List of Indian musical instruments

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Woman playing pulluvan veena

Musical instruments of the Indian subcontinent can be broadly classified according to the Hornbostel–Sachs system into four categories: chordophones (string instruments), aerophones (wind instruments), membranophones (drums) and idiophones (non-drum percussion instruments).

## Chordophones

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### Plucked strings

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* Ancient Veena
* Bulbul Tarang
* Dilruba
* Dotar, Dotora, or Dotara
* Ektara
* Getchu Vadyam or Jhallari
* Gopichand, Gopiyantra or Khamak
* Gottuvadhyam or Chitravina
* Katho
* Sarod
* Sitar
* Surbahar
* Surshringar
* Swarabat
* Swarmandal
* Tambura
* Tritantri Veena

* Tumbi
* Tuntuna
* Hansa Veena
* Mohan Veena
* Nakula Veena
* Nanduni
* Pamiri rubab
* Rudra Veena, also called Bīn in North India
* Sagar Veena
* Saraswati Veena
* Vichitra Veena
* Yazh
* Ranjan Veena
* Mayuri Veena
* Rubab (instrument)
* Triveni Veena

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### Bowed strings

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* Chikara
* Dhantara
* Dilruba
* Ektara
* Esraj
* Kamaicha [de]
* Kingri
* Mayuri veena or Taus
* Onavillu
* Behala
* Pena
* Pinaka veena
* Pulluvan veena \- one-stringed violin
* Ravanahatha
* Sarangi
* Sarinda
* Tar Shehnai
* Villu \- arched musical bow

### Other string instruments

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* Gethu or Jhallari – struck tanpura
* Gubguba or Jamuku (khamak)
* Pulluvan kutam
* Santoor – Hammered dulcimer

## Aerophones

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### Single reed

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* Pepa
* Pungi or Been

Snake charmer playing pungi Bansuri player at Mehrangarh Fort at Jodhpur. Indian Harmonium

### Double reed

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* Kuzhal
* Mukhavina
* Nadaswaram
* Shehnai
* Sundari
* Tangmuri

### Flute

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* Alghoza – double flute
* Bansuri
* Venu (Carnatic flute) Pullanguzhal

### Bagpipes

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* Mashak
* Titti
* Sruti upanga

### Free reed

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* Gogona
* Morsing

### Free reed and bellows

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* Shruti box
* Harmonium (hand-pumped)

### Brass

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* Bigul – see Bugle
* Ekkalam
* Karnal
* Kombu (instrument)
* Ramsinga
* Kahal
* Nagfani
* Turi
* Tutari

## Membranophones

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### Hand drums

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Learning to play tabla Tumbaknaer, drum from Jammu and Kashmir for accompanying devotionals Chenda (top) and Chande (below) are different drums Chande of Yakshagana

* Dhad
* Damru
* Dimadi
* Dhol
* Dholak
* Dholki
* Duggi
* Ghat singhari or Gada Singari
* Ghumot
* Gummeta
* Kanjira
* Khol
* Kinpar and Dhopar (Tribal Drums)
* Madal
* Mardala
* Maddale
* Maram
* Mizhavu
* Mridangam
* Naal

* Pakhavaj
* Pakhavaj Jori – Sikh instrument similar to Tabla
* Panchamukha vadyam
* Pung cholom
* Shuddha Madalam or Maddalam
* Tabala / Tabl / Chameli – goblet drum
* Tabla
* Tabla Tarang – set of Tablas
* Tamate
* Thanthi Panai
* Thimila
* Tumbak, Tumbaknari, Tumbaknaer
* Tumdak'
* Udukku

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### Hand frame drums

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* Daf, duf, or dafli – medium or large frame drum without jingles, of Persian origin
* Dubki, dimdi or dimri – small frame drum without jingles
* Kanjira – small frame drum with one jingle
* Kansi – small drum without jingles
* Patayani thappu – medium frame drum played with hands

### Stick and hand drums

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* Chenda
* Davul
* Dhak
* Dhimay
* Dhol
* Dholi
* Dollu
* Idakka
* Thavil
* Udukai
* Urumi (drum)

### Stick drums

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Chennakeshava Temple, 12th century A.D. Goddess playing an hourglass drum, possibly an udukai.

* Chande
* Davul
* Kachhi Dhol
* Nagara – pair of kettledrums
* Pambai – unit of two cylindrical drums
* Parai thappu, halgi – frame drum played with two sticks
* Sambal
* Stick daff or stick duff – daff in a stand played with sticks
* Tamak'
* Tasha – type of kettledrum
* Thavanadai, Davandai
* Timki
* Urumee

## Idiophones

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A medieval instrument, labeled nagaveena (snake veena), is a type of musical scraper.

