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This is a list of important participants in Muslim feminism, originally sorted by surname within each period.

It may include, for instance, earlier authors who did not self-identify as feminists but have been claimed to have furthered "feminist consciousness" by a resistance of male dominance expressed in their works.

Nawab Faizunnessa, feminist from the early 19's

## Early and mid 19th-century feminists

[edit]

Born between 1801 and 1874.

Name  | Country  | Born  | Died  | Comments  | Source

|
|
|
|
|

Nawab Faizunnesa | British India | 1834 | 1903 | female education advocate | [1]
Qasim Amin | Egypt | 1863 | 1908 | early advocate of women's rights | [2][3]
Hamida Javanshir | Azerbaijan | 1873 | 1955 | women's rights activist, philanthropist | [4]
Aisha Taymur | Egypt | 1840 | 1902 | social activist, novelist | [5]
Fatma Aliye Topuz | Turkey | 1862 | 1936 | women's rights activist, novelist | [6]
Jamil Sidqi al-Zahawi | Iraq | 1863 | 1936 | poet, Islamic philosopher |
Zaynab Fawwaz | Lebanon  | 1860  | 1914  | playwright, women's rights activist  | [7]

## Late 19th-century and early 20th-century feminists

[edit]

Born between 1875 and 1939.

Name  | Country  | Born  | Died  | Comments  | Source

|
|
|
|
|

Iffat Ara | Bangladesh | 1939 | – | writer, social activist | [8]
Margot Badran | United States | 1934 | - | Middle East historian and recognized scholar of Islamic feminism | [9]
Eugénie Le Brun | Egypt |  | 1908 |  | [10]
Hamid Dalwai | India | 1932 | 1977 | Socialist feminist |
Tahar Haddad | Tunisia | 1897 | 1935 |  | [11]
Zaib-un-Nissa Hamidullah | British India | 1921 | 2000 | pioneer in (pre)Pakistan | [12]
Shamsiah Fakeh | Malaysia | 1924 | 2008 | political leader, Malaysian nationalist | [13]
Hameeda Hossain | Bangladesh | 1936 | – | human rights activist, academic | [14]
Fatima Ahmed Ibrahim | Sudan | 1933 | 2017 |  |
Raden Adjeng Kartini | Indonesia | 1879 | 1904 | Javanese advocate for native Indonesian women, critic of polygamous marriages and lack of education opportunities for women | [2]
Sufia Kamal | Bangladesh | 1911 | 1999 | advocate, nationalist, poet | [15]
Anbara Salam Khalidi | Lebanon | 1897 | 1986 | author | [16][17]
Shamsunnahar Mahmud | Pakistan | 1908 | 1964 | leader of the women's rights movement in Bengal | [18]
Malak Hifni Nasif | Egypt | 1886 | 1918 |  | [19]
Nizar Qabbani | Syria | 1923 | 1998 | poet, progressive intellectual | [20]
Alifa Rifaat | Egypt | 1930 | 1996 | novelist | [21]
Begum Rokeya | British India | 1880 | 1932 | writer, educator | [22][23][24]
Huda Sha'arawi | Egypt | 1879 | 1947 | organiser; founder of Egyptian Feminist Union | [25]
Hidaya Sultan al-Salem | Kuwait | 1936 | 2001 | writer, campaigner, suffragist | [26][27]
Rasuna Said | Indonesia | 1910 | 1965 | political leader, nationalist | [28]
Saiza Nabarawi | Egypt | 1897 | 1985 | journalist | [29]
Salma Sobhan | Bangladesh | 1937 | 2003 | lawyer, academic | [30]
Nurkhon Yuldasheva | Uzbekistan | 1913 | 1929 | dancer | [31]
Ismat Chughtai | India | 1915 | 1991 | novelist, director |
Nazira Zain al-Dine | Lebanon  | 1908  | 1976  | writer, women's rights activist  | [32]

## Mid to late 20th-century and notable 21st-century feminists

[edit]

