List of apple cultivars

1909 illustrations by Alois Lunzer depicting apple cultivars Golden Sweet, Talmon Sweet, Bailey Sweet and Sweet Bough

Over 7,500 cultivars of the culinary or eating apple (Malus domestica) are known.[1] Some are extremely important economically as commercial products, though the vast majority are not suitable for mass production. In the following list, use for "eating" means that the fruit is consumed raw, rather than cooked. Cultivars used primarily for making cider are indicated. Those varieties marked agm have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[2][3]

This list does not include the species and varieties of apples collectively known as crab apples, which are grown primarily for ornamental purposes, though they may be used to make jelly or compote. These are described under Malus.

## Table of apples

[edit]

### Abbreviations

[edit]

Abbreviations  | Full form  | Abbreviations  | Full form

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AC  | Apple canker | AM  | Award of Merit
AS  | Apple scab | AGM  | RHS Award of Garden Merit
C, VitC  | Vitamin C mg/100g  | BB  | Biennial bearing
FCC  | First Class Certificat  | DBH  | Days from full bloom to harvest
PW  | Powdery mildew  | P  | Parentage
RHS  | Royal Horticultural Society  | r  | Resistant
PickG[4] Pickg[5] | Harvest time in Germany  | Pick45  | Harvest time at places with a mean annual temperature of 45 °F (7 °C)
PickE[6] Picke[7] | Harvest time in south England  | Pick50  | Harvest time at places with a mean annual temperature of 50 °F (10 °C)
s  | Susceptible  | Pick55  | Harvest time at places with a mean annual temperature of 55 °F (13 °C)
TA  | Titratable acidity %  | SS  | Soluble solids %
TRI  | Triploid  |  |
Languages
cs.  | Czech (Čeština)  | da.  | Danish (Dansk)
de.  | German (Deutsch)  | fr.  | French (Français)
hu.  | Hungarian (Magyar)  | nl.  | Dutch (Nederland)
no.  | Norwegian (Norsk)  | pl.  | Polish (Polski)
ru.  | Russian (Русский; Russky)  | sv.  | Swedish (Svenska)

### A

[edit]

Common name  | Image  | Origin  | First developed  | Comment  | Use  | Pick/Use period

