List of Western Bloc defectors

Incomplete list of Western Bloc intelligence agents, military personnel, scientists, politicians, diplomats, and other prominent people who defected to Eastern Bloc or non-aligned countries during the Cold War and after.

## Defections before 1991[edit]

Defector  | Profession/Prominence  | Country of origin  | Year of Defection  | Country of defection

|
|
|
|

Erwin Borchers | French Foreign Legion | Germany / France | 1945 | Viet Minh[1]
Ernst Frey | French Foreign Legion | Austria / France | 1945 | Viet Minh[2]
Siegfried Wenzel | French Foreign Legion | Germany / France | 1945 | Viet Minh[3]
Kostas Sarantidis | French Foreign Legion | Greece / France | 1946 | Viet Minh[4]
Stefan Kubiak | French Foreign Legion | Poland / France | 1946 | Viet Minh[5]
Park Si-hyeong | Historian | South Korea (U.S. Occupation Zone) | 1946 | North Korea (Soviet Occupation Zone)[6]
Karl-Eduard von Schnitzler | BBC journalist | West Germany (British Occupation Zone) | 1947 | East Germany (Soviet Occupation Zone)[7]
Emil Selhofer | French Foreign Legion | Switzerland / France | 1947 | Viet Minh[8]
George Shaw Wheeler | Foreign Economic Administration economist | United States | 1947 | Czechoslovakia
Annabelle Bucar | State Department | United States | 1948 | Soviet Union[9]
Hong Myong-hui | Writer | South Korea | 1948 | North Korea[10]
Kang Tae-mu | Republic of Korea Army | South Korea | 1948 | North Korea[11]
Kim Sun-nam | Composer | South Korea | 1948 | North Korea[12]
George Koval | Atomic spy | United States | 1948 | Soviet Union
James McMillin | United States Army cryptographer | United States | 1948 | Soviet Union
Pyo Mu-won | Republic of Korea Army | South Korea | 1948 | North Korea[11]
Albert Clavier | French Army | France | 1949 | Viet Minh
Robert Dagleish | Foreign Office | United Kingdom | 1949 | Soviet Union[13]
Gerhart Eisler | Journalist | United States | 1949 | East Germany
Noel Field | State Department | United States | 1949 | Czechoslovakia
Archibald Johnstone | Journalist | United Kingdom | 1949 | Soviet Union[13]
James Stuart | British Army | United Kingdom | 1949 | East Germany[14]
Miroslav Surý | French Foreign Legion | Czechoslovakia / France | 1949 | Viet Minh[15]
František Vaňhara | French Foreign Legion | Czechoslovakia / France | 1949 | Viet Minh[15]
David Young | Royal Navy | United Kingdom | 1949 | People's Republic of China[16]
Leopold Infeld | University of Toronto physicist | Canada | 1950 | Poland
Ian Milner | United Nations diplomat | Australia | 1950 | Czechoslovakia[17]
Ján Poláček | French Foreign Legion | Czechoslovakia / France | 1950 | Viet Minh[15]
Bruno Pontecorvo | Atomic physicist | Italy / United Kingdom | 1950 | Soviet Union (via Finland)
John Peet | Reuters correspondent | United Kingdom | 1950 | East Germany
Nâzım Hikmet Ran | Poet | Turkey | 1950 | Soviet Union
Ri Sung-gi | Seoul National University chemistry professor | South Korea | 1950 | North Korea
Arna Rides | British Council medical adviser | United Kingdom | 1950 | Czechoslovakia[18]
Josef Zvoník | French Foreign Legion | Czechoslovakia / France | 1950 | Viet Minh[15]
Guy Burgess | Foreign Office /MI5 | United Kingdom | 1951 | Soviet Union
Donald Maclean | Foreign Office | United Kingdom | 1951 | Soviet Union
Alfred Sarant | Military engineer / Atomic spy | United States | 1951 | Poland, then Soviet Union
Joel Barr | Military engineer / Atomic spy | United States | 1951 | Czechoslovakia, then Soviet Union
Margaret Schlauch | New York University English professor | United States | 1951 | Poland[19]
Weng Wenhao | Geologist and Kuomintang politician | Taiwan | 1951 | People's Republic of China[20]
Heiner Braun | Track athlete (5000 meters) | West Germany | 1952 | East Germany[21]
Stefan Heym | United States Army / Writer | United States | 1952 | Czechoslovakia, then East Germany
Günther Gereke | Christian Democratic Union politician | West Germany | 1952 | East Germany[22]
Victor Grossman | United States Army | United States | 1952 | East Germany[23]
