List of Brazilian satellites

SCD-2 being readied at Inpe

This list covers all satellites developed totally or partially in Brazil. Since Brazil does not currently have orbital launch capability and has historically had to rely on other countries.

## List

[edit]

### Scientific and remote sensing

[edit]

Key

Destroyed during launch or on the pad.

Designation  | Class  | Launch  | Deployment  | Mission status  | Summary

|
|
|
|
|

Date  | Site  | Vehicle  | Date  | Orbit  | Vehicle
1990s
Dove-OSCAR 17 | Cubesat | 22 January 1990  |  Kourou Space Centre |  Ariane 40 H10 | 22 January 1990  | Low Earth Orbit | N/A  | Operated until March 1998.[1] | Brazil's first privately designed amateur radio satellite.[1]
SCD-1 | Satellite | 9 February 1993  |  Kennedy Space Center |  Pegasus 003/F3 | 9 February 1993  | Low Earth Orbit | N/A  | In operation.  | First satellite developed by INPE.[2]
SCD-2A | Satellite | 2 November 1997  |  Alcântara Space Center |  VLS-1 V1 | N/A  | N/A  | N/A  | Destroyed at launch.[3] | Second satellite developed by INPE.[3]
SCD-2 | Satellite | 23 October 1998  |  Cape Canaveral Space Force Station |  Pegasus | 23 October 1998  | Low Earth Orbit | N/A  | In operation.  | Third satellite developed by INPE.[4]
CBERS-1 | Satellite | 14 October 1999  |  Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center |  Long March 4B | 14 October 1999  | Sun-synchronous orbit | N/A  | Decommissioned in August 2003.[5] | First satellite from the program CBERS.[6][7]
SACI-1 | Microsatellite | It lost contact shortly after entering orbit.[8] | It aimed to carry out university experiments selected by the Brazilian Academy of Sciences. The programme was terminated after the loss of the second satellite.[9]
SACI-2 | Microsatellite | 11 December 1999  |  Alcântara Space Center |  VLS-1 V2 | N/A  | N/A  | N/A  | Destroyed at launch.[9]
2000s
CBERS-2 | Satellite | 21 October 2003  |  Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center |  Long March 4B | 21 October 2003  | Low Earth Orbit | N/A  | Decommissioned in January 2009.[5] | Second satellite from the program CBERS.[10]
SATEC | Microsatellite | 25 August 2003 |  Alcântara Space Center |  VLS-1 V3 | N/A  | N/A  | N/A  | Destroyed during pre-launch tests on the platform due to the 2003 Alcântara VLS accident.[11] | Developed by INPE.[11]
UNOSAT | Nanosatellite | Developed by University North of Paraná.[11]
CBERS-2B | Satellite | 19 September 2007  |  Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center |  Long March 4B | 19 September 2007  | Sun-synchronous orbit | N/A  | Decommissioned in April 2010.[5] | Third satellite from the program CBERS.[12]
2010s
CBERS-3 | Satellite | 9 December 2013  |  Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center |  Long March 4B | N/A  | N/A  | N/A  | Premature re-entry due to rocket failure.[13] | Fourth satellite from the program CBERS.
NanoSatC-Br 1 [pt] | Nanosatellite | 19 June 2014  |  Dombarovsky Air Base |  Dnepr | 19 June 2014  | Low Earth Orbit | N/A  | In operation (2019).[14] | Developed under an agreement between UFSM and INPE.[15]
CBERS-4 | Satellite | 7 December 2014  |  Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center |  Long March 4B | 7 December 2014  | Sun-synchronous orbit | N/A  | In operation.  | Fifth satellite from the program CBERS.[16]
AESP-14 | Nanosatellite | 10 January 2015  |  Cape Canaveral Space Force Station |  Falcon 9 v1.1 | 5 February 2015  | ISS |  Kibō[17] | Considered inoperative after failing to open an antenna.[18] | Developed by INPE and ITA.[19]
SERPENS [pt] | Nanosatellite | 18 August 2015  |  Tanegashima Space Center |  H-IIB | 17 September 2015  | ISS |  Kibō[20] | Re-entry on 27 March 2016.[21] | Project created by AEB in partnership with universities.[22]
Tancredo-1 | Picosatellite | 9 December 2016  |  Tanegashima Space Center |  H-IIB | 16 January 2017  | ISS |  Kibō[23] | Re-entry on 18 October 2017.[24] | Educational project at the Tancredo Neves Municipal School in Ubatuba.[23]
ITASAT-1 [pt] | Microsatellite | 3 December 2018  |  Vandenberg Air Force Base |  Falcon 9 Block 5 | 3 December 2018  | Low Earth Orbit | N/A  | In orbit (2020).[25] | Project developed by ITA, AEB and INPE.[25]
CBERS-4A [pt] | Satellite | 20 December 2019  |  Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center |  Long March 4B | 20 December 2019  | Sun-synchronous orbit | N/A  | In operation (2021).[26] | Sixth satellite from the program CBERS.[27]
FloripaSat-1 [pt] | Nanosatellite | In operation (2020).[28] | Developed by students from UFSC in partnership with AEB.[28]
2020s
Amazônia-1 | Satellite | 28 February 2022  |  Satish Dhawan Space Centre |  PSLV-C51 | 28 February 2022  | Polar orbit[29] | N/A  | In operation (2021).[29] | Developed by INPE and AEB.[29] It is the first satellite developed and built entirely in Brazil.[30]
NanoSatC-Br 2 [pt] | Nanosatellite | 22 March 2021  |  Baikonur Cosmodrome |  Soyuz-2 | 22 March 2021  | Low Earth Orbit | N/A  | In operation (2021).[31] | Built in partnership between INPE and UFSM.[32]
Pion-BR1 | Picosatellite | 13 January 2022  |  Cape Canaveral Space Force Station |  Falcon 9 Block 5 | 13 January 2022  | Low Earth Orbit | N/A  | In operation (2022).[33] | Developed by PionLabs [pt], it is the first Brazilian produced satellite developed by a startup.[34]
Alpha Crux | Picosatellite | 1 April 2022  |  Cape Canaveral Space Force Station |  Falcon 9 Block 5 | 1 April 2022  | Low Earth orbit | N/A  | In orbit (2022).  | Developed by University of Brasília, in partnership with the Brazilian Space Agency.[35]
Carcará I | Microsatellite | 25 May 2022  |  Cape Canaveral Space Force Station |  Falcon 9 Block 5 | 25 May 2022  | Low Earth Orbit | N/A  | In orbit (2022).  | Remote sensing radar satellite of the Brazilian Air Force, part of the Lessonia-1 Project, produced by the Finnish company ICEYE.[36][37][38]
Carcará II
SPORT | Microsatellite | 21 November 2022  |  Cape Canaveral Space Force Station |  Falcon 9 Block 5 | 21 November 2022  | Low Earth Orbit | N/A  | Reentry in October 2023.[39] | Scintilation Prediction Observations Research Task, project developed in a paterneship between ITA, NASA, INPE and American universities.[40]
VCUB-1 | Nanosatelite | 15 April 2023  |  Vandenberg Air Force Base |  Falcon 9 Block 5 | 15 April 2023  | Low Earth Orbit | N/A  | In orbit (2023).  | Developed by the Brazilian joint-venture Visiona (Embraer and Telebrás), for Earth observation and data collection.[41]

