List of Frankish queens consort

This article is about royal consorts before the 843 Treaty of Verdun. For royal consorts after the treaty, see List of French royal consorts and List of German queens.

Marguerite of Provence, Queen of Louis IX, was the last French queen to use the title of Queen of the Franks.

This is a list of the women who have been queens consort of the Frankish people. As all kings of the Franks have been male, there has never been a queen regnant of the Franks (although some women have governed as regents).

A timeline of consorts Frankish rulers is difficult since the realm was frequently divided among the sons of a king upon his death and then eventually reunited. Also, polygamy and concubinage complicate matters. Of most Merovingian queens almost nothing but the name is known.

This list starts from the earliest known queens until the three-way split up of the Frankish Empire in the Treaty of Verdun in 843.

## Merovingian dynasty (450–751)[edit]

Clovis I united all the Frankish petty kingdoms as well as most of Roman Gaul under his rule, conquering the Domain of Soissons of the Roman general Syagrius as well as the Visigothic Kingdom of Toulouse. He took his seat at Paris, which along with Soissons, Reims, Metz, and Orléans became the chief residences. Upon his death, the kingdom was split among his four sons.

Picture  | Name  | Father  | Birth  | Marriage  | Became Consort  | Ceased to be Consort  | Death  | Spouse

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| Basina of Thuringia | Basin, King of the Thuringii | 438  | ?  | 481
husband's death | 491  | Childeric I
| Clotilde of Burgundy | Chilperic II of Burgundy | 475  | 493  | 27 November 511
husband's death | 545  | Clovis I

### Queens at Soissons (511–558)[edit]

Picture  | Name  | Father  | Birth  | Marriage  | Became Consort  | Ceased to be Consort  | Death  | Spouse

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| Guntheuc |  | around 495
[1] | after 523  | 524/540
[1] | Chlothar I
| Radegund of Thuringia | Bertachar of Thuringia | 486-516  | 525/545
[1] | after 531
repudiated | 13 August 586
| Ingund | Baderic of Thuringia | 490-510  | 526/550
[1] | unknown, maybe 546 or after
[1]
| Waldrada | Wacho, King of the Lombards
(Lethings)  | 521-542  | 555/559  | 555/61
given in marriage to Garibald I, Duke of Bavaria under the advice of the bishops | unknown, after 526
[1]

### Queens at Paris (511–558)[edit]

Picture  | Name  | Father  | Birth  | Marriage  | Became Consort  | Ceased to be Consort  | Death  | Spouse

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| Ultrogotha | ?  | 497  | ?  | 27 November 511
husband's accession | 23 December 558
husband's death | 566  | Childebert I
Kingdom passed to Soissons
Picture  | Name  | Father  | Birth  | Marriage  | Became Consort  | Ceased to be Consort  | Death  | Spouse

### Queens at Orléans (511–524)[edit]

Picture  | Name  | Father  | Birth  | Marriage  | Became Consort  | Ceased to be Consort  | Death  | Spouse

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| Guntheuc |  | 495  | 514 or 521  | 21 June 524
husband's death | 532  | Chlodomer
Kingdom passed to Soissons, Paris, and Rheims
Picture  | Name  | Father  | Birth  | Marriage  | Became Consort  | Ceased to be Consort  | Death  | Spouse

### Queens at Reims (511–555)[edit]

Picture  | Name  | Father  | Birth  | Marriage  | Became Consort  | Ceased to be Consort  | Death  | Spouse

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| Eustere of the Visigoths | Alaric II, King of the Visigoths | 488  | 511  | ?  | 521  | Theuderic I
| Suavegotha of Burgundy | Sigismund, King of the Burgundians | 495/96/504  | 516/7  | 534
husband's death | 554
| Wisigard | Wacho, King of the Lombards | ?  | ?  | 534
husband's ascession | ?  | ?  | Theudebert I
| Deuteria | Gallo-Roman descent  | ?  | ?  | ?  | 548
husband's death | ?
| Waldrada | Wacho, King of the Lombards | 531  | ?  | 548?
husband's ascession | 555?
husband's death | 572  | Theodobald
Kingdom passed to Soissons

### Queen of the Franks (558–561)[edit]

Picture  | Name  | Father  | Birth  | Marriage  | Became Consort  | Ceased to be Consort  | Death  | Spouse

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| Aregund | Baderic of Thuringia | 515  | ?  | 558
husband's ascession | 561
husband's death | 573  | Chlothar I
|  Chunsina | ?  | ?  | ?  | 558?
husband's ascession | 561?
husband's death | ?