Kug Yong-am | Republic of Korea Army | South Korea | 1952 | North Korea[24]
Charles Lucas | United States Army | United States | 1952 | East Germany[25][26]
Aubrey E. Miles | United States Army | United States | 1952 | East Germany[27]
Wolfgang Gans zu Putlitz | MI5 | United Kingdom | 1952 | East Germany[28]
Miloud Salhi | French Army | France | 1952 | Viet Minh[29]
Clarence Adams | United States Army | United States | 1953 | People's Republic of China[30]
Howard Gayle Adams | United States Army | United States | 1953 | People's Republic of China[30]
Albert Constant Belhomme | United States Army | United States | 1953 | People's Republic of China[30]
Otto Grayson Bell | United States Army | United States | 1953 | People's Republic of China[30]
Arthur Boyd | United States Army | United States | 1953 | East Germany[31]
Andrew Condron | Royal Marines | United Kingdom | 1953 | People's Republic of China[32]
Richard G. Corden | United States Army | United States | 1953 | People's Republic of China[30]
William Cowart | United States Army | United States | 1953 | People's Republic of China[30]
W. Glancy | British Army | United Kingdom | 1953 | East Germany[33]
Rufus Douglas | United States Army | United States | 1953 | People's Republic of China[30]
John Roedel Dunn | United States Army | United States | 1953 | People's Republic of China[30]
Andrew Fortuna | United States Army | United States | 1953 | People's Republic of China[30]
Hans Joachim Geyer | Gehlen Organization | West Germany | 1953 | East Germany[34]
Lewis Griggs | United States Army | United States | 1953 | People's Republic of China[30]
Samuel David Hawkins | United States Army | United States | 1953 | People's Republic of China
Wolfgang Höher | Gehlen Organization | West Germany | 1953 | East Germany[35]
R. Irvine | British Army | United Kingdom | 1953 | East Germany[33]
Kim Sung-bai | Republic of Korea Air Force | South Korea | 1953 | North Korea[36]
S. Lewes | British Army | United Kingdom | 1953 | East Germany[33]
Norman M. Lowell | United States Army | United States | 1953 | East Germany[37]
R. W. Luwman | Royal Netherlands Army | Netherlands | 1953 | East Germany[38]
Clifford F. Murphy | United States Army | United States | 1953 | East Germany[39]
Arlie Pate | United States Army | United States | 1953 | People's Republic of China[30]
Scott Rush | United States Army | United States | 1953 | People's Republic of China[30]
Lowell Skinner | United States Army | United States | 1953 | People's Republic of China[30]
Larance Sullivan | United States Army | United States | 1953 | People's Republic of China[30]
Richard Tenneson | United States Army | United States | 1953 | People's Republic of China[30]
James Veneris | United States Army | United States | 1953 | People's Republic of China[30]
Harold Webb | United States Army | United States | 1953 | People's Republic of China[30]
R. Wanroy | Royal Netherlands Army | Netherlands | 1953 | East Germany[38]
William White | United States Army | United States | 1953 | People's Republic of China[30]
Morris Wills | United States Army | United States | 1953 | People's Republic of China[30]
Aaron Wilson | United States Army | United States | 1953 | People's Republic of China[30]
Stanislaw Zdanowski | United States Army | United States | 1953 | Poland[40]
William Donal Adkins | United States Army | United States | 1954 | Soviet Union[41]
Choi Man-chong | Republic of Korea Air Force | South Korea | 1954 | North Korea[42]
Joseph Cort | Doctor of Medicine and University of Birmingham physiology lecturer | United States | 1954 | Czechoslovakia[43]
James Davis | United States Army | United States | 1954 | Czechoslovakia[44]
Bruno Folta | Radio announcer | West Germany | 1954 | Czechoslovakia[45]
Raymond H. Hutto | United States Army | United States | 1954 | East Germany[46]
Otto John | Bundesamt für Verfassungsschutz | West Germany | 1954 | East Germany
