List of New Testament minuscules (1901–2000)

A New Testament minuscule is a copy of a portion of the New Testament written in a small, cursive Greek script (developed from Uncial).[1]

## Legend

[edit]

* The numbers (#) are the now standard system of Caspar René Gregory, often referred to as the Gregory-Aland numbers.
* Included among the cataloged minuscules are the following types of manuscripts, color coded:

Grey represents continuous text manuscripts containing only New Testament portions

Beige represents manuscripts with New Testament portions and a catena (quotations from church fathers)
Light cyan represents manuscripts of single-author commentaries who included the full Scripture text.
Light red represents manuscripts of single-author commentaries who included both the full Scripture text and a catena.
Light purple represents manuscripts of commentaries where the Scripture text was abridged.
White represents manuscript numbers no longer in use.

* Dates are estimated to the nearest 100 year increment where specific date is unknown.
* Content generally only describes sections of the New Testament: Gospels, The Acts of the Apostles (Acts), Pauline epistles, and so on. Sometimes the surviving portion of a codex is so limited that specific books, chapters or even verses can be indicated. Linked articles, where they exist, generally specify content in detail, by verse.
* Digital images are referenced with direct links to the hosting web pages, with the exception of those at the INTF. The quality and accessibility of the images is as follows:

Gold color indicates high resolution color images available online.

Tan color indicates high resolution color images available locally, not online.
Light tan color indicates only a small fraction of manuscript pages with color images available online.
Light gray color indicates black/white or microfilm images available online.
Light blue color indicates manuscript not imaged, and is currently lost or ownership unknown.
Light pink color indicates manuscript destroyed, presumed destroyed, or deemed too fragile to digitize.
Violet color indicates high resolution ultraviolet images available online.

† Indicates the manuscript has damaged or missing pages.
P Indicates only a portion of the books were included.
K Indicates manuscript also includes a commentary.
S Indicates lost portions of manuscript replaced via supplement of a later hand.
abs (abschrift) Indicates manuscript is copy.
[ ] Brackets around Gregory-Aland number indicate the manuscript belongs to an already numbered manuscript, was found to not be a continuous text manuscript, was found to be written in modern Greek versus Koine Greek, was proved a forgery, or has been destroyed.

## Minuscules 1901-2000

[edit]