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Abbomdanza[8][6] |  | Italy  | 1896  | Width 70–75 mm, height 65 mm. Cold Storage 3oC 150 days.  | Cooking  | PickE mid-October. Use January–March
Abram[9][10] |  | US  | <1850  | A small apple with red flush. Flesh white, tender, subacid.  | Eating  | Use December–March
Acheson[11] |  | Alberta, Canada  | Introduced 1941  | Fruit large, greenish yellow. Parentage Delicious x unknown.  | Eating  | Use August–September
Acklam Russet[12][13] |  | Yorkshire, England  | 1768  | A small russet apple. Cells ovate, axile. An excellent dessert apple of first rate quality.  | Eating  | PickE mid-October. Use November–March.
Adams Pearmain[14][7][9][15][13] |  | Norfolk or Herefordshire, England  | Introduced 1826  | A dessert apple. First introduced under the name "Norfolk Pippin". Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Cells obovate, abaxile. Flesh pale yellow, crisp, fine-textured, firm, juicy, subacid, aromatic, very good.  | Eating  | PickE early- to mid-October.
Adersleber Calville (cs. Kalvil aderslebenský)[16][4][17][8] |  | Saxony, Germany  | 1830–1840  | A green apple with red flush. Width 72 mm (2.8 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Parentage Calville blanc d'Hiver x Alexander. Flesh; aromatic, subacid to sweet. VitC 10. Cold Storage 0oC 150 days.  | Eating  | PickE mid-September. PickG mid–late October. Use November–January.
Adina (a.k.a. Frankad, Satark)[18] |  | Queensland, Australia  | 1950s, introduced in 1988  | A large red apple. Flesh firm, juicy, sweet, very good. Tree vigorous. Parentage Golden Delicious x William's Favourite  | Eating  |
Admiral  |  | Czech Republic  | 2012  | New very popular variety. Flesh firm, crisp, juicy with very good taste. Robust, healthy, scab resistant variety with excellent keeping qualities and taste.  | Eating  | PickE early October
Advance (a.k.a. Laxton Advance)[7] |  | Bedford, England  | Raised 1908, introduced 1929  | Early dessert apple. Medium size. Yellow with brown-red flush. Award of Merit from RHS in 1932. Flesh; greenish white, soft, fine-textured, juicy, aromatic.  | Eating  | PickE early- to mid-August; use August–September
Adzamovka[19] |  | Croatia  |  | A yellow conical apple with red stripes. Width 60–70 mm (2.4–2.8 in), height 50–60 mm (2.0–2.4 in), weight 110–150 g (3.9–5.3 oz). Flesh juicy, subacid.  | Eating, cider  | Use November
Ahrina[20] |  | Germany  | 1993  | A large roundish apple. Flesh juicy, subacid.  | Eating  | Pick late September; use November–February
Ahrista[21] |  | Ahrensburg, Germany  |  |  | Eating
Aia Ilu |  | Estonia  | 1946  | A large apple, weighing 250–300 g (8.8–10.6 oz). Yellow skin, juicy flesh, bittersweet with a weak aroma.  | Eating  |
Airlie Red Flesh (a.k.a. Newell-Kimzey)[22] |  | Airlie, Oregon, US  | c. 1961 | A large, conic apple. Light yellow-green skin strewn with white dots, occasionally with a faint reddish orange blush. Light pink to deep red flesh is crisp, sweet and mildly tart.  | Eating  |
Akane (a.k.a. Tohoko)[23][4] |  | Fujisaki, Aomori, Japan  | Cross made 1939, selected 1953, introduced 1970.  | A red apple. Parentage Jonathan × Worcester Pearmain. Tangy taste. Flesh is white, firm, crisp, juicy, subacid.  | Eating  | Pick45 August 21. PickE mid- to late-August. PickG mid-August.
Åkerö[24][25] |  | Sweden  | Possibly 1759  | Apple is egg-shaped, medium to large in size, sweet and aromatic. Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in). Stalk 20–25 mm (0.79–0.98 in). Grown mostly in Sweden and Estonia.  | Eating  | Best in November; keeps until February
Akin[26][27] |  | Illinois, US  | 1831  | Tree vigorous. Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 52 mm (2.0 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Flesh is yellow, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, aromatic, good to very good.  | Eating  | Use January–June
Alamanka[19] |  | North Macedonia  |  | A green apple (round to conical) with red stripes. Weight 100 g (3.5 oz). Flesh is juicy, subacid with poor aroma.  | Eating  | Pick October; use November
Alantapfel (a.k.a. Princesse Noble)[24][15][28] |  | Germany  | <1750  | An oblong apple. Width 56–63 mm (2.2–2.5 in), height 59–73 mm (2.3–2.9 in). Stalk 13–16 mm (0.51–0.63 in). Flesh is sugary, aromatic.  | Eating  | Pick October; use December–March
Alaska[11] |  | California, US  | Introduced 1944  | Flesh is white. Tree is a heavy producer.  | Eating  |
Albrechtapfel (a.k.a. Prinz Albrecht von Preussen)[20][4][8] |  | Germany  | 1865  | Parentage Alexander x unknown. Width 60–85 mm (2.4–3.3 in), height 55–63 mm (2.2–2.5 in), weight 80–200 g (2.8–7.1 oz). Stalk 10–30 mm (0.39–1.18 in). Flesh is soft, juicy, subacid. Cold Storage 4oC 90 days. VitC 9. Density 0.76  | Eating, cooking  | PickG late September–mid-October. Use October–December
Albury Park Nonsuch[14] |  | Surrey, England  | <1892  | Yellow with red flush. AM from RHS in 1892. Flesh crisp, juicy, subacid.  | Cooking  | Use December–March
Aldenham Purple[29] |  | Hertfordshire, England  | 1925  | A red apple. Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 48 mm (1.9 in). Stalk 15–25 mm (0.59–0.98 in)  | Eating, cooking  | Pick September; use September–October
Alderman[7][30] |  | Scotland  | Before 1923  | A golden yellow apple. Width 90 mm (3.5 in), height 71 mm (2.8 in). Stalk short to medium. Flesh is white, very firm, coarse-textured, crisp, moderately juicy, acid.  | Baking  | Pick mid-September; use October–December
Alexander (a.k.a. Emperor Alexander, de. Kaiser Alexander, fr. Grand-Alexandre, pl. Aporta, ru. Aporta, Gusevkoe, Aport ukraininskii, Aport osennii)[7][24][31][26][27][32][33][34][13][17] |  | Russia  | <1800  | A very large apple. Width 95–110 mm (3.7–4.3 in), height 75–90 mm (3.0–3.5 in). Stalk 11–18 mm (0.43–0.71 in). Cells ovate, axile. Flesh is a faint yellow, firm, crisp, very soft, mild subacid, fair to good. Tree is vigorous. Particularly attractive blossom.  | Eating, cooking, baking, drying  | PickE mid-September; use September–December
Alfriston[14][7][30][35][13][28] |  | Sussex, England  | Late 1700s  | Raised at Uckfield Sussex by Mr Shepherd.[who?] A large acid green apple. Flesh; pale yellow, crisp, yellow, subacid, pear-like flavour. Cells elliptical, abaxile. Award of Merit from RHS in 1920. Width 83 mm (3.3 in), height 76 mm (3.0 in).  | Cooking, Juice  | PickE early October; use November–April
Alice[25] |  | Sweden  | 1964  | Medium size. Yellow with red stripes. Flesh juicy, aromatic. Parentage Ingrid Marie x Gyllenkroks Astrakan.  | Eating  | PickE late August–early September; use September–October
Alkmene[4] agm[36][8] |  | Germany  | 1930  | Parentage Cox's Orange Pippin × Doktor Oldenburg. Width 58 mm (2.3 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in), weight 120 g (4.2 oz). Flesh is crisp, aromatic, juicy, subacid to sweet. Stalk 9–20 mm (0.35–0.79 in). Cold Stoprage 4oC 90 days. Density 0.82  | Eating  | PickE late September. PickG early–mid-September. Pickg September 4–15. Use September–November
Allen's Everlasting[7][30][13][28] |  |  | Before 1864  | Late-keeping desert apple. First Class Certificate from RHS in 1899. Cells obovate, axile. Flesh is greenish-white, firm, fine-textured, juicy, fair.  | Eating  | PickE mid-October; use February–April
Allington Pippin(fr. Allington Pippin)[7][24][31][30][16][35][17][8] |  | Lincolnshire, United Kingdom  | 1880s, introduced 1896  | A versatile English dessert apple raised by horticulturalist Thomas Laxton some time before 1884. Exhibited as Brown's South Lincoln Beauty, the name was changed to Allington Pippin by Bunyard Nursery in 1896. A cross of Cox's Orange Pippin and King of the Pippins. Flesh is creamy white, fine textured, aromatic, with a pineapple-like flavour. The apple keeps its shape when cooked. Width 68–74 mm (2.7–2.9 in), height 61–70 mm (2.4–2.8 in), stalk 7–15 mm (0.28–0.59 in). First Class Certificate from RHS in 1894. Cold storage 2oC 120 days.  | Eating, cooking, dessert  | PickE late September–early October; use October–February
All Summer[9] |  | Pennsylvania, US  | Before 1850  | Flesh is white, tender, very good. Tree uas slow growth is an annual bearer, and is productive. Stalk slender.  | Eating  | Use July–August
Almeda[11] |  | Tennessee, US  | Introduced 1939  | Fruit large, green. Flesh subacid.  | Cooking  | Ripens 25 July–5 August
Altländer Pfannkuchenapfel[4][8] |  | Germany  | 1840  | Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 51 mm (2.0 in), weight 115 g (4.1 oz). Stalk 10–20 mm (0.39–0.79 in). Flesh is crisp, dry, acid. Cold storage 1-2oC 180 days. VitC 14. Density 0.86  | Cooking, eating  | PickE mid- to late October. Pick G late October. Use March–May
Alvanija (a.k.a. Elvanija, Ilvanija)[19] |  | Croatia  |  | A green oblong apple with red flush. Width 60–75 mm (2.4–3.0 in), height 65–80 mm (2.6–3.1 in), weight 110–140 g (3.9–4.9 oz). Flesh is firm, juicy.  | Eating, cooking, cider  | Use October
Ambrosia |  | British Columbia, Canada  | 1980s  | Medium to large in size, mostly red coloration with yellow patches. Has cream-coloured flesh with a sweet, crisp, aromatic flavour and low acidity. Ambrosia trees are hardy and no major disadvantages have yet been identified.  | Eating  | Pick45 September 15. Pick55 September 5.
American Beauty[9] |  | Massachusetts, US  | Before 1855  | Tree vigorous, productive, annual bearer. Stalk short. Flesh is yellowish, tender, juicy, subacid, aromatic, very good.  | Eating  | PickE mid- to late October. Use December–April
American Golden Pippin (a.k.a. Golden Pippin, Ribbed Pippin, Golding, New York Greening, Newtown Greening, Golden Apple)[9] |  | US  | Before 1850  | Yellow with russet. Flesh is yellowish, juicy, aromatic, subacid, very good. Width 79 mm (3.1 in), height 65 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Tree does not bear young.  | Eating  | Use November–February
American Golden Russet (a.k.a. Golden Russet, Sheep Nose, Bullock's Pippin, Little Pearmain)[12][27] |  | US  | Late 1700s  | Yellow with brown overcolour and grey russet. Width 64–74 mm (2.5–2.9 in), height 58–72 mm (2.3–2.8 in). Stalk 13–23 mm (0.51–0.91 in). Flesh is yellowish, tender, juicy sugary, lightly aromatic, best.  | Eating  | PickE early to mid-October. Use October–January
American Melon (see Melon American)  |  |  |  |  |  |
American Mother (see Mother)  |  |  |  |  |  |
American Summer Pearmain (see Summer Pearmain American)  |  |  |  |  |  |