Karl Franz Schmidt-Wittmack | Bundestag deputy and Christian Democratic Union politician | West Germany | 1954 | East Germany[47]
Richard Squires | British Army | United Kingdom | 1954 | Soviet Union[48]
William Turner | United States Army | United States | 1954 | Soviet Union[49]
Ralph Bernard Frederick Cross | Canadian Army | Canada | 1955 | East Germany[50]
James W. Pulley | United States Army | United States | 1955 | East Germany[46]
Manfred von Brauchitsch | Racing driver | West Germany | 1955 | East Germany
Ho Wei-Chin | Republic of China Air Force | Taiwan | 1955 | People's Republic of China[51]
B. F. Holland | United States Army | United States | 1955 | East Germany[52]
Horst Spanier | United States Army | United States | 1955 | East Germany[53]
Wei Li-Huang | Republic of China Army | Taiwan | 1955 | People's Republic of China[54]
Hung Chin-Shan | Republic of China Police | Taiwan | 1955 | People's Republic of China[55]
Henri Maillot | French Army | France | 1956 | Algerian National Liberation Front
Wolf-Dieter Loebl | Bundeswehr | West Germany | 1956 | East Germany[56]
Orest Stephen Makar | Photogrammetrist and St. Louis University engineering associate professor | United States | 1956 | Soviet Union[57]
Anthony Wraight | Royal Air Force | United Kingdom | 1956 | Soviet Union[58]
Augustin Cabrera Oroza | Spanish Navy | Spain | 1957 | Mexico[59]
Manuel Fernandez Rodriguez | Spanish Navy | Spain | 1957 | Mexico[59]
Ginas Jiminez Nortes | Spanish Navy | Spain | 1957 | Mexico[59]
Enrique Medina Fernandez | Spanish Navy | Spain | 1957 | Mexico[59]
Jürgen Mickeleit | Bundeswehr | West Germany | 1957 | East Germany[60]
Victor Rodriguez | Spanish Navy | Spain | 1957 | Mexico[59]
Alfred Kaufman Stern | Philanthropist | United States | 1957 | Czechoslovakia
Martha Dodd Stern | Philanthropist | United States | 1957 | Czechoslovakia
Ernie Fletcher | United States Army | United States | 1959 | East Germany[61]
Klaus Fuchs | Atomic spy | United Kingdom | 1959 | Exchanged to East Germany
Ho Ye-Chen | Republic of China Army | Taiwan | 1959 | People's Republic of China[62]
Arnold Kephart | United States Army | United States | 1959 | East Germany[63]
Billy Mullis | United States Army | United States | 1959 | East Germany[64]
Lee Harvey Oswald | United States Marine Corps | United States | 1959 | Soviet Union via Finland, rejected from Cuba
Libero Ricciardelli | United States Air Force | United States | 1959 | Soviet Union[65]
Franz Julius Schröder | Christian Democratic Union aide | West Germany | 1959 | East Germany[66]
Arthur Wegner | University of Münster law professor | West Germany | 1959 | East Germany[67]
John B. Witt | United States Army | United States | 1959 | Czechoslovakia[68]
Franz Böttger | Bundeswehr | West Germany | 1960 | East Germany[69]
Guy Bouchard | Canadian Army | Canada | 1960 | East Germany[70]
Horst Braun | Bundesluftwaffe | West Germany | 1960 | East Germany[69]
Bruce Davis | United States Army | United States | 1960 | Soviet Union[49]
Joseph Dutkanicz | United States Army Military Intelligence | United States | 1960 | Soviet Union
Richard Gromek | Bundeswehr | West Germany | 1960 | East Germany[71]
Gilbert Paul Jenkerson | British Army | United Kingdom | 1960 | East Germany[72]
Bernon F. Mitchell | National Security Agency | United States | 1960 | Soviet Union[73]
William H. Martin | National Security Agency | United States | 1960 | Soviet Union[73]
Peter Petrich | Bundeswehr | West Germany | 1960 | East Germany[71]
Serafin Sanchez | United States Air Force | United States | 1960 | Cuba[74]
Paul Schlüter | Social Democratic Party of Germany politician | West Germany | 1960 | East Germany[75]
Vladimir Sloboda | United States Army Military Intelligence | United States | 1960 | Soviet Union[76]
John Strobl | Canadian Army | Canada | 1960 | East Germany[77]
Horst Tuschla | Bundeswehr | West Germany | 1960 | East Germany[69]
Otto Weissenberger | Cartographer | West Germany | 1960 | East Germany[78]
Walter Barth | Bundeswehr | West Germany | 1961 | East Germany[79]
