List of European countries by area

Below is a list of European countries and dependencies by area in Europe.[1] As a continent, Europe's total geographical area is about 10 million square kilometres.[2] Transcontinental countries are ranked according to the size of their European part only. Inland water is included in area numbers.

## Relative sizes

[edit]

European countries vary in area over many orders of magnitude, ranging from Russia which covers almost 4000000 km2 of territory within Europe according to "Definition" below, to Vatican City, which has a total area of less than 1 km2:

## List of European countries and dependencies by area

[edit]

Figures are from the United Nations unless otherwise specified.[1]

| Country or dependency  | %
total  | Europe area  |

|
|
|
|

km2 | mi2
–  |  Europe | 100% | 10,014,000  | 3,866,000 |
1 K |  Russia | 39.5% | 3,952,550  | 1,526,090 | [a]
2  |  Ukraine | 6.0% | 603,549  | 233,032 | [b]
3 T |  France | 5.4% | 543,941  | 210,017 | [c]
4 T |  Spain | 5.0% | 498,485  | 192,466 | [d]
5  |  Sweden | 4.4% | 438,574  | 169,334 |
6  |  Germany | 3.6% | 357,581  | 138,063 |
7  |  Finland | 3.4% | 336,884  | 130,072 | [e]
8  |  Norway | 3.2% | 323,772  | 125,009 | [f]
9  |  Poland | 3.1% | 312,679  | 120,726 |
10 T |  Italy | 3.0% | 301,958  | 116,587 | [g]
11  |  United Kingdom | 2.4% | 244,381  | 94,356 | [h]
12  |  Romania | 2.4% | 238,298  | 92,007 |
13  |  Belarus | 2.1% | 207,600  | 80,200 |
14 K |  Kazakhstan | 1.5% | 148,000  | 57,000 | [i]
15 T |  Greece | 1.3% | 131,957  | 50,949 | [j]
16  |  Bulgaria | 1.1% | 110,372  | 42,615 |
17  |  Iceland | 1.0% | 103,000  | 40,000 |
18  |  Hungary | 0.9% | 93,025  | 35,917 |
19 T |  Portugal | 0.9% | 91,424  | 35,299 | [k]
20  |  Austria | 0.8% | 83,878  | 32,385 |
21  |  Czech Republic | 0.8% | 78,871  | 30,452 |
22  |  Serbia | 0.8% | 77,589  | 29,957 | [l]
23  |  Ireland | 0.7% | 69,825  | 26,960 |
24  |  Lithuania | 0.7% | 65,286  | 25,207 |
25  |  Latvia | 0.6% | 64,594  | 24,940 |
–  |  Svalbard (Norway) | 0.6% | 62,045  | 23,956 | [m]
26  |  Croatia | 0.6% | 56,594  | 21,851 |
27  |  Bosnia and Herzegovina | 0.5% | 51,209  | 19,772 |
28  |  Slovakia | 0.5% | 49,035  | 18,933 |
29  |  Estonia | 0.5% | 45,399  | 17,529 |
30 T |  Denmark | 0.4% | 42,947  | 16,582 | [n]
31 T |  Netherlands | 0.4% | 41,543  | 16,040 | [o]
32  |  Switzerland | 0.4% | 41,291  | 15,943 |
33  |  Moldova | 0.3% | 33,847  | 13,068 |
34  |  Belgium | 0.3% | 30,528  | 11,787 |
35  |  Albania | 0.3% | 28,748  | 11,100 |
36  |  North Macedonia | 0.3% | 25,713  | 9,928 |
37 K |  Turkey | 0.2% | 23,757  | 9,173 | [p]
38  |  Slovenia | 0.2% | 20,273  | 7,827 |
39  |  Montenegro | 0.1% | 13,888  | 5,362 |
–  |  Kosovo | 0.1% | 10,910  | 4,210 | [q]
40 K |  Azerbaijan | 0.07% | 6,960  | 2,690 | [r]
–  |  Transnistria |  | 4,163  | 1,607 | [s]
41 K |  Georgia | 0.03% | 3,040  | 1,170 | [t]
42  |  Luxembourg | 0.03% | 2,586  | 998 |
–  |  Åland (Finland) | 0.02% | 1,583  | 611 | [u]
–  |  Faroe Islands (Denmark) | 0.01% | 1,393  | 538 | [v]
–  |  Isle of Man (UK) | 0.006% | 572  | 221 |
43  |  Andorra | 0.005% | 468  | 181 |
44  |  Malta | 0.003% | 315  | 122 |
45  |  Liechtenstein | 0.002% | 160  | 62 |
–  |  Jersey (UK) | 0.001% | 116  | 45 |
–  |  Guernsey (UK) | 0.001% | 78  | 30 |
46  |  San Marino | 0.001% | 61  | 24 |
–  |  Gibraltar (UK) | 0% | 7  | 2.7 | [w]
47  |  Monaco | 0% | 2  | 0.77 | [x]
48  |  Vatican City | 0% | 0.49  | 0.19 | [y]
– C |  Abkhazia |  | 8,664.59  | 3,345.42 | [z]
– C |  South Ossetia |  | 3,885  | 1,500 | [aa]
– C |  Akrotiri and Dhekelia (UK) | 0% | 254  | 98 | [ab]
49 C |  Armenia | 0% | 29,743  | 11,484 | [ac]
50 C |  Cyprus | 0% | 9,251  | 3,572 | [ad]
– C |  Greenland (Denmark) | 0% | 2,166,086  | 836,330 | [ae]