Anabela[18] |  | Brazil  | Introduced 1995  | Parentage Gala x Anna. A yellow apple with (30–40%) red flush. Flesh is juicy, sweet, very good. Tree vigorous.  | Eating  |
Ananas Reinette(cs. Ananasová reneta, de. Ananas Renette, fr. Reinette ananas, pl. Reneta Ananasowa, ru. Ananasnîi renet)[4][24][37][15][16][35][17] |  | Netherlands  | Before 1800  | A small yellow apple with pineapple flavor. Width 48–65 mm (1.9–2.6 in), height 52–65 mm (2.0–2.6 in). Weight 115 g (4.1 oz). Stalk 11–20 mm (0.43–0.79 in). Flesh is crisp, juicy, aromatic, acid. VitC 21.  | Eating, juice  | PickE early October. PickG mid- to late October. Use December–February
Anisovka (a.k.a. Anis koritschnevoje, Anis polosatyiy)[38] |  | Russia  | Before 1850  | Medium size, round, greenish yellow with red stripes.  | Cooking, eating  | Pick September; use October–December
Anna[18] |  | Israel  | Introduced 1963  | Colour is yellow with a red blush. Parentage Red Hadassiya x Golden Delicious. This variety does not grow well in the cold and prefers heat and humidity. Tree is annually productive.  | Eating  |
Anna Boelens[39] |  | Netherlands  | 1914, introduced 1934  | A green apple with red overcolor(40-70%). Width 77 mm, height 58 mm. Stalk 15 mm. Flesh white, juicy, subacid. Parentage Cox Orange x Berlepsch.  | Eating  | Use October - November
Annie Elizabeth[40][14][7][31][35][13][28] |  | Leicester, Leicestershire, England  | 1857, introduced 1868  | Large yellow apple, FCC from RHS in 1868. Width 79–87 mm (3.1–3.4 in), height 63–65 mm (2.5–2.6 in). Stalk 9–18 mm (0.35–0.71 in). Cells, obovate, abaxile.Flesh; creamy white, firm, coarse-textured, dry acid. Cooks well, breaks up completely.  | Cooking  | PickE late September–early October; use November–April
Annurca |  | Campania, Italy  | 1876 (documented)  | Very old apple; possibly one of the oldest of all. Believed to be much older than first mention in Pasquale's Manuale di Arboricultura, 1876. May be related to apples found in frescoes found in Herculaneum or Pompeii if not the same one.[41] | Eating  | PickE late October. Use November–January.
Antonovka (a.k.a. Possarts Nalivia, cs. Antonowka, de. Antonowka, fr. Antonovca, pl. Antónówka zwykla, ru. Antonoka Obîknovennaia)[24][32][28][17] |  | Kursk, Russia  | Before 1800  | A very old Russian variety, often planted at dachas. Apples are large, yellow-green and bracingly tart to eat out of hand, but superb for cooking, as they keep their shape. Width 55–70 mm (2.2–2.8 in), height 55–70 mm (2.2–2.8 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). Extremely tolerant of cold weather, and because it produces a single, deep taproot (unusual among apple trees), Antonovka is propagated for use as a rootstock. Antonovka rootstock provides a cold-hardy (to −45 °C (−49 °F)), well-anchored, vigorous, standard-sized tree. C 15.  | Cooking, cider  | PickE early September. Use October–December
Antonovka Safrannoje[38] |  | Russia  | 1909  | A large yellow apple with red flush. Parentage Antonovka x Renet Orleanski  | Eating, cooking  |
Apfel aus Grignon[28] |  |  | Before 1800  | A yellow apple with red flush and russet. Width 82 mm (3.2 in), height 66 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 30 mm (1.2 in).  | Eating, cooking  | Use December–March
Api[12][33][34] |  | France  | 1628  | Very tiny apple. Would fit in the palm of the hand of an adult. Width 52–56 mm (2.0–2.2 in), height 32–42 mm (1.3–1.7 in). Stalk 5–9 mm (0.20–0.35 in).  | Eating  | PickE mid-October. Use January–May.
Api Noir[12] |  | France  | Late 1700s  | A desert apple, inferior to the Api.  | Eating  | PickE mid- to late October. Use December–April.
Apple of Commerce 1 (see Beach); Apple of Commerce 2 (see Collins)
Apollo[4] |  | Germany  | 1976  | Cox's Orange Pippin × Geheimrat Dr. Oldenburg. Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 59 mm (2.3 in), weight 140 g (4.9 oz). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in). Flesh is soft, juicy, aromatic, subacid to sweet.  | Eating  | PickG early–mid-September; use September–October
Arapka (a.k.a. Bugarka)[19] |  | Montenegro |  | A red oblong conical apple. Width 61 mm (2.4 in), height 66 mm (2.6 in). Weight 118 g (4.2 oz). Flesh soft, juicy, sweet, subacid, with a pronounced flavour.  | Cooking  | Use October–May
Ard Cairn Russet[7][6] |  | Cork, Ireland | c. 1890 | Medium-sized long-keeping dessert apple. Award of Merit from RHS in 1910. Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Stalk variable. Flesh; creamy white, firm, slightly aromatic flavour. Tree vigorous.  | Eating  | PickE late September–early October; use October–January
Ariane[42] |  | Angers, France | 2002  | Scab resistant. Developed at the National Institute of Agricultural Research in France. Parentage (Florina x Prima) x (Golden Delicious x unknown)  | Eating  | Pick with Golden Delicious
Arkansas Black (a.k.a. Arkansas, Mammoth Black Twig)[26][27] |  | Arkansas, US  | c. 1870 | Hard and crunchy; stores well. Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Very deep red, appearing black from a distance. Flesh is yellow, firm, tender, juicy, subacid, crisp, good.  | Eating  | Pick45 October 22. Pick55 October 15. PickE late October. Use December–May
Arlet[4][43][44] |  | Dietikon, Switzerland  | Introduced 1984  | Width 72 mm, height 66 mm. Parentage Golden Delicious x Idared. 55-100% Red overcolor. Flesh is crisp, juicy, aromatic, subacid.  | Eating  | PickG early–mid-October. Use November–February.
Armorel[14] |  | Newbury, Berkshire, England  | Introduced 1893  | A small yellow apple with russet. FCC from RHS in 1892. Flesh crisp, good.  | Eating  | Use February–May
Aroma[25] |  | Balsgård, Fjälkestad, Sweden  | 1947, Introduced 1973.  | A yellow apple with red flush. Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Parentage Ingrid Marie x Filippa.  | Eating  | PickE early October. Use November–December
Aromatic Russet(fr. Rouge Aromatisée)[9][34] |  | England  | <1831  | Width 55 mm, height 50 mm. Flesh is greenish white, firm, subacid, aromatic.  | Eating  | PickE mid-October. Use November–February
Arreskov[24][35][28] |  | Denmark  | Before 1860  | A yellow apple with a pleasant aroma reminiscent of gravenstein. Width 77–85 mm (3.0–3.3 in), height 66–75 mm (2.6–3.0 in). Stalk 8–15 mm (0.31–0.59 in). Flesh is firm, dry, aromatic, subacid. Tree vigorous.  | Eating, juice, drying.  | Pick September. Use September–October.
Arthur Turner[7][14] agm[45][31][46] |  | Buckinghamshire, England  | Before 1912, introduced 1914  | Width 80–88 mm (3.1–3.5 in), height 48–76 mm (1.9–3.0 in). Stalk 10–16 mm (0.39–0.63 in). Large golden cooker: prone to mildew but scab resistant. Award of Merit from RHS in 1912. Flesh is creamy white, coarse-textured, dry, subacid. Parentage Alfriston x unknown.  | Cooking, baking  | PickE late September; use September–November
Arthur W. Barnes[7] |  | Chester, England  | Raised 1902, introduced 1928  | Parentage Gascoyne's Scarlet x Cox Orange. A yellow apple with red flush. Width 82 mm (3.2 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk medium. Flesh is white, firm, fine textured, very juicy, acid.  | Cooking  | PickE mid- to late September; use November–March
Ashmead's Kernel[7][14]agm[47]<[31][13] |  | Gloucestershire, England  | c. 1700 | Flesh is pale yellow, juicy, subacid and very aromatic. Width 54–64 mm (2.1–2.5 in), height 54–57 mm (2.1–2.2 in). Stalk 7–12 mm (0.28–0.47 in). Cells obovate, axile, slit.  | Eating  | PickE early–mid-October; use December–February
Ashmore[10][9] |  | US  | Before 1840  | Width 85 mm (3.3 in), height 66 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 11 mm (0.43 in). Flesh is yellowish-white, crisp, juicy, subacid, very good.  | Cooking, eating  | Use September–October
Astillisch[6] |  | Germany  | Raised 1929  | Parentage Red Astrachan x Signe Tillisch. Width 63–70 mm, height 56 mm. Flesh yellowish-white, juicy, soft, subacid.  | Eating  | Pick August. Use August.
Astramel[4] |  | Jork, Germany  |  | Parentage Red Astrachan x (James Grieve x Melba).  | Eating  | PickG and use early–mid-August
Atalanta[14] |  | England  | Before 1891, introduced 1893  | Lemon yellow with red streaks. AM from RHS in 1891. Tree vigorous.  | Cooking, eating  | PickE late September–early October. Use November–January
Atha[11] |  | Cullman County, Alabama  | Selected c. 1915. Introduced c. 1930.  | Parentage Red Astrachan x unknown. Tree nearly resembles Yellow Transparent, but is more vigorous and has less tendency to biennial bearing.  |  |
Atlas[25] |  | Ottawa, Canada  | selected 1912, introduced 1924  | A truncate conical yellow apple with red stripes. Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Hardiness zone 4a.  | Eating, cooking  | PickE early September; use October–December
Auksis  |  | Lithuania  | 1951  | McIntosh x Gravenstein  | Eating  |
Auralia (see Tumanga)
Aurora Golden Gala[48] |  | British Columbia, Canada  | 2003  | Dessert apple; medium size, sweet, juicy, crisp, firm, very long storage life. Width 83 mm (3.3 in), height 77 mm (3.0 in). Weight 265–288 g (9.3–10.2 oz). Stalk 21–33 mm (0.83–1.30 in). P Splendour x Gala. SS 14.2, TA 0.58-0.75.  | Eating  | Pick early October. Use October–March.
Ausbacher Roter (a.k.a. Ausbacher Rotapfel)[15] |  | Ausbach, Hesse, Germany  | 1770, introduced 1870  | A yellow apple with red flush. Width 77 mm (3.0 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). Tree vigorous. Flesh is white to greenish yellow, subacid. Quality: cooking good, eating fair.  | Cooking  | Pick late September; use October–April
Austin Sweet[9] |  | Pennsylvania, US  | <1875  | Flesh white, juicy, sweet, very good. Stalk short.  | Eating  | Use September–December
Autumn Glory[49] |  | Washington, US  | 2011  | The Autumn Glory variety is a hybrid of the Fuji (apple) and the Golden Delicious apple, featuring a red over golden background. Very sweet, firm flesh with a subtle "cinnamon" flavor. Produced only by Domex Superfresh Growers in Washington's Yakima Valley.  | Eating  |
Automn Pearmain (a.k.a. Summer Pearmain)[37][31][7][13][28] |  | England  | 1588  | Green with russet and red overcolour. width 67–72 mm (2.6–2.8 in), height 60–68 mm (2.4–2.7 in). Stalk 12–17 mm (0.47–0.67 in). Cells obovate, axile. Flesh is creamy white, fairly firm, nutty and slightly aromatic.  | Eating  | PickE late September; use September–November
Avajlilja[19] |  | Turkey  |  | A green apple with red flush. Tolerant to common apple diseases and pests. Flesh has sweet-sour taste, with a weak aroma.  |  |

### B

[edit]

Common name  | Image  | Origin  | First developed  | Comment  | Use  | Pick/Use period

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Babovača[19] |  | Montenegro  |  | A green apple with red flush. Width 96 mm (3.8 in), height 79 mm (3.1 in), weight 250 g (8.8 oz). Stalk very short. Flesh soft, sweet and sour.  |  | Use October–April
Bailey (a.k.a. Bailey Sweet).[10][26][27] |  | Wyoming County, New York, US  | c. 1840 | Red apple with considerable white flecks. Has some russeting. Width 86 mm (3.4 in), height 74 mm (2.9 in). Stalk 21 mm (0.83 in). Flesh yellow, tender, juicy, very sweet, very good.  | Eating, cooking  | Use October
Baker's Delicious[7] |  | Wales  | <1932  | A yellow apple with orange-red flush. Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Stalk short. Flesh; creamy white, firm, crisp, juicy, aromatic.  | Eating  | PickE late August–early September; use August–September
Baldwin (a.k.a. Woodpecker, Pecker, Butters)[7][10][12][9][27][32][26][8] |  | Massachusetts, US  | c. 1740 | Flesh yellowish white, crisp, sweet to subacid flavor, very good. Width 76–81 mm (3.0–3.2 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in). Stalk 22 mm (0.87 in). Tree vigorous. Very old variety for North America. Makes much juice. Cold storage 0oC 150 days. TRI DBH 160.  | Cooking, Eating  | Pick50 October 14. PickE mid-October. Use November–March
Ballinora[14] |  | England  | <1898  | Golden yellow with red flush. Width 79 mm (3.1 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). AM from RHS in 1898.  | Cooking, eating  | Use December–January
Ball's Pippin[30][50] |  | England  | <1920  | A green-yellow apple with red flush and russet. P Cox Orange x Sturmer Pippin. Flesh white, juicy, sweet, aromatic. Tree vigorous. AM from RHS in 1923.  | Eating  | PickE early to mid-October. Use January.
Ballyfatten[6] |  | County Tyrone, Ireland  | c. 1740 | A large, round apple with firm, dry, sweet, slightly tart white flesh. Excellent keeper. Scab and canker resistant.  | Cooking, eating  | PickE late September. Use October–November.
Baltimore (a.k.a. Baltimore Pippin)[9] |  | US  | <1860  | Width 78 mm (3.1 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Flesh whitish, juicy, subacid.  | Eating  | Use December–April
Bancroft[6] |  | Ottawa, Ontario, Canada  | Selected 1930. Introduced c.1935  | Width 70 – 80 mm. height 55–68 mm. Stalk 15 mm. Parentage Forest x McIntosh. Flesh white, crisp, tender, juicy.  | Eating  | PickE mid-October. Use November - December.
Banks[27][26] |  | Nova Scotia  | 1880  | A red sport from Gravenstein  | Eating, cooking, pie  |
Barcelona Pearmain[12][51][13][28] |  | England  | <1837  | One of the best dessert apples. Cells roundish oblate, axile. The tree is a free grower, but does not attain the largest size.  | Eating, cooking  |
Bardsey Island Apple |  | Bardsey Island, Wales  | 1998  | A medium-sized eating apple with a unique lemon aroma. Sweet and juicy. Skin color red over gold. Very disease resistant. Single tree discovered on Bardsey island in 1998, age of original tree unknown. May have monastic origins.  | Eating  |
Barkley Red Rome[52] |  |  |  | Bud mutation of Rome Beauty.  |  |
Barnack Beauty[14][7][31] |  | Barnack, Northamptonshire, England  | c. 1840, introduced c. 1870 | Medium-sized apple. Yellow, 25-75% flushed with orange red. AM from RHS in 1899. FCC from RHS in 1909. Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 20–25 mm (0.79–0.98 in). Flesh; creamy white, very firm, crisp, fine-textured, juicy, subcaid to sweet.  | Eating  | PickE late September–early October. Use December–March
Barnack Orange[7] |  | England  | 1904  | P Barnack Beauty x Cox Orange. Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk short. Flesh; creamy white, firm, coarse-textured, juicy, subacid, aromatic.  | Eating  | PickE late September–early October. Use November–February
Baronesa[18] |  | Brazil  | Introduced 1997  | P Princesa x Fuji. Weight 130 g (4.6 oz). Flesh sweet, crisp. Tree vigorous.  | Eating  |
Bascombe Mystery[7] |  | England  | <1831  | A late keeping green apple. Width 68 mm, height 56 mm. Stalk short. Flesh pale yellow, fine-textured, juicy, subacid.  | Eating  | PickE early October. Use November - March
Batul (a.k.a. Batulenka, Batulka, Batul-Alma ru. Batullen)[19][17] |  | Romania or Hungary  |  | A green apple with red flush. Russet in stalk cavity. Width 50 mm (2.0 in), height 50 mm (2.0 in), weight 80 g (2.8 oz). Tree vigorous. Flesh acidic with poor aroma.  | Eating  | PickE mid- to late October. Use December–April.
Baumanns Reinette (cs. Baumanova reneta,fr. Reinette Baumann, pl. Reneta Baumana, ru. Renet Baumana)[7][4][53][15][33][13][17][8] |  | Belgium  | c. 1810 | Medium size. Skin brilliant crimson. Width 66 mm (2.6 in), height 52 mm (2.0 in). Weight 110 g (3.9 oz). Stalk 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in). Cells, oblate, axile, open. Flesh; crisp, subacid. First Class Certificate from RHS in 1878. Cold Storage 2oC 180 days. VitC 16. Density 0.83  | Cooking, eating  | PickE late September. PickG early October. Use December–March
Baxter's Pearmain[7][12][13] |  | Norfolk, England  | 1821  | A large dual purpose apple. Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk medium. Cells obovate, axile. The tree is hardy, vigorous, a most abundant bearer. Flesh; pale yellow, coarse-textured, dry, subacid.  | Cooking, eating  | PickE late September–early October; use November–March
Beach (a.k.a. Apple of Commerce)[27] |  | Arkansas, US  | <1898  | A yellow apple with red overcolor, medium size. A late keeper. Stalk medium. Tree large, vigorous. Flesh: very firm, rather dry.  | Eating  | Pick late October.
Beacon[54] |  | Minnesota, US  | Introduced 1936  | Lively, juicy flavor; good for baking. Does not keep very well. Parentage (Malinda x Duchess of Oldenburg)x(Malinda x Tetofsky)  | Cooking, eating  | PickE early September. Use September–October.
Beauty of Bath(de. Schöner aus Bath)[7][14][31][15][32][16][35][17] |  | Bailbrook, Batheston, Somerset, England  | Introduced 1864  | Width 59–63 mm (2.3–2.5 in), height 44–51 mm (1.7–2.0 in). Stalk 9–12 mm (0.35–0.47 in). Deep red flush and streaks of red with a little russet. Early maturing but short season. Formerly grown commercially in England for local markets. FCC from RHS in 1887. Good flavor in its home climate if it is eaten soon after picking. Poor flavour if distributed long distances and stored for weeks, so now rare. Flesh; creamy white, soft, very juicy, subacid. VitC 14.  | Eating  | PickE early August; use early August
Beauty of Bedford[14][6] |  | Bedfordshire, England  | <1913  | Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). P Lady Sudely x Beauty of Bath. Greenish yellow with orange flush. Flesh yellow, firm, juicy, sweet.  | Eating  | PickE mid-September; use September–October
Beauty of Hants[7][14] |  | Southampton, Hampshire, England  | c. 1850 | A yellow apple with orange-red flush. Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk variable. Flesh very crisp, yellowish juicy, highly aromatic. Triploid.  | Eating  | PickE late September–early October; use November–February
Beauty of Kent[7][13][14] |  | Kent, England  | introduced c.1820  | Old culinary apple, very irregular, ribbed. Width 90 mm (3.5 in), height 83 mm (3.3 in). Cells, roundish obovate, abaxile. AM from RHS in 1901. Flesh yellowish, tender, subacid. TRI  | Cooking  | PickE late September; use December–March
Beauty of Stoke[14] |  | Nottinghamshire, England  | <1889  | Width 70 mm, height 65 mm. Flesh yellowish, firm, dry, pleasant flavour. Tree vigorous. FCC from RHS in 1890.  | Cooking, eating  | PickE mid- to late October. Use January·March
Beauty of Wiltshire (a.k.a. Weisse Wachs Reinette)[28] |  | ?  | <1800  | Yellow with red flush. Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 9 mm (0.35 in). Flesh juicy, very acidic.  | Cooking, eating  | Use October–November
Bedfordshire Foundling[12][7][13] |  | Bedfordshire, England  | c. 1800 | A yellow apple slightly flushed with red. An excellent culinary apple. Width 75–89 mm (3.0–3.5 in), height 65–88 mm (2.6–3.5 in). Cells obovate, abaxile. Stalk short. Flesh; creamy white, firm, juicy, subacid.  | Cooking  | PickE late September–early October; use December–March
Bedrika (a.k.a. Prisatka)[19] |  | Possibly Serbia  |  | A green conical apple with red flush. Width 77 mm (3.0 in), height 65 mm (2.6 in). Weight 184 g (6.5 oz). Flesh white, sweet, with pleasant aroma.  | Eating  |
Beefsteak[9] |  | Amesbury, Massachusetts, US  | <1870  | Stalk medium. Flesh white, tender, crisp, juicy, subacid. Very good.  | Eating  | Use October–November
Beeley Pippin[7] |  | Derbyshire, England  | Raisedc. 1880 | A yellow apple flushed (25–50%) with red. Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in). Stalk short. Flesh yellow, juicy, sweet, aromatic.  | Eating  | Pick late August; use September–October
Belle de Boskoop (cs. Boskoopské, de. Boskoop, Schöner von Boskoop) agm[55][24][4][31][7][16] |  | Boskoop, Netherlands  | 1856  | Width 73–95 mm (2.9–3.7 in), height 67–87 mm (2.6–3.4 in), weight 205 g (7.2 oz). Stalk 10–25 mm (0.39–0.98 in). Flesh acid and aromatic. Tree vigorous. Particularly attractive blossom. AM from RHS in 1897. VitC 10–17. Density 0.83 TRI  | Cooking, baking  | PickE early October. PickG mid-October. Pickg September 23–October 15. Use January–April
Belle de Builts[28] |  | Builts, La Vienne, France  | <1860  | A yellow apple with red flush. Width 68–74 mm (2.7–2.9 in), height 49–54 mm (1.9–2.1 in). Stalk 17 mm (0.67 in). Flesh white, crisp, juicy, aromatic, sweet.  | Cooking, eating  | Use January–April
Belle de Pontoise(cs. Pontoiské, de. Schöner aus Pontoise, ru. Pontuazskaia krasvitța)[31][33][7][14][17] |  | France  | 1869, introduced 1879  | Large flat-round apple. Greenish-yellow, 25–75% flushed with red. Biennial. Width 86 mm (3.4 in), height 64–67 mm (2.5–2.6 in). Stalk 15–20 mm (0.59–0.79 in). Flesh white, sweet, juicy. Tree vigorous.  | Cooking.  | PickE mid-October; use November–March
Bellefleur Kitaika (cs. Krasokvet Kitajka, pl. Bellfleur Kitajka) [17] |  | Russia  | 1914  | Width 100 mm, height 85 mm. Flesh, white, soft, sweet.  |  | Use October - December
Belmont[9] |  | Pennsylvania, US  | <1870  | Width 82 mm (3.2 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk short to medium. Flesh yellowish, crisp, tender, juicy, aromatic. Very good. Tree vigorous, healthy, very productive.  | Eating  | Use November–February
Ben Davis(a.k.a. New York Pippin, Victoria Pippin, Victoria Red, Red Pippin, Kentucky Pippin, Baltimore Red, Baltimore Pippin)[10][27][26][56] |  | Southeastern US  | c. 1800 | Width 77 mm, height 80mm. Noted for keeping well prior to refrigerated storage, but flavour has been compared with cork.  | Eating  | Use January - June.
Bennet[9] |  | Herefordshire, England  | <1870  | A cider apple.  | Cider  |
Benoni[7][10][9][57][26][13][58] |  | Massachusetts, US  | <1832  | A small orange-yellow apple with red overcolour. Width 57–59 mm (2.2–2.3 in), height 53 mm (2.1 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Cells obovate, axile, closed. Flesh yellow, firm, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, good to very good. BB. DBH 110.  | Eating  | Pick50 August 23. PickE late August. Use August–September
Ben's Red[7][14] |  | Cornwall, England  | c. 1830 | Medium to large apple. Slightly ribbed. Skin flushed and striped dark red. Flesh pale yellow, sweet, aromatic. P Devonshire Quarrenden Xbox Apple. Award of Merit from RHS in 1899.  | Eating  | PickE early September; use September.
Bentley Sweet[10] |  | Virginia, US  | <1850  | Flesh sweet. Tree vigorous, productive, an early bearer.  | Eating  | Use April–September
Berlepsch (see Frieherr von Berlepsch)
Berner Rosen (a.k.a. cs. Bernské růžové)[24][8] |  | Zurich, Switzerland  | 1860  | A red apple. Height 57–62 mm (2.2–2.4 in), width 62–66 mm (2.4–2.6 in). Weight 110 g (3.9 oz). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Flesh; soft, juicy, subacid. Cold storage 4oC 120 days. VitC 11. Density 0.78  | Eating  | PickG late September–early October; use December–February
Bess Pool[14][31][7][13] |  | Nottinghamshire, England  | 1824  | Round-conical apple. Flesh firm but tender, white, sweet, rather dry. Trees are shy bearers at first. Width 67–70 mm (2.6–2.8 in), height 58–63 mm (2.3–2.5 in). Stalk 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in). Cells ovate, axile, open or abaxile.  | Eating  | PickE early October; use November–February
Bethlemite[9] |  | US  | <1860  | Width 78 mm (3.1 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in). Flesh juicy, subacid, aromatic.  | Eating  | Use December–March
Beverly Hills[11][18] |  | California, US  | 1939, Introduced 1945.[59] | P Melba x Early McIntosh. Slightly tart flavor. Flesh white. Likes warm weather. MacIntosh style summer apple that is self fertile and well adapted to low chill conditions.[60] | Eating  |
Biesterfelder Renette[32][4][8] |  | Biesterfeld, Lippe, Germany  | 1850  | A yellow apple striped with red. Width 60–75 mm (2.4–3.0 in), height 55–65 mm (2.2–2.6 in). Flesh white, crisp, juicy. Cold storage 2oC 120 days.  | Eating  | PickG mid-September. Use October–December
Bietigheimer[26][27] |  | Germany  | <1870  | Fruit very large with russet. Width 110 mm (4.3 in), height 78 mm (3.1 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Tree large, vigorous. Flesh white, firm, coarse, srisp, juicy, subacid, fair to good.  |  | Use September–October
Birgit Bonnier[61] |  | Sweden  | 1992  | A cross between Cortland (apple) and Lord Lambourne.  |  |
Bismarck [7][24][14][26][27][16][35] |  | Victoria, Australia  | 1870  | Large fruit with a yellow-green with red overcolour. Flesh crisp, juicy, subacid, fair to good. FCC from RHS in 1887. Width 65–85 mm (2.6–3.3 in), height 58–72 mm (2.3–2.8 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in).  | Cooking, juice.  | PickE late September. Use November–February
Bittenfelder[4] |  | Baden-Württemberg, Germany  | <1940  | Flesh; white, crisp, juicy, subacid.  | Cider, juice  | PickG late October. Use November–April.
Black Annette[9] |  | US  | <1820  | Flesh white, tender, good.  | Eating  | Use November–December
Black Apple[9] |  | US  | <1820  | Flesh white, good.  | Eating  | Use November–February
Black Ben Davis[27][26] |  | Arkansas, US  | c. 1800  | A red mutation of Ben Davis.  | Eating  | Use January - April.
Black Gilliflower[10][27][26] |  | US  | <1800  | Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 74 mm (2.9 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Flesh white, dry, subacid, good. Tree very productive.  | Eating  | Use November–March
Blackjon[11][8] |  | Washington, US  | Introduced 1931  | Mutation of Jonathan. Cold storage 3-4oC 120 days.  | Eating  |
Blackmack[11] |  | British Columbia, Canada  | Introduced 1930  | Mutation of Red McIntosh.  | Eating  |
Black Oxford[9] |  | Maine, US  | <1870  | Flesh white, dry, subacid, good. Tree a great bearer.  | Eating  | Use March–May
Black Sweet (a.k.a. Moore's Sweeting)[10] |  | US  | <1820  | Width 82 mm (3.2 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). Flesh yellow, dry, very sweet. Quality inferior.  | Baking, cider  | Use December–March
Blairmont[62] |  | Georgia, US  | Cross made 1961  | A round to conical apple with 90% red overcolor. Moderately resistant to scab, fire blight, powdery mildew and black rot. DBH 112. Flesh: cream, juicy, subacid.  | Eating  |
Blauacher Wädenswil[4] |  | Bern, Switzerland  |  | Width 78 mm (3.1 in). Height 75 mm (3.0 in). Flesh; greenish-white, juicy, subacid.  | Cider, juice  | PickG late September. Use October.
Bledsoe[10] |  | Kentucky, US  | <1855  | A large apple. Stalk short. Flesh crisp, juicy, subacid, good.  | Eating  | Use September–April
Blenheim Orange (a.k.a. Emilia (in Ecuador) and Pennsylvania (in Colombia) cs. Blenheimská reneta, de. Goldrenette von Blenheim, pl. Blenheimska, ru. Renet blengheimskii, Renet zolotoi blengheimskii) agm[63][7][4][27][15][16][35][13][28][17][8] |  | England  | Discovered c. 1740, introduced c. 1818 | Has greenish-yellow to orange skin streaked with red. Width 75–91 mm (3.0–3.6 in), height 60–70 mm (2.4–2.8 in), weight 165 g (5.8 oz). Stalk 10–20 mm (0.39–0.79 in). Cells open, obovate, axile. Flesh; aromatic, juicy. Distinctive nutty flavor excellent for cooking. The vigorous tree is slow to come into crop but then produces heavily. Parentage Golden Reinette x unknown. Cold storage 4oC 120 days. TRI VitC 13. Density 0.76  | Cooking, eating  | PickE late September. PickG early October. Use November–January.
Bloody Ploughman[6] |  | Carse of Gowrie, Scotland  | c. 1800 | A medium-sized, very dark red, heavily ribbed apple. Flesh white sometimes pink-streaked, crisp, juicy, mildly sweet. It is reputed to have got its name after a gamekeeper shot dead a ploughman caught stealing apples from the Megginch Estate. When his body was returned to his wife, she found stolen apples in his pockets and threw them onto a rubbish heap. One of the resulting seedlings bore apples of a deep, blood red. This tree gave rise to the cultivar that was named after the unfortunate ploughman.[64] | Eating  | PickE mid-September. Use September - November.
Blue Pearmain[7][9][14][27][26] |  | US  | c. 1800 | A yellow apple with dark red stripes. Width 70–75 mm (2.8–3.0 in). Height 63–70 mm (2.5–2.8 in). Steam short and stout. FCC from RHS in 1896. Flesh aromatic, spicy, subacid, very good.  | Cooking, cider, eating  | PickE early October; use November–December.
Blutapfel (a.k.a. Pomme Sanguinole, Purpurapfel)[28] |  | ?  | <1820  | A yellow apple with red overcolor. Width 49–60 mm, height 45–54 mm. Stalk 6 mm. Flesh yellow tinted with red, juicy subacid.  | Eating, Cooking  | Pick October. Use December - May.
Bodil Neergaard[65][35] |  | Denmark  | 1855  | A green oblong conical apple. Width 56–61 mm (2.2–2.4 in), height 70–75 mm (2.8–3.0 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). Flesh; white, juicy, spicy.  | Eating, cooking  | Pick October; use Januar–March
Böhmer (a.k.a. Edel-Böhmer)[28] |  | Tyrol  | <1857  | Green with red flush. Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in).  | Eating  | Use December–March
Böhmischer Rosenapfel[28] |  | Bohemia, Germany  | <1800  | A large apple. Width 81 mm (3.2 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). Flesh juicy, sweet.  | Eating, cooking  | Use August–September
Bohnapfel (a.k.a. Grosser Rheinischer Bohnapfel, cs. Strýmka, pl. Grochówka)[4][8] |  | Germany  | <1800  | Width 55 mm (2.2 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in), weight 100 g (3.5 oz). Stalk 10–20 mm (0.39–0.79 in). Flesh; acid, crisp, juicy. Cold storage 2oC 210 days. Density 0.80 TRI  | Cooking, cider  | PickG late October–early November; use March–May
Boiken (cs. Boikovo)[7][4][24][26][35][8] |  | Bremen, Germany  | 1828  | Culinary apple. Width 68–82 mm (2.7–3.2 in), height 56–68 mm (2.2–2.7 in). Weight 125 g (4.4 oz). Stalk 17–23 mm (0.67–0.91 in). Flesh white, firm, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid to acid, good. Cold storage 0oC 150 days. VitC 10. Density 0.85  | Cooking, drying, juice  | PickE mid-October. PickG mid–late October; use February–May
Bonum (a.k.a. Magnum Bonum)[9][26][27] |  | US  | 1828  | Width 77 mm (3.0 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Flesh white, firm, tender, aromatic, juicy, mild subacid, very good.  | Eating  | Use September–December
Borgovskoje[38] |  | Russia  | <1860  | A sweet yellow apple.  | Eating  | Pick late August
Borovitsky (see Duchess of Oldenburg)
Borsdorfer see Edelborsdorfer
Börtlinger Weinapfel[4] |  | Baden-Württemberg, Germany  | 1827  | Flesh; greenish-white, juicy, acid. Tree vigorous.  | Cider, juice  | PickG mid-October. Use October–November.
Bottle Greening[9] |  | Green Mountains, US  | <1850  | Produces large fruit. Has thick skin. Flesh white, subacid.  | Eating, cider  | Use January–February
Bough (see Sweet Bough)  |  |  |  |  |  |
Bountiful[31] |  | Kent, England  |  | Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). A yellow apple flushed (0–25%) with red. Flesh, fairly juicy, fairly tender.  | Cooking, Eating  | Pick late September; use September–January
Bow Hill Pippin[14][7] |  | Bow Hill, Kent, England  | introduced 1893  | Golden yellow with slight flush. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). AM from RHS in 1893. Flesh yellow, firm, juicy, good.  | Eating  | Use November–February
Brabant Bellefleur(a.k.a. Brabantsche Bellefleur)[14][13][39] |  | France?  | <1830  | A yellow apple with red flush and stripes. Width 71 mm, height 67 mm. Stalk 10mm. Cells closed, elliptical. AM from RHS in 1901. Flesh crisp, yellow, acid, aromatic.  | Cooking  | Use December–April
Braddick Nonpareil[13] |  | England  | <1828  | A medium-sized roundish apple. Width 66 mm, height 55 mm. Stalk short. Cells, ovate, axile. Flesh yellowish, subacid, aromatic. More sweet and tender than the Old Nonpareil.  | Eating  | PickE mid October. Use November - April.
Braeburn[66][67][44][8] |  | New Zealand  | introduced 1952  | Width 76 mm, height 69 mm. Chance seedling. Flesh pale cream, firm, crisp, juicy. Red overcolor 69%. Ripens 19 days after Golden Delicious. Not susceptible to bitter-pit. The fruit is widely sold commercially in the United Kingdom. Cold Storage 1oC 180 days. SS 13.8 - 14.7 TA 0.53 - 0.86.  | Eating  | Pick 45 October 16. Pick55 October 5. Pick at the end of late May in New Zealand.
Bramley (Bramley's Seedling) agm[68][16][7][35][13] |  | Nottinghamshire, United Kingdom  | 1809  | Most widely sold cooking apple in the United Kingdom. Triploid. Width 83–86 mm (3.3–3.4 in), height 66–70 mm (2.6–2.8 in). Stalk 10–20 mm (0.39–0.79 in). Cells round, axile, open. Large sized fruits with waxy skin, green with a red flush, which must be peeled before use. A favorite ingredient in many traditional British puddings.[69] TRI  | Cooking, juice, cider.  | PickE mid-October. Use November–February.
Brasil (a.k.a. Bruckner, Bruckner do Brasil)[18] |  | Brazil  | 1940s  | Fruit large, resembles Delicious. Tree vigorous.  | Eating  |
Brauner Matapfel[15] |  | Germany  | <1800  | A yellow apple with redbrown flush. Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 7 mm (0.28 in). Flesh whitish-yellow, sweet, subacid. Quality cooking good, eating fair.  | Cooking  | Pick mid-October; use December–May
Bravo de Esmolfe  |  | Esmolfe, Penacova, Portugal | 18th century  | A small, juicy and sweet apple, considered one of the best Portuguese apples  | Eating  |
Breakey[11] |  | Manitoba, Canada  | Introduced 1935  | Fruit medium size, red and scarlet. Flesh white, melting, juicy, spicy.  | Cooking, eating  | Use September–November
Breda Reinette (a.k.a. Reinette von Breda, Reinette de Breda, Nelguin, Reinette Nelguin)[28][70] |  | Netherlands  | <1760  | Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 7 mm (0.28 in). Flesh yellowish, juicy, aromatic.  | Cooking, eating  | Use December–March
Breedon Pippin[28] |  | England  | 1801  | Sweet flavor. Originally raised by a parson in Berkshire. Rare.  | Eating  |
Brettacher[32][4] |  | Brettach, Württemberg, Germany  |  | A yellow apple striped with red. Width 70–85 mm (2.8–3.3 in), height 50–60 mm (2.0–2.4 in). Flesh white, juicy.  | Eating  | PickG mid–late October. Pickg October 15–30. Use December–May.
Breuhahn(a.k.a. Geheimrat Breuhahn, cs. Breuhahnovo)[4][32][8] |  | Geisenheim, Germany  | 1895 Introduced 1934  | Width 57–63 mm (2.2–2.5 in), height 45–53 mm (1.8–2.1 in), weight 93 g (3.3 oz). Stalk 17–25 mm (0.67–0.98 in). Flesh: yellowish white, juicy, subacid. Cold storage 1oC 180 days. VitC 8–14. Density 0.74  | Cooking, eating  | PickG late September–early October; use October–April
Briar Sweet (see Pound Sweet)  |  |  |  |  |  |
Brina |  | Italy  | 1998  | Resistant to scab. Spreading habit with intermediate vigor; full flowering season is medium-late, production is heavy, fruit is medium or medium-large, with smooth skin; white lenticels, no russet, excellent taste characteristics. Ripens first week of October (Trentino).  | Eating  |
Britegold[43] |  | Ontario, Canada  | Introduced 1980  | A bright yellow apple. Flesh cream-colored, tender, juicy. Biennial tendency. Resistant to apple scab.  | Eating, pie  |
Broad Eyed Pippin[7][13] |  | England  | <1700  | A yellow apple with some light brown flush. Width 93 mm (3.7 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk short. Cells obovate, axile, open. Flesh white, acid.  | Cooking, cider.  | PickE late September; use November–January
Brownlee's Russet[14][7][31][32][13] |  | Hempstead, Hertfordshire, England  | c. 1848 | Green with red flush, covered with russet. Width 70–74 mm (2.8–2.9 in), height 58–61 mm (2.3–2.4 in). Stalk 8–12 mm (0.31–0.47 in). Cells pointed ovate, axile, open. Flesh greenish white, juicy, acid, nutty flavour.  | Eating  | PickE mid-October; use December–March
Buckingham (a.k.a. Kentucky Queen, Lexington Queen)[71][27][26] |  | US, probably southern states  | <1817  | Width 87–93 mm (3.4–3.7 in), height 67–78 mm (2.6–3.1 in). Stalk 11–21 mm (0.43–0.83 in). Flesh coarse, juicy, subacid, fair to good.  | Eating  | Use November–February
Buff[10] |  | US  | <1830  | Very large. Stalk 19 mm (0.75 in). Flesh, white, tender.  | Eating  | Use November–March
Bullock[27] |  | New Jersey, US  | <1805  | Width 59 mm (2.3 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 23 mm (0.91 in). Flesh firm, crisp, tender, juicy, aromatic, subacid, very good to best. Tree not large.  | Eating  | Use October–January
Buncombe(a.k.a. Red Winter Pearmain)[10] |  | US  | <1860  | A medium to large sized yellow conical apple striped with red. Flesh yellow, juicy, mild subacid, good.  | Eating, Cooking  | Use December - January
Burchardt's Reinette[13][28] |  | Nikita, Crimea  | <1860  | A roundish-oblate apple. Width 65 mm, height 48 mm. Cells roundish obovate, axile. Flesh white, tender, crisp, juicy.  | Eating.  | PickE early October. Use November - December.
Bushey Grove[7][30] |  | Hertfordshire, England  | 1897  | A greenish-yellow apple with red flush (25–75%). P Alexande x Dumelow. AM from RHS in 1922. Width 78 mm (3.1 in), height 66 mm (2.6 in). Stalk short. Flesh white, juicy, acid.  | Cooking, pie  | PickE late August–early September; use October–December
Byfleet Seedling[7] |  | Surrey, England  | 1915  | Large cooking apple; width 96 mm (3.8 in), height 76 mm (3.0 in).  | Cooking  | PickE early October. Use October–February.
Byford Wonder[14] |  | Herefordshire, England  | <1893  | Yellow with russet dots. Very large. Tree very vigorous. AM from RHS in 1893.  | Cooking  | PickE early October. Use November–December.

### C

[edit]

Common name  | Image  | Origin  | First developed  | Comment  | Use  | Pick/Use period

|
|
|
|
|
|

Cabashea[9][27] |  | New York, US  | <1851  | A large oblate apple. Width 100 mm (3.9 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in). Stalk 19 mm (0.75 in).  | Cooking  | Use September–October
Čačanska pozna[72] |  | Serbia  | Introduced 1971  | P Starking x Jonathan. Width 79 mm (3.1 in), height 66 mm (2.6 in), weight 200 g (7.1 oz). Stalk medium. Diploid.  |  | Pick late September–early October
Čadel[72] |  | Serbia  | Introduced 1984  | P Golden Delicious x Jonathan. Width 78–82 mm (3.1–3.2 in), height 78–82 mm (3.1–3.2 in), weight 250–275 g (8.8–9.7 oz). Stalk 45 mm (1.8 in). Flesh firm, crisp, juicy, acid.  |  | Pick late September–early October
Cal-King[11] |  | California US  | 1942  | P unknown.  |  |
Calville Blanc d'hiver(cs. Kalvil bílý zimní)[7][32][33] |  | France  | <1598  | Noted for unusual looks (somewhat lumpy on the side) but excellent reward when tried. Noted for having unusually high vitamin C content. Apple of choice for tarte tatin in France. Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 65 mm (2.6 in). Stalk variable. Flesh white, juicy, sweet, aromatic. C 32.  | Cooking, eating  | PickE third week of October; use November–March
Calville Rouge D'Automne(cs. Kalvil cerveny podzimni, de. Roter Herbst Kalvil, pl. Jablko malinow, ru. Osennii krasnîi kalvil.)[12][13][17] |  | France  | 1670  | A culinary apple of inferior quality in England. Cells ovate, axile.  | Cooking, eating  | PickE late September. Use October–November.
Calville Rouge D'Ete[12] |  | France  | <1800  | A culinary apple of second-rate quality.  | Cooking, eating  |
Calville Rouge D'Hiver[12][7][58][28] |  | France  | <1800  | A culinary apple of second-rate quality. Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 76 mm (3.0 in). Stalk long. Flesh white, soft, juicy, sweet.  | Cider, cooking, eating  | Pick early October; use December–March
Calville Saint Sauveur[28][16][13] |  | France  | 1839  | Yellow with red flush. Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 61–71 mm (2.4–2.8 in). Stalk 12–18 mm (0.47–0.71 in). Cells elliptical or ovate, pointed, abaxile.  | Eating  | Pick October. Use October–February.
Cambusnethan Pippin[7] |  | Stirlingshire, Scotland  | c. 1750 | A yellow apple with red flush (50–75%). Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 52 mm (2.0 in). Stalk medium. Flesh white, sweet, aromatic.  | Eating, cooking  | PickE mid- to late September; use October–December
Cameo[44] |  | Washington State, US  | 1980s  | Width 78 mm, height 70 mm. Existence owed to freak accidental crossing of two most popular apples in world: Red and Golden Delicious. Retains prongs on bottom of latter parent but has flavor more resembling Golden.  | Eating  | Pick45 October 20. Pick55 October 8.
Campanino |  | Modena, Italy | Before 1751 (documented)  | Fruits have firm, crisp flesh with a rather acid flavor  | Cooking  | PickE late October. Use January–March.
Campfield (a.k.a. Newark Sweeting)[9][27][10] |  | New Jersey, US  | <1817  | A cider apple. Biennial.  | Cider  | Use November–July
Canada Reinette (see Reinette du Canada)
Cannon Pearmain[9][10][27] |  | Possibly North Carolina, US  | <1851  | A medium size, yellow apple with red flush. Flesh yellow, subacid, very good.  | Eating  | Use December–March
Capital[10] |  | Indiana, US  | <1850  | Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 11 mm (0.43 in). Flesh yellow, juicy, subacid.  | Eating  | Use December–January
Caraway Russet (see Fenouillet Gris)
Carícia[18] |  | Brazil  | Introduced 1995  | P Prima x Anna. Flesh subacid, good. Tree vigorous.  | Eating  |
Cardinal (a.k.a. Kiarolkowski, Peter the Great)[14] |  | Russia  | <1880  | AM from RHS in 1896. Flesh soft, white, juicy, sweet, aromatic.  | Eating  | PickE mid-August. Use August–September
Carlisle Codlin[7][13] |  | England  | <1830  | Yellow apple with no overcolour. Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Stalk very short. Flesh, white, tender juicy, subacid.  | Cooking  | PickE early September; use October–November
Carlough[27] |  | New York, US  | <1899  | Flesh whitish, tender, juicy, subacid, good.  | Eating  | Use November–April
Carlton[11] |  | Geneva, New York, US  | Introduced 1923  | P Montgomery x Red Astrachan. Ripens 1 month later than Red Astrachan. Flesh white, tender, juicy, subacid. Tree vigorous, annual bearer.  |  | PickE late August. Use August–October.
Carola (a.k.a. Kalco)[4][8] |  | Germany  | 1962  | Width 74–85 mm (2.9–3.3 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in), weight 135–220 g (4.8–7.8 oz). Stalk 5–20 mm (0.20–0.79 in). Cold Storage 2oC 90 days. Density 0.79  | Cooking, eating  | PickE mid-September; use September–December.
Carolina Red June[57][27][9][10] (a.k.a. Red June, Georgia June)  |  | Tennessee, US  | c. 1810 | Very popular Civil War-era Southern apple. Flesh juicy, brisk, subacid. Does beautifully in humid weather. Good choice for backyard gardener in subtropical climate, though hardy as far north as zone 5.  | Cooking, Eating  | Pick late July–early August; use August–October
Carpentin Reinette (a.k.a. Carpentin)[28] |  | France or Germany  | <1800  | Gelb with red stripes. Width 59 mm (2.3 in), height 44 mm (1.7 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in).  | Cooking.  | Use December–March
Carroll[73] |  | Manitoba, Canada  | Selected 1947, introduced 1961.  | Resembles a highly colored Melba. Tree dwarfish to medium, winter-hardy.  | Eating  | Pick late August–early September.
Carswell's Orange[7] |  | Surrey, England  | 1938  | A yellow apple with red flush (25–75%). P Cox Orange x unknown. Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Stalk medium. Flesh white, juicy, aromatic.  | Eating  | Pick mid-September; use September–November
Carter's Blue  |  | Alabama, US  | 1840s  | Medium to large, roundish oblate; skin green or greenish yellow washed with dull red with darker red broken tripes, covered with a heavy bluish bloom. Crisp, juicy, sugary, aromatic, mild subacid. Foliage also has a blue hue. Once widely grown in the American South, then thought extinct. Reintroduced to America in 1994 after being discovered at the National Fruit Trust in Kent, England, where it had been added in 1947 from a collection in Rhone, France, after it had been acquired around 1860 from the Fruitland Nursery in Augusta, Georgia.[74] | Eating, cooking  | PickE early October. Use October–February.
Carver (a.k.a. White Carver)[9] |  | Pa. US  | <1875  | Stalk short. Flesh yellow, juicy, tender, vinous, subacid. Tree productive.  | Eating  | Use August
Catline (a.k.a. Gregson Apple)[9] |  | Maryland, US  | <1875  | Below medium size. Flesh tender, juicy, sweet. Tree slow growth.  | Eating  | Use October–December
Catshead[7][13] |  | England  | <1700  | Sharp flavor. Lumpy shape and electric green coloring. Width and height 86 mm (3.4 in). Stalk short. Cells ovate, abaxile. Known to have been a variety planted in early Virginia by settlers as well as native England. Extremely rare in native United Kingdom; occasionally still found growing in southern United States.  | Cooking  | PickE early October. Use October–January.
Cauley[11] |  | Mississippi, US  | Introduced 1942  | P unknown. A large apple. Flesh yellow, crisp, juicy. Tree yields heavily.  | Cooking, jelly  |
Celestia[10] |  | Ohio, US  | <1850  | Width 83 mm (3.3 in), height 75 mm (3.0 in). Stalk 21 mm (0.83 in). Flesh subacid, sprightly, spicy, aromatic.  | Cooking, eating  | Use September
Cellini (fr. Cellini, de. Cellini, ru. Cellini)[7][24][29][25][15][35][13][28][17] |  | England  | <1843  | Width 70–86 mm (2.8–3.4 in), height 56–74 mm (2.2–2.9 in). Stalk 10–20 mm (0.39–0.79 in). Cells round to obovate, axile, open. Flesh; white, soft, subacid.  | Eating, cooking  | PickE mid–late September; use October–December
Chailleux[28][34] |  | Bretagne, France  | <1870  | Width 66–85 mm, height 54–72 mm. Stalk 10mm. Flesh yellowish-white, juicy, subacid.  | Eating, cooking, juice  | Use November - January
Champagnerrenette (see Reinette de Champagne)
Champion (a.k.a. Shampion, Sampion)[4][8] |  | Czechoslovakia | c. 1960, introduced 1976  | A greenish yellow apple with red flush. Width 72 mm (2.8 in), height 65 mm (2.6 in). Weight 180 g (6.3 oz). Stalk 40 mm (1.6 in). P Golden Delicious x Cox Orange Pippin. Attractive color. This tree bears attractive fruit, extra-large sized, deep Flesh; creamy white, juicy, and subacid. Keeps fresh for a long time. Starts bearing at a young age. Cold storage 2oC 120 days. VitC 8.  | Eating  | PickG early to mid-October. Use October–February.
Champlain[27] |  | US  | < | A grennish yellow apple. Width 83 mm (3.3 in), height 75 mm (3.0 in). Stalk 21 mm (0.83 in). Flesh white, very tender, juicy, subacid. Quality: eating good, cooking excellent.  | Eating, cooking  | Use August–October
Charden[4][8] |  | France  |  | Width 80 mm, height 65 mm. Parentage Golden Delicious x Reinette Clochard. Flesh; subacid. Cold storgage 1oC 150 days. TRI  | Cooking, eating  | PickG October. Use November–March.
Charlamoff[26][27] |  | Russia  | <1880  | Yellow with red flush. Tree small. Flesh white, coarse, juicy, subacid, good.  | Eating  | Pick August; use August
Charlamowsky (see Duchess of Oldenburg)  |  |  |  |  |  |
Charles Eyre[7] |  | Berkshire, England  | Introduced 1911  | A greenish-yellow apple. Width 102 mm (4.0 in), height 90 mm (3.5 in). Stalk short. Flesh white, soft, dry, acid.  | Cooking, pie  | PickE mid-September; use September–November
Charles Ross[7][14]agm[75][31][8] |  | Berkshire, England  | 1890s  | FCC from RHS in 1899. Orange to red. Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). Best cooked early in season. Good flavor, and sweet when eaten later in season. Cold storage 3oC 90 days.  | Multi-purpose  | PickE mid-September; use October–December
Chataigner(a.k.a. Martrange, Maltranche Rouge)[33][28][34] |  | Normandie, France  | <1400  | A green apple with russet and red overcolor (50-70%). Width 72–74 mm (2.8–2.9 in), height 55–67 mm (2.2–2.6 in). Stalk 7–13 mm (0.28–0.51 in). One of the oldest apple varieties in the world.  | Cooking, eating, cider.  | PickE late October. Use December–April.
Chaxhill Red[13] |  | Gloucestershire, England  | >1873  | A roundish oblate red apple. Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 52 mm (2.0 in). Stalk short and stout. Cells roundish obovate, axile, open. Flesh tender, subacid.  | Eating, cider  |
Cheddar Cross[7][76] |  | Long Ashton, England  | Raised 1916, selected 1946, introduced 1949.  | Green apple with red flush. Width 60 mm (2.4 in), height 50 mm (2.0 in). P: Allington Pippin x Star of Devon. Flesh yellow, juicy, sharp.  | Eating  | PickE late August. Use August–September.
Cheese[9] |  | Pa. US  | <1870  | Flesh white, tender, subacid. Good. Tree vigorous, bears annually.  | Eating  | Use November–February
Cheeseborough[10] |  | US  | <1840  | One of the largest and one of the poorest of the russet apples. Flesh dry, subacid, sweet.  | Cooking  | Use November–December
Chelmsford Wonder[7][77][14][78] |  | Essex, England  | c. 1870 | A large long keeping yellow-skinned apple with diffuse orange pink flush. FCC from RHS in 1891. Width 75–81 mm (3.0–3.2 in), height 61–68 mm (2.4–2.7 in). Stalk: short and stout. Still grown in Essex orchards including Lathcoats Farm Shop. Flesh; creamy white, firm, tough, fine-textured, juicy, subacid. P Dumelow x ?  | Cooking  | PickE early October; use November–February
Chenango[9](a.k.a. Chenango Strawberry)[26][27] |  | N.Y. US  | <1850  | Width 72 mm (2.8 in), height 72 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 14 mm (0.55 in). Flesh white, firm, tender, juicy, mild subacid, aromatic, good to very good. Too soft to ship well. Aggressive grower, overbears.[79] | Eating  | Pick45 August 14. PickE early September. Use September–October
Chester (a.k.a. Chester Redstreak)[9] |  | Pennsylvania, US  | <1850  | Medium size. Flesh white, tender, juicy, subacid, aromatic.  | Eating  | Use November–December
Chestnut[11][80] |  | Minnesota, US  | Introduced 1946  | P Wealthy x unknown. Flesh nutlike flavor. Tree vigorous, productive.  |  |
Chieftain[8] |  | Iowa, US  | Raised 1917, introduced 1967  | Width 65–80 mm, height 65–75 mm. Stalk 18–35 mm. Flesh white, firm, crisp, juicy, sweet. Cold storage 3-4oC 120 days.  |  |
Chiver's Delight[31][7] |  | Histon, Cambridgeshire, England  | 1920s  | Medium to large oblate apple. Red flush over greenish yellow skin. Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 59 mm (2.3 in). Stalk long. Flesh; creamy white, firm, fine-textured, juicy, sweet. Flavor can be variable but at its best is very well balanced. Grown by Chivers (now a brand of Premier Foods) for apple sauce.  | Multi-purpose  | Picke mid-October. Use November–January.
Chorister Boy[7] |  | Wiltshire, England  | <1890  | A yellow apple with red flush. Width 66 mm (2.6 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk medium. Flesh white, juicy, subacid. Particularly attractive blossom.  | Eating  | PickE late September–early October; use November–December
Christmas Pearmain[7] |  | England  | 1893  | A yellow apple with red flush (50–75%). Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk short. Flesh yellow, crisp, subacid, aromatic.  | Eating  | PickE early October. Use November–January
Cissy (see Tamplin)
Citron d'Hiver (see Winter Zitronenapfel)
Clarke (a.k.a. Clarke Beauty)[27] |  | New York, US  | <1900  | Flesh tender, juicy, subacid.  | Eating  | Use October–January
Claygate Pearmain [7][14] [31][13] |  | Surrey, England  | <1821  | Suitable for northerly, cold, wet climates: rich, nutty flavor. FCC from RHS in 1921. Width 67–70 mm (2.6–2.8 in), height 59–67 mm (2.3–2.6 in). Stalk 10–18 mm (0.39–0.71 in). Flesh, crisp, greamy white tinged green, subacid, aromatic. Cells obovate to elliptical, axile. TRI  | Eating  | PickE early October; use December–February
Clayton[10] |  | Indiana, US  | <1850  | Width 84 mm (3.3 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 14 mm (0.55 in). Flesh yellow, subacid.  | Cooking  | Use November–March
Cleopatra (see Ortley)
Clivia[4][8] |  | East Germany | 1964  | Geheimrat Dr. Oldenburg x Cox's Orange Pippin. Width 64–80 mm (2.5–3.1 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in), weight 100–183 g (3.5–6.5 oz). Stalk 15–30 mm (0.59–1.18 in).Cold storage 2oC 120 days.  | Eating  | PickE late September. PickG mid-October. Use October–April
Close[7][25] |  | Virginia, US  | Selected 1928, Introduced 1938  | A greenish-yellow apple with red stripes. Width 65–75 mm (2.6–3.0 in), height 67–72 mm (2.6–2.8 in), TRI  | Eating  | PickE early August; use August.
Cludius Herbstapfel[81] |  | Germany  | <1860  | A green apple. Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). Flesh juicy, subacid.  | Eating  | PickE mid-September; use September–October.
Cockle Pippin(a.k.a Nutmeg Pippin, de. Hahnen Pepping)[7][13][28] |  | Surrey, England  | c. 1800 | A greenish yellow apple. Width 62 mm (2.4 in), height 59 mm (2.3 in). Stalk medium. Cells elliptical, axile, open. Flesh, firm, white, dry, sweet.  | Eating  | PickE early–mid-October; use December–March.
Coffelt[27] |  | US  |  | Flesh whitish, firm, tender, juicy, subacid, good.  | Eating  | Use January–May
Cogswell (a.k.a. Cogswell Pearmain)[9] |  | Connecticut, US  | c. 1755 | Width 84 mm (3.3 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Flesh yellow, juicy, subacid, aromatic. Very good to best.  | Eating  | Use December–March
Collamer[26][27] |  | New York, US  | c. 1895 | A sport of Twenty Ounce. Width 105 mm (4.1 in), height 95 mm (3.7 in). Stalk 17 mm (0.67 in).  |  |
Collins[27] (a.k.a. Apple of Commerce)  |  | Fayetteville, Arkansas, US  | 1885  | Width 78 mm (3.1 in), height 59 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 19 mm (0.75 in). Flesh white, crisp, firm, subacid, fair to good. Tree vigorous.  | Eating  | PickE late October. Use January–June
Colora Red York[11] (a.k.a. Red York Imperial)  |  | Colora, Cecil County, Maryland  | Discovered 1933. Introduced 1935.  | A bright red apple. Bud mutation of York Imperial. Assigned to Bountiful Ridge Nurseries, Maryland.  |  |
Colton[27] |  | Massachusetts, US  | c. 1840 | A yellow apple. Flesh juicy, mild subacid.  | Eating  | Use August
Colvert[10] |  | US  | <1850  | A large apple. Flesh white, juicy, subacid.  | Eating  | Use October–November
Conard[11] |  | Missouri, US  | Introduced 1935  | P Ben Davis x Jonathan. Ripens one week after Jonathan. Tree vigorous, resistant to disease.  | Eating  |
Connel Red Fireside[82] |  | Wisconsin, US  | Discovered 1949, Introduced 1957  | Bud mutation of Fireside. Fruit red, large. Tree very hardy, productive.  |
Constantine[26][27] |  | Europe  | <1873  | Constantine is very similar to Alexander, but ripens later and keeps longer. Width 91 mm (3.6 in), height 69 mm (2.7 in). Stalk 23 mm (0.91 in). Flesh, white, firm, coarse, tender, juicy, subacid, fair to good.  | Eating  | Use September–November
Cook's Favorite[10] |  | US  | <1850  | Flesh yellow, subacid. Stalk long.  | Cooking  | Use September
Cooper[10][9][27] |  | Connecticut, US  | <1796  | Width 86 mm (3.4 in), height 65 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 18 mm (0.71 in). Flesh juicy, subacid, vinous, sweet. Good.  | Eating  | Use October–December
Cooper Early White[9] |  | Possibly Illinois, US  | <1870  | Flesh white, crisp.  | Eating  | Use September–October
Cooper Market[9][27][83] |  | Possibly New Jersey, US  | <1804  | Width 66 mm, height 59 mm. Flesh white, tender, subacid, fair to good. Tree vigorous.  | Eating  | Use December–May
Cornell Fancy[9] |  | Pennsylvania, US  | <1870  | Stalk medium. Flesh white, tender, crisp, juicy, subacid. Very good. Tree vigorous.  | Eating  |
Cornish Aromatic[7][31][13] |  | Cornwall, England  | very old  | Large yellow. High-quality dessert apple. Width 64–77 mm (2.5–3.0 in), height 58–69 mm (2.3–2.7 in). Stalk 18–21 mm (0.71–0.83 in). Cells obovate, axile. Flesh yellowish, firm, crisp, juicy, highly aromatic.  | Eating  | PickE mid-October; use December–March
Cornish Gilliflower[7][31][13][58] |  | Cornwall, England  | Introduced 1813  | Discovered as accidental seedling. Shy bearer. Width 68–70 mm (2.7–2.8 in), height 68–70 mm (2.7–2.8 in). Stalk 18 mm (0.71 in). Cells roundish obovate, axile or abaxile. Partial tip bearer. Flesh yellow, aromatic, sweet. Particularly attractive blossom.  | Eating  | PickE mid-October; use November–March
Coronation[7] |  | Sussex, England  | 1902  | A yellow apple with red flush (50–75%). Width 81 mm (3.2 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Stalk long. AM from RHS in 1902. Flesh white, soft, dry, sweet.  | Cooking, eating  | Pick mid-September; use September–December
Cortland[7][25][26][8] |  | Geneva, New York, US  | 1899\. Introduced 1915.  | Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 57–62 mm (2.2–2.4 in). Classic red coloration, nice crunch. Flesh; white, juicy, crisp. P Ben Davis x McIntosh. Tree early and annual bearer, very hardy. Cold storage 3oC 90 days.  | Eating  | Pick45 September 15. Pick55 September 1.
Coryphée[84] |  | Sint-Truiden, Belgium  | 2013  | Parentage Rubinstep x Nicoter.  | eating  | Pick early to mid September.
Cosmic Crisp[67] |  | Washington, United States  | Cross made 1997. Became available commercially in 2019.  | Width 84 mm (3.3 in), height 79 mm (3.1 in). Stalk 26 mm (1.0 in). Weight 290–300 g (10–11 oz). P Enterprise x Honeycrisp. Flesh: crisp, firm, juicy. SS 12.9–14.6, TA 0.60–0.83.  | Eating  | Ripens four weeks after Gala.
Cottenham Seedling[7] |  | Cambridgeshire, England  | <1923  | P Dumelow x unknown. Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk short to medium. Flesh white, firm, juicy, acid.  | Cooking  | PickE late September–early October; use November–March
Coulon's Reinette see Reinette Coulon
Court of Wick[13] |  | England  | <1790  | A green apple with red overcolor (0-20%). Width 61 mm, height 54 mm. Stalk 13 mm. Cells roundish elliptical, axile. Flesh yellow, tender, crisp, juicy.  | Eating  | Pick October. Use October - March.
Court Pendu Plat (fr. Court Pendu Rouge)[7][31][32][16] |  | France  | 1613  | Extremely old variety, may date from as early as Roman times. Width 61–67 mm (2.4–2.6 in), height 45 mm (1.8 in). Stalk 8–10 mm (0.31–0.39 in). Popular during the Victorian era. Yellow to light green, flushed with red (0–75%). Particularly attractive blossom.  | Eating, cooking, baking, drying, juice.  | PickE mid-October; use December–April
Cowan's Seedling[13] |  | England  |  | A small apple, yellow with red flush. Stalk very short. Cells obovate, abaxile. Flesh juicy, sweet, pleasant flavour.  | Eating  | Use October
Cowarne Quoining[13] |  | Herefordshire, England  | 1826  | Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 65 mm (2.6 in). Stalk short and slender. Cells large, symmetrical, obovate, axile, open. Flesh juicy, sweet and of good flavour.  | Eating  | Use January–March
Cox's Orange Pippin (cs. Coxova reneta, fr. Orange de Cox, pl. Koksa Pomaranczowa, ru. Renet Coxa)[7][31][4][27][33][16][34][13][17][8] |  | England  | 1829  | One of the most celebrated apples in the United Kingdom, valued for its aromatic "orange" color and flavor. Width 60–89 mm (2.4–3.5 in), height 48–81 mm (1.9–3.2 in), weight 85–100 g (3.0–3.5 oz). Stalk 10–14 mm (0.39–0.55 in).Cells obovate, axile, slit. The fruit is widely sold commercially. Mainly grown in United Kingdom, Belgium and the Netherlands but also grown for export in New Zealand. Cold storage 3oC 120 days. VitC 5–11. Density 0.85  | Eating  | Pick45 September 12. PickE late September. PickG late September–mid-October. Pickg September 15–30. Use October–February
Cox Pomona (a.k.a. Pomona) [7][13][27][15][4][39] |  | Buckinghamshire, England  | c. 1825 | A large five crowned apple. Width 82–88 mm (3.2–3.5 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 14 mm (0.55 in). Cells obovate, axile. Raised by Richard Cox. Parentage Alexander x unknown. Mainly grown in Denmark and Sweden. VitC 12.  | Eating, cooking  | PickE mid–late September. PickG mid-September. Use October–December.
Cranberry Pippin[10][27] |  | New York, US  | <1840  | Large yellow apple with red flush. Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 62–68 mm (2.4–2.7 in). Stalk 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in). Flesh white, juicy, subacid.  | Cooking  | Use November–February
Crandall[85] |  | Urbana, Illinois, US  | Cross made 1914. Selected 1925. Introduced 1952  | A red apple. Parentage Rome Beauty x Jonathan.  | Eating, Cooking  | Pick before Winesap. Use February - April.
Crawford (a.k.a. Crawford Keeper)[10] |  | US  | <1850  | Flesh yellow, tender, juicy, subacid.  | Eating  | Use February–April
Crawley Beauty[7][31][86] |  | England or France  | <1870, introduced 1906.  | A pale green cooking apple. Width 58 mm (2.3 in), height 45 mm (1.8 in). Stalk 15–20 mm (0.59–0.79 in). At maturity yellow with orange-red flush. Award of Merit from Royal Horticultural Society in 1912.  | Cooking  | PickE mid-October; use December–March
Creek[9] |  | Pennsylvania, US  | <1870  | Flesh white, tender, juicy, subacid. Very good. Tree vigorous.  | Eating  | Use December–March.
Crimson Beauty (a.k.a. Early Red Bird)[6] |  | Canada  | 1850-1880s  | Flushed and striped with red. Width 64mm. Height 51 mm. Stalk 20 mm. Flesh subacid, soft, juicy, raspberry flower. Tree vigorous.  | Eating  | PickE early August. Use August.
Crimson Beauty of Bath[87] |  |  |  | Sport of Beauty of Bath  | Eating  | PickE early August.
Crimson Bramley |  | Nottinghamshire, England  | 1913  | A red mutation(sport) of Bramley.  | Cooking
Crimson Cox[88] |  | Herefordshire, England  | Discovered 1913, Introduced 1928  | Mutation of Cox Orange Pippin. Skin covered with crimson.  | Eating  |
Crimson Crisp(a.k.a. Co-op 39)[89] |  | New Jersey, US  | Cross made 1971  | A greenish-yellow apple with red-purple overcolor (95–100%). Flesh crisp, juicy, subacid. SS 13.5–16.5, TA 0.63, D 76. Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in).  | Eating  | Pick45 September 15. Pick55 September 5. Use October–December.
Crimson Delight |  | Washington, United States  |  | Crimson Delight is a multi-purpose apple intended for snacking, baking and fresh recipes. The fruit size is medium to large with a firm texture and is crisp and juicy.  | Eating, baking  |
Crimson Gold[90] |  | Czech Republic  | 1944  | A golf ball-sized applecrab hybrid developed by Albert Etter who named it Little Rosybloom for its cute size and attractive ruby red flush. He died before completing the patent papers. Fruit was later rediscovered and renamed. Very crispy and keeps texture in baking.  | Eating, baking  | Pick45 September 27.
Crimson Newton Wonder[6] |  | Holywell, Hertfordshire, England  | 1921  | A more highly coloured sport of Newton Wonder.  | Eating, Cooking  | PickE mid-October. Use November - March
Crimson Pippin synonym of Detroit Red
Crimson Pippin synonym of Scarlet Pippin
Crimson Queening[7][13] |  | England  | <1831  | A greenish-yellow apple flushed (50–75%) crimson. Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 73 mm (2.9 in). Stalk variable. Cells roundish obovate, axile. Flesh greenish white, soft, sweet, juicy, subacid.  | Cooking  | PickE early September; use September–October
Crimson Superb[87] |  | Yorkshire, England  | <1950  | Sport of Laxton's Superb  | Eating  | PickE early October
Crimson Topaz see Topaz
Cripps Pink ('Pink Lady')[91][67][43] |  | Australia  | 1973, selected 1979, introduced 1989  | Flesh firm, crisp, very sweet and slightly tart. Light red, pink and light yellow-green striped skin. Width 70–75 mm (2.8–3.0 in). Weight 197 g (6.9 oz). SS 12.5–16.0, TA 0.71–0.91  | Cooking, eating  | Pick45 October 21. Pick55 October 10.
Cripps Red |  | Australia  | 1973  |  |  |
Crispin (see Mutsu)  |  |  |  |  |  |
Criterion  |  | New York  | 1898  | One of parents believed to be Ben Davis, but very tart unlike parent. Dark red skin underlain with stripes.  | Cooking, eating  |
Croncels (cs. Croncelské, fr. Transparente de Croncels, pl. Kronselska, ru. Prozracinoe Kronseliskoe)[4][33][16][92][17][8] |  | Crocels, France  | Introduced 1869  | Round oblong. Pale milky yellow with occasional slight flush. Flesh pale yellow, tender, very juicy, subacid. Width 80–85 mm (3.1–3.3 in), height 67–73 mm (2.6–2.9 in). Weight 195 g (6.9 oz). Stalk 17 mm (0.67 in). Cold storage 4oC 60 days. VitC 26. Density 0.72  | Eating  | PickG late August–mid-September. Use September–October
Cullasaga[10] |  | North Carolina, US  | <1858  | Flesh yellow, tender, juicy, sweet flavor.  | Eating  | Use January–April
Curl Tail[7][13] |  | England  | <1872  | A yellow apple. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in). Stalk short. Cells obovate, abaxile. Flesh is white, soft, dry, subacid.  | Cooking  | PickE mid-September; use October–December.
Cutler Grieve[6] |  | Edinburgh, Scotland  | Introduced 1912  | Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Flesh is white, firm, strawberry flavour. Tree is weak.  | Eating  | PickE mid-September. Use October–November.

### D

[edit]

Common name  | Image  | Origin  | First developed  | Comment  | Use  | Pick/Use period

|
|
|
|
|
|

Dakota Beauty[11] |  | South Dakota, US  | Introduced 1944  |  |  |
Damasonrenette see Reinette de Mâcon  |
Daniel[10][9] |  | Indiana, US  | <1850  | A delightful dessert apple. Flesh white, fine grained, tender, juicy, subacid, aromatic.  | Eating  | Use August - September
Danziger Kantapfel(cs. Hranàč gdanský, fr. Calville de Danzig, pl. Kantowka gdanska, ru. Danțigskoe rebristoe)[24][17] |  | Germany  | <1760  | A yellow apple with red overcolour. Width 63–78 mm (2.5–3.1 in), height 58–63 mm (2.3–2.5 in) Weight 118 g. Flesh yellowish white, subacid, slightly aromatic.  | Cooking, eating  | Pick October; use October–December
D'Arcy Spice agm[93][31][13][14] |  | Tolleshunt D'Arcy, Essex, England  | 1785  | A medium-sized apple with yellow-green skin, a red blush where exposed to the sun and covered with a spotty ochre russet. Cells rounish obovate, axile, open. White flesh is aromatic, firm and crisp with noticeable hints of anise and clove. Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 58–61 mm (2.3–2.4 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). P Reinette Franche x ?  | Eating  | PickE late October; use December–April
Davey[11] |  | Massachusetts, US  | Introduced 1950  | P McIntosh x unknown. Tree bears earlier and more regularly than Baldwin, resistant to scab.  | Eating  |
Dayton(a.k.a. Co-op 21)[94][43] |  | Urbana, Illinois, US  | Cross made 1967. Selected 1976, introduced 1988  | A roundish to oblate apple, with red overcolor (up to 90%). Flesh: fine grained, firm, cisp, very good, subacid, 13,3% soluble solids, 0.3% titrable acid. Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 65 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 18–21 mm (0.71–0.83 in). P N.J. 123249 x PRI 1235–000. Maturity 4 weeks before Delicious.  | Eating  | Pick55 August 12.
Dazzle[84] |  | Hastings, New Zealand  | cross made 1997  | Width 69 mm. A yellow-green apple with 95% red to orange overcolor. Susceptible to scab and powdery mildew.  | Eating  | ripens midseason.
Deacon Jones[26][27] |  | Pennsylvania, US  | <1890  | Large oblong-conic, ribbed. Yellow with red flush. Tree vigorous. Flesh yellow, firm, coarse, crisp, tender, juicy, mild subacid, aromatic, fair to good.  | Eating  | Use November–March
Dean's Codlin[28][13] |  | Possibly England  | <1844  | A large apple. Width 91 mm (3.6 in), height 74 mm (2.9 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Cells elliptical, abaxile, wide open. Flesh yellowish, tender.  | Cooking  | Use December–March
De Jaune (see Jaune)
Delawine[11] |  | Ohio, US  | Introduced 1948  | P Delicious x Stayman Winesap. Flesh juicy and flavor of Stayman Winesap. Tree strong grower.  |  |
Delblush[6] |  | France  | 1979  | Tentation delblush, Golden Delicious × Grifer  | Eating  |
Delcon[11] |  | Missouri, US  | Introduced 1948.  | P Conrad x Deliciious. Tree dwarf tendency, heavy producer.  | Eating  |
Delcorf (a.k.a. Delbarestivale)[95][8] |  | France  | 1960  | Parentage Golden Delicious × Stark Jonagrimes. Cold storage 3oC 50 days.  | Eating  | PickE early September. Use September–October.
Delfloga  |  | France  | 2008  | Delbardivine delfloga, Royal Gala Tenroy × Florina, scab resistant  | Eating  |
Delflopion  |  | Delbard, France  |  | Sampion × Florina, scab resistant  | Eating  |
Delgollune(a.k.a. Delbard Jubilée)[6] |  | France  | 1960s  | Width 75 mm, height 70–80 mm. Stalk 20 mm. Parentage Golden Delicious x Lundbytorp. Flesh white, crisp, juicy, aromatic, subacid.  | Eating, Cooking  | PickE mid to late October. Use November - February.
Delrouval  |  | France  | 1995  | Cybèle delrouval, Delcorf × Akane  | Eating  |
Deltana  |  | France  | 2010  | Delbard Celeste deltana, (Golden Delicious × Grive Rouge) × Florina, scab resistant  | Eating  |
Democrat 1.(a.k.a. Varick)[9][27] |  | New York, US  | <1869  | A yellow apple striped and splashed with red. Width 77 mm (3.0 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk slender,24 mm (0.94 in). Flesh juicy, subacid, very good. Tree is good grower and a great bearer.  | Eating  | Use December–March
Democrat 2.[8] |  | Tasmania, Australia  | c. 1900 | Width 57 mm, height 45 mm. Dark red flush. Flesh: crisp, sweet, juicy. Cold storage 0oC 150 days.  |  | PickE late October. Use January–March.
Detroit Red (a.k.a. Detroit)[9][27] |  | Possibly the US  | <1820  | Flesh, white, crisp, juicy, subacid. Width 84 mm (3.3 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). Good.  | Eating  | Use October–February
Deutsher Goldpepping (a.k.a. Pomme d'Or d'Allemange)[28] |  | Germany  | <1833  | A yellow apple. Width 59 mm (2.3 in), height 47 mm (1.9 in). Stalk 14 mm (0.55 in).  | Eating, cooking  | Use January–April
Devonshire Quarreden[7][31][58] |  | England, possibly France  | 1685 (documented)  | Possible French parentage or ancestry. Crimson red peel. Juicy. Width 51–64 mm (2.0–2.5 in), height 38–48 mm (1.5–1.9 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Cells ovate, axile, split. Flesh greenish-white, crisp, juicy, sweet. Tree heavy cropper on warm soil.  | Eating  | PickE mid–late August; use late August–early September
Dewdney's Seedling[7] |  | Lincolnshire, England  | c. 1850 | Large, irregular, late cooking apple. Flesh juicy, acid. Width 95 mm (3.7 in), height 80 mm (3.1 in). Stalk very short.  | Cooking  | PickE late August–early September; use October–January
Diamond Jubilee[14] |  | Kent, England  | <1901  | A yellow apple. AM from RHS in 1901. Flesh firm, white, good.  | Eating, cooking  | PickE mid-October. Use January–March
Dietzer Gold-Reinette(a.k.a. Reinette de Dietz)[28][34] |  | Germany  | <1820  | Width 56–67 mm, height 50–54 mm. Stalk 12 mm. Flesh juicy, aromatic, subacid.  | Eating, cooking  | Use January - April.
Dijkmanszoet[16] |  |  |  | A yellow to green apple with red stripes. Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). Stalk 18 mm (0.71 in).  | Cooking  | Use November–April
Discovery agm[96][31][4][8] |  | Essex, England  | 1949\. Introduced 1949.  | P Worcester × Beauty of Bath. Width 66 mm (2.6 in), height 48 mm (1.9 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). Sharp, sweet flavour. Fruits are sold commercially in the United Kingdom. Cold storage 4oC 30 days.  | Eating  | PickE mid–late August. PickG mid-August. Pickg August 15–30. Use mid-August–mid-September
Diwa (see Junami)
Doctor[9][27] |  | Pennsylvania, US  | <1817  | Flesh tender, juicy, aromatic, subacid. Good.  | Eating  | Use October–January
Doctor Hogg[13] |  | England  | <1878  | A golden yellow apple striped with crimson. Width 83 mm, height 74 mm. Cells obovate, abaxile. Flesh white, tender, juicy. FCC from RHS in 1878.  | Cooking (Eating)  | Pick early September. Use November - February.
Domine[27] |  | US  | <1831  | Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 29 mm (1.1 in). Flesh exceedingly tender and juicy.  | Eating  | Use December–April
Domino[14][13] |  | Possibly Nottinghamshire, England  | <1883  | Oblong, rounded, irregular. Pale yellowish green. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk short. Cells elliptical, abaxile. Flesh crisp, acid.  | Cooking  | PickE mid August. Use August–September.
Domnesc (a.k.a. Pomme de Moldavie, Herrenapfel, ru. Domneşti)[19][17] |  | Moldova  | <1800  | Width 100 mm (3.9 in), height 70–80 mm (2.8–3.1 in), weight 170–210 mm (6.7–8.3 in). Flesh, juicy, sweet sour.  | Eating  | PickG September. PickE mid-October. Use October–January.
Dorsett Golden[18] |  | Bahamas  | 1964  | Grown from chance seedling of Golden Delicious. Yellow with red flush (10–40%). Flesh sweet, subacid, good. Tree vigorous. One of the most southerly apples grown in North America.  | Eating  | PickE mid-October. Use December–January.
Double Red Baldwin[11] |  | New Hampshire  | Discovered 1924. Introduced 1927.  | Mutation of Baldwin. Darker red than Baldwin  | Eating  |
Double Red Delicious (see Starking)  |  |  |  |  |  |
Double Red Duchess (see Red Duchess)  |  |  |  |  |  |
Double Red McIntosh (see McIntosh Rogers)  |  |  |  |  |  |
Double Red Rome Beauty[11] |  | Washington, US  | Discovered 1925, Introduced 1927  | Mutation of Rome Beauty.  | Eating  |
Double Red Wealthy[11] |  | New York, US  | Discovered 1933, Introduced 1940  | Dark red mutation of Wealthy.  | Eating  |
Double Red Willow Twig[11] |  | Illinois, US  | Discovered 1927, Introduced 1929.  | Dark red mutation of Willow Twig  | Eating  |
Dougherty/Red Dougherty |  | Australia, New Zealand  | 1930  | Red Dougherty is a recent mutation discovered in New Zealand from the old Australian Dougherty.  | Eating  |
Doux d'Argent[33][34] |  | Anjou, France  | <1839  | A yellow to green apple. Width 78–92 mm (3.1–3.6 in), height 58–72 mm (2.3–2.8 in). Stalk 5–10 mm (0.20–0.39 in).  |  | Use December–January.
Downton Pippin(a.k.a. Elton Pippin, Downton Golden Pippin, Elton Golden Pippin, Knights's Golden Pippin)[12][13][58] |  | Herefordshire, England  | 1806  | A dessert apple of first-rate quality. Width 54 mm (2.1 in), height 44 mm (1.7 in). Cells obovate, axile, slit. Parentage: Orange Pippin x Golden Pippin. Flesh yellowish white, firm, crisp, juicy, aromatic.  | Eating  | PickE mid-September. Use November–January
Drakenstein[18] |  | South Africa  | Introduced 1981  | Round, bright red. P (Wemmershoek x Granny Smith) x Richared Delicious. Tree vigorous.  | Eating  |
Dr. Seelig's Oranje Reinette[16] |  | Kiel, Germany  |  | A yellow to green apple with no overcolor. Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 18 mm (0.71 in).  |  | Use November–January
Dubbele Bellefleur[39] |  | ?  | <1760  | A green apple striped with red. Width 74–79 mm, height 55–60 mm. Stalk short.  |  | Pick October. Use October–November.
Duchess of Bedford[6] |  | Bedford, England  | <1918  | Parentage Cellini x Beauty of Bath. Width 66 mm, height 54 mm. Flesh white, soft, aniseed flavour.  | Eating