List of European countries by population

Parts of this article (those related to national) need to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (March 2025)

|

European countries by population in 2025

More than 100 million

Between 30 and 100 million

Between 10 and 30 million

Between 3 and 10 million

Between 1 and 3 million

Between 0.3 and 1 million

Less than 0.3 million

This list of European countries by population comprises the 51 countries and 5 territories and dependencies in Europe, broadly defined, including Cyprus, Kazakhstan, Turkey, and the countries of the Caucasus.

The most populous European country is Russia, with a population of over 144 million. Turkey, with a population of about 85 million, has most of its population living within its Asian part; though within its territory in Europe, some one-tenth of its population is situated.[1] Excluding Turkey, Germany is the second-most populous country on the continent, with a population of about 84 million.

## Table

[edit]

The ranking here is according to the national figures, which may be estimates or somewhat out of date so the ranking of countries that are very close in population is approximate. The United Nations estimates are those published in the UN's World Population Prospects,[2] which are based on censuses, population registers, surveys, and other statistics.[3] This list also includes the partially recognized country of Kosovo.

European Union member states

| Location  | UN estimate
(2025)  | %
change  | Official
figure  | Official
date  |

|
|
|
|
|
|

|  Europe | 744,398,832 | N/A |  |  |
1 T |  Russia | 143,997,393 | −0.6% | 146,150,789 | 1 Jan 2024[4] | [a]
2 T |  Turkey | 87,685,426 | 0.3% | 85,664,944 | 31 Dec 2024[5] |
3  |  Germany | 84,075,074 | −0.6% | 83,510,950 | 30 Jun 2024[6] |
4  |  United Kingdom | 69,551,332 | 0.6% | 68,265,209 | 30 Jun 2023[7] | [b]
5 T |  France | 66,650,804 | 0.2% | 68,513,000 | 1 Sep 2024[8] | [c]
6 T |  Italy | 59,146,260 | −0.3% | 58,974,433 | 31 Jul 2024[9] |
7 T |  Spain | 47,889,958 | 0% | 49,315,949 | 8 Aug 2025[10] |
8  |  Poland | 38,140,910 | −1.0% | 37,552,000 | 31 Jul 2024[11] |
9  |  Ukraine | 28,980,376 | 3.0% | 40,960,795 | 1 Feb 2025[12] | [d]
10 T |  Kazakhstan | 20,843,754 | 1.2% | 20,201,849 | 1 Sep 2024[13] |
11  |  Romania | 18,908,650 | −0.6% | 19,064,409 | 1 Jan 2024[14] |
12 T |  Netherlands | 18,346,819 | 0.6% | 18,005,142 | 31 Aug 2024[15] |
13  |  Belgium | 11,758,603 | 0.2% | 11,763,650 | 1 Jan 2024[16] |
14  |  Sweden | 10,656,633 | 0.5% | 10,576,145 | 31 Aug 2024[17] |
15  |  Czech Republic | 10,609,240 | −1.2% | 10,909,500 | 1 Jan 2025[18] |
16 T |  Portugal | 10,411,834 | −0.1% | 10,639,726 | 1 Jan 2024[19] |
17 T |  Azerbaijan | 10,397,713 | 0.6% | 10,180,800 | 1 Jan 2024[20] |
18 T |  Greece | 9,938,844 | −1.1% | 10,248,505 | 10 Oct 2024[21] |
19  |  Hungary | 9,632,287 | −0.5% | 9,584,627 | 1 Jan 2024[22] |
20  |  Austria | 9,113,574 | −0.1% | 9,154,514 | 1 Oct 2023[23] |
21  |  Belarus | 8,997,603 | −0.7% | 9,155,978 | 1 Jan 2024[24] |
22  |  Switzerland | 8,967,408 | 0.5% | 8,931,306 | 30 Sep 2023[25] |
23  |  Bulgaria | 6,714,560 | −0.6% | 6,447,710 | 31 Dec 2022[26] |
24  |  Serbia | 6,689,039 | −0.7% | 6,641,197 | 1 Jan 2023[27] | [e]
25 T |  Denmark | 6,002,507 | 0.4% | 5,959,464 | 1 Oct 2023[28] |
26  |  Finland | 5,623,330 | 0.1% | 5,599,869 | 31 Oct 2023[29] |
27 T |  Norway | 5,623,071 | 0.8% | 5,571,634 | 21 Aug 2024[30] |
28  |  Slovakia | 5,474,881 | −0.6% | 5,426,248 | 1 Apr 2023[31] |
29  |  Ireland | 5,308,039 | 1.0% | 5,149,139 | 3 Apr 2022[32] |
30  |  Croatia | 3,848,160 | −0.7% | 3,879,074 | 31 Dec 2021[33] |
31 T |  Georgia | 3,806,671 | 0% | 3,688,600 | 1 Jan 2022[34] | [f]
32  |  Bosnia and Herzegovina | 3,140,096 | −0.8% | 3,219,415 | 15 Jun 2020[35] |
33  |  Moldova | 2,996,106 | −1.3% | 2,423,300 | 1 Jan 2024[36] |
34 C |  Armenia | 2,952,364 | −0.7% | 3,075,800 | 1 Jan 2024[37] |
35  |  Lithuania | 2,830,144 | −1.0% | 2,889,888 | 1 Jan 2025[38] |
36  |  Albania | 2,771,508 | −0.7% | 2,793,592 | 1 Jan 2022[39] |
37  |  Slovenia | 2,117,072 | −0.1% | 2,107,180 | 1 Jan 2022[40] |
38  |  Latvia | 1,853,559 | −1.0% | 1,862,700 | 1 May 2024[41] |
39  |  North Macedonia | 1,813,791 | −0.5% | 1,836,713 | 15 Dec 2024[42] |
40  |  Kosovo | 1,674,125 | −0.6% | 1,602,515 | Apr 2024[43] |
41 C |  Cyprus | 1,370,754 | 0.9% | 966,400 | 31 Dec 2023[44] | [g]
42  |  Estonia | 1,344,232 | −1.2% | 1,369,285 | 1 Jan 2025[45] |
43  |  Luxembourg | 680,454 | 1.1% | 645,397 | 1 Jan 2024[46] |
44  |  Montenegro | 632,729 | −0.9% | 617,683 | 1 Jan 2022[47] |
45  |  Malta | 545,405 | 1.1% | 520,971 | 31 Dec 2021[48] |
46  |  Iceland | 398,266 | 1.2% | 396,960 | 30 Sep 2023[49] |
|  Jersey | 103,988 | 0.1% | 103,267 | 21 Mar 2021[50] |
|  Isle of Man | 84,118 | 0% | 84,069 | 24 Apr 2021[51] |
47  |  Andorra | 82,904 | 1.2% | 80,120 | 1 May 2022[52] |
|  Guernsey | 64,476 | 0.3% | 67,642 | 1 Jul 2023[53] | [h]
|  Faroe Islands (Denmark)  | 56,002 | 1.1% | 54,081 | 1 Sep 2022[57] |
48  |  Liechtenstein | 40,128 | 0.6% | 40,900 | 31 Dec 2024[58] |
|  Gibraltar | 40,126 | 2.0% | 34,003 | 26 Jun 2022[59] |
49  |  Monaco | 38,341 | −0.8% | 39,150 | 31 Dec 2021[60] |
50  |  San Marino | 33,572 | 0% | 33,785 | 30 Sep 2022[61] |
51  |  Vatican City | - | - | 764 | 26 Jun 2023[62] | [i]

