James Lee Barrett | 1929–1989  | Writer and producer of films including The Greatest Story Ever Told, The Cheyenne Social Club and Smokey and the Bandit | [354]
Clint Eastwood | 1930–  | Director of films including High Plains Drifter, Unforgiven, Mystic River, Letters from Iwo Jima, Gran Torino, American Sniper, and Richard Jewell |
Stan Brakhage | 1933–2003  | American experimental filmmaker and writer of films including Mothlight and Dog Star Man | [355]
Gerald R. Molen | 1935–  | Producer and executive producer of films including Days of Thunder, Jurassic Park, Schindler's List, Casper, and Twister | [356]
Dennis Hopper | 1936–2010  | Director and writer of Easy Rider and The Last Movie | [357]
Paul Morrissey | 1938–2024  | Director and writer of films including Women in Revolt, Flesh for Frankenstein, and Blood for Dracula | [358]
Lionel Chetwynd | 1940–  | Director and writer of The Hanoi Hilton | [356]
Michael Crichton | 1942–2008  | Writer of films including the Jurassic Park franchise  | [359][360]
Jerry Bruckheimer | 1943–  | Producer of film series including Beverly Hills Cop, Pirates of the Caribbean, and National Treasure |
Roger L. Simon | 1943–  | Screenwriter of films including The Big Fix and Enemies, A Love Story | [356]
John Milius | 1944–  | Writer of Dirty Harry and Apocalypse Now, directed films including Conan the Barbarian (1982) and Red Dawn |
Ivan Reitman | 1946–2022  | Director of films including Ghostbusters, Ghostbusters II, Kindergarten Cop, and Dave | [361]
Sylvester Stallone | 1946–  | Writer of films including Rocky, Rambo, and Cobra and director of films including Rocky IV and The Expendables | [362]
James Woods | 1947–  | Producer of Cop and Another Day in Paradise; executive producer of Northfork and Oppenheimer |
David Zucker | 1947–  | Director and writer of Airplane! and The Naked Gun: From the Files of Police Squad! | [357]
David Mamet | 1947–  | Director and writer of Heist (2001), as well as the writer of films including The Untouchables, Glengarry Glen Ross, Wag the Dog, and Hannibal (2001) | [363]
Arnold Schwarzenegger | 1947–  | Producer of films including Maggie and Aftermath; executive producer of Last Action Hero | [364]
John Swartzwelder | 1949–  | Writer and producer for The Simpsons | [365]
John Hughes | 1950–2009  | Director and writer of films including Sixteen Candles, Weird Science, The Breakfast Club, Ferris Bueller's Day Off, and Planes, Trains and Automobiles | [366][367]
Bob Gale | 1951–  | Writer and producer of films including the Back to the Future series  |
Whit Stillman | 1952–  | Director of Metropolitan, Barcelona, and The Last Days of Disco | [368]
Roseanne Barr | 1952–  | Executive producer of Roseanne | [369]
Robert Davi | 1953–  | Director of The Dukes and My Son Hunter |
Gary Sinise | 1955–  | Director and producer of Of Mice and Men |
Morgan Mason | 1955–  | Executive producer of Sex, Lies, and Videotape |
Joel Surnow | 1955–  | Writer and producer of television shows including 24 and The Equalizer | [370]
Zeph E. Daniel | 1955?–  | Writer of films including Society, Bride of Re-Animator, Silent Night, Deadly Night 4: Initiation, and Girl Next | [371]
Mel Gibson | 1956–  | Director of films including Braveheart, The Passion of the Christ, and Apocalypto |
Cyrus Nowrasteh | 1956–  | Director of films including The Stoning of Soraya M. and Infidel | [372]
Douglas Urbanski | 1957–  | Producer of Darkest Hour and Mank; executive producer of Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy, The Hitman's Bodyguard, and Slow Horses | [373]
Daniel Knauf | 1958 or 1961–  | Writer and executive producer of television shows including Carnivàle, Spartacus: Blood and Sand, and The Blacklist |
Sam Raimi | 1959–  | Director of films including The Evil Dead and the Spider-Man trilogy |
Vincent Gallo | 1962–  | Director and writer of Buffalo '66 and The Brown Bunny | [374]
Steven Mnuchin | 1962–  | Producer and executive producer of films including The Lego Movie, Edge of Tomorrow, American Sniper, Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice, The Conjuring 2, and Wonder Woman |
Pat Dollard | 1964–  | Producer of films including Auto Focus and Julie Walking Home | [372]
Michael J. Nelson | 1964–  | Writer for Mystery Science Theater 3000 |
Doug TenNapel | 1966–  | Creator, director, and producer of Earthworm Jim and Catscratch | [375]
Adam Sandler | 1966–  | Writer of films including Billy Madison and Happy Gilmore; executive producer of films including Hotel Transylvania | [376]
Scott Cawthon | 1978–  | Writer of Five Nights at Freddy's | [377]
Dallas Sonnier | 1980–  | Producer of films including Bone Tomahawk, Brawl in Cell Block 99, Dragged Across Concrete, and What Is a Woman? |

