List of amphibians of Alabama

The U.S. state of Alabama has 73 known indigenous amphibian species.[1] These indigenous species include 30 frog and toad species and 43 salamander species.[2][3][4] Two of these native species may have become extirpated within the state. They are the Mississippi gopher frog and flatwoods salamander.[1][5]

Human predation, pollution, and habitat destruction has placed several amphibian species at risk of extirpation or extinction. The Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources lists the conservation status of each species within the state with a rank of lowest, low, moderate, high, and highest concern.[1]

## Frogs and toads

[edit]

Image  | Scientific name  | Common name  | Family  | Conservation
concern

|
|
|
|

| Anaxyrus americanus | American toad | Bufonidae | Lowest
| Anaxyrus fowleri | Fowler's toad | Bufonidae | Lowest
| Anaxyrus quercicus | oak toad | Bufonidae | Moderate
| Anaxyrus terrestris | southern toad | Bufonidae | Lowest
| Incilius nebulifer | Gulf Coast toad  | Bufonidae | Unranked
| Acris crepitans | northern cricket frog | Hylidae | Low
| Acris gryllus | southern cricket frog | Hylidae | Lowest
| Dryophytes andersonii | pine barrens treefrog | Hylidae | High
| Dryophytes avivocus | bird-voiced treefrog | Hylidae | Lowest
| Dryophytes chrysoscelis | Cope's gray treefrog | Hylidae | Lowest
| Dryophytes cinereus | American green treefrog | Hylidae | Lowest
| Dryophytes femoralis | pine woods treefrog | Hylidae | Lowest
| Dryophytes gratiosus | barking treefrog | Hylidae | Low
| Dryophytes squirellus | squirrel treefrog | Hylidae | Low
| Pseudacris brachyphona | mountain chorus frog | Hylidae | Lowest
| Pseudacris collinsorum | Collinses' mountain chorus frog  | Hylidae | Unranked
| Pseudacris crucifer | spring peeper | Hylidae | Lowest
| Pseudacris feriarum | upland chorus frog | Hylidae | Lowest
| Pseudacris nigrita | southern chorus frog | Hylidae | Lowest
| Pseudacris ocularis | little grass frog | Hylidae | High
| Pseudacris ornata | ornate chorus frog | Hylidae | Moderate
| Osteopilus septentrionalis | Cuban tree frog  | Hylidae | Exotic invasive throughout Florida, becoming more common in southern Alabama[6]
| Eleutherodactylus planirostris | greenhouse frog | Eleutherodactylidae | Exotic,
Native to Cuba and the Caribbean.
| Gastrophryne carolinensis | eastern narrowmouth toad | Microhylidae | Lowest
| Scaphiopus holbrookii | eastern spadefoot | Pelobatidae | Low
| Lithobates capito | gopher frog | Ranidae | Highest
| Lithonates catesbeiana | American bullfrog | Ranidae | Lowest
| Lithobates clamitans ssp. | bronze frog
green frog | Ranidae | Lowest
| Lithobates grylio | pig frog | Ranidae | Lowest
| Lithobates sevosa | Mississippi gopher frog | Ranidae | Possibly extirpated/
U.S. Fish and Wildlife lists as endangered
| Lithobates heckscheri | river frog | Ranidae | Highest
| Lithobates palustris | pickerel frog | Ranidae | Low
| Lithobates sphenocephala | southern leopard frog | Ranidae | Lowest
| Lithobates sylvatica | wood frog | Ranidae | Moderate

## Salamanders

[edit]