## See also

[edit]

* Area and population of European countries
* List of European countries by area
* List of European countries by life expectancy
* List of European countries by population growth rate
* List of European Union member states by population
* List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Europe
* List of urban areas of the European Union

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ Includes the disputed territories of the Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol.
2. ^ Includes the constituent countries of England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales. Excludes the 14 Overseas Territories and 3 Crown Dependencies. Gibraltar, Jersey, the Isle of Man, and Guernsey shown separately below.
3. ^ Population of the 18 regions of France including overseas regions. Excludes Overseas Territories and Collectivities: French Polynesia, New Caledonia, French Southern and Antarctic Lands, Clipperton Island, Saint Barthélemy, Saint Martin, Saint Pierre and Miquelon and Wallis and Futuna.
4. ^ Excludes the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and City of Sevastopol, Ukraine's administrative areas on the Crimean Peninsula which are disputed with and de facto administered by Russia. However, includes the entire population of territory in the Donbas region where there are ongoing insurgencies by separatist forces, and does not include any changes due to the Russian invasion in 2022.
5. ^ Excludes Kosovo.
6. ^ Excludes Abkhazia (242,862, census 2011) and South Ossetia (53,559, census 2015).
7. ^ National data only includes the Government-controlled area of Cyprus
8. ^ The Bailiwick of Guernsey comprises Guernsey proper (64,037),[54] Alderney (2,141)[55] and Sark (562).[56] The UN estimate of 63,544 may exclude the smaller islands.
9. ^ UN estimate not available. Official figure notes 764 residents regardless of citizenship, 618 citizens regardless of residence, 246 resident citizens.[62]