### Novelists, poets, and short story writers

[edit]

Jack Kerouac was a lifelong Republican, being quoted as saying: "My father and my mother and my sister and I have always voted Republican, always."[378] Poet E. E. Cummings was a devout Republican who supported Calvin Coolidge and later on Senator Joseph McCarthy[379] Crime fiction writer James Ellroy's works frequently touch on topics such as political corruption Name  | Lifetime  | Notability  | Ref.

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Ambrose Bierce | 1842 – 1914  | Author of An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge, Tales of Soldiers and Civilians, The Moonlit Road, and The Devil's Dictionary | [380]
Edith Wharton | 1862 – 1937  | Pulitzer Prize author of The Age of Innocence, The House of Mirth, and Ethan Frome | [381]
Laura Ingalls Wilder | 1867 – 1957  | Author of Little House on the Prairie | [382]
Grace Miller White | 1868 – 1957  | Author of Judy of Rogue's Harbor and Tess of the Storm Country | [383]
Booth Tarkington | 1869 – 1946  | Pulitzer Prize author of The Magnificent Ambersons and Alice Adams | [384]
Albert Jay Nock | 1870 – 1945  | Author of Our Enemy, the State | [385]
Willa Cather | 1873 – 1947  | Author of O Pioneers! and My Ántonia | [386]
Gertrude Stein | 1874 – 1946  | Author of The Autobiography of Alice B. Toklas | [387]
Robert Frost | 1874 – 1963  | Author of A Boy's Will and North of Boston | [388]
Edgar Rice Burroughs | 1875 – 1950  | Creator of Tarzan and John Carter | [389]
Wallace Stevens | 1879 – 1955  | Pulitzer Prize author of Harmonium and poems including "The Idea of Order at Key West" and "Thirteen Ways of Looking at a Blackbird"  | [390]
Kathleen Norris | 1880 – 1966  | Author of My Best Girl and Passion Flower | [391]
Clarence Budington Kelland | 1881 – 1964  | Author of Speak Easily and Scattergood Baines |
John Gould Fletcher | 1886 – 1950  | Pulitzer Prize poet of Irradiations: Sand and Spray |
Robinson Jeffers | 1887 – 1962  | Author of "Shine, Perishing Republic" and The Double Axe and Other Poems | [392]
Marianne Moore | 1887 – 1972  | Author of O to Be a Dragon | [393]
John Crowe Ransom | 1888 – 1974  | Author of The New Criticism and editor of The Kenyon Review | [394]
Katherine Anne Porter | 1890 – 1980  | Pulitzer Prize author of Ship of Fools and The Collected Stories of Katherine Anne Porter |
Claude McKay | 1890 – 1948  | Author of Songs of Jamaica and Harlem Shadows | [395]
H. P. Lovecraft | 1890 – 1937  | Author of "The Call of Cthulhu", At the Mountains of Madness, and The Shadow over Innsmouth | [396]
Zora Neale Hurston | 1891 – 1960  | Author of Their Eyes Were Watching God | [397][398]
Donald Davidson | 1893 – 1968  | Author of I'll Take My Stand and Singin' Billy |
E. E. Cummings | 1894 – 1962  | Author of Tulips and Chimneys and 1 × 1 | [399]
Robert Hillyer | 1895 – 1961  | Pulitzer Prize author of The Collected Verse of Robert Hillyer | [400]
Caroline Gordon | 1895 – 1981  | Author of None Shall Look Back and The Strange Children | [401]
Louis Bromfield | 1896 – 1956  | Pulitzer Prize author of Early Autumn |
John Dos Passos | 1896 – 1970  | Author of the U.S.A. trilogy | [402][403]
William Faulkner | 1897 – 1962  | Nobel Laureate author of The Sound and the Fury, As I Lay Dying, and Absalom, Absalom! |
E. Hoffmann Price | 1898 – 1988  | Author of The Devil Wives of Li Fong | [404]