#### Queens in Neustria (Soissons, 561–613)[edit]

Picture  | Name  | Father  | Birth  | Marriage  | Became Consort  | Ceased to be Consort  | Death  | Spouse

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| Audovera | ?  | 525?  | 549-558  | 561
husband's ascession | ~567
repudiated | October/November 580  | Chilperic I
| Galswintha | Athanagild, King of Visigoths | 540  | 567  | 568
| Fredegund | 539-553  | ?  | 568  | September 584
husband's death - became queen regent | 8 December 597
| Haldetrude  | ?  | 575/594  | ?  | ?  | ?  | 604/629  | Chlothar II
| Bertrude | Wagon II, Count of Vermandois | 582  | ?613?  | 618/619
| Sichilde | count Brunulphe II of the Ardennes | 590  | ?618?  | 627

#### Queens at Paris (561–567)[edit]

Picture  | Name  | Father  | Birth  | Marriage  | Became Consort  | Ceased to be Consort  | Death  | Spouse

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| Ingoberga |  | 519?  | ?  | ?  | ?
repudiated | 589  | Charibert I
| Merofleda | a wool-carder | ?  | after 561  | ?  | ?
| Marcovefa | ?  | after 561  | ?  | before 567
| Theudechild | a cowherd | ?  | after 561  | ?  | 567

#### Queens at Orléans/Burgundy (561–613)[edit]

Picture  | Name  | Father  | Birth  | Marriage  | Became Consort  | Ceased to be Consort  | Death  | Spouse

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| Vénérande | a slave  | ?  | ?  | ?  | ?  | ?  | Guntram
| Marcatrude | Magnar (Magnacaire d'Outre-Jura) | ?  | ?  | 565?
| Austregilde | ?  | 548[2] | 565[2] | 580[2]
| Faileube | ?  | ?  | ?  | ?  | ?  | ?  | Childebert II
| Ermenberga | Witteric, King of the Visigoths | ?  | 606  | 607
repudiated | ?  | Theuderic II

#### Queen at Reims/Metz (Austrasia, 561–613)[edit]

Picture  | Name  | Father  | Birth  | Marriage  | Became Consort  | Ceased to be Consort  | Death  | Spouse

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| Brunhilda | Athanagild, King of the Visigoths | 543?  | 567  | December 575
husband's death | 613  | Sigebert I
| Faileube | ?  | ?  | ?  | ?  | ?  | ?  | Childebert II
| Bilichild | ?  | ?  | 608  | 610  | Theudebert II
| Théoudehilde | ?  | ?  | ?  | ?  | ?  | ?
Passed to Burgundy in 612.

### Queen of the Franks (613–629)[edit]

Picture  | Name  | Father  | Birth  | Marriage  | Became Consort  | Ceased to be Consort  | Death  | Spouse

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| Bertrude | Wagon II, Count of Vermandois | 582  | ?613?  | 618/619  | Chlothar II
| Sichilde | ?  | c. 590 | 618  | 18 October 629
husband's death | ap. 627

#### Queens of Neustria and Burgundy (629–691)[edit]

Picture  | Name  | Father  | Birth  | Marriage  | Became Consort  | Ceased to be Consort  | Death  | Spouse

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| Gomentrude | ?  | 598  | 628  | 629
répudiée | after 630  | Dagobert I
| Nanthild the Saxon | ?  | c. 610 | c. 629 | 19 January 639
husband's death | 642
| Ragintrudis  | ?  | 610?  | ?  | ?  | ?  | ?
| Wulfefundis  | ?  | ?  | ?  | ?  | ?  | ?
| Bertechildis  | ?  | ?  | ?  | ?  | ?  | ?
| Balthild | Anglo-Saxon aristocrat | 626 or 627  | 649  | 27 November 655 or 658
husband's death | 30 January 680  | Clovis II
| Amatilda | ?  | ?  | ?  | ?  | ?  | ?  | Chlothar III
| Bilichild | Sigebert III of Austrasia | 654  | 668  | 673
invasion of Neustria and Burgundy | 675  | Childeric II
| Chrothildis | Ansegisel | 650  | 675  |  | 3 June 699  | Theuderic III
United with Austrasia to form a single Frankish state