Image | Scientific name | Common name | Family | Conservation
concern

|
|
|
|

| Ambystoma bishopi | reticulated flatwoods salamander  | Ambystomatidae | Highest
| Ambystoma cingulatum | flatwoods salamander | Ambystomatidae | Possibly extirpated/
U.S. Fish and Wildlife lists as threatened
| Ambystoma maculatum | spotted salamander | Ambystomatidae | Low
| Ambystoma opacum | marbled salamander | Ambystomatidae | Low
| Ambystoma talpoideum | mole salamander | Ambystomatidae | Low
| Ambystoma texanum | smallmouth salamander | Ambystomatidae | Moderate
| Ambystoma tigrinum | eastern tiger salamander | Ambystomatidae | Moderate
| Amphiuma means | two-toed amphiuma | Amphiumidae | Low
| Amphiuma pholeter | one-toed amphiuma | Amphiumidae | High
| Amphiuma tridactylum | three-toed amphiuma | Amphiumidae | Low
| Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis | hellbender | Cryptobranchidae | Highest
| Aneides aeneus | green salamander | Plethodontidae | High
| Desmognathus aeneus | seepage salamander | Plethodontidae | High
| Desmognathus apalachicolae | Apalachicola dusky salamander | Plethodontidae | Lowest
| Desmognathus auriculatus | southern dusky salamander | Plethodontidae | Highest
| Desmognathus cheaha | Talladega seal salamander  | Plethodontidae | Unranked
| Desmognathus conanti | spotted dusky salamander | Plethodontidae | Low
| Desmognathus monticola | seal salamander | Plethodontidae | Low
| Desmognathus ocoee | Ocoee salamander | Plethodontidae | Moderate
| Eurycea aquatica | brownback salamander  | Plethodontidae | Moderate
| Eurycea chamberlaini | Chamberlain's dwarf salamander  | Plethodontidae | Moderate
| Eurycea cirrigera | southern two-lined salamander | Plethodontidae | Lowest
| Eurycea guttolineata | three-lined salamander | Plethodontidae | Lowest
| Eurycea hillisi | Hillis's dwarf salamander  | Plethodontidae | Unranked
| Eurycea longicauda | long-tailed salamander | Plethodontidae | Lowest
| Eurycea lucifuga | cave salamander
spotted-tail salamander | Plethodontidae | Lowest
| Eurycea quadridigitata | dwarf salamander | Plethodontidae | Moderate
| Eurycea sphagnicola | bog dwarf salamander  | Plethodontidae | Unranked
| Gyrinophilus palleucus | Tennessee cave salamander | Plethodontidae | High
| Gyrinophilus porphyriticus ssp. | spring salamander | Plethodontidae | Low
| Hemidactylium scutatum | four-toed salamander | Plethodontidae | Low
| Phaeognathus hubrichti | Red Hills salamander | Plethodontidae | High/
U.S. Fish and Wildlife lists as threatened

Official state amphibian
| Plethodon glutinosus | northern slimy salamander | Plethodontidae | Lowest
| Plethodon dorsalis | northern zigzag salamander  | Plethodontidae | Unranked
| Plethodon grobmani | southeastern slimy salamander | Plethodontidae | Lowest
| Plethodon mississippi | Mississippi slimy salamander | Plethodontidae | Lowest
| Plethodon serratus | southern redback salamander | Plethodontidae | Moderate
| Plethodon ventralis | southern zigzag salamander | Plethodontidae | Lowest
| Plethodon websteri | Webster's salamander | Plethodontidae | Lowest
| Pseudotriton montanus flavissimus | Gulf Coast mud salamander | Plethodontidae | Low
| Pseudotriton ruber ruber | northern red salamander | Plethodontidae | Low
| Pseudotriton ruber vioscai | southern red salamander | Plethodontidae | Moderate
| Necturus alabamensis | Alabama waterdog
Black Warrior waterdog | Proteidae | High
| Necturus beyeri | Gulf Coast waterdog
speckled waterdog
Beyer's waterdog | Proteidae | Low
| Necturus maculosus | common mudpuppy | Proteidae | Low
| Necturus mounti | Escambia waterdog  | Proteidae | Unranked
| Necturus moleri | Apalachicola waterdog  | Proteidae | Unranked
| Necturus species | Loding's waterdog | Proteidae | Low/
Taxonomy undescribed

Known from lesser Gulf of Mexico drainages from Mobile Bay eastward.
| Notophthalmus viridescens ssp. | eastern newt | Salamandridae | Lowest
| Siren intermedia | lesser siren | Sirenidae | Lowest
| Siren lacertina | greater siren | Sirenidae | Moderate
| Siren nettingi | western lesser siren  | Sirenidae | Unranked
| Siren reticulata | reticulated siren/leopard eel | Sirenidae | Undetermined
Species identified in 2018

Known from two locations in the southern pin plains and hills of the state.

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b c Mirarchi, Ralph E. (2004). Alabama Wildlife: Volume One. Tuscaloosa, Alabama: University of Alabama Press. pp. 105–118\. ISBN 978-0-81735-1304.105-118&rft.pub=University+of+Alabama+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-81735-1304&rft.aulast=Mirarchi&rft.aufirst=Ralph+E.&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:List+of+amphibians+of+Alabama" class="Z3988">
2. ^ Alden, Peter (1999). National Audubon Society Field Guide to the Southeastern States. New York, New York: Alfred A. Knopf. pp. 256–262\. ISBN -0-679-44683-4.256-262&rft.pub=Alfred+A.+Knopf&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=-0-679-44683-4&rft.aulast=Alden&rft.aufirst=Peter&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:List+of+amphibians+of+Alabama" class="Z3988">
3. ^ "Frogs". Outdoor Alabama. Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Archived from the original on September 14, 2012. Retrieved October 16, 2012.
4. ^ "Salamanders". Outdoor Alabama. Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Archived from the original on September 28, 2012. Retrieved October 16, 2012.
5. ^ "Amphibians in Alabama". Outdoor Alabama. Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Archived from the original on October 17, 2012. Retrieved October 16, 2012.
6. ^ Anderson, Wesley. "Alabama Invader: The Cuban Treefrog". Alabama Extension. Alabama Cooperative Extension System. Retrieved 25 September 2024.

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List of amphibians of the United States by political division

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