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Zdanowski, Jerzy (2014). Middle Eastern Societies in the 20th Century. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. p. 11\. ISBN 978-1443869591.
2. ^ "World Population Prospects, 2024 Revision". United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, Population Estimates and Projections Section. 11 July 2022. Retrieved 12 February 2025.
3. ^ "World Population Prospects". United Nations Population Division. Retrieved 2020-09-05.
4. ^ National annual estimate "Federal State Statistics Service". Federal State Statistics Service.
5. ^ National annual estimate "The Results of Address Based Population Registration System, 2024". www.tuik.gov.tr.
6. ^ National quarterly estimate "Bevölkerung nach Nationalität und Geschlecht (Quartalszahlen)". www.destatis.de.
7. ^ National annual estimate "Population estimates for the UK, England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland: mid-2022". www.ons.gov.uk.
8. ^ National monthly estimate "Demography - Population at the beginning of the month - France". www.insee.fr.
9. ^ National monthly estimate "Bilancio demografico anno 2024 Italia". demo.istat.it.
10. ^ National monthly estimate "INEbase / Continuous Population Statistics (CPS). 1st July 2025. Provisional data". ine.es. Retrieved 8 August 2025.
11. ^ National monthly estimate "Basic data". stat.gov.pl.
12. ^ National monthly estimate "Population of Ukraine". database.ukrcensus.gov.ua.
13. ^ National monthly estimate "stat.gov.kz". stat.gov.kz.
14. ^ 2024 census result "Data" (PDF). www.insse.ro.
15. ^ National monthly estimate "Population dynamics; month and year". opendata.cbs.nl.
16. ^ National estimate "Structure of the Population". www.ibz.rrn.fgov.be.
17. ^ National monthly estimate "Population statistics 2024". www.scb.se.
18. ^ "Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2025". Czech Statistical Office. 2025-05-16.
19. ^ National annual estimate "Statistics Portugal". www.ine.pt.
20. ^ National estimate "Demographic situation in Azerbaijan". www.stat.gov.az. Retrieved 2023-06-22.
21. ^ 2022 census result "Census Results 2022" (PDF). www.statistics.gr.
22. ^ National annual estimate "Hungarian Central Statistical Office". www.ksh.hu.
23. ^ Quarterly provisional figure "Bevölkerung zu Jahres-/Quartalsanfang". www.statistik.at.
24. ^ National quarterly estimate "National Statistical portal of the Republic of Belarus". www.belstat.gov.by.
25. ^ National provisional figure "Bevölkerungsstand am Ende des 3. Quartals 2023". www.bfs.admin.ch.
26. ^ National estimate "Population and Demographic Processes in 2022 | National statistical institute". www.nsi.bg.
27. ^ National annual estimate "Home | Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia". www.stat.gov.rs.
28. ^ National monthly estimate "Population in Denmark". www.dst.dk.
29. ^ National monthly estimate "Preliminary population statistics". www.stat.fi.
30. ^ National quarterly estimate "Population". ssb.no.
31. ^ National monthly estimate "Statistical office of the Slovak Republic". slovak.statistics.sk.
32. ^ 2022 census result "Census of Population 2022 - Summary Results". www.cso.ie.
33. ^ National estimate "Data". www.dzs.gov.hr.
34. ^ National annual estimate "საქართველოს სტატისტიკის ეროვნული სამსახური". www.geostat.ge.
35. ^ National estimate "Data" (PDF). www.bhas.ba. Retrieved 2020-06-09.
36. ^ National estimate "// Noutăţi". statistica.gov.md. Biroul Naţional de Statistică. 10 June 2024.
37. ^ National annual estimate "Time series / Statistical Committee of the Republic of Armenia".
38. ^ National monthly estimate "Pradžia - Oficialiosios statistikos portalas". osp.stat.gov.lt.
39. ^ National annual estimate "Population of Albania" (PDF). www.instat.gov.al.
40. ^ National estimate "SURS". www.stat.si.
41. ^ National estimate "Population number, its changes and density". stat.gov.lv.
42. ^ National estimate "State Statistical Office of the Republic of Macedonia". www.stat.gov.mk.
43. ^ 2024 census result "Population by age, sex and municipality, 2024". ask.rks-gov.net.
44. ^ National annual estimate "End of the Year De Jure Population by Age and Sex, Annual". cystat.gov.cy.
45. ^ National annual estimate "Avaleht Statistikaamet". www.stat.ee/et.
46. ^ National annual estimate "Statistics Portal - Luxembourg". statistiques.public.lu.
47. ^ National estimate "Statistical Office of Montenegro - MONSTAT". www.monstat.org.
48. ^ National annual estimate "Economic and Financial Data For Malta". nso.gov.mt. Retrieved 2022-09-10.
49. ^ National quarterly estimate "The population increased by 2,760 in the third quarter of 2023". Retrieved 2023-12-07.
50. ^ National estimate "Population estimate" (PDF). www.gov.je. Retrieved 2020-06-09.
51. ^ 2021 census result "Isle of Man census" (PDF). www.gov.im. Retrieved 2020-06-09.
52. ^ National estimate "Departament d'Estadística". www.estadistica.ad.
53. ^ CIA estimate "Guernsey". cia.gov. Retrieved 14 Jan 2023.
54. ^ "Electronic Census; Latest Population, Employment and Earnings". gov.gg. 1 Sep 2023. Retrieved 14 Jan 2024.
55. ^ "Facts & Figures". alderney.gov.gg. Retrieved 14 Jan 2024.
56. ^ "Sark census puts population at 562". bbc.com. 15 Sep 2023. Retrieved 14 Jan 2024.
57. ^ National monthly estimate "Population". hagstova.fo.
58. ^ National semi-annual estimate "Bevölkerungsstatistik". www.llv.li.
59. ^ National estimate "Key indicators". www.gibraltar.gov.gi.
60. ^ National annual estimate "Population and employment / IMSEE - Monaco IMSEE" (PDF). www.monacostatistics.mc.
61. ^ National monthly estimate "San Marino - Population - Upeceds" (PDF). www.statistica.sm.
62. ^ a b Official figure"Population". www.vaticanstate.va. Vatican City State. 26 June 2023. Retrieved 16 August 2023.

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