Vladimir Nabokov | 1899 – 1977  | Author of Lolita and Pale Fire | [405]
Allen Tate | 1899 – 1979  | Poet Laureate and author of "Ode to the Confederate Dead"  |
Margaret Mitchell | 1900– 1949  | Pulitzer Prize author of Gone with the Wind |
Taylor Caldwell | 1900 – 1985  | Author of Dynasty of Death and Captains and the Kings | [406]
Andrew Nelson Lytle | 1902 – 1995  | Author of The Velvet Horn | [407]
James Gould Cozzens | 1903 – 1978  | Pulitzer Prize author of Guard of Honor and By Love Possessed | [408]
Isaac Bashevis Singer | 1904 – 1991  | Nobel Laureate author of Satan in Goray, The Magician of Lublin, and Shadows on the Hudson | [409]
H. Beam Piper | 1904 – 1964  | Author of Space Viking | [410]
Joseph Campbell | 1904 – 1987  | Author of The Hero with a Thousand Faces | [411]
John O'Hara | 1905 – 1970  | Author of Appointment in Samarra and BUtterfield 8 | [412]
Robert E. Howard | 1906 – 1936  | Creator of Conan the Barbarian and Solomon Kane | [413]
John Dickson Carr | 1906 – 1977  | Author of The Hollow Man and The Burning Court |
Robert A. Heinlein | 1907 – 1988  | Author of Starship Troopers, Stranger in a Strange Land, and The Moon Is a Harsh Mistress | [414][415]
Louis L’Amour | 1908 – 1988  | Author of Shalako and The Walking Drum and Last of the Breed | [416]
Wallace Stegner | 1909 – 1993  | Pulitzer Prize author of Angle of Repose and The Spectator Bird | [417]
John W. Campbell | 1910 – 1971  | Editor of Analog Science Fiction and Fact and author of Who Goes There? | [418]
Robert Lewis Taylor | 1912 – 1998  | Pulitzer Prize author of The Travels of Jaimie McPheeters | [419]
Cordwainer Smith | 1913 – 1966  | Author of Norstrilia and The Rediscovery of Man | [420]
William S. Burroughs | 1914 – 1997  | Author of Junkie and Naked Lunch | [421]
R. A. Lafferty | 1914 – 2002  | Author of Paster Master and Fourth Mansions | [422]
Saul Bellow | 1915 – 2005  | Nobel Laureate author of Seize the Day, Henderson the Rain King, Herzog, Mr. Sammler's Planet, Humboldt's Gift, and Ravelstein | [423][424][425]
Herman Wouk | 1915 – 2019  | Pulitzer Prize author of The Caine Mutiny and The Winds of War | [426]
Jack Vance | 1916 – 2013  | Author of Dying Earth and Emphyrio | [427]
Walker Percy | 1916 – 1990  | Author of The Moviegoer and The Last Gentleman | [428]
Louis Auchincloss | 1917 – 2010  | Author of The Cat and the King and Her Infinite Variety | [429]
Edwin O'Connor | 1918 – 1968  | Pulitzer Prize author of The Last Hurrah and The Edge of Sadness | [430]
Allen Drury | 1918 – 1998  | Pulitzer Prize author of Advise and Consent | [431]
Mickey Spillane | 1918 – 2006  | Author of I, the Jury | [432]
Ray Bradbury | 1920 – 2012  | Author of Fahrenheit 451, The Martian Chronicles, and The Illustrated Man | [433]
Frank Herbert | 1920 – 1986  | Creator of the Dune universe | [434][435]
James Clavell | 1921 – 1994  | Author of King Rat and Shōgun |
Jack Kerouac | 1922 – 1969  | Author of On the Road and The Dharma Bums | [436][437][438][439]
Anthony Hecht | 1923 – 2004  | Pulitzer Prize poet of A Summoning of Stones and The Hard Hours | [440]
Norman Mailer | 1923 – 2007  | Author of The Naked and the Dead and The Executioner's Song | [441][442]
Richard Hooker | 1924 – 1997  | Author of MASH: A Novel About Three Army Doctors | [443]
Poul Anderson | 1926 – 2001  | Author of The Broken Sword and There Will Be Time | [444]