#### ProSAME

[edit]

Projects going through the Procedure for Selection and Adoption of Space Missions of the Brazilian Space Agency.[42]

7 December 2023 meeting[39] Name  | Institution  | Type

|
|

Under admission process

Missão Programa Microgravidade  |  AEB | Space sciences
NanoMIRAX 2[43] |  INPE | Astronomy
SABIA-Mar |  INPE /  CONAE | Earth observation
Galileo Solar Space Telescope[44] |  INPE | Space sciences

Under qualification process

Amazônia-1B |  INPE | Earth observation
AQUAE Mission[45] |  INPE
BIOMESAT[46] |  INPE
Constelação Catarina-Frota A[45] |  INPE
CBERS-6 |  INPE /  CAST
EQUARS[47] |  INPE
Garatéa-L |  Airvantis  | Moon orbiter[48]
SelenITA  |  ITA
ITASAT 2  |  ITA | Space climate[45]
MAPSAR |  INPE | Earth observation

### Telecommunication

[edit]

Brazilian satellites, but produced abroad:

Satellite  | Manufacturer  | Rocket  | Launch date  | Status

|
|
|
|

1980s
Brasilsat A1 |  Spar Aerospace[49] |  Ariane V12[50] | 8 February 1985[50] | Retired in March 2002.[50]
Brasilsat A2 |  Spar Aerospace[49] |  Ariane 3[51] | 28 March 1986[51] | Retired in February 2004.[51]
1990s
Brasilsat B1 |  Hughes[52] |  Ariane V66[53] | 10 August 1994[53] | Retired in December 2010.[53]
Brasilsat B2 |  Hughes[52] |  Ariane V71[54] | 28 March 1995[54] | Retired in June 2018[54]
Brasilsat B3 |  Hughes[52] |  Ariane V105[55] | 4 February 1998[55] | Retired in August 2018.[55]
2000s
Brasilsat B4 |  Hughes[52] |  Ariane V131[56] | 17 August 2000[56] | Retired in June 2021[56]
Estrela do Sul |  SSL |  Zenit-3SL[57] | 18 January 2004[57] | ?
Star One C12 | / Thales Alenia Space |  Ariane  | 3 February 2005  | In operation.
Star One C1 | / Thales Alenia Space[58] |  Ariane #179[58] | 14 November 2007[58] | In operation.[58]
Star One C2 |  Alcatel-Lucent[59] |  Ariane 5 | 18 April 2008[60] | Em operação.
2010s
Star One C3 |  Orbital Sciences Corporation[61] |  Ariane 5 | 10 November 2012  | In operation (2022).[62]
Star One C4 |  SSL |  Ariane VA224[63] | 15 July 2015[63] | In operation.[63]
Star One D1 |  SSL[64] |  Ariane  | 21 December 2016  | In operation.
SGDC-1 | / Thales Alenia Space[65] |  Ariane 5[66] | 4 May 2017[66] | In operation (2020).[66]
2020s
Star One D2 |  SSL |  Ariane 5 VA2545[67] | 30 July 2021[67] | In operation (2021).[67]

## See also

[edit]