Walter Hagemann | Christian Democratic Union politician and University of Münster journalism professor | West Germany | 1961 | East Germany[80]
K. H. Falk | Bundesamt für Verfassungsschutz | West Germany | 1961 | East Germany[81]
Fernando Ganhao | Portuguese Army | Portugal | 1961 | Mozambican Liberation Front[82]
Ollie Harrington | Cartoonist | United States | 1961 | East Germany
Junge family | University of Washington scientists | United States | 1961 | Czechoslovakia[83]
Winfried Krychowski | Bundeswehr | West Germany | 1961 | East Germany[79]
Mohamed Lamari | French Army | France | 1961 | Algerian National Liberation Front
Wolfgang Objeglo | Bundeswehr | West Germany | 1961 | East Germany[79]
Mário Moutinho de Pádua | Portuguese Army | Portugal | 1961 | Congo-Léopoldville[84]
Larry Allen Abshier | United States Army | United States | 1962 | North Korea
Wilfried Alsguth | Bundeswehr | West Germany | 1962 | East Germany[85]
Herbert Böhmer | Bundeswehr | West Germany | 1962 | East Germany[85]
Heinz-Dieter Brehning | Bundeswehr | West Germany | 1962 | East Germany[85]
James Joseph Dresnok | United States Army | United States | 1962 | North Korea
Günther Fischer | Bundeswehr | West Germany | 1962 | East Germany[85]
Heinrich Frank | Bundeswehr | West Germany | 1962 | East Germany[85]
R. S. Hareld | United States Army | United States | 1962 | Czechoslovakia[86]
Guntram Hoffmann | Bundeswehr | West Germany | 1962 | East Germany[85]
Rudolf Abel | Atomic spy | United States | 1962 | Exchanged to Soviet Union
Bobby Joe Keesee | United States Army | United States | 1962 | Cuba[87]
Henry Kiernan | United States Army | United States | 1962 | East Germany[88]
Albert Kostede | Bundeswehr | West Germany | 1962 | East Germany[85]
Richard Lang | Bundeswehr | West Germany | 1962 | East Germany[85]
David Michael | Engineer | United States | 1962 | Cuba[89]
Erwin Miran | Bundeswehr | West Germany | 1962 | East Germany[85]
Nguyen Van Cu | Republic of Vietnam Air Force | South Vietnam | 1962 | Cambodia[90]
Klaus Reichardt | Bundesluftwaffe | West Germany | 1962 | East Germany[85]
Willi Salzmann | Bundeswehr | West Germany | 1962 | East Germany[85]
Peter-Joseph Schödder | Bundeswehr | West Germany | 1962 | East Germany[85]
Manfred Schüssler | Bundeswehr | West Germany | 1962 | East Germany[85]
Horst Pilger | Bundeswehr | West Germany | 1962 | East Germany[85]
Peter Pitzen | Bundeswehr | West Germany | 1962 | East Germany[85]
Bodo Ratzinger | Bundeswehr | West Germany | 1962 | East Germany[85]
Dieter Schmutzler | Bundeswehr | West Germany | 1962 | East Germany[85]
Otto Schwarz | Bundeswehr | West Germany | 1962 | East Germany[85]
Ronald Stanley | British Army | United Kingdom | 1962 | East Germany[91]
Jürgen Steinigtweg | Bundesmarine Marineflieger | West Germany | 1962 | East Germany[85]
Robert Stuckhaus | Bundeswehr | West Germany | 1962 | East Germany[85]
Wolfgang Vogt | Bundesluftwaffe | West Germany | 1962 | East Germany[85]
Berthold Wizien | Bundeswehr | West Germany | 1962 | East Germany[85]
Thomas Badey | United States Army | United States | 1963 | East Germany[92]
Frank Barton | United States Army | United States | 1963 | East Germany[93]
Richard Bourret | Physicist | United States | 1963 | Cuba[94]
Benjamin Cain | United States Army | United States | 1963 | East Germany[95]
Klaus Chepelier | Bundeswehr | West Germany | 1963 | East Germany[96]
Victor Norris Hamilton | National Security Agency | United States | 1963 | Soviet Union
Reymond Herzet | Belgian Army | Belgium | 1963 | East Germany[97]
Gary Martzke | United States Army | United States | 1963 | East Germany[98]
Roberto "Robert" Ramos Michelena | United States Air Force | United States | 1963 | Cuba[99]
James Carl Moore | United States Army | United States | 1963 | East Germany[100]
Heinrich James Newton | United States Army | United States | 1963 | East Germany[101]
Jerry Wayne Parrish | United States Army | United States | 1963 | North Korea
Brian Patchett | British Army | United Kingdom | 1963 | East Germany[102]