# | Date | Contents | Pages | Institution and refs. | City, State | Country | Images[2]

|
|
|
|
|
|
|

1901  | 1524  | Gospels | 296  | Monastery of Saint John the Theologian, 635  | Patmos | Greece | INTF
1902  | 14th  | Acts†, Pauline Epistles†  | 297  | Esphigmenou Monastery, 198  | Mount Athos | Greece  | INTF
1903  | 1636  | Acts, Pauline Epistles, Revelation | 250  | Xeropotamou Monastery, 243  | Mount Athos  | Greece  | INTF
1904  | 11th  | Acts†, Pauline EpistlesP†,  | 35  | Koutloumousiou Monastery, 86  | Mount Athos  | Greece  | INTF
1905  | 10th  | Pauline Epistles†  | 251  | National Library, Coislin 27[3] | Paris | France | INTF
1906  | 1056  | Pauline Epistles | 272  | National Library, Coislin 28[4] | Paris  | France  | INTF
1907  | 11th  | Pauline epistles†  | 169  | Cambridge University Library, Ff. 1.30  | Cambridge | UK | INTF
170  | Magdalen College, Gr. 7  | Oxford | UK  | DB[5]
INTF
1908  | 11th  | Pauline epistles | 255  | Bodleian Library, Roe 16[6] | Oxford  | UK  | INTF
1909  | 12th  | Romans 7:7 - 16:24 (Nicetas Catena)  | 359  | Bavarian State Library, Cod.graec. 412  | Munich | Germany | BSB,[7] INTF
[1909abs]=
2888  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
1910  | 11th/12th  | Galatians - Hebrews  | 312  | National Library, Coislin 204[8] | Paris  | France  | INTF
1911  | 16th  | Pauline epistles | 233  | British Library, Harley MS 5552  | London  | UK  | BL[9]
INTF
1912  | 10th  | Pauline Epistles (without Titus and Philemon)  | 170  | Victor Emmanuel III National Library, Cod. Neapol. ex Vind. 8  | Naples  | Italy  | INTF
1913  | 13th  | Theophylact Commentary on the Pauline epistles†  | 85  | Leipzig University Library, Cod. Gr. 16, fol. 1-85  | Leipzig | Germany  | INTF
1914  | 12th  | Pauline epistles | 266  | Vatican Library, Vat.gr.761  | Vatican City | Vatican | INTF
1915  | 10th  | Romans, 1 Corinthians, 2 Corinthians  | 411  | Vatican Library, Vat.gr.762  | Vatican City  | Vatican  | INTF
1916  | 11th  | Pauline epistles | 177  | Vatican Library, Vat.gr.765  | Vatican City  | Vatican  | INTF
1917  | 12th  | Pauline epistles | 249  | Vatican Library, Vat.gr.766  | Vatican City  | Vatican  | INTF
1918  | 14th  | Romans - 1 Timothy†, Revelation†  | 60 | Vatican Library, Vat.gr.1136 | Vatican City | Vatican | INTF
4 | Vatican Library, Vat.gr.1882 | Vatican City | Vatican | DVL[10]
1919  | 11th  | Pauline Epistles | 426  | Laurentian Library, Plut.10.04  | Florence | Italy  | BML,[11] INTF
1920  | 10th  | Pauline Epistles | 285  | Laurentian Library, Plut.10.06  | Florence  | Italy  | BML,[12] INTF
1921  | 11th  | Pauline Epistles | 270  | Laurentian Library, Plut.10.07  | Florence  | Italy  | BML,[13] INTF
1922  | 13th  | Pauline Epistles | 260  | Laurentian Library, Plut.10.19  | Florence  | Italy  | BML,[14] INTF
1923  | 11th  | Pauline Epistles | 369  | Marciana National Library, Gr. Z. 33 (423)  | Venice | Italy  | INTF
1924  | 11th  | Pauline Epistles | 332  | Marciana National Library, Gr. Z. 34 (349)  | Venice  | Italy  | INTF
1925  | 11th  | 2 Corinthians - Hebrews  | 159  | Marciana National Library, Gr. Z. 35 (343)  | Venice  | Italy  | INTF