## Definition

[edit]

Europe and Asia are contiguous with each other; thus, the exact boundary between them is not clearly defined, and often follows historical, political, and cultural definitions, rather than geographical.

Alb.

Andorra

Austria

Azer.

Belarus

Belg.

Bosnia

Bulgaria

Channel
Is.

Croatia

Czech.

Denmark

Estonia

Finland

France

Gib. (UK)

Germany

Georgia

Greece

Hungary

Iceland

Ireland

Italy

IoM

San
Mar.

Kazakhstan

Kos.

Latvia

Liech.

Lithuania

Lux.

Malta

Moldova

Monaco

Mont.

Netherlands

N. Mac.

Norway

Svalbard (Nor)

Poland

Portugal

Romania

Russia

Franz Josef Land (Rus)

Serbia

Slovakia

Slovenia

Spain

Sweden

Switz-
erland

Turkey

Ukraine

United
Kingdom

Far. (Dk)

Vatican

Armenia

Cyprus

Greenland (Dk)

Adr-

iatic

Sea

Arctic Ocean

Baltic
Sea

Aegean

Sea

Barents Sea

Bay of
Biscay

Black
Sea

Caspian
Sea

Celtic
Sea

Greenland Sea

Baffin Bay

Gulf of
Cádiz

Ligurian
Sea

Mediterranean Sea

North
Atlantic
Ocean

North
Sea

Norwegian
Sea

Strait of Gibraltar

Map of Europe, showing one of the most commonly used continental boundaries[af]

Legend:

Blue = Contiguous transcontinental countries
Green = Sometimes considered European but geographically outside Europe's boundaries

## See also

[edit]

* Area and population of European countries
* List of countries and dependencies by area
* List of European countries by population
* European microstates

* v
* t
* e

Lists of countries by geographical rankings

Area|

* Exclusive economic zone
* Forest
* Irrigated land
* Organic farmland

Continent|

* Africa
* Asia
* Europe
* North America
* Oceania
* South America

Extreme points|

* Elevation
* average
* Latitude
* Northernmost
* Southernmost
* Longitude
* Easternmost
* Westernmost

Perimeter|

* Coastline length
* Land borders
* Land and maritime borders
* Maritime boundaries
* Political and geographic borders

Others|

* Freshwater
* resources
* withdrawal
* Number of islands
* Time zones

* List of international rankings
* Lists by country

* v
* t
* e

Countries and dependencies of Europe

Sovereign states|

* Albania
* Andorra
* Armenia2
* Austria
* Azerbaijan1
* Belarus
* Belgium
* Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Bulgaria
* Croatia
* Cyprus2
* Czech Republic
* Denmark
* Estonia
* Finland
* France
* Georgia1
* Germany
* Greece
* Hungary
* Iceland3
* Ireland
* Italy
* Kazakhstan1
* Latvia
* Liechtenstein
* Lithuania
* Luxembourg
* Malta
* Moldova
* Monaco
* Montenegro
* Netherlands
* North Macedonia
* Norway
* Poland
* Portugal
* Romania
* Russia1
* San Marino
* Serbia
* Slovakia
* Slovenia
* Spain
* Sweden
* Switzerland
* Turkey1
* Ukraine
* United Kingdom
* Vatican City4

States with limited
recognition

* Abkhazia2
* Kosovo
* Northern Cyprus2
* South Ossetia2
* Transnistria

Dependent
territories

| Denmark|

* Faroe Islands3
* autonomous country of the Kingdom of Denmark

|

United Kingdom|

* Akrotiri and Dhekelia2 (Sovereign Base Areas)
* Gibraltar (British Overseas Territory)

Crown Dependencies|

* Bailiwick of Guernsey
* Alderney
* Guernsey
* Sark
* Bailiwick of Jersey
* Isle of Man

Special areas
of internal
sovereignty

| Finland|

* Åland (autonomous region subject to the Åland convention of 1921)

|

Norway|

* Svalbard (unincorporated area subject to the Svalbard Treaty)

United Kingdom|

* England
* Scotland
* Wales
* Northern Ireland (country of the United Kingdom subject to the British-Irish Agreement)

* 1 Spans the conventional boundary between Europe and another continent.
* 2 Considered European for cultural, political and historical reasons but is geographically in Western Asia.
* 3 Oceanic islands within the vicinity of Europe are usually grouped with the continent even though they are not situated on its continental shelf.
* 4 Governed by the Holy See which has sovereignty over Vatican City.