Guy Davenport | 1927 – 2005  | Author of Da Vinci's Bicycle and The Logia of Yeshua | [445]
Philip K. Dick | 1928 – 1982  | Author of The Man in the High Castle, Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?, and Ubik | [446][447][448]
Ira Levin | 1929 – 2007  | Author of Deathtrap, Rosemary's Baby, and The Boys from Brazil |
Tom Wolfe | 1930 – 2018  | Author of The Bonfire of the Vanities and I Am Charlotte Simmons |
Charles McCarry | 1930 – 2019  | Author of The Miernik Dossier and The Tears of Autumn | [449]
Gene Wolfe | 1931 – 2019  | Author of The Book of the New Sun | [450]
Clive Cussler | 1931 – 2020  | Author of the Dirk Pitt series  | [451]
John Gardner | 1933 – 1982  | Author of Grendel and The Sunlight Dialogues | [452]
Jerry Pournelle | 1933 – 2017  | Author of The Mote in God's Eye and The Prince | [453]
Cormac McCarthy | 1933 – 2023  | Author of Blood Meridian, No Country for Old Men, and The Road | [454]
Larry Niven | 1938 –  | Author of The Mote in God's Eye and Lucifer's Hammer | [455]
Tito Perdue | 1938 –  | Author of Lee | [456]
Robin Cook | 1940 –  | Author of Coma, Sphinx, and Brain |
Nelson DeMille | 1943 –  | Author of Plum Island, The Charm School, and The Gold Coast | [457]
Dean Koontz | 1945 –  | Author of Odd Thomas | [458]
Edward Cline | 1946 –  | Author of Sparrowhawk |
Tom Clancy | 1947 – 2013  | Author of The Hunt for Red October, Patriot Games, and Without Remorse |
Mark Helprin | 1947 –  | Author of Winter's Tale, A Soldier of the Great War, and Freddy and Fredericka |
Robert Jordan | 1947 – 2007  | Creator of the Wheel of Time series  | [459]
Robert Ferrigno | 1947 –  | Author of Prayers for the Assassin | [460]
Terry Goodkind | 1948 – 2020  | Author of The Sword of Truth and The Law of Nines | [461]
James Ellroy | 1948 –  | Author of The Black Dahlia and L.A. Confidential | [462]
Dan Simmons | 1948 –  | Author of Song of Kali and the Hyperion Cantos series  | [463][464]
Orson Scott Card | 1951 –  | Author of Ender's Game and Speaker for the Dead | [465]
Thomas Mallon | 1951 –  | Former deputy chairman for the National Endowment for the Humanities; author of Henry and Clara and Dewey Defeats Truman | [466]
Brad Linaweaver | 1952 – 2019  | Author of Moon of Ice and Sliders | [467]
Andrew Klavan | 1954 –  | Author of Empire of Lies |
Tom Kratman | 1956 –  | Author of A Desert Called Peace and Watch on the Rhine | [468]
Lionel Shriver | 1957 –  | Author of We Need to Talk About Kevin | [469]
Mark M. Goldblatt | 1957 –  | Author of Africa Speaks and Twerp | [470]
Robert Girardi | 1961 –  | Author of Madeleine's Ghost and Gorgeous East
John C. Wright | 1961 –  | Author of The Golden Oecumene | [471]
David Foster Wallace | 1962 – 2008  | Author of Infinite Jest and The Pale King | [472][473]
Sarah A. Hoyt | 1962 –  | Author of Darkship Thieves and Uncharted | [474]
John Ringo | 1963 –  | Author of the Empire of Man series  |
Tony Daniel | 1963 –  | Author of Metaplanetary | [475]
Nicholas Sparks | 1965 –  | Author of The Notebook and A Walk to Remember |
Joel C. Rosenberg | 1967 –  | Author of The Ezekiel Option |
Michael Z. Williamson | 1967 –  | Author of Freehold and Forged in Blood | [citation needed]
Brad Thor | 1969 –  | Author of The Lions of Lucerne and The Last Patriot |
Larry Correia | 1977 –  | Author of Son of the Black Sword and Monster Hunter International | [476]