1926  | 12th  | Theophylact Commentary on 1 Corinthians, 2 Corinthians  | 462  | State Historical Museum, V. 97, S. 305  | Moscow | Russia | INTF
1927  | 10th  | Pauline Epistles | 241  | State Historical Museum, V. 94, S. 98  | Moscow  | Russia  | INTF
1928  | 15th  | Theophylact Commentary on Romans†  | 41  | State Historical Museum, V. 418, S. 363, fol. 117-157  | Moscow  | Russia  | INTF
1929  | 1387  | Theophylact Commentary on the Pauline Epistles†  | 381  | Bavarian State Library, Cod.graec. 504  | Munich  | Germany  | BSB,[15] CSNTM[permanent dead link], INTF
[1929abs]=
2889  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
1930  | 16th  | Theophylact Commentary on the Pauline Epistles | 488  | Bavarian State Library, Cod.graec. 35  | Munich  | Germany  | INTF
1931  | 16th  | Pauline Epistles | 168  | National Library, Grec 126[16] | Paris  | France  | INTF
1932  | 11th  | Pauline Epistles†  | 227  | National Library, Grec 222  | Paris  | France  | BnF,[17] INTF
1933  | 1045  | Pauline Epistles | 273  | National Library, Grec 223  | Paris  | France  | BnF,[18] INTF
1934  | 11th  | Pauline Epistles, Revelation | 274  | National Library, Grec 224  | Paris  | France  | BnF,[19] INTF
1935  | 16th  | Theophylact Commentary on Romans - 2 Thessalonians  | 401  | National Library, Grec 225  | Paris  | France  | BnF,[20] INTF
1936  | 16th  | Chrysostom Commentary on Romans 1:1 - 6:11  | 96  | National Library, Grec 226  | Paris  | France  | BnF[21]
1937  | 16th  | 1 Corinthians  | 213  | National Library, Grec 227  | Paris  | France  | BnF,[22] INTF
1938  | 13th  | Hebrews (Nicetas Catena)  | 391  | National Library, Grec 238  | Paris  | France  | BnF,[23] INTF
1939  | 16th  | Theodoret Commentary on the Pauline Epistles | 261  | National Library, Grec 849  | Paris  | France  | BnF,[24] INTF
1940  | 16th  | 1 Thessalonians - Hebrews  | 71  | Formerly, Turin National University Library, C.VI.29 (destroyed)  | Turin  | Italy  |
1941  | 13th  | Pauline Epistles†  | 241  | Ambrosiana Library, B 6 inf.[25] | Milan  | Italy  | INTF
1942  | 12th  | Chrysostom Commentary on Romans - 1 Thessalonians†  | 175  | Ambrosiana Library, A 51 /b sup.[26] | Milan  | Italy  | INTF
1943  | 14th  | Theophylact Commentary on the Pauline Epistles | 341  | Ambrosiana Library, F 125 sup.  | Milan  | Italy  | INTF
[1944] = 2288  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
1945  | 13th  | Theodoret Commentary on the Pauline Epistles | 137  | Vatican Library, Vat.gr.1649  | Vatican City  | Vatican  | INTF
1946  | 11th  | 1 Corinthians - Hebrews†  | 181  | Vatican Library, Ott.gr.31  | Vatican City  | Vatican  | DVL[27]
INTF
1947  | 15th  | Theophylact Commentary on the Pauline Epistles†  | 198  | Vatican Library, Ott.gr.61  | Vatican City  | Vatican  | DVL[28]
INTF
1948  | 15th  | Pauline Epistles, Revelation | 187  | Vatican Library, Ott.gr.176  | Vatican City  | Vatican  | DVL[29]
INTF
1949  | 15th  | Romans 1:1 - 9:1  | 144  | Vatican Library, Ott.gr.356  | Vatican City  | Vatican  | DVL[30]
INTF
1950  | 14th  | Theophylact Commentary on the Pauline Epistles†  | 279  | Vatican Library, Chig.R.V.32  | Vatican City  | Vatican  | INTF