* National Institute for Space Research
* Brazilian Space Agency

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b "DOVE (DOVE-OSCAR 17, DO 17)". Retrieved 2022-05-16.
2. ^ "SCD-1: um fenômeno do mundo dos satélites" (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2017-03-03. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
3. ^ a b Ricardo Bolanume Neto (1997-11-03). "Foguete brasileiro fracassa, é destruído e cai no mar". Folha de São Paulo (in Brazilian Portuguese). Archived from the original on 2020-12-22. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
4. ^ "Satélite brasileiro SCD-2 completa 10 anos no dia 22 de outubro" (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2008-10-21. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
5. ^ a b c Junior et al. 2011, p. 403.
6. ^ Junior et al. 2011, p. 402.
7. ^ "Lançamento CBERS-1" (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2018-02-05. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
8. ^ "O vexame do Saci". VEJA (in Brazilian Portuguese). 1999-10-27. Archived from the original on 2003-05-08. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
9. ^ a b "Inpe cancela programa de microssatélites, após fracasso com Saci-2" (in Brazilian Portuguese). 1999-12-12. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
10. ^ "Lançamento CBERS-2" (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2018-02-05. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
11. ^ a b c Berquó et al. 2004, p. 14.
12. ^ "Lançamento CBERS-2B" (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2018-02-05. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
13. ^ "Lançamento CBERS-3". 2018-02-05. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
14. ^ "Primeiro cubesat brasileiro completa 5 anos de operação em órbita" (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2019-06-21. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
15. ^ "Missão do NanosatC-Br1" (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2021-06-22. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
16. ^ "Lançamento CBERS-4" (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2018-02-05. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
17. ^ "CUBESAT BRASILEIRO LANÇADO COM SUCESSO DA ESTAÇÃO ESPACIAL INTERNACIONAL" (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2015-02-05. Archived from the original on 2015-02-08. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
18. ^ "Antena falha, e nanossatélite brasileiro não consegue entrar em operação" (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2015-03-04. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
19. ^ "AESP-14". Retrieved 2022-05-16.
20. ^ "Nanossatélite Serpens está em órbita e tem sinais captados no Brasil" (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2015-09-18. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
21. ^ "Nanossatélite Serpens se desintegra na atmosfera terrestre" (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2016-04-06. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
22. ^ "Satélite desenvolvido em parceria com a UFSC é lançado no Japão" (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2015-08-20. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
23. ^ a b "Satélite de escola pública de Ubatuba, a bordo de foguete japonês, será enviado nesta sexta-feira para ISS" (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2016-12-08. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
24. ^ "Tancredo-1". Retrieved 2022-05-16.
25. ^ a b "Nanossatélite ITASAT 1 completa dois anos em órbita" (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2020-12-07. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
26. ^ "Primeiro satélite 100% brasileiro, Amazônia-1 é lançado ao espaço" (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2021-02-28. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
27. ^ "Lançamento CBERS 04A" (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2020-07-08. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
28. ^ a b "FloripaSat-1 completa sete meses na órbita da Terra e valida módulos de software e hardware" (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2020-07-30. Retrieved 2022-05-15.
29. ^ a b c "Imagens do satélite Amazonia-1 já estão disponíveis — e qualquer um pode acessar". 2021-07-30. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
30. ^ "Amazonia-1, o 1º satélite 100% brasileiro, é lançado com sucesso de base indiana" (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2021-02-28. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
31. ^ "Primeiros sinais do NanoSatC-BR2 recebidos com sucesso" (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2021-03-23. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