#### Queen of Austrasia (623–679)[edit]

Picture  | Name  | Father  | Birth  | Marriage  | Became Consort  | Ceased to be Consort  | Death  | Spouse

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| Gomentrude | ?  | 598  | 628  | 629
répudiée | after 630  | Dagobert I
| Nanthild | ?  | c. 610 | c. 629 | c. 629
kingdom went to stepson | 642
| Ragintrudis  | ?  | 610?  | ?  | ?  | ?  | ?
| Wulfefundis  | ?  | ?  | ?  | ?  | ?  | ?
| Bertechildis  | ?  | ?  | ?  | ?  | ?  | ?
| Chimnechild of Burgundy | ?  | ?  | 647  | ?  | ?  | Sigebert III
| Amatilda  | ?  | ?  | ?  | ?  | ?  | ?  | Chlothar III
| Bilichild | Sigebert III of Austrasia | 654  | 668  | 675  | Childeric II
| Chrothildis | Ansegisel | 650  | 675  |  | 3 June 699  | Theuderic III
United with Neustria and Burgundy

#### Queen of Aquitaine (629–632)[edit]

Picture  | Name  | Father  | Birth  | Marriage  | Became Consort  | Ceased to be Consort  | Death  | Spouse

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| Gisela of Gascony?  | Amand of Gascony | ?  | ?  | 18 October 629
husband's ascession | 8 April 632
husband's death | ?  | Charibert II
| Fulberte?  | ?  | ?  | ?  | ?  | ?  | ?
Kingdom passed to Neustria and Burgundy in 632; dukes were appointed to Aquitaine

### Queen of the Franks (629–751)[edit]

Picture  | Name  | Father  | Birth  | Marriage  | Became Consort  | Ceased to be Consort  | Death  | Spouse

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| Gomentrude | ?  | 598  | 628  | 629
répudiée | after 630  | Dagobert I
| Nanthild | ?  | c. 610 | c. 629 |  | 642
| Ragintrudis | ?  | 610?  | ?  | ?  | ?  | ?
| Wulfefundis | ?  | ?  | ?  | ?  | ?  | ?
| Bertechildis | ?  | ?  | ?  | ?  | ?  | ?
| Amatilda | ?  | ?  | ?  | 661
husband's ascession | 662
husband loses Austrasia | ?  | Chlothar III
| Bilichild | Sigebert III of Austrasia | 654  | 668  | 673
husband's ascession | 675  | Childeric II
| Chrothildis | Ansegisel | 650  | 675  | 679
husband's ascession | 690
husband's death | 3 June 699  | Theuderic III
| Gisela | ?  | 715  | ?  | 743
husband's ascession | 751
husband deposed | 755  | Childeric III

## Carolingian dynasty (751–987)[edit]

### Queen of the Franks (751–843)[edit]

Picture  | Name  | Father  | Birth  | Marriage  | Became Consort  | Ceased to be Consort  | Death  | Spouse

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| Bertrada of Laon | Caribert, Count of Laon | 710/27  | 740  | November 751
as sole-Queen consort of the Franks | 24 September 768
husband's death | 12 July 783  | Pepin I
| Gerberga | ?  | ?  | ?  | 24 September 768
as co-Queen consort of the Franks | 4 December 771
husband's death | ?  | Carloman I
| Desiderata of the Lombards | Desiderius, King of the Lombards | ?  | 770
as co-Queen consort of the Franks | 771
repuditated | ?  | Charles I
| Hildegard | Gerold of Vinzgouw | 758  | 771
as sole-Queen consort of the Franks
774
as Queen consort the Lombards
781
as co-Queen consort the Lombards | 30 April 783
| Fastrada de Franconie | Raoul III de Franconie et d'Aéda de Bavière | 765  | 784
as sole-Queen consort of the Franks and co-Queen consort the Lombards | 10 October 794
| Luitgard de Sundgau | Luitfrid II, Count of Sundgau | 776  | 794
as sole-Queen consort of the Franks and co-Queen consort the Lombards | 4 June 800
| Ermengarde of Hesbaye | Ingerman, Count of Hesbaye | 778  | 794/5  | 813
as Holy Roman Empress and Queen consort of the Franks 817
as senior Holy Roman Empress | 3 October 818  | Louis I
| Judith of Bavaria | Welf I, Count of Altdorf | 805  | 819
as senior Holy Roman Empress and Queen consort of the Franks | 20 June 840
husband's death | 19/23 April 843
Picture  | Name  | Father  | Birth  | Marriage  | Became Consort  | Ceased to be Consort  | Death  | Spouse