### Comic book writers and artists

[edit]

Name  | Lifetime  | Notability  | Ref.

|
|
|

Chuck Dixon | 1954-  | Writer for series and stories including Batman, Batman: Knightfall, and The Punisher (1987) |
Bill Willingham | 1956-  | Writer and artist for series including Elementals and Fables | [477]
Ethan Van Sciver | 1974-  | Artist for series including The Flash: Rebirth, Green Lantern: Rebirth, and Sinestro Corps War |

## Organizations

[edit]

### Think tanks

[edit]

Hoover Tower at Stanford University, location of the Hoover Institution Library and Archives Name  | Founded/defunct  | Notability  | Ref.

|
|
|

Acton Institute | 1990–  | promotes "individual liberty ... sustained by religious principles"  | [478]
American Enterprise Institute | 1938–  | promotes fiscal conservatism | [478]
Claremont Institute | 1979–  | promotes Straussianism | [478]
Competitive Enterprise Institute | 1984–  | promotes limited government | [478]
Discovery Institute | 1990–  | promotes teaching religious viewpoints in science classes  | [478]
The Heartland Institute | 1984–  | promotes libertarian conservatism and climate change denial | [479][480]
The Heritage Foundation | 1973–  | promotes "[c]onservative social values"  | [478]
Hoover Institution | 1919–  | promotes "a free and peaceful society"  | [478]
Hudson Institute | 1961–  | promotes neoconservatism | [481]
Manhattan Institute for Policy Research | 1977–  | promotes privatization and limited government  | [479][482]
Mercatus Center | 1980–  | promotes libertarian and free-market ideas  | [479]
Mises Institute | 1982–  | promotes Austrian school economics and anarcho-capitalism | [479]

### Foundations

[edit]

Name  | Founded/defunct  | Notability  | Ref.

|
|
|

Bradley Foundation | founded in 1942  | financially supports Republican-leaning think tanks  | [483][484]
John Templeton Foundation | founded in 1987  | [483]
Koch family foundations | founded in 1953  | gives millions of dollars to a variety of organizations  | [483][485]
Lovett and Ruth Peters Foundation | founded in 1994  |  | [486]
Mercer Family Foundation |  | gives millions of dollars to conservative organizations  | [487]
Olin Foundation | defunct in 2005  | financially supports Republican-leaning think tanks  | [488][484]
Pacific Legal Foundation | Founded in 1973  | Public interest law firm that defends Americans’ liberties when threatened by government overreach and abuse.  | [489]
Prager University Foundation (PragerU) | 2009  | publishes weekly conservative videos which have garnered over 2 billion total views  | [490]
Richard and Helen DeVos Foundation | founded in 1970  | gives millions of dollars to conservative organizations  | [147]
Scaife Foundations | founded in 2014  | financially supports Republican-leaning think tanks  | [491][484]
Searle Freedom Trust | founded in 1998  | financially supports Republican-leaning think tanks  | [484][491]
Smith Richardson Foundation | founded in 1935  | financially supports Republican-leaning think tanks  | [483][484]

### Political, social and economic organizations

[edit]

Headquarters of Focus on the Family in Colorado Springs, Colorado U.S. Chamber of Commerce Building in Washington, D.C. Name  | Founded/defunct  | Notability  | Ref.

|
|
|

Alliance Defending Freedom | 1994–  | Christian legal organization  | [492]
American Conservative Union | 1964–  | organization "with the aim of coordinating and guiding American conservatism"  | [493]
American Family Association | 1977–  | lobbying organization  | [494]
American Legislative Exchange Council | 1973–  | organization that helps state legislators write bills  | [495][496]
Americans for Prosperity | 2004–  | Tea Party movement organization  | [497]
Club for Growth | 1999–  | political action committee  | [498]
Concerned Women for America | 1978–  | conservative women's organization formed by Beverly LaHaye | [499][500]
Council for National Policy | 1981–  | elite organization that meets three times a year  | [501]
Faith and Freedom Coalition | 2009–  | Republican fundraising organization  | [502]
Family Research Council | 1983-  | conservative Christian organization  | [503]
Federalist Society | 1982–  | legal organization  | [504]
Focus on the Family | 1977–  | Christian organization  | [147]
FreedomWorks | 2004–  | grassroots organization  | [505]
Independent Women's Forum | 1992–  | conservative women's organization  | [506]
John Birch Society | 1958–  | ultraconservative organization  | [507]
Judicial Watch | 1994–  | educational foundation  | [508]
State Policy Network | 1992–  | organization of state-based groups  | [509][510]
Turning Point Action | 2019  | political advocacy group  | [511][512]
Turning Point USA | 2012–  | grassroots organization based on College, High School and Church Campuses  | [513][514]
US Chamber of Commerce | 1912–  | pro-business lobbying organization  | [515]
Young Americans for Freedom | 1960–  | organization formed by William F. Buckley Jr. | [115]

## Media

[edit]

Main article: Alternative media (U.S. political right)

The studios of Fox News in 2009 The newsroom of The Washington Times Name  | Founded/defunct  | Notability  | Ref.