Born from 1940 to present

Name  | Country  | Born  | Died  | Comments  | Source

|
|
|
|
|

Saleemah Abdul-Ghafur | United States | 1974 | – | Global health advocate | [33]
Sitara Achakzai | Afghanistan | 1956 | 2009 | leading Afghan women's rights activist, member of the regional parliament in Kandahar | [34]
Jamila Afghani | Afghanistan | 1974 | – | women's rights activist, created the first "gender-sensitive training in Afghanistan for Imams" | [35][36]
Mahnaz Afkhami | Iran | 1941 | – | women's rights activist, Minister without portfolio for Women's Affairs, Founder and President of Women's Learning Partnership | [37][38]
Haleh Afshar, Baroness Afshar | United Kingdom | 1944 | 2022 | professor of politics and women's studies, member of the British House of Lords | [39]
Nazir Afzal | United Kingdom | 1962 | – | Public prosecutor and campaigner focusing on violence against women and so-called honour crimes | [40]
Leila Ahmed | Egypt | 1940 | – | Writer on Islam and feminism | [41]
Safia Ahmed-jan | Afghanistan | 1941 | 2006 | Afghan women's rights advocate | [42]
Kecia Ali | United States | 1972 |  | scholar on the study of Islamic Jurisprudence (fiqh) and Women | [43]
Mariam Alhassan Alolo | Ghana | 1957 | – | female Islamic missionary | [44]
Amat Al Alim Alsoswa | Yemen | 1958 | – | journalist | [45]
Fadela Amara | France | 1964 | – | politician | [46]
Zainah Anwar | Malaysia |  | – | head of Sisters in Islam | [47]
Seyran Ateş | Germany | 1963 | – | lawyer | [48][49]
Shukria Barakzai | Afghanistan | 1970 | – | politician, journalist | [50]
Farzana Bari | Pakistan | 1952 | – | human rights activist | [51][52]
Asma Barlas | Pakistan | 1950 | – | academics | [53]
Benazir Bhutto | Pakistan | 1953 | 2007 | Prime Minister of Pakistan from 1988 to 1990 and from 1993 to 1996 | [54]
Zoubeïda Bittari | Algerian  | 1939  | –  | Author of O, My Muslim Sisters, Weep | [55]
Susan Carland | Australia | 1978 | – | academic | [56]
Kamala Chandrakirana | Indonesia |  | – | human rights activist | [57]
Shirin Ebadi | Iran | 1947 | – | ; activist, Nobel Peace Prize winner for her efforts for the rights of women and children | [58]
Sineb El Masrar | Germany  | 1981  | –  | Moroccan-German author and magazine editor  | [59]
Mona Eltahawy | Egypt | 1967 | – | journalist | [60]
Farid Esack | South Africa | 1959 | – | Muslim scholar, gender equity commissioner |
Zahra Eshraghi | Iran | 1964 | – | activist, former government official | [61][62]
Soumaya Naamane Guessous | Morocco |  | – | sociologist, women's rights activist | [63]
Fatemeh Haghighatjoo | Iran | 1968 | – | reformist politician, contributed proposing a bill to join Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women | [64][65]
Mohammad Shafiq Hamdam | Afghanistan | 1981 | – | Chairman of the Afghan Anti-Corruption Network (AACN) |
Suheir Hammad | Jordan | 1973 | – | poet, political activist |
Riffat Hassan | Pakistan | 1943 | – | theologian, scholar of the Qur'an | [66]
Hissa Hilal | Saudi Arabia |  | – | poet | [67]
Lubna al-Hussein | Sudan |  | – | journalist, human rights activist | [68]
Samira Ibrahim | Egypt | 1987 | – | activist | [69]
Ramziya al-Iryani | Yemen | 1954 | – | novelist, diplomat | [70][71]
Na'eem Jeenah | South Africa | 1965 | – | academic | [72]
Mohja Kahf | Syria | 1967 | – |  |
Meena Keshwar Kamal | Afghanistan | 1956 | 1987 | women's rights activist, founder of Revolutionary Association of the Women of Afghanistan | [73][74][75][76]
Sultana Kamal | Bangladesh | 1950 | – | activist | [77][78]