32. ^ "Após adiamento, satélite brasileiro NanoSatC-Br2 é colocado em órbita" (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2021-03-22. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
33. ^ "SpaceX manda satélite brasileiro Pion-BR1 para o espaço" (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2022-01-13. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
34. ^ "PION, o primeiro satélite brasileiro de uma startup, foi lançado pela SpaceX" (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2022-01-13. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
35. ^ "UnB lança satélite que permite comunicação em áreas onde não há sinal de telefonia no país" (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2022-04-03. Retrieved 2022-07-07.
36. ^ "SpaceX, empresa de Elon Musk, vai lançar satélites brasileiros" (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2022-05-24. Retrieved 2022-05-25.
37. ^ "Brasil envia dois satélites ao espaço em foguete da SpaceX; confira" (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2022-05-25. Retrieved 2022-05-25.
38. ^ "Sale of Finnish microsatellite to Brazil raises criticism". News. 2021-01-12. Retrieved 2022-05-25.
39. ^ a b "Ata de Reunião da AEB" (PDF). Observatório AEB (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2024-02-19. p. 3. Retrieved 2024-02-22.
40. ^ "Satélite SPORT é lançado com sucesso!". Agência Espacial Brasileira (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2022-11-28. Retrieved 2023-04-17.
41. ^ "VCUB1, satélite desenvolvido pela Visiona, joint-venture entre a Embraer e a Telebras, é lançado nos EUA" (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2023-04-15. Retrieved 2023-04-16.
42. ^ "ProSAME". Observatório AEB (in Brazilian Portuguese).
43. ^ "Agência Espacial Brasileira investe na missão científica NanoMIRAX". Agência Espacial Brasileira (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2021-07-15. Retrieved 2024-02-23.
44. ^ Soares, Fernanda (2023-09-25). "A Missão Telescópio Solar Espacial Galileo e a Batalha contra o Negacionismo" (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2024-02-23.
45. ^ a b c "AEB aprova novas missões espaciais para o Programa Espacial Brasileiro". Revista Foguetes Brasileiros (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2023-06-20. Retrieved 2024-02-23.
46. ^ "INPE e AEB realizam revisão da missão de sensoriamento remoto BiomeSat". MundoGEO (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2023-05-17. Retrieved 2024-02-23.
47. ^ "Missão do satélite EQUARS é avaliada por especialistas do INPE e AEB". www.inpe.br (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2019-10-25. Retrieved 2024-02-23.
48. ^ Nogueira, Salvador (2023-07-23). "Mensageiro Sideral: ITA construirá espaçonave para missão lunar com a Nasa". Folha de S.Paulo (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2024-02-23.
49. ^ a b "Brasilsat specifications". Retrieved 2022-05-18.
50. ^ a b c Jean-Philippe Donnio. "Brasilsat A1". The Satellite Encyclopedia. Retrieved 2022-02-08.
51. ^ a b c "Brasilsat A2". Retrieved 2022-05-18.
52. ^ a b c d "Brasilsat B's specifications". Retrieved 2022-05-18.
53. ^ a b c "Brasilsat B1". Retrieved 2022-05-18.
54. ^ a b c "Brasilsat B2". Retrieved 2022-05-18.
55. ^ a b c "Brasilsat B3". Retrieved 2022-05-18.
56. ^ a b c "Brasilsat B4". Retrieved 2022-05-18.
57. ^ a b "Estrela do Sul". Retrieved 2022-05-18.
58. ^ a b c d "Brasilsat C1". Retrieved 2022-05-18.
59. ^ "Star One C2 folheto" (PDF) (in Brazilian Portuguese). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-01-13. Retrieved 2022-05-18.
60. ^ "Embratel lança com sucesso o satélite Star One C2". 2008-04-18. Archived from the original on 2020-08-15. Retrieved 2022-05-18.
61. ^ "Embratel anuncia lançamento do satélite Star One C3" (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2022-05-18.
62. ^ "Anatel prorroga direito de exploração do StarOne C3 para até 2029" (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2022-03-03. Retrieved 2022-05-18.
63. ^ a b c "Brasilsat C4". Retrieved 2022-05-18.
64. ^ "Sar One D1". Retrieved 2022-05-18.
65. ^ "Tecnologia absorvida do SGDC-1 potencializa desenvolvimento de produtos que podem ser comercializados globalmente" (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2020-08-27. Retrieved 2022-05-18.
66. ^ a b c "Satélite Geoestacionário de Defesa e Comunicações Estratégicas completa 3 anos no espaço" (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2020-05-04. Retrieved 2022-05-18.
67. ^ a b c "Star One D2 da Embratel é colocado em órbita e deve iniciar operação em outubro" (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2021-07-30. Retrieved 2022-05-18.