Christopher John Pengate | British Army | United Kingdom | 1963 | East Germany[103]
Kim Philby | Secret Intelligence Service | United Kingdom | 1963 | Soviet Union
Alfred Svenson | United States Army | United States | 1963 | East Germany[104]
Willard E. Valentini | United States Army | United States | 1963 | East Germany[105]
Jacinto Veloso | Portuguese Air Force | Portugal | 1963 | Mozambican Liberation Front[106]
Chan Chueh | Olympic Games official | Taiwan | 1964 | People's Republic of China[107]
Cheng Yi-Ming | Intelligence Bureau | Taiwan | 1964 | People's Republic of China[108]
Li Fung-ryong | Republic of Korea Army | South Korea | 1964 | North Korea[109]
Theo van Eijck | Marine-Luchtvaartdienst | Netherlands | 1964 | Libya[110]
Anatoly P. Kotloby | Rocket scientist | United States | 1964 | Soviet Union[111]
Ma Ching-Shan | Olympic sharpshooter | Taiwan | 1964 | People's Republic of China[112]
Claude Swain | United States Army | United States | 1964 | East Germany[113]
Zhao Zongli | Republic of China Navy | Taiwan | 1964 | People's Republic of China[114]
Bui Van Trach | Republic of Vietnam Air Force | South Vietnam | 1965 | Cambodia[115]
Chan Chen-Chin | Republic of China Army | Taiwan | 1965 | People's Republic of China[116]
Chen Li | Intelligence Bureau | Taiwan | 1965 | People's Republic of China[117]
Alfred Frenzel | Social Democratic Party of Germany politician | West Germany | 1965 | Exchanged to Czechoslovakia
Hua Tsu-Hsin | Diplomat | Taiwan | 1965 | People's Republic of China[118]
Charles Robert Jenkins | United States Army | United States | 1965 | North Korea
Glen Roy Rohrer | United States Army Military Intelligence | United States | 1965 | Czechoslovakia
Ana Maria Silva Pais | Daughter of PIDE Director Fernando Silva | Portugal | 1965 | Cuba[119]
Li Zongren | Former Kuomintang politician, vice president and acting president of China | United States | 1965 | People's Republic of China[120]
Nguyen Chi Canh | Huế police chief | South Vietnam | 1965 | North Vietnam[121]
Stephen Biggs | British Army | United Kingdom | 1965 | East Germany[122]
Harold M. Koch | Roman Catholic priest | United States | 1966 | Soviet Union[123]
John Discoe Smith | State Department | United States | 1966 | Soviet Union[124][125]
Nguyen Duch Hien | Republic of Vietnam Air Force | South Vietnam | 1966 | Cambodia[126]
Craig Anderson | United States Navy | United States | 1967 | Sweden[127]
Richard Bailey | United States Navy | United States | 1967 | Sweden[127] via Japan[128]
John Barilla | United States Navy | United States | 1967 | Sweden[127]
George Blake | Secret Intelligence Service | United Kingdom | 1967 | Soviet Union
Lorenzo Brown | United States military | United States | c. 1967 | Sweden
Costa Calfelis | Journalist | Greece | 1967 | Switzerland[129]
Des Carragher | United States military | United States | c. 1967 | Sweden
Jerry Condon | United States military | United States | c. 1967 | Sweden
Jerry Dass | Green Beret SFOD B, S-5 | United States | c. 1967 | Sweden[130][131]
Jimmy Dotson | United States military | United States | c. 1967 | Sweden
John Forler | United States military | United States | c. 1967 | Sweden
Kenneth C. Griggs | United States Army | United States | 1967 | Cuba[132]
Bob Janson | United States military | United States | c. 1967 | Sweden
Roy Ray Jones | United States Army | United States | 1967 | Sweden[133]
Walter Harshall | United States military | United States | c. 1967 | Sweden
Tom Hayes | United States military | United States | c. 1967 | Sweden, later managed Clergy & Layman Concerned
Roger Hinchliffe | United States military | United States | c. 1967 | Sweden
Dick Kilmer | United States military | United States | c. 1967 | Sweden
Steve Kinneman | United States Army | United States | 1967 | Sweden[134] via Thailand, and Laos[128]
Michael Lindner | United States Navy | United States | 1967 | Sweden[127]
William Males | United States Army | United States | c. 1967 | Sweden[128]