* Chimta – fire tong with brass jingles
* Chengila – metal disc
* Elathalam
* Geger – brass vessel
* Ghanti – Northern Indian bell
* Ghatam and Matkam (Earthenware pot drum)
* Ghungroo
* Khartal or Chiplya
* Manjira or jhanj or taal
* Nut – clay pot
* Sankarjang – lithophone
* Thali – metal plate
* Thattukazhi mannai
* Yakshagana bells

### Melodic

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Jaltarang

* Jal tarang, ceramic bowls with water
* Kanch tarang, a type of glass harp
* Loh tarang (लोह तरंग), a set of tuned gongs
* Kashtha tarang, a type of xylophone

## Hand harmonium

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Dwarkanath Ghose (Dwarkin) modified the French pedal harmonium.

## Electronic

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* Roland HandSonic
* Electronic tanpura
* Electronic (digital) tabla
* Talameter

* Musical instrument of Tamil nadu
* List of Indian dance

## References

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* v
* t
* e

Indian musical instruments

Wind (sushir)|

* Bansuri
* Harmonium
* Karnay
* Kombu
* Kuzhal
* Nadaswaram
* Nafir
* Pungi
* Shankha
* Shehnai
* Shruti box
* Sringa
* Tharai
* Venu

Plucked stringed (tat)|

* Dotara
* Ektara
* Gottuvadhyam
* Pena
* Rudra veena
* Santoor
* Saraswati veena
* Sarod
* Seni Rebab
* Sitar
* Surbahar
* Swarabat
* Swarmandal
* Tanpura
* Electronic tanpura
* Veena
* Vichitra veena
* Yazh

Bowed stringed (vitat)|

* Dilruba
* Esraj
* Sarangi
* Sarinda
* Taus
* Violin

Membranous percussion (avanaddh)|

* Anandalahari
* Chande
* Chenda
* Damaru
* Dhaak
* Duggi
* Dhol
* Dholak
* Dholki
* Edakka
* Kanjira
* Khamak
* Khol
* Madal
* Mardala
* Mizhav
* Mridangam
* Nagada
* Pakhawaj
* Parai
* Sambal
* Tabla
* Jori (instrument)
* Tavil
* Udukai

Non-membranous percussion (ghan)|

* Chimta
* Ghatam
* Ghungroo
* Jal tarang
* Kartal
* Khanjani
* Khartal
* Manjira
* Morsing

Other|

* Bharatiya Sangeet Vadya
* Indian classical music
* Music of India
* Jivari

Historical/possibly extinct|

* Ālāpiṇī vīṇā
* Eka-tantri vina
* Kinnari vina
* Pinaka vina

* v
* t
* e

Ragas as per performance time

Morning|

* Ahir Bhairav
* Asavari
* Bairagi Bhairav
* Basant Mukhari
* Bhairav
* Bhankar
* Bhatiyar
* Bhoopal Todi
* Bilaskhani Todi
* Bilawal
* Deshkar
* Desi
* Gunakri
* Gurjari
* Hindol
* Jaunpuri
* Jogiya
* Kalingada
* Lalit
* Nat Bhairav
* Sohni
* Todi
* Vibhas

Afternoon|

* Bhimpalasi
* Gaud Sarang
* Madhuvanti
* Madhyamad Sarang
* Marwa
* Multani
* Patdeep
* Poorvi
* Shree
* Shuddh Sarang

Evening|

* Amrith Kalyan
* Bhoopali
* Desh
* Hansdhwani
* Hamsa Kalyan
* Kamod
* Khamaj
* Maru Bihag
* Pahadi
* Puriya
* Puriya Dhanashree
* Sham Kalyan
* Shankara
* Shuddh Kalyan
* Tilang
* Yaman
* Yaman Kalyan

Night|

* Adana
* Bageshri
* Bahar
* Basant
* Bhinna Shadja
* Bhimsen
* Bihag
* Chandani Kedar
* Chandrakauns
* Chhayanat
* Darbari
* Durga
* Gorakh Kalyan
* Hameer
* Jaijaivanti
* Jhinjhoti
* Kalavati
* Kedar
* Kirwani
* Malgunji
* Malhar
* Malkauns
* Malkauns Pancham
* Nand
* Rageshri
* Shivranjani
* Tilak Kamod

Anytime|

* Bhairavi
* Charukeshi
* Dhani
* Gara
* JanaSammohini
* Kafi
* Mand
* Piloo
* Vrindavani Sarang

Season|

* Gaud Malhar
* Miyan Malhar

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