### After the Treaty of Verdun[edit]

The Frankish kingdom was then divided by the Treaty of Verdun in 843. Lothair I was allowed to keep his imperial title and his kingdom of Italy, and granted the newly created Kingdom of Middle Francia, a corridor of land stretching from Italy to the North Sea, and including the Low Countries, the Rhineland (including Aachen), Burgundy, and Provence. Charles the Bald was confirmed in Aquitaine, where Pepin I's son Pepin II was opposing him, and granted West Francia (modern France), the lands west of Lothair's Kingdom. Louis the German was confirmed in Bavaria and granted East Francia (modern Germany), the lands east of Lothair's kingdom. Ermentrude of Orléans (first wife of Charles II) became the Queen of Western Francia (eventually France); Emma of Altdorf (wife of Louis II) became the Queen of Eastern Francia (eventually Germany); and Ermengarde of Tours (wife of Lothair I) became the Queen of Middle Francia (eventually Lotharingia). The title of Queen of the Franks continued on to the 12th and 13th century in France.

#### Queen of the Franks (843–987)[edit]

West Francia  | Middle Francia  | East Francia  | Spouse

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Ermentrude of Orléans
Queen of Aquitaine:
842–855
Queen of the East Franks:
843–869

| Ermengarde of Tours
Queen of Italy: 818–844
Queen of the Middle Franks: 843–851
Holy Roman Empress: 821–851 |
Emma of Altdorf
Queen of Bavaria:
817–843
Queen of the East Franks:
843–876 | Charles II
Lothair I
Louis II
Engelberga of Parma
Queen of Italy: 851–875
Holy Roman Empress: 850–875 | Teutberga
Queen of Lotharingia: 855–869 | Charles II
Louis II
Lothair II
Louis II

Richilde of Provence
Queen of the West Franks: 870–877
Queen of Italy: 875–877
Holy Roman Empress: 875–877 |
Emma of Altdorf
Queen of Bavaria: 817–843
Queen of the East Franks: 843–876 | Charles II
Louis II

Adelaide of Paris
Queen of the West Franks:
877–879 |
Liutgard of Saxony
Queen of Saxony: 879–882
Queen of Bavaria: 880–882
Queen of the East Franks: 880–882 | Louis II
Louis III

Richardis of Swabia
Holy Roman Empress: 881–888
Queen of the East Franks: 882–887
Queen of the West Franks: 884–888 | Charles III
Théodrate of Troyes
Queen of the West Franks: 888–898 | Ota
Queen of the East Franks: 888–899
Queen of Italy: 896–899
Holy Roman Empress: 896–899 | Odo
Arnulf
Frederuna
Queen of the West Franks: 907–917 | Cunigunde of Swabia
Queen of the East Franks: 913–918
Duchess of Franconia: 913–918 | Charles III
Conrad I

Eadgifu of England
Queen of the West Franks: 919–922 |
Matilda
Queen of the East Franks: 919–936
Duchess of Saxony: 912–936 | Charles III
Robert I
Rudolph
Henry I
Béatrice of Vermandois
Queen of the West Franks: 922–923
Emma of France
Queen of the West Franks: 923–934

Gerberga of Saxony
Queen of the (West) Franks: 939–954 | After the death of Henry,
the last King of the East Franks,
the only remaining Frankish kings
were in Western Francia,
which would become the
modern state of France.  | Louis IV
Emma of Italy
Queen of the (West) Franks: 965–986 | Lothair
Adelaide of Anjou
Queen of Aquitaine: 980–982 | Louis V
Queens of West Francia  | Queens of Middle Francia  | Queens of East Francia  | Spouse

After the death of Louis V of France, the last male line Carolingian king of the Franks, in 987, the Capetians succeeded to the Frankish titles and their consorts bore the title Queen consort of the Franks until 1227, although history knows them better as Queen consorts of France.