## Bibliography

[edit]

* Junior; Tommaselli; Oliveira; Medeiros; Marcato (2011). "Orientação de imagens CBERS-2B usando o modelo rigoroso de colinearidade com dados orbitais" [Orientation of CBERS-2B images using the collinearity rigorous model with orbital data]. Bol. Ciênc. Geod., sex. Artigos (in Brazilian Portuguese). 17 (3). Curitiba: 401–416\. doi:10.1590/S1982-21702011000300005. hdl:11449/6681.401-416&rft.date=2011&rft_id=info:hdl/11449/6681&rft_id=info:doi/10.1590/S1982-21702011000300005&rft.au=Junior&rft.au=Tommaselli&rft.au=Oliveira&rft.au=Medeiros&rft.au=Marcato&rft_id=https://www.scielo.br/j/bcg/a/zQvYd3nvsdNNTkSb75GS7Ch/?lang=pt&format;=pdf&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:List+of+Brazilian+satellites" class="Z3988">
* Berquó, Jolan Eduardo; Coelho, Elizabeth Cabral; Martinolli, João Bosco; Corrêa, Cleber Souza (February 2004). Relatório da Investigação do Acidente ocorrido com o VLS-1 VO3, em 22 de agosto de 2003, em Alcântara, Maranhão (PDF) (in Brazilian Portuguese). São José dos Campos. p. 118\. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2013-11-08. Retrieved 2022-05-16.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)