|
|
|

The American Conservative | 2002–  | Paleoconservative magazine founded by Patrick J. Buchanan | [516]
The American Spectator | 1967–  | publication known for its investigations of Bill Clinton during his presidency  | [517]
Blaze Media | 2018–  | news outlet from 2018 merger of Glenn Beck's TheBlaze and Mark Levin's CRTV  | [518]
Breitbart News | 2007–  | website formerly headed by Steve Bannon | [519][520][521][522][523]
Chronicles |  | monthly magazine that promotes "Western civilization"  | [516]
CNSNews | 1998–  | website founded by L. Brent Bozell III | [524]
Commentary | 1945–  | neoconservative monthly magazine edited by John Podhoretz | [525]
The Daily Caller | 2010–  | website founded by Tucker Carlson | [526]
The Daily Wire | 2015–  | website and media company founded by Ben Shapiro and Jeremy Boreing |
The Detroit News | 1873–  | one of the two major newspapers in the U.S. city of Detroit, Michigan | [527]
Drudge Report | 1995–  | website founded by Matt Drudge  | [528][183][529]
Fox News | 1996–  | cable outlet  | [530]
Free Republic | 1997–  | website that promotes "front-line conservative activism"  | [531][532]
FrontPage |  | website edited by David Horowitz | [533]
Human Events | 1944–  | weekly news magazine  | [516]
National Review | 1955–  | magazine founded by William F. Buckley | [525]
New Hampshire Union Leader | 1863–  | daily newspaper of Manchester, New Hampshire | [534]
New York Post | 1801–  | daily newspaper owned by News Corp | [516]
Newsmax Media | 1998–  | media firm headed by Christopher Ruddy | [535]
One America News Network | 2013–  | cable channel  | [536]
Reader's Digest | 1922–  | magazine founded by George and Lila Acheson Wallace  | [537]
RedState | 2004–  | website owned by Salem Media | [538]
Regnery Publishing | 1947–  | publishing house  | [539]
Sinclair Broadcast Group | 1971–  | telecommunications company founded by Julian Sinclair Smith | [540]
Townhall.com | 1995–  | website that hosts conservative commentary  | [541]
The Bulwark | 2018–  | founded by Charlie Sykes and Bill Kristol
The Epoch Times | 2000-  | newspaper and news website  |
The Wall Street Journal | 1889–  | daily newspaper owned by Rupert Murdoch | [516]
The Washington Free Beacon | 2012–  | news website  | [542]
The Washington Times | 1982–  | daily newspaper that covers politics  | [516]
The Weekly Standard | 1995–2018  | weekly magazine that covered politics  | [516]
WorldNetDaily | 1997–  | news website  | [543][544]

## See also

[edit]

* List of American liberals
* List of American libertarians
* List of British conservatives
* List of Latino Republicans
* List of African-American Republicans
* List of politicians affiliated with the Tea Party movement
* List of paleoconservative organizations
* List of anti-abortion organizations in the United States

## References

[edit]