* Category
* Europe portal

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ Comprising European Russia. Excludes annexations that are internationally recognized as part of Ukraine. Total area is 17,035,650 km2 when including Siberia or North Asia (13,083,100 km2).[3]
2. ^ Includes Crimea (26,945 km2) and other territory annexed by Russia but internationally recognized as part of Ukraine.[4] 115,440km2 or 19% occupied by the Russian Federation until 22 July 2025[5]
3. ^ Mainland France (535,261 km2) and Corsica (8,680 km2) comprise European France or Metropolitan France. Total area is 633,109 km2 when including Overseas departments (89,168 km2), and 672,051 km2 when including the Overseas Collectivities, Clipperton Island and the French Southern and Antarctic Lands (excluding Terre Adelie in Antarctica).[6][7]
4. ^ Excluding Ceuta (19 km2), Melilla (12 km2), and the Canary Islands (7,493 km2). Total area is 506,009 km2.[8]
5. ^ Excludes Aland.
6. ^ Excludes Svalbard.
7. ^ Excluding the African islands of Pantelleria (25 km2) and Lampedusa e Linosa (85 km2). Total area including these is 302,068 km2.[9][10]
8. ^ Constituent countries have area 130,462 km2 (England), 14,333 km2 (Northern Ireland), 78,803 km2 (Scotland) and 20,782 km2 (Wales). Figures may not include coastal water.[11]
9. ^ European portion is about 5% of total area, with the rest in Central Asia. Nine districts are entirely in Europe, but the Ural river runs through the middle of four districts (Akzhaik, Inder, Makhambet, and Atyrau). Value given is a point estimate between entirely excluding (122,176 km2) or including (174,814 km2) these four districts. Overall area is 2,724,902 km2.[12]
10. ^ Including the islands just off the coast of Asia Minor, such as Rhodes, Kos, Samos, Chios, Lesbos, Kastellorizo, Strongyli Megistis, and Ro.
11. ^ Excluding Madeira (801 km2). Total area is 92,225 km2.[13]
12. ^ Area is from official figures, but excluding Kosovo.[14]
13. ^ Figure is from the CIA.[15] An integral part of Norway. Classified as a territory by the ISO 3166-1, which groups it with Jan Mayen (377 km2).[16]
14. ^ Excludes the Faroe Islands and Greenland
15. ^ Area is 41,865 km2 when including the Caribbean Netherlands (322 km2).[17]
16. ^ European Turkey or East Thrace comprises the entire provinces of Tekirdağ, Kırklareli and Edirne, as well as the portion of Istanbul Province west of the Bosporus Strait and the portion of Çanakkale Province north of the Dardanelles Strait.[18] Total area is 769,734 km2 when including Asia Minor or Anatolia (745,978 km2).
17. ^ A partially recognized state also claimed by Serbia. Area is from official figures.[19]
18. ^ The Guba-Khachmaz Economic Region comprises Azerbaijan's land north of the Caucasus. Some definitions of the Europe-Asia border place more of Azerbaijan in Europe. Total area is 86,600 km2.[20]
19. ^ De facto state with limited recognition. Internationally recognized as part of Moldova.[21]
20. ^ The historically defined regions of Khevi, Khevsureti and Tusheti comprise Georgia's area north of the Greater Caucasus.[22] Some definitions place the Europe-Asia border inside of Georgia. Total area is 69,700 km2.
21. ^ An integral but autonomous region of Finland. Classified as a territory by the ISO 3166-1.
22. ^ An integral part of the Kingdom of Denmark. Classified as a territory by the ISO 3166-1
23. ^ Figures are from the BBC.[23]
24. ^ Area and population are from official figures.[24]
25. ^ The De Agostini Atlas Calendar listed the area of Vatican City as 0.44 km2 in its 1930 edition[25] but corrected it to 0.49 km2 in its 1945–46 edition.[26] The figure of 0.44 km2 is still widely cited by many sources despite its inaccuracy.
26. ^ An unknown portion may lie north of the Caucasus, so total figures are given.[27] De facto state with limited recognition. Internationally recognized as part of Georgia.
27. ^ An unknown portion may lie north of the Caucasus, so total figures are given.[28] De facto state with limited recognition. Internationally recognized as part of Georgia.
28. ^ Culturally but often not geographically in Europe, so total figures are given. Part of the island of Cyprus.[29]
29. ^ Culturally but often not geographically in Europe, so total figures are given.
30. ^ Culturally but often not geographically in Europe, so total figures are given. Not including Northern Cyprus or Akrotiri and Dhekelia.[30]
31. ^ Culturally tied to Europe but not a geographic part of it, so total figures are given. An integral part of the Kingdom of Denmark. Classified as a territory by the ISO 3166-1
32. ^ The map shows one of the most commonly accepted delineations of the geographical boundaries of Europe, as used by National Geographic and Encyclopædia Britannica. Whether countries are considered in Europe or Asia can vary in sources, for example in the classification of the CIA World Factbook or that of the BBC. Certain countries in Europe, such as France, have territories lying geographically outside Europe, but which are nevertheless considered integral parts of that country.