1951  | 12th  | Pauline Epistles | 158  | Vatican Library, Chig.R.VIII.55  | Vatican City  | Vatican  | INTF
1952  | 14th  | Pauline Epistles | 267  | Vatican Library, Barb.gr.503  | Vatican City  | Vatican  | INTF
1953  | 13th  | Romans 1:1 - 1 Corinthians 1:12  | 70  | Austrian National Library, Theol. gr. 166, fol. 1-70[31] | Vienna  | Austria  | INTF
1954  | 10th  | Pauline EpistlesP | 62  | Central Library, I. E. 11  | Palermo  | Italy  | INTF
1955  | 11th  | Pauline Epistles, Revelation†  | 144  | Lambeth Palace, MS1186  | London  | UK  | INTF
1956  | 13th  | Pauline Epistles  | 198  | British Library, Add MS 7142  | London  | UK  | BL[32]
INTF
1957  | 15th  | Hebrews 9:14-13:25, Revelation | 9  | Vatican Library, Vat.gr.1209  | Vatican City  | Vatican  | DVL,[33] INTF
1958  | 15th  | Pauline Epistles | 171  | Biblioteca Riccardiana, 85  | Florence  | Italy  | INTF
1959  | 15th  | Pauline Epistles  | 157  | Leiden University Library, B. P. Gr. 66  | Leiden | Netherlands | INTF
1960  | 14th  | Pauline Epistles  | 103  | Drew University, MS 1  | Madison, NJ | USA | CSNTM
1961  | 14th  | Theophylact Commentary on the Pauline Epistles  | 418  | British Library, Arundel MS 534  | London  | UK  | BL[34]
INTF
1962  | 11th/12th  | Chrysostom Commentary on the Pauline Epistles†  | 227  | Austrian National Library, Theol. gr. 157[35] | Vienna  | Austria  | INTF
1963  | 16th  | Theodoret Commentary on the Pauline Epistles  | 262  | Library of Study and Conservation, Ms. 169  | Besançon  | France  | INTF
1964  | 15th  | Theophylact Commentary on Romans 1:11 - 5:18; 7:5 - 16:27; 1 Corinthians 1:1-23; Hebrews  | 262  | National Library, Grec 224 A[36] | Paris  | France  | INTF
1965  | 14th  | Theophylact Commentary on Romans 16:2-13; Colossians 1:1-4; 2 Timothy 2:19-4:22; Hebrews 1:1-2  | 11  | National Library, Supplement Grec 1001, fol. 3.3a-12[37] | Paris  | France  | INTF
1966  | 13th  | Gospels | 271  | Monastery of Saint John the Theologian, 87  | Patmos  | Greece  | INTF
1967  | 15th  | Theodoret Commentary on Romans 1:1 - 2:26  | 14th  | Vatican Library, Ott.gr.74, fol. 267-280  | Vatican City  | Vatican  | DVL[38]
1968  | 11th  | Colossians; 1 Thessalonians  | 2  | Vatican Library, Pal.gr.423, fol. 7.8  | Vatican City  | Vatican  | INTF
1969  | 13th  | Chrysostom Commentary on the Pauline Epistles | 357  | National Library, Coislin 29[39] | Paris  | France  | INTF
1970  | 12th  | Pauline Epistles†  | 177  | National Library, Coislin 30[40] | Paris  | France  | INTF
1971  | 12th  | Pauline Epistles  | 348  | National Library, Coislin 95[41] | Paris  | France  | INTF
1972  | 13th  | Pauline Epistles  | 227  | National Library, Coislin 217  | Paris  | France  | BnF,[42] INTF
1973  | 13th  | Theophylact Commentary on the Pauline Epistles  | 319  | National Library, NLG 96  | Athens  | Greece  | CSNTM
1974  | 12th  | Romans - 2 Thessalonians†  | 152  | Royal Site of San Lorenzo de El Escorial, X. IV. 15  | San Lorenzo de El Escorial | Spain  | INTF
1975  | 14th  | EphesiansK† 5:8 - 1 ThessaloniansK 2:16†  | 19  | University Library, 2378  | Bologna  | Italy  | INTF
1976  | 13th  | Theophylact Commentary on Philippians† - Hebrews†  | 143  | Laurentian Library, Plut.06.08  | Florence  | Italy  | BML,[43] INTF