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521. ^ "Breitbart News was already contending with an exodus of advertisers. Now the public face of the conservative outlet is gone." Smith, Gerry. "Breitbart Rift With Bannon Gives Conservative Rivals an Opening." Bloomberg.com. 10 January 2018. 22 June 2018.
522. ^ "President Donald Trump's growing feud with Steve Bannon is threatening the former White House strategist's leadership of the conservative Breitbart News website." Bykowicz, Julie, et al. "Breitbart Owners Debate Ousting Bannon Amid Trump Feud." The Wall Street Journal. 4 January 2018. 25 June 2018.
523. ^ "Former White House political strategist Steve Bannon has stepped down from Breitbart News Network, a conservative website for which he had served as executive chairman." Gonzales, Richard. "Steve Bannon Out At Breitbart News." NPR. 9 January 2018. 25 June 2018.
524. ^ Hafner, Katie (June 18, 1998). "New Conservative News Site Will Fill a Void, Founder Says". The New York Times. Retrieved September 4, 2017.
525. ^ a b Cohen, Patricia. "Conservative Magazines ...." The New York Times. 12 June 2009. 17 May 2017.
526. ^ Wilkie, Christina (January 11, 2010). "The Daily Caller launches conservative answer to Huffington Post". The Hill. Washington, D.C. Retrieved May 25, 2017. "Widely characterized as a conservative answer to Arianna Huffington's hugely successful, left-leaning Huffington Post, the Daily Caller combines aggregated news from across the web with original reporting, video clips, and guest contributors." Stein, Ken (November 23, 2016). "My Descent into the Right-Wing Media Vortex". Vanity Fair. Condé Nast. Retrieved May 25, 2017. "The Daily Caller, the conservative Web site that Carlson himself co-founded and still runs, would later praise the show for its "epic ratings premiere", but Tucker Carlson Tonight wasn't doing it for me." Maeres, Joel (July–August 2011). "The Great Right Hype". Columbia Journalism Review. New York: Columbia University. Retrieved May 25, 2017. "With its conservative tone and story list, The Daily Caller reads more like a twenty-sixth Fox News than New York's storied gray lady."
527. ^ "Conservative 'Detroit News' can't get behind Trump's re-election". Archived from the original on December 28, 2020. Retrieved December 8, 2020.
528. ^ Lee Banville (December 12, 2016). Covering American Politics in the 21st Century: An Encyclopedia of News Media Titans, Trends, and Controversies [2 volumes]. ABC-CLIO. pp. 193–195\. ISBN 978-1-4408-3553-7.
529. ^ Tim Groseclose, PhD (July 19, 2011). Left Turn: How Liberal Media Bias Distorts the American Mind. St. Martin's Press. p. 21\. ISBN 978-1-4299-8746-2. Roger Chapman; James Ciment (March 17, 2015). Culture Wars: An Encyclopedia of Issues, Viewpoints and Voices. Routledge. p. 179\. ISBN 978-1-317-47351-0.
530. ^ Flock, Elizabeth. "Sun Myung Moon's Death Leaves Conservative Newspaper at a Crossroads." U.S. News & World Report. 4 September 2012. 19 May 2017.
531. ^ "Conservatives 'fed up' with protesters". usatoday30.usatoday.com. Retrieved May 4, 2017.
532. ^ Eric Alterman (December 17, 2008). What Liberal Media?: The Truth about Bias and the News. Basic Books. p. 101\. ISBN 978-0-7867-4093-2. Jonathan Miller (November 25, 2014). The Compassionate Community: Ten Values to Unite America. St. Martin's Press. p. 176\. ISBN 978-1-4668-8590-5. Jim A. Kuypers (November 21, 2013). Partisan Journalism: A History of Media Bias in the United States. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p. 157\. ISBN 978-1-4422-2594-7.
533. ^ Sherry R. Truffin (March 26, 2009). Schoolhouse Gothic: Haunted Hallways and Predatory Pedagogues in Late Twentieth-Century American Literature and Scholarship. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. p. 156\. ISBN 978-1-4438-0663-3. David Sterritt (November 25, 2014). The Cinema of Clint Eastwood: Chronicles of America. Columbia University Press. p. 224\. ISBN 978-0-231-85071-1. Akin, Stephanie (February 13, 2017). "The Other 'Steve' in the White House". Roll Call. Washington, D.C. Archived from the original on February 16, 2017. Retrieved May 25, 2017. "After the 9/11 attacks, he went on a crusade against what he later described on the conservative website FrontPage Magazine as "anti-Americanism [that] had spread over the school like a rash.""
534. ^ "Conservative NH Newspaper Endorses Biden, First Democrat in 100 Years". spectrumlocalnews.com.
535. ^ "Google to Co-Host This Event With Conservative News Site Newsmax." Fortune. 11 October 2017. 13 July 2018.
536. ^ "Bill O'Reilly: Conservative News Outlets likely to Pounce Post Fox News Ouster". Variety. April 19, 2017.
537. ^ Linda Kintz; Julia Lesage (1998). Media, Culture, and the Religious Right. U of Minnesota Press. p. 252\. ISBN 978-0-8166-3085-1. Robert Gregg; Gary W. McDonogh; Cindy H. Wong (November 10, 2005). Encyclopedia of Contemporary American Culture. Routledge. p. 1645\. ISBN 978-1-134-71928-0. Lee Edwards (July 23, 1999). The Conservative Revolution: The Movement that Remade America. Simon & Schuster. p. 294\. ISBN 978-0-684-84421-3.
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539. ^ Neary, Lynn (April 12, 2017). "Trump's Win Changed The Game For Publishers On The Left And The Right". All Things Considered. PBS. Retrieved May 26, 2017. "Regnery books — which marks its 70th anniversary this year — is the grand old dame of conservative publishing." Milliot, Jim (March 17, 2017). "Regnery Publishing: More Than Just Politics". Publishers Weekly. PWxyz, LLC. Retrieved May 26, 2017. "As a publisher of conservative books, Regnery faced the prospect of its readership losing some interest in its titles now that Republicans are back in power."
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* v
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Conservatism in the United States

Schools|

* Compassionate
* Fiscal
* Fusion
* Libertarian
* Moderate
* Movement
* Neo-
* Paleo-
* Postliberal
* Progressive
* Social
* Traditionalist

Principles|

* American exceptionalism
* Anti-communism
* Christian nationalism
* Classical liberalism
* Communitarianism
* Constitutionalism
* Familialism
* Family values
* Federalism
* States' rights
* Gender essentialism
* Complementarianism
* Judeo-Christian values
* Individualism
* Law and order
* Limited government
* Militarism
* Moral absolutism
* Natural law
* Ordered liberty
* Patriotism
* Protectionism
* Republicanism
* Right to bear arms
* Rule of law
* Tradition