McKinley Nolan | United States Army | United States | 1967 | North Vietnam[135]
Henry Nordby | United States military | United States | c. 1967 | Sweden
Rich Pauley | United States military | United States | c. 1967 | Sweden
Richard Harwood Pearce | United States Army | United States | 1967 | Cuba[136]
Irving Rubin | United States Army | United States | c. 1967 | Sweden[128]
Arnold Schölzel | Bundeswehr | West Germany | 1967 | East Germany
David Smith | United States Army | United States | 1967 | Sweden[128]
Joe Stewart | United States military | United States | c. 1967 | Sweden
Tseng Chao-Ping | Republic of China Air Force | Taiwan | 1967 | People's Republic of China[137]
Herbert Washington | USAREUR | United States | c. 1967 | Sweden[128]
Ted Weisberg | United States military | United States | c. 1967 | Sweden
Terry Whitmore | United States military | United States | c. 1967 | Sweden
Robert Argento | United States Army | United States | 1968 | Sweden[138]
Edwin Arnett | United States Army | United States | 1968 | Sweden[139]
John Ashley | United States Army | United States | 1968 | Sweden[138]
Samuel Brown | United States Army | United States | 1968 | Sweden[140]
Gerald Burger | United States Army | United States | 1968 | Sweden[140]
Robert Burroughs | United States Army | United States | 1968 | Sweden[138]
Robert Carroll | United States Army | United States | 1968 | Sweden[140]
Kenneth Cooper | United States Army | United States | 1968 | Sweden[140]
Erwin Foster | United States Army | United States | 1968 | Sweden[138]
David Haire | United States Army | United States | 1968 | Sweden[141]
Rodney Huth | United States Marine Corps | United States | 1968 | Sweden[140]
Edward Johnson | United States Army | United States | 1968 | Sweden[141]
William Jones | United States Army | United States | 1968 | Sweden[138]
Bruce Mayor | Draft evader | United States | 1968 | Sweden, served in the Swedish Army and has run for a seat in Parliament[128]
Richard Lee McKinney | United States Marine Corps | United States | 1968 | Sweden[142]
Peter Moebius | Physicist | West Germany | 1968 | East Germany[143]
Justin Olson | United States Army | United States | 1968 | Sweden[138]
Herbert Patzelt | European Atomic Energy Community aide | West Germany | 1968 | East Germany[143]
William Percell | United States Army | United States | 1968 | Sweden[141]
Ehrenfried Petras | Microbiologist | West Germany | 1968 | East Germany[144]
Bruce Proctor | Former Defense Intelligence Agency analyst | United States | 1968 | Sweden[145]
Richard Lee Propp | United States Army | United States | 1968 | Sweden[138]
David Roman | United States Army | United States | 1968 | Sweden[140]
Raymond Sansiviero | United States Marine Corps | United States | 1968 | Sweden[146]
Parker Smith | United States Army | United States | 1968 | Sweden[138]
Vincent Strollo | United States Army | United States | 1968 | Sweden[140]
Richard Tannimura | United States Army | United States | 1968 | Sweden[140]
Gregory Vitarelle | United States Army | United States | 1968 | Sweden[140]
Mark Warrell | United States Army | United States | 1968 | Sweden[140]
Eugene Westbrooks | United States Army | United States | 1968 | Sweden[140]
J. W. Wright | United States Air Force | United States | 1968 | Soviet Union[147]
William Lee Brent | Black Panther Party activist | United States | 1969 | Cuba
Irvin Leon Butler | United States Navy | United States | 1969 | Sweden[148]
Lona Cohen | Atomic spies | United States | 1969 | Exchanged to the Soviet Union
Morris Cohen | Atomic spies | United States | 1969 | Exchanged to the Soviet Union
Jerry Bhagwan Dass | United States Army | United States | 1969 | Sweden[149]
Robert Edward Dostlik | United States Marine Corps | United States | 1969 | Cuba[150]
Heinz Felfe | Bundesnachrichtendienst | West Germany | 1969 | Exchanged to East Germany
Olaf Foertsch | Bundeswehr | West Germany | 1969 | East Germany[151]
Ludwig Gummert | Bundeswehr | West Germany | 1969 | East Germany[152]
