List of Italian Nobel laureates

The Nobel Prize has been award to Italians a total of 21 times as of 2021[update].

Laureates by field  Field  | Number of recipients

|

Physics  |

Chemistry  |

Physiology or Medicine  |

Literature  |

Peace  |

Economic Sciences  |

Giosuè Carducci. In 1906, he became the first Italian to receive the Nobel Prize in Literature.[1] Ernesto Teodoro Moneta was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1907. He adopted the motto In varietate unitas! which later inspired Motto of the European Union.

The Nobel Prize is a set of annual international awards bestowed on "those who conferred the greatest benefit on humankind" in the fields of Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, Peace, and Economic Sciences,[nb 1][2] instituted by Alfred Nobel's last will, which specified that a part of his fortune be used to create the prizes. Each laureate (recipient) receives a gold medal, a diploma, and a sum of money, which is decided annually by the Nobel Foundation.[3] They are widely recognized as one of the most prestigious honours awarded in the aforementioned fields.[4]

First instituted in 1901, the Nobel Prize has been awarded to a total of 965 individuals and 27 organizations as of 2023[update].[5] Among them, 21 Italian nationals have been honored with the Nobel Prize.[6][7]

The latest Italian laureate is Giorgio Parisi, who received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2021. Two women received the award: Grazia Deledda in 1926, and Rita Levi-Montalcini in 1986.[8]

## Laureates

[edit]

Swiss Nobel laureates Year  | Image  | Laureate  | Born  | Died  | Field  | Rationale

|
|
|
|
|
|

1906  |  | Camillo Golgi | 7 July 1843 in Corteno | 21 January 1926 in Pavia | Physiology or Medicine | "in recognition of their work on the structure of the nervous system"[9]
prize shared with Santiago Ramón y Cajal
1906 |  | Giosuè Carducci | 27 July 1835 in Valdicastello | 16 February 1907 in Bologna | Literature | "not only in consideration of his deep learning and critical research, but above all as a tribute to the creative energy, freshness of style, and lyrical force which characterize his poetic masterpieces"[10]
1907  |  | Ernesto Teodoro Moneta | 20 September 1833 in Milan, Austrian Empire | 10 February 1918 in Milan | Peace | "for his work in the press and in peace meetings, both public and private, for an understanding between France and Italy"[11]
prize shared with Louis Renault
1909  |  | Guglielmo Marconi | 25 April 1874 in Bologna | 20 July 1937 in Rome | Physics | "in recognition of their contributions to the development of wireless telegraphy"[12]
prize shared with Karl Ferdinand Braun
1926 |  | Grazia Deledda | 27 September 1871 in Nuoro | 15 August 1936 in Rome | Literature | "for her idealistically inspired writings which with plastic clarity picture the life on her native island and with depth and sympathy deal with human problems in general"[13]
1934  |  | Luigi Pirandello | 28 June 1867 in Agrigento | 10 December 1936 in Rome | Literature | "for his bold and ingenious revival of dramatic and scenic art"[14]
1938  |  | Enrico Fermi | 29 September 1901 in Rome
since 1944 also American citizen[15] | 28 November 1954 in Chicago, USA | Physics | "for his demonstrations of the existence of new radioactive elements produced by neutron irradiation, and for his related discovery of nuclear reactions brought about by slow neutrons"[16]
1957  |  | Daniel Bovet | 23 March 1907 in Neuchâtel, Switzerland
acquired Italian citizenship in 1947 or 1948[17] | 8 April 1992 in Rome | Physiology or Medicine | "for his discoveries relating to synthetic compounds that inhibit the action of certain body substances, and especially their action on the vascular system and the skeletal muscles"[18]
1959  |  | Emilio Segrè | 1 February 1905 in Tivoli
since 1944 also American citizen[19] | 22 April 1989 in Lafayette, USA | Physics | "for their discovery of the antiproton"[20]
prize shared with Owen Chamberlain
1959 |  | Salvatore Quasimodo | 20 August 1901 in Modica | 14 June 1968 in Naples | Literature | "for his lyrical poetry, which with classical fire expresses the tragic experience of life in our own times"[21]
1963  |  | Giulio Natta | 26 February 1903 in Imperia | 2 May 1979 in Bergamo | Chemistry | "for their discoveries in the field of the chemistry and technology of high polymers"[22]
prize shared with Karl Ziegler
1969  |  | Salvador Luria | 13 August 1912 in Turin
since 1947 also American citizen[23] | 6 February 1991 in Lexington, USA | Physiology or Medicine | "for their discoveries concerning the replication mechanism and the genetic structure of viruses"[24]
prize shared with Max Delbrück and Alfred D. Hershey
1975  |  | Renato Dulbecco | 22 February 1914 in Catanzaro
since 1953 also American citizen[25] | 19 February 2012 in La Jolla, USA | Physiology or Medicine | "for their discoveries concerning the interaction between tumour viruses and the genetic material of the cell"[26]
prize shared with David Baltimore and Howard Martin Temin
1975 |  | Eugenio Montale | 12 October 1896 in Genoa | 12 September 1981 in Milan | Literature | "for his distinctive poetry which, with great artistic sensitivity, has interpreted human values under the sign of an outlook on life with no illusions"[27]
1984  |  | Carlo Rubbia | 31 March 1934 in Gorizia | —  | Physics | "for their decisive contributions to the large project, which led to the discovery of the field particles W and Z, communicators of weak interaction"[28]
prize shared with Simon van der Meer
1985  |  | Franco Modigliani | 18 June 1918 in Rome
since 1946 also American citizen[29] | 25 September 2003 in Cambridge, USA | Economics | "for his pioneering analyses of saving and of financial markets"[30]
1986  |  | Rita Levi-Montalcini | 22 April 1909 in Turin | 30 December 2012 in Rome | Physiology or Medicine | "for their discoveries of growth factors"[31]
prize shared with Stanley Cohen
1997 |  | Dario Fo | 24 March 1926 in Leggiuno-Sangiano | 13 October 2016 in Milan | Literature | "who emulates the jesters of the Middle Ages in scourging authority and upholding the dignity of the downtrodden"[32]
2002  |  | Riccardo Giacconi | 6 October 1931 in Genoa
since 1960 also American citizen[33] | 16 December 2018 in La Jolla | Physics | "for pioneering contributions to astrophysics, which have led to the discovery of cosmic X-ray sources"[34]
prize shared with Raymond Davis Jr. and Masatoshi Koshiba
2007  |  | Mario Capecchi | 6 October 1937 in Verona
later naturalized American[35] | —  | Physiology or Medicine | "for their discoveries of principles for introducing specific gene modifications in mice by the use of embryonic stem cells"[36]
prize shared with Martin J. Evans and Oliver Smithies
2021  |  | Giorgio Parisi | 4 August 1948 in Rome | —  | Physics | "for the discovery of the interplay of disorder and fluctuations in physical systems from atomic to planetary scales"[37]
prize shared with Syukuro Manabe and Klaus Hasselmann