1977  | 14th  | Theophylact Commentary on the Pauline Epistles†  | 602  | Laurentian Library, Plut.10.09  | Florence  | Italy  | BML,[44] INTF
1978  | 15th  | Theophylact Commentary on the Pauline Epistles  | 529  | Laurentian Library, Plut.11.07  | Florence  | Italy  | BML,[45] INTF
1979  | 16th  | Theophylact Commentary on the Pauline Epistles  | 136  | Laurentian Library, Conv.Soppr.21  | Florence  | Italy  | BML,[46] CSNTM, INTF
1980  | 11th  | Pauline Epistles† (Portions of NT text abridged)  | 316  | Ambrosiana Library, A 62 inf.[47] | Milan  | Italy  | INTF
1981  | 11th  | Pauline Epistles†  | 190  | Ambrosiana Library, C 295 inf.[48] | Milan  | Italy  | INTF
1982  | 11th  | Pauline Epistles†  | 323  | Ambrosiana Library, D 541 inf.[49] | Milan  | Italy  | INTF
1983  | 13th  | Hebrews (Nicetas Catena)  | 268  | Ambrosiana Library, E 2 inf.[50] | Milan  | Italy  | INTF
[1983abs]
= 2890  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
1984  | 14th  | Theophylact Commentary on the Pauline Epistles | 436  | Victor Emmanuel III National Library, Ms. II. B. 23  | Naples  | Italy  | INTF
1985  | 16th  | Theophylact Commentary on the Pauline Epistles | 562  | Victor Emmanuel III National Library, Ms. II. B. 24, fol. 354-925  | Naples  | Italy  | INTF
1986  | 12th  | Pauline Epistles†  | 189  | Vatican Library, Barb.gr.574  | Vatican City  | Vatican  | INTF
1987  | 14th  | Theophylact Commentary on the Pauline Epistles†  | 531  | Casanata Library, 1298  | Rome  | Italy  | INTF
1988  | 12th  | Theophylact Commentary on Romans-Ephesians†  | 380  | Vatican Library, Vat.gr.549  | Vatican City  | Vatican  | INTF
[1989]  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
[1990]  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
1991  | 13th  | Theophylact Commentary on the Pauline Epistles | 204  | Vatican Library, Vat.gr.646  | Vatican City  | Vatican  | INTF
1992  | 1232  | Theophylact Commentary on the Pauline Epistles | 338  | Vatican Library, Vat.gr.648  | Vatican City  | Vatican  | INTF
1993  | 11th  | 1 Corinthians-Ephesians†  | 93  | Vatican Library, Vat.gr.692  | Vatican City  | Vatican  | INTF
1994  | 16th  | Theophylact Commentary on Romans, 1 Corinthians, 2 Corinthians, Ephesians, 1 Timothy, 2 Timothy, Hebrews  | 437  | Vatican Library, Vat.gr.1222  | Vatican City  | Vatican  | INTF
1995  | 15th  | Theophylact Commentary on the Pauline Epistles†  | 294  | Vatican Library, Vat.gr.2180  | Vatican City  | Vatican  | INTF
1996  | 15th  | Theodoret Commentary on the Pauline Epistles | 294  | Vatican Library, Ott.gr.17  | Vatican City  | Vatican  | INTF
1997  | 10th  | Pauline Epistles†  | 268  | Vatican Library, Pal.gr.10  | Vatican City  | Vatican  | HU[51]
INTF
1998  | 10th  | Pauline Epistles  | 181  | Vatican Library, Vat.gr.204  | Vatican City  | Vatican  | DVL[52]
INTF
1999  | 14th  | Theodoret Commentary on the Pauline Epistles  | 196  | Marciana National Library, Gr. Z. 36 (350)  | Venice  | Italy  | INTF
2000  | 14th  | Theophylact Commentary on the Pauline Epistles  | 360  | Koutloumousiou Monastery, 129s  | Mount Athos | Greece  | INTF

[top]

## See also

[edit]

* Bible portal

* List of New Testament papyri
* List of New Testament uncials
* List of New Testament minuscules (1–1000)
* List of New Testament minuscules (1001–2000)
* List of New Testament minuscules (2001–)
* List of New Testament minuscules ordered by Location/Institution
* List of New Testament lectionaries

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Eberhard Nestle, Erwin Nestle, Barbara Aland and Kurt Aland (eds), Novum Testamentum Graece, 27th edition, (Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, 2001).
2. ^ The two primary collections of manuscript images include the CSNTM ( "Manuscript Search". Center for the Student of New Testament Manuscripts. 7 July 2010. Retrieved 2016-08-26.) and the INTF ( "Manuscript Workspace". Institut für Neutestamentliche Textforschung. Retrieved 2016-08-26.) Other hosted images are referenced separately.
3. ^ "Coislin 27". Bibliothèque Nationale. Retrieved 2016-05-09.
4. ^ "Coislin 28". Bibliothèque Nationale. Retrieved 2016-05-09.
5. ^ "Letters to the Romans and Corinthians with catena". Digital Bodleian. Retrieved 2017-06-28.
6. ^ "MS. Roe 16". Bodleian Library. Retrieved 2017-09-07.
7. ^ "Catena in Pauli epistolam ad Romanos - BSB Cod.graec. 412". Bavarian State Library. Retrieved 2017-08-15.
8. ^ "Coislin 204". Bibliothèque Nationale. Retrieved 2016-05-09.
9. ^ "Harley MS 5552". British Library. Retrieved 2017-06-21.[permanent dead link]
10. ^ "Manuscript - Vat.Gr.1882". Digital Vatican Library. Retrieved 2017-05-09.
11. ^ "Plut.10.04". Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana. Retrieved 2017-08-29.
12. ^ "Plut.10.06". Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana. Retrieved 2017-08-29.
13. ^ "Plut.10.07". Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana. Retrieved 2017-08-29.
14. ^ "Plut.10.19". Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana. Retrieved 2017-08-29.
15. ^ "BSB Cod.graec. 504". Bavarian State Library. Retrieved 2017-08-15.
16. ^ "Grec 126". Bibliothèque Nationale. Retrieved 2016-05-09.
17. ^ "Grec 222". Bibliothèque Nationale. Retrieved 2016-05-09.
18. ^ "Grec 223". Bibliothèque Nationale. Retrieved 2016-05-09.
19. ^ "Grec 224". Bibliothèque Nationale. Retrieved 2016-05-09.
20. ^ "Grec 225". Bibliothèque Nationale. Retrieved 2016-05-09.
21. ^ "Grec 226". Bibliothèque Nationale. Retrieved 2016-05-09.
22. ^ "Grec 227". Bibliothèque Nationale. Retrieved 2016-05-09.
23. ^ "Grec 238". Bibliothèque Nationale. Retrieved 2016-05-09.
24. ^ "Grec 849". Bibliothèque Nationale. Retrieved 2016-05-09.
25. ^ B 6 inf. Veneranda Biblioteca Ambrosiana. Retrieved 2017-05-17.
26. ^ A 51 /b sup. Veneranda Biblioteca Ambrosiana. Retrieved 2017-05-17.
27. ^ "Manuscript - Ott.gr.31". Digital Vatican Library. Retrieved 2016-05-09.
28. ^ "Manuscript - Ott.Gr.61". Digital Vatican Library. Retrieved 2016-05-09.
29. ^ "Manuscript - Ott.Gr.176". Digital Vatican Library. Retrieved 2016-05-09.
30. ^ "Manuscript - Ott.Gr.356". Digital Vatican Library. Retrieved 2016-05-09.
31. ^ "Collectio theologica". Austrian National Library. Retrieved 2017-08-28.
32. ^ "Add MS 7142". British Library. Archived from the original on 2016-10-30. Retrieved 2016-05-09.
33. ^ "Manuscript - Vat.Gr.1209". Digital Vatican Library. Retrieved 2016-05-09.
34. ^ "Arundel MS 534". British Library. Retrieved 2016-05-31.[permanent dead link]
35. ^ "Commentarii in Epistulas Pauli : Excerpta ex Johanne Chrysostomo". Austrian National Library. Retrieved 2017-08-28.[permanent dead link]
36. ^ "Grec 224 A". Bibliothèque Nationale. Retrieved 2016-09-05.
37. ^ "Supplement Grec 1001". Bibliothèque Nationale. Retrieved 2016-09-05.
38. ^ "Manuscript - Ott.Gr.74". Digital Vatican Library. Retrieved 2016-05-09.
39. ^ "Coislin 29". Bibliothèque Nationale. Retrieved 2016-09-05.
40. ^ "Coislin 30". Bibliothèque Nationale. Retrieved 2016-09-05.
41. ^ "Coislin 95". Bibliothèque Nationale. Retrieved 2016-09-05.
42. ^ "Coislin 217". Bibliothèque Nationale. Retrieved 2016-05-31.
43. ^ "Plut.06.08". Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana. Retrieved 2017-06-11.
44. ^ "Plut.10.09". Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana. Retrieved 2017-08-29.
45. ^ "Plut.11.07". Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana. Retrieved 2017-08-29.
46. ^ "Conv.Soppr.21". Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana. Retrieved 2017-08-29.
47. ^ A 62 inf. Veneranda Biblioteca Ambrosiana. Retrieved 2017-05-17.
48. ^ C 295 inf. Veneranda Biblioteca Ambrosiana. Retrieved 2017-05-17.
49. ^ D 541 inf. Veneranda Biblioteca Ambrosiana. Retrieved 2017-05-17.
50. ^ E 2 inf. Veneranda Biblioteca Ambrosiana. Retrieved 2017-05-17.
51. ^ NN (951). "Paulus, Apostel, Heiliger; Epistolae XIV, cum argumentis". Heidelberger historische Bestände – digital. doi:10.11588/DIGLIT.37576. Retrieved 2019-04-18. `{{cite journal}}`: Cite journal requires `|journal=` (help)
52. ^ "Manuscript - Vat.Gr. 204". Digital Vatican Library. Retrieved 2016-05-11.

## Bibliography

[edit]

* Aland, Kurt; M. Welte; B. Köster; K. Junack (1994). Kurzgefasste Liste der griechischen Handschriften des Neues Testaments. Berlin, New York: Walter de Gruyter. p. 95\. ISBN 3-11-011986-2.
* "Liste Handschriften". Münster: Institute for New Testament Textual Research. Retrieved 2014-09-09.