Thomas Kavanaugh | United States Army | United States | 1969 | East Germany[153]
Hans-Joachim Kruse | Bundeswehr | West Germany | 1969 | East Germany[154]
Robert Kündiger | Bundesmarine | West Germany | 1969 | East Germany[155]
John Lowney | United States Marine Corps | United States | 1969 | North Vietnam[156]
Vassilios Tsironis | Doctor of Medicine | Greece | 1969 | Albania[157]
Jim Walch | United States Army | United States | 1969 | Sweden[128]
Zhou Zhende | Republic of China Army | Taiwan | 1969 | People's Republic of China[158]
Kimihuro Uomoto | Red Army Faction (Japan) | Japan | 1970 | North Korea
Kimiko Fukudome | Red Army Faction (Japan) | Japan | 1970 | North Korea
Kintaro Yoshida | Red Army Faction (Japan) | Japan | 1970 | North Korea
Moriaki Wakabayashi | Red Army Faction (Japan) | Japan | 1970 | North Korea
Shirō Akagi | Red Army Faction (Japan) | Japan | 1970 | North Korea
Takahiro Konishi | Red Army Faction (Japan) | Japan | 1970 | North Korea
Takamaro Tamiya | Red Army Faction (Japan) | Japan | 1970 | North Korea
Takeshi Okamoto | Red Army Faction (Japan) | Japan | 1970 | North Korea
Yasuhiro Shibata | Red Army Faction (Japan) | Japan | 1970 | North Korea
Alvin Glatkowski | United States Merchant Marine | United States | 1970 | Attempted defection to Cambodia
Clyde McKay | United States Merchant Marine | United States | 1970 | Attempted defection to Cambodia
Marc Carbonneau | Front de libération du Québec Liberation Cell | Canada | 1970 | Voluntarily defected to Cuba
Jacques Cossette-Trudel | Front de libération du Québec Liberation Cell | Canada | 1970 | Voluntarily defected to Cuba
Yves Langlois | Front de libération du Québec Liberation Cell | Canada | 1970 | Voluntarily defected to Cuba
Larry Humphrey | United States Army | United States | 1970 | Cambodia[159]
Mihalis Maniadakis | Royal Hellenic Air Force | Greece | 1970 | Soviet Union[160]
Chang Shuang-Chao | Ministry of Finance aide | Taiwan | 1971 | People's Republic of China[161]
Sun Chi-Chou | Diplomat | Taiwan | 1971 | People's Republic of China[162]
Michael Deberry | USAREUR | United States | 1971 | Sweden[128]
Tom Horne | Green Beret | United States | c. 1971 | Sweden[163]
Ernest Hunter | United States Air Force | United States | c. 1971 | Sweden[164]
Hans-Dieter Reinkensmeier | German Army Aviation Corps | West Germany | 1971 | East Germany[165]
Harold Hill | Rolls-Royce Limited engineer | United Kingdom | 1971 | Soviet Union[166]
Esteban Llana | United States Air Force | United States | 1971 | Panama[167]
Jaime Morais | Portuguese Army | Portugal | 1971 | Sweden[168]
Bernard Pryer | United States Army | United States | 1971 | Panama[167]
John R. Vequist | United States Army | United States | 1971 | Sweden[169]
Tobey Wagner | United States Army | United States | 1971 | Panama[167]
Kevin Cadwallader | British Army | United Kingdom | 1972 | Sweden[170]
Ngo Cong Duc | Journalist | South Vietnam | 1972 | Sweden[171]
Pham Van Dinh | Army of the Republic of Vietnam | South Vietnam | 1972 | North Vietnam[166]
Sung Wei-Pi | Former diplomat | Taiwan | 1973 | People's Republic of China[172]
Gerard Burns | British Army | United Kingdom | 1974 | Ireland[173]
Nguyen Thanh Trung | Republic of Vietnam Air Force | South Vietnam | 1975 | North Vietnam[174]
Jürgen Schneider | Bundeswehr | West Germany | 1976 | East Germany[175]
Bong Ju | Republic of Korea Army | South Korea | 1977 | North Korea[176]
William Joseph Black | United States Army | United States | 1977 | Czechoslovakia[177]
Yu Un-hak | Republic of Korea Army | South Korea | 1977 | North Korea[176]
Robert Thompson | United States Air Force | United States | 1978 | Exchanged to the Soviet Union
Erhard Mueller | Bundesmarine Aviation Wing | West Germany | 1978 | East Germany[178]
Li Jun-gwang | Republic of Korea Army military intelligence | South Korea | 1978 | North Korea[179]
Roy Chung | United States Army | United States | 1979 | East Germany, then to North Korea