## See also

[edit]

* Italy portal
* Biography portal

* List of Italians
* List of Nobel laureates by country

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences is an additional prize that was established in 1968 by the Bank of Sweden and was first awarded in 1969. Although not technically a Nobel Prize, it is identified with the award and the winners are announced with the Nobel Prize recipients, and the Prize in Economic Sciences is presented at the Nobel Prize Award Ceremony.[2]

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "Giosue Carducci | Italian poet". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 22 August 2017.
2. ^ a b "Nobel Prizes–Britannica". Encyclopaedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 29 April 2015. Retrieved 4 July 2024.
3. ^ "The Nobel Prize". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 15 October 2008. Retrieved 4 July 2024.
4. ^ "A short guide to the Nobel Prize". Swedish Institute. 7 December 2018. Archived from the original on 24 January 2019. Retrieved 4 July 2024.
5. ^ "Nobel Prize facts". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 15 August 2018. Retrieved 27 June 2024.
6. ^ "Tutti i Nobel italiani nella storia". Quotidiano Nazionale (in Italian). 5 October 2021. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
7. ^ "Giorgio Parisi è il 21° italiano a ricevere il premio Nobel: ecco tutti i vincitori". Tgcom24 (in Italian). 5 October 2021. Archived from the original on 19 October 2022. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
8. ^ Russo, Roberto (3 October 2017). "Nobel: la vera storia di Grazia e Rita, le uniche donne italiane ad averlo vinto". ELLE (in Italian). Retrieved 19 August 2024.
9. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1906". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 3 July 2024. Retrieved 2 July 2024.
10. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Literature 1906". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 5 April 2024. Retrieved 3 July 2024.
11. ^ "The Nobel Peace Prize 1907". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 5 April 2024. Retrieved 30 June 2024.
12. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1909". NobelPrize.org. 20 July 1937. Archived from the original on 3 October 2019. Retrieved 3 July 2024.
13. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Literature 1926". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 10 August 2020. Retrieved 3 July 2024.
14. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Literature 1934". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 5 April 2024. Retrieved 3 July 2024.
15. ^ Segrè, Emilio (1970). Enrico Fermi, Physicist. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 104\. ISBN 978-0-226-74473-5. OCLC 118467.
16. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1938". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 29 May 2020. Retrieved 3 July 2024.
17. ^ "Bovet, Daniel". Historical Dictionary of Switzerland (in German). 12 December 2002. Archived from the original on 6 January 2023. Retrieved 3 July 2024.
18. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1957". NobelPrize.org. 23 March 1907. Archived from the original on 5 April 2024. Retrieved 3 July 2024.
19. ^ "SEGRÈ, Emilio Gino". Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (in Italian). 2018. Archived from the original on 3 October 2023. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
20. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1959". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 6 December 2019. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
21. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Literature 1959". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 15 May 2024. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
22. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1963". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 15 January 2022. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
23. ^ "LURIA, Salvatore". Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (in Italian). 2006. Archived from the original on 13 November 2023. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
24. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1969". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 8 July 2019. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
25. ^ "DULBECCO, Renato". Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (in Italian). 2014. Archived from the original on 22 March 2023. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
26. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1975". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 11 April 2024. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
27. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Literature 1975". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 20 September 2023. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
28. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1984". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 22 May 2020. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
29. ^ "MODIGLIANI, Franco". Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (in Italian). 2011. Archived from the original on 2 October 2023. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
30. ^ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1985". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 9 April 2024. Retrieved 30 June 2024.
31. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1986". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 29 November 2020. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
32. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Literature 1997". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
33. ^ "Giaccóni, Riccardo". Treccani (in Italian). 28 July 2023. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
34. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 2002". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 20 May 2020. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
35. ^ "Capécchi, Mario Renato". Treccani (in Italian). 28 July 2023. Archived from the original on 25 March 2022. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
36. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2007". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 5 April 2024. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
37. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 2021". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 7 June 2023. Retrieved 7 July 2024.

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