Although some of these Frankish queens held titles such as Holy Roman Empress, Queen consort of Italy, Aquitaine, Saxony, Burgundy, Orléans, Paris, Bavaria, Provence, Soissons, Lotharingia, Swabia, and Alamannia; this is not a complete list of those consorts.

## See also[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Frankish queens.

* Kings of France family tree
* List of French monarchs
* List of French consorts
* List of Frankish kings
* List of Holy Roman Empresses
* List of German queens

## References[edit]

1. ^ a b c d e f Historic guesses. No one is sure when this occurred.
2. ^ a b c Chevalier, Ulysse (1905). Répertoire des sources historiques du Moyen-Age (in French). Vol. 1\. Paris: A. Picard et fils. p. 390.

* v
* t
* e

Royal consorts of France

* List of Frankish queens
* List of French royal consorts

Merovingians (509–751)|

Queen of the Franks

* Clotilde

Queen at Paris

* Ultragotha

Queens at Soissons

* Guntheuc
* Radegund
* Ingund

Queen of the Franks

* Aregund

Queens at Paris

* Ingoberga
* Merofleda
* Marcovefa
* Theudechild

Queens at Orléans/Burgundy

* Austregilde

Queens in Neustria

* Audovera
* Galswintha
* Fredegund
* Bertrude
* Sichilde

Queen at Reims/Metz

* Brunhilda of Austrasia
* Faileube

Queens of Neustria and Burgundy

* Gomentrude
* Nanthild
* Ragintrudis
* Wulfefundis
* Bertechildis
* Balthild of Chelles
* Amatilda
* Bilichild
* Chrothildis

Carolingians,
Robertians and Bosonids (751–987)|

* Bertrada of Laon
* Gerberga
* Desiderata of the Lombards
* Hildegard
* Fastrada
* Luitgard
* Ermengarde of Hesbaye
* Judith of Bavaria
* Ermentrude of Orléans
* Richilde of Provence
* Adelaide of Paris
* Richardis
* Théodrate of TroyesR
* Frederuna
* Eadgifu of Wessex
* Beatrice of VermandoisR
* Emma of FranceB
* Gerberga of Saxony
* Emma of Italy

House of Capet (987–1328)|

* Adelaide of Aquitaine
* Rozala of Italy
* Bertha of Burgundy
* Constance of Arles
* Matilda of Frisia
* Anne of Kiev
* Bertha of Holland
* Bertrade of Montfort
* Adelaide of Maurienne
* Eleanor of Aquitaine
* Constance of Castile
* Adela of Champagne
* Isabella of Hainault
* Ingeborg of Denmark
* Agnes of Merania
* Blanche of Castile
* Margaret of Provence
* Isabella of Aragon
* Marie of Brabant
* Joan I of Navarre
* Margaret of Burgundy
* Clementia of Hungary
* Joan II, Countess of Burgundy
* Blanche of Burgundy
* Marie of Luxembourg
* Joan of Évreux

House of Valois (1328–1589)|

* Joan of Burgundy
* Blanche of Navarre
* Joan I, Countess of Auvergne
* Joanna of Bourbon
* Isabeau of Bavaria
* Marie of Anjou
* Charlotte of Savoy
* Anne of Brittany
* Joan of France
* Anne of Brittany
* Mary Tudor
* Claude of France
* Eleanor of Austria
* Catherine de' Medici
* Mary Stuart
* Elisabeth of Austria
* Louise of Lorraine

House of Lancaster (1422–1453)|

* Margaret of Anjou

House of Bourbon (1589–1792)|

* Margaret of Valois
* Marie de' Medici
* Anne of Austria
* Maria Theresa of Spain
* Marie Leszczyńska
* Marie Antoinette

House of Bonaparte (1804–1814; 1815)|

* Joséphine de Beauharnais
* Marie Louise

House of Bourbon (1814–1815; 1815–1830)|

* Marie Joséphine of Savoy
* Marie-Thérèse

House of Orléans (1830–1848)|

* Maria Amalia of Naples and Sicily

House of Bonaparte (1852–1870)|

* Eugénie de Montijo

Consorts to debatable or disputed rulers are in italics.
*[c.]: circa
*[v]: View this template
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*[e]: Edit this template