Ursel Lorenzen | NATO aide | West Germany | 1979 | East Germany[180]
Christel Broszey | Christian Democratic Union aide | West Germany | 1979 | East Germany[181]
Inge Goliath | Christian Democratic Union aide | West Germany | 1979 | East Germany[181]
Helga Roediger | Federal Ministry of Finance (Germany) | West Germany | 1979 | East Germany[182]
Alexander Lambert | South African Bureau of State Security | Republic of South Africa | 1979 | Sweden[183]
Justin Lin | Republic of China Army | Taiwan | 1979 | People's Republic of China
Friedrich Tomberg | Pädagogische Hochschule philosophy professor | West Germany | 1979 | East Germany[184]
Kim Ryong-jin | Republic of Korea Army | South Korea | 1979 | North Korea[185]
Imelda Verrept | NATO aide | Belgium | 1980 | East Germany[186]
Günter Guillaume | Aide to West German Chancellor | West Germany | 1981 | Exchanged to East Germany
Frank Terpil | Central Intelligence Agency | United States | 1981 | Libya, then to Cuba[187]
Huang Zhicheng | Republic of China Air Force | Taiwan | 1981 | People's Republic of China[188]
Ma Bi | Kuomintang adviser | Taiwan | 1981 | People's Republic of China[189]
Robert Vesco | Financier | United States | 1982 | Cuba
Joseph T. White | United States Army | United States | 1982 | North Korea
Gerhard G. | Bundesamt für Verfassungsschutz | West Germany | 1982 | East Germany[190]
Gerald Andreas Eckert | South African Army | Republic of South Africa | 1983 | Mozambique[191]
Li Dawei | Republic of China Air Force | Taiwan | 1983 | People's Republic of China[192]
Mun Sang-chol | Republic of Korea Army | South Korea | 1983 | North Korea[193]
Assata Shakur | Black Panther Party activist | United States | 1984 | Cuba
Xie Yuchen | Film director | Taiwan | 1984 | People's Republic of China[194]
Zhang Jinfeng | Film producer | Taiwan | 1984 | People's Republic of China[194]
Hans Tiedge | Bundesamt für Verfassungsschutz | West Germany | 1985 | East Germany
Jeffrey Carney | United States Air Force | United States | 1985 | East Germany
Ra Il-ryong | Republic of Korea Army | South Korea | 1985 | North Korea[195]
Edward Lee Howard | Central Intelligence Agency | United States | 1985 | Soviet Union
Sonja Luenberg | Aide to Minister of the Economy Martin Bangemann | West Germany | 1985 | East Germany[196]
Herta-Astrid Willner | Aide to West German Chancellor | West Germany | 1985 | East Germany[197]
Herbert Willner | Defense analyst | West Germany | 1985 | East Germany[197]
Rudolf Alken | University of Mainz researcher | West Germany | 1985 | East Germany[198]
Karl Koecher | Central Intelligence Agency | United States | 1986 | Exchanged to Czechoslovakia
Hugo Almeida | United States Army | United States | 1986 | Cuba
Glenn Michael Souther | United States Navy | United States | 1986 | Soviet Union
Arnold Lokshin | Biochemist | United States | 1986 | Soviet Union
Wang Xijue | Airline pilot | Taiwan | 1986 | People's Republic of China[199]
Wade E. Roberts | United States Army | United States | 1987 | Soviet Union[200][201]
Stig Bergling | Swedish Security Service officer | Sweden | 1987 | Soviet Union via Finland [202]
Theodore Branch | Radio announcer | United States | 1987 | Soviet Union[203]
Choe Deok-sin | Former South Korean diplomat and foreign minister | United States | 1987 | North Korea
Song Chang-gu | United States Army aide | South Korea | 1988 | North Korea[204]
Lin Xianshun | Republic of China Air Force | Taiwan | 1989 | People's Republic of China[205]
Michael Peri | United States Army | United States | 1989 | East Germany

## Defections after 1991[edit]

Defector  | Profession/Prominence  | Country of origin  | Year of Defection  | Country of defection

|
|
|
|

Edward Snowden | National Security Agency | United States | 2013 | Russia
Travis King | United States Army | United States | 2023 | North Korea[206][207]

## See also[edit]

* List of Soviet and Eastern Bloc defectors
* List of Cold War pilot defections
* South Korean defectors

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*[c.]: circa