Sadiq Khan | United Kingdom | 1970 | – | Mayor of London since 2016 | [79]
Noushin Ahmadi Khorasani | Iran | 20th century | – |  |
Fawzia Koofi | Afghanistan | 1975 or 1976 | – | politician, women' rights activist | [80]
Elaheh Koulaei | Iran | 1956 | – |  |
Konca Kuriş | Turkey | 1961 | 1999 | writer | [81]
Asma Lamrabet | Morocco |  |  |  | [82]
Mukhtār Mā'ī | Pakistan | 1972 | – | advocate for women's rights | [83]
Irshad Manji | Canada | 1968 | – |  | [84]
Farideh Mashini | Iran |  | 2012 | women's rights activist | [85]
Fatema Mernissi | Morocco | 1940 | 2015 |  | [86]
Ziba Mir-Hosseini | Iran | 1952 | – | academic of Islamic law and gender | [87][88]
Fakhrossadat Mohtashamipour | Iran |  | – | reformist activist, head of women's affairs at the Ministry of Interior | [89]
Ilham Moussaïd | France | 1989 | – | politician | [90][91]
Shirin Neshat | Iran | 1957 | – | visual artist | [92][93]
Asra Nomani | India | 1965 | – |  | [94]
Queen Noor of Jordan | Jordan | 1951 | – | queen consort of Jordan |
Ayaz Latif Palijo | Pakistan | 1968 | – | politician |
Zahra Rahnavard | Iran | 1945 | – | academic, politician | [95]
Queen Rania of Jordan | Jordan | 1970 | – | queen consort of Jordan |
Raheel Raza | Pakistan | 1949 | – | journalist, activist | [96][97]
Nilofar Sakhi | Afghanistan | 20th century | – | human rights activist | [98]
Zainab Salbi | Iraq | 1969 | – | humanitarian, CEO of Women for Women International | [99][100]
Linda Sarsour | United States | 1980 | – | Islamist political activist | [101]
Marjane Satrapi | France, Iran | 1969 | – | comic artist | [102]
Shamima Shaikh | South Africa | 1960 | 1998 | South African activist, member of the Muslim Youth Movement of South Africa, proponent of Islamic gender equality | [103]
Shahla Sherkat | Iran | 1956 | – | journalist |
Nasrin Sotoudeh | Iran | 1963 | – | human rights lawyer | [104]
Hidayet Şefkatli Tuksal | Turkey | 1963 |  | human rights activist | [105]
Zil-e-Huma Usman | Pakistan | 1971 | 2007 | politician, women's rights activist | [106]
Amina Wadud | United States | 1952 |  |  | [107]
Rama Yade | France | 1976 |  | politician, writer | [108]
Nadia Yassine | Morocco | 1958 |  |  | [109]
Malala Yousafzai | Pakistan | 1997 | – | Pakistani activist for female education | [110]
Bilkisu Yusuf | Nigeria | 1952 | 2015 | journalist, NGO adviser | [111]
Kadra Yusuf | Norway | 1980 |  | activist | [112]
Musdah Mulia | Indonesia | 1960 |  | human rights activist, Islamic scholar, theologian, proponent of Islamic gender equality and LGBTIQ, interfaith activist, one of founders and leaders of ICRP - Indonesian Conference on Religion and Peace | [citation needed]
Manal al-Sharif | Saudi Arabia  | 1979  |  | women's rights activist  | [113]
Samar Badawi | Saudi Arabia  | 1981  |  | women's rights activist  | [114]
Nassima al-Sadah | Saudi Arabia  | 1974  |  | women's rights activist  | [114]
Rita Puspa Zakaria  | Indonesia  | 1967  |  | women's rights activist and health advocate  | [115]

## Muslim feminist movements

[edit]

* Gerwani
* Musawah[116][117]
* Sister-hood[118]
* Sisters in Islam[119]
* Voice of Libyan Women[120]
* Women's Islamic Initiative in Spirituality and Equality[121][122]
* Revolutionary Association of the Women of Afghanistan
* Women Living Under Muslim Laws

## See also

[edit]

* Islamic feminism
* Women in Islam
* List of feminists
* Liberalism and progressivism within Islam
* Islamo-Leftism
* Islamic socialism

## References

[edit]

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