People|

| Presidents|

* Adams (John)
* Adams (John Quincy)
* G. H. W. Bush
* G. W. Bush
* Cleveland
* Coolidge
* Harding
* Hoover
* McKinley
* Nixon
* Reagan
* W. H. Taft
* Trump
* Washington

|

Jurists|

* Alito
* Barrett
* Bork
* Burger
* Colson
* George
* Goldsmith
* Gorsuch
* Harlan II
* Kavanaugh
* Kennedy
* O'Connor
* Parker
* Rehnquist
* Roberts
* Scalia
* Sessions
* Sutherland
* Taft
* Thomas
* Vermeule
* Yoo

Intellectuals|

* Adams
* Anton
* Babbitt
* Bacevich
* Bell
* Bellow
* Bloom
* Boorstin
* Buckley
* Burnham
* Calhoun
* Chambers
* Conquest
* Deneen
* Eastman
* Eliot
* Genovese
* Gottfried
* Hanson
* Hazony
* Hoppe
* Hurston
* Jaffa
* Kendall
* Kimball
* Kirk
* Kirkpatrick
* Kreeft
* Kristol
* Kuehnelt-Leddihn
* Lasch
* Lind
* Lovecraft
* Loury
* Lukacs
* Mansfield
* Mencken
* Meyer
* Molnar
* Murray
* Nisbet
* O'Connor
* Ong
* Ransom
* Rieff
* Santayana
* Sowell
* Strauss
* Viereck
* Voegelin
* Washington
* Weaver
* Yarvin

Other figures|

* Ailes
* Atwater
* Beck
* Breitbart
* Carlson
* Cheney
* Coulter
* Cruz
* DeSantis
* Dilling
* Elder
* Falwell
* Gingrich
* Giuliani
* Goldwater
* Hannity
* Ingraham
* Levin
* Limbaugh
* Lindbergh
* Lodge
* Lovecraft
* McCain
* McCarthy
* McConnell
* Novak
* O'Reilly
* Palin
* Rand Paul
* Ron Paul
* Pence
* Perot
* Quayle
* Romney
* Rove
* Rumsfeld
* Ryan
* Sessions
* Schlafly
* Shapiro
* Stone
* Robert A. Taft
* Booker T. Washington

Parties|

* American Party
* American Independent Party
* Conservative Party of New York State
* Constitution Party
* Republican Party
* Anti-Masonic Party
* Constitutional Union Party
* Democratic Party (historically, factions)
* Boll weevils
* Conservative Democrats
* Dixiecrats
* Reagan Democrats
* Southern Democrats
* Rhode Island Suffrage Party
* Federalist Party
* National Republican Party
* Native American Party
* Whig Party

Movements|

* Alt-right
* Asian and Pacific Islander
* Black
* Christian right
* Dark Enlightenment
* Female
* Green
* Hispanic and Latino
* LGBT
* Libertarian Republicans
* Militia movement
* Patriot movement
* Christian
* Radical Right
* Reactionary feminism
* Tea Party movement
* Trumpism

Think tanks|

* Acton Institute
* AdTI
* AEI
* AFP
* CSP
* CfNI
* Claremont Institute
* CEI
* CSPC
* EPPC
* FRI
* Gatestone Institute
* Heartland Institute
* The Heritage Foundation
* Heritage Action
* Mandate for Leadership
* Project Esther
* Project 2025
* Hoover Institution
* Hudson Institute
* ISI
* James Madison Program
* Leadership Institute
* Manhattan Institute
* Mises Institute
* PRI
* PNAC (Defunct)
* Ripon Society
* R Street Institute
* Rockford Institute
* SPN
* Sutherland Institute
* Tax Foundation
* Witherspoon Institute

Historical factions|

* Bourbon Democrats
* Dixiecrats
* Loyalists
* Old Right
* Redeemers
* Southern Agrarians

Literature|

* Democracy in America (1835–1840)
* Democracy and Leadership (1924)
* I'll Take My Stand (1930)
* Our Enemy, the State (1935)
* The Managerial Revolution (1941)
* Ideas Have Consequences (1948)
* God and Man at Yale (1951)
* The Conservative Mind (1953)
* The Conscience of a Conservative (1960)
* A Choice Not an Echo (1964)
* Losing Ground (1984)
* A Conflict of Visions (1987)
* The Closing of the American Mind (1987)
* The Bell Curve (1994)
* A Republic, Not an Empire (1999)
* Hillbilly Elegy (2017)
* The Benedict Option (2017)
* Why Liberalism Failed (2018)

See also|

* American nationalism
* Bibliography of conservatism in the United States
* List of American conservatives
* National conservatism
* Southern strategy

* Conservatism portal

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