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b Source unless otherwise specified: Demographic Yearbook – Table 3: Population by sex, rate of population increase, surface area and density (PDF) (Report). United Nations Statistics Division. 2021. Retrieved 21 May 2023. Entries in this table giving figures other than the figures given in this source are explained in the associated Note.
2. ^ "Map and Details of all 7 Continents". WorldAtlas. Retrieved 4 May 2019.
3. ^ "Russia : Administrative Division". City Population. 8 October 2022. Retrieved 29 October 2023.
4. ^ "Ukraine: Provinces and Major Cities". City Population. 22 October 2022. Retrieved 29 October 2023.
5. ^ The Russia-Ukraine War Report Card, July 23, 2025
6. ^ "France: Administrative Division". City Population. 28 January 2022. Retrieved 29 October 2023.
7. ^ "INSEE". National Official Statistics. Retrieved 15 March 2025.
8. ^ "Population by Autonomous Community and Autonomous City and sex". ine.es. Retrieved 29 October 2023.
9. ^ "Monthly demographic balance and resident population by sex, year 2023". istat.it. Retrieved 29 October 2023.
10. ^ "Main geographical statistics on municipalities". istat.it. 22 January 2013. Municipal and provincial data. Retrieved 29 October 2023.
11. ^ Click 'Download' and open the smallest csv file. Second column indicates "Area to Mean High Water"."Standard Area Measurements for International Territorial Levels (January 2021) in the UK". statistics.gov.uk. 31 May 2024. Retrieved 28 September 2024.
12. ^ "Kazakhstan: Administrative Division". City Population. 11 December 2022. Retrieved 29 October 2023.
13. ^ "Statistics Portugal". ine.pt. Retrieved 29 October 2023.
14. ^ "Serbia : Regions, Districts and Major Cities". City Population. 28 May 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
15. ^ "Svalbard". cia.gov. 21 February 2024. Retrieved 23 February 2024.
16. ^ "Jan Mayen". cia.gov. 20 February 2024. Retrieved 23 February 2024.
17. ^ "Netherlands : Major Urban Centers". City Population. 15 September 2022. Retrieved 28 October 2023.
18. ^ "Turkey: Administrative Division". City Population. 12 February 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
19. ^ "Kosovo". City Population. 7 September 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
20. ^ "Territories, number and density of population by economic and administrative regions of the Republic of Azerbaijan". The State Statistical Committee of the Republic of Azerbaijan. 2021. Retrieved 24 April 2022.
21. ^ "Transnistria profile". bbc.com. 22 May 2023. Retrieved 3 December 2023.
22. ^ "Some Demographic Trends in Borderline Regions of East Caucasus Mountains (Georgia)". Research Gate. January 2019. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
23. ^ "Gibraltar profile". BBC. 19 May 2023. Retrieved 28 October 2023.
24. ^ "Key Facts About Monaco". Embassy of Monaco in Washington DC. 2020. Retrieved 28 October 2023.
25. ^ De Agostini Atlas Calendar, 1930, p. 99. (in Italian)
26. ^ De Agostini Atlas Calendar, 1945–46, p. 128. (in Italian)
27. ^ "Abkhazia profile". BBC. 28 August 2023. Retrieved 13 January 2024.
28. ^ "South Ossetia profile". BBC. 28 August 2023. Retrieved 13 January 2024.
29. ^ "Akrotiri and Dhekelia". City Population. 4 August 2023. Retrieved 29 October 2023.
30. ^ "Cyprus". City Population. 4 August 2023. Retrieved 29 October 2023.

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