List of Russian exonyms

This article does not cite any sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
Find sources: "List of Russian exonyms" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (September 2024) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

|

This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items. (August 2008)

|

Below is a list of Russian language exonyms for places, mainly in Europe. Note that this list only includes names that are significantly different from the local toponym, some exonyms are marked as historical, modern exonyms may match the toponyms.

## Austria

[edit]

Austria Avstriya (Австрия)

English name  | Russian name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
Carinthia  | Karintiya (Каринтия)  | Kärnten  | German  |
Styria  | Shtiriya (Штирия)  | Steiermark  | German  |
Vienna  | Vena (Вена)  | Wien  | German  |

## Azerbaijan

[edit]

Azerbaijan Azerbaidjan (Азербайджан)

English name  | Russian name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
Adsiz Ada  | Bezımyannıy (Безымянный)  | Adsız ada  | Azerbaijani  |
Baku  | Baku (Баку)  | Bakı  | Azerbaijani  |
Boyuk Zira  | Narqin (Наргин)  | Böyük Zirə  | Azerbaijani  |
Vulf  | Volf (Вольф)  | Daş Zirə  | Azerbaijani  |
Pirallahi İsland  | Artyom, Svyatoy ostrov (Артём, Святой остров)  | Pirallahı adası  | Azerbaijani  |
Stepanakert  | Stepanakert (Степанакерт)  | Xankəndi  | Azerbaijani
Liman  | Port-Elich (Порт-Илич)  |  |  |
Ganja  | Yelizavetpol, Kirovabad (Елизаветпол, Кировабад)  | Gəncə  | Azerbaijani
Nakhchevan  | Nakhichevan (Нахичевань)  | Naxçıvan  | Azerbaijani  |

## Belgium

[edit]

Belgium Bel'giya (Бельгия)

English name  | Russian name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
Flanders  | Flandriya (Фландрия)  | Vlaanderen  | Dutch  |

## China

[edit]

China Kitay (Китай)

English name  | Russian name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
Beijing  | Pekin, Beytszyn (Пекин, Бэйцзин) | 北京 (Běijīng)  | Mandarin  |
Macao  | Makao, Aomyn' (Макао, Аомынь)  | 澳门/澳門 (Àomén)  | Mandarin  |
Nanjing  | Nankin, Nantszin (Нанкин, Наньцзин)  | 南京 (Nánjīng)  | Mandarin  |

## Cuba

[edit]

Cuba Kuba (Куба)

English name  | Russian name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
Havana  | Gavana (Гавана)  | La Habana  | Spanish  |

## Cyprus

[edit]

Cyprus Kipr (Кипр)

English name  | Russian name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
Famagusta  | Famagusta (Фамагуста)  | Αμμόχωστος (Ammóchostos)  | Greek  |
Gazimağusa  | Turkish  |
Nicosia  | Nikosiya (Никосия)  | Lefkoşa  | Turkish  |
Λευκωσία (Levkosía)  | Greek  |

## Czech Republic

[edit]

Czech Republic Chekhiya (Чехия)

English name  | Russian name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
Bohemia  | Bogemiya (Богемия)  | Čechy | Czech  |
Moravia  | Moraviya (Моравия)  | Morava | Czech  |
Prague  | Praga (Прага)  | Praha  | Czech  |
Silesia  | Sileziya (Силезия)  | Ślōnsk  | Silesian  |

## Denmark

[edit]

Denmark Дания/Daniya

English name  | Russian name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
Copenhagen  | Kopengagen (Копенгаген)  | København  | Danish  |
Jutland  | Yutlandiya (Ютландия)  | Jylland  | Danish  |

## Egypt

[edit]

Egypt

English name  | Russian name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
Alexandria  | Alexsanriya (Александрия)  | (Al-Iskandariyya) الإسكندرية | Arabic  |
Cairo  | Kair (Каир)  | (Al-Qāhirah) القاهرة | Arabic  |
Luxor  | Luksor (Луксор)  | (Al-Uqṣur) الأقصر | Arabic  |
Suez  | Suets (Суэц)  | (As-Suways) السويس | Arabic  |

## Estonia

[edit]

Estonia Эстония/Eestohnya

English name  | Russian name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
Narva  | Rugodiv (Ругодив) |  |  |
Tallinn  | Kolyvan' (Колывань) |  |  |

## Finland

[edit]

Finland Финляндия

English name  | Russian name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
Helsinki  | Gelsingfors (Гельсингфорс) |  |  |
Turku  | Abo (Або), Kaby (Кабы), Torg (Торг) |  |  |

## France

[edit]

France

English name  | Russian name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
Cannes  | Kanny (Канны)  | Canas | Occitan  |
Nice  | Nitstsa (Ницца)  | Niça | Occitan  |
Paris  | Parizh (Париж)  |  |  |

## Germany

[edit]

Germany

English name  | Russian name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
Bavaria  | Bavariya (Бавария)  | Bayern  | German  |
Pomerania  | Pomeraniya (Померания)  | Pommern  | German  |
Prussia  | Prussiya (Пруссия)  | Preußen  | German  |
Saarland  | Saar (Саар)  |  |  |
Saxony  | Saksoniya (Саксония)  | Sachsen  | German  |
Silesia  | Sileziya (Силезия)  | Ślōnsk  | Silesian  |
Swabia  | Shvabiya (Швабия)  | Schwaben  | German  |
Westphalia  | Vestfaliya (Вестфалия)  | Westfalen  | German  |

## Greece

[edit]

Greece Греция/Gretsiya

English name  | Russian name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
Athens  | Afiny (Афины)  | Athína (Αθήνα)  | Greek  |
Corfu  | Korfu (Корфу)  | Kérkyra (Κέρκυρα)  | Greek  |
Corinth  | Korinf (Коринф)  | Kórinthos (Κόρινθος)  | Greek  |
Ioannina  | Yanina (Янина)  | Ioánnina (Ιωάννινα)  | Greek  |
Piraeus  | Pirey (Пирей)  | Peiraiás (Πειραιάς)  | Greek  |
Thebes  | Fivy (Фивы)  | Thíva (Θήβα)  | Greek  |
Thessalia  | Fessaliya (Фессалия)  | Thessalía (Θεσσαλία)  | Greek  |
Thessaloniki  | Saloniki (Салоники)  | Thessaloníki (Θεσσαλονίκη)  | Greek  |
Thrace  | Frankiy (Фракия)  | Thráki (Θράκη)  | Greek  |

## Iran

[edit]

Iran

English name  | Russian name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
Tehran  | Tegeran (Тегеран)  | تهران (Tehrān) | Persian  |

## Israel

[edit]

Israel

English name  | Russian name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
Jerusalem  | Iyerusalim (Иерусалим)  | יְרוּשָׁלַיִם (Yerushaláyim)  | Hebrew  |
القُدس (Al-Quds)  | Arabic  |
Nazareth  | Nazaret (Назарет)  | נָצְרַת (Natsrat)  | Hebrew  |

## Italy

[edit]

Italy

English name  | Russian name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
Florence  | Флоренция/Florentsiya  | Firenze | Italian  |
Genoa  | Генуя/Genuya  | Zêna | Ligurian  |
Naples  | Неаполь/Neapol'  | Napule  | Neapolitan  |
Padua  | Падуя/Paduya  | Pàdova | Venetian  |
Rome  | Рим/Rim  | Roma  | Italian  |

## Latvia

[edit]

Latvia

English name  | Russian name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
Koknese  | Kukeynos (Кукейнос) |  |  |
Rezekne  | Rezhitsa (Режица) |  |  |
Daugavpils  | Dvinsk (Двинск) |  |  |
Liepaja  | Libava (Либава) |  |  |
Ventspils  | Vindava (Виндава) |  |  |
Valmiera  | Volodimerets (Володимерец) |  |  |
Kraslava  | Kreslavl (Креславль) |  |  |
Aizkraukle  | Aiskoroda (Айскорода) |  |  |
Aluksne  | Olyst (Олыст) |  |  |

## Lithuania

[edit]

Lithuania Литва/Litva

English name  | Russian name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
Kaunas  | Kovno (Ковно) |  |  | Obsolete
Vilnius  | Vilna, Vilno (Вильна, Вильно) |  |  | Obsolete

## Libya

[edit]

Libya Ливия/Liviya

English name  | Russian name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
Tripoli  | Tripoli (Триполи)  | Ṭarābulus (طرابلس)  | Arabic  |

## Mali

[edit]

Mali

English name  | Russian name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
Timbuktu  | Timbuktu (Тимбукту)  | Tumbutu  | Western Songhay  |

## Moldova

[edit]

Moldova Молдавия/Moldaviya

English name  | Russian name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
Bălţi  | Bel'tsy (Бельцы)  |  |  |
Besarabeasca  | Bessarabka (Бессарабка)  |  |  |
Chişinău  | Kishinyov (Кишинёв)  |  |  |
Edineţ  | Edintsy (Единцы)  |  |  |
Orhei  | Orgeyev (Оргеев)  |  |  |
Otaci  | Ataki (Атаки)  |  |  |
Soroca  | Soroki (Сороки)  |  |  |
Tighina  | Bendery (Бендеры)  |  |  |

## Mongolia

[edit]

Mongolia Монголия/Mongoliya

English name  | Russian name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
Sükhbaatar  | Sukhe-Bator (Сухэ-Батор)  |  |  |
Ulanbaatar  | Ulan-Bator (Улан-Батор)  |  |  |

## Morocco

[edit]

Morocco Марокко/Marokko

English name  | Russian name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
Casablanca  | Kasablanka (Касабланка)  | Ad-Dar Al-Bayḍā' (الدار البيضاء)  | Arabic  |
Tangier  | Tanzher (Танжер)  | Ṭanja (طنجة)  | Arabic  |

## Netherlands

[edit]

Netherlands

English name  | Russian name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
The Hague  | Gaaga (Гаага)  | Den Haag  | Dutch  |

## North Korea

[edit]

North Korea

English name  | Russian name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
Pyongyang  | Pken'yan (Пхеньян)  |  |  |

## Palestine

[edit]

Palestine

English name  | Russian name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
Bethlehem  | Vifleyem (Вифлеем)  | بيت لحم (Beit Lahm)  | Arabic  |
Jericho  | Iyerikhon (Иерихон)  | أريحا (Arīḥā)  | Arabic  |
Jerusalem  | Iyerusalim (Иерусалим)  | القُدس (Al-Quds)  | Arabic  |
יְרוּשָׁלַיִם (Yerushaláyim)  | Hebrew  |

## Poland

[edit]

Poland Польша/Pol'sha

English name  | Russian name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
Augustów  | Avgustov (Августов)  |  |  |
Białystok  | Belostok (Белосток)  |  |  |
Galicia  | Galitsiya (Галиция)  |  |  |
Kashubia  | Kashubiya (Кашубия)  | Kaszëbë | Kashubian  |
Łódz  | Lodz' (Лодзь)  |  |  |
Mazovia  | Mazoviya (Мазовия)  | Mazowsze | Polish  |
Pomerania  | Pomerania (Померания)  | Pomorze | Polish  |
Silesia  | Sileziya (Силезия)  | Ślōnsk  | Silesian  |

## Portugal

[edit]

Portugal

English name  | Russian name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
Lisbon  | Lissabon (Лиссабон)  | Lisboa  | Portuguese  |

## Romania

[edit]

Romania Румыния/Rumyniya

English name  | Russian name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
Bucharest  | Bukharest (Бухарест)  | Bucureşti  | Romanian  |
Iaşi  | Yassy (Яссы)  | Iaşi  | Romanian  |

## Serbia

[edit]

Serbia Сербия/Serbiya

English name  | Russian name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
Belgrad  | Belgrad (Белград)  | Beograd  | Serbian  |

## South Korea

[edit]

South Korea

English name  | Russian name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
Incheon  | Inchkhon (Инчхон)  |  |  |

## Sweden

[edit]

Sweden Швеция/Shvetsiya

English name  | Russian name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
Stockholm  | Stokgol'm, Stekolnaya (Cтокгольм, Стекольня)  |  |  |

## Switzerland

[edit]

Switzerland Швейцария/Shveytsariya

English name  | Russian name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
Geneva  | Zheneva (Женева)  | Genève  | French  |
Lausanne  | Lozanna (Лозанна)  | Lausanne  | French  |

## Syria

[edit]

Syria Сирия/Siriya

English name  | Russian name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
Damascus  | Damask (Дамаск)  | دمشق (Dimašq)  | Arabic  |

## Thailand

[edit]

Thailand Таиланд/Tailand

English name  | Russian name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
Bangkok  | Bangkok (Бангкок)  | Krung Thep (กรุงเทพฯ)  | Thai  |

## Turkey

[edit]

Turkey Turtsiya (Турция)

English name  | Russian name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
Istanbul  | Stambul, Tsargrad (Стамбул, Царьград) | İstanbul  | Turkish  |

## Turkmenistan

[edit]

Turkmenistan

English name  | Russian name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
Ashgabat  | Ashkhabad (Ашхабад)  | Aşgabat  | Turkmen  |
Garabogaz  | Karabogaz (Карабогаз)  |  |  |
Serhetabat  | Kushka (Кушка)  |  |  |

## Ukraine

[edit]

Ukraine

English name  | Russian name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
Kyiv  | Kiev(Киев)  | Київ (Kyiv)  | Ukrainian  |
Mykolaiv  | Nikolayev (Николаев)  | Миколаїв (Mykolaiv)  | Ukrainian  |

## United Kingdom

[edit]

United Kingdom

English name  | Russian name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
England  | Angliya (Англия)  |  |  |
Scotland  | Shotlandiya (Шотландия)  |  |  |

## United States

[edit]

United States

English name  | Russian name  | Endonym  | Notes
Name  | Language
New Orleans  | Novyy Orlean (Новый Орлеан)  |  |  |
Texas  | Tekhas (Техас)  |  |  |

## See also

[edit]

* List of European exonyms
* Names of Belarusian places in other languages
* Names of Lithuanian places in other languages

* v
* t
* e

Exonyms per language

* Albanian
* Arabic
* Azerbaijani
* Bulgarian
* Chinese
* Cornish
* Croatian
* Czech
* Danish
* Dutch
* English
* Finnish
* German
* Greek
* Hungarian
* Icelandic
* Irish
* Italian
* Japanese
* Latin
* Lithuanian
* Luxembourgish
* Old Norse
* Norwegian
* Portuguese
* Romansh
* Russian
* Scottish Gaelic
* Serbian
* Slovak
* Slovenian
* Spanish
* Ukrainian
* Vietnamese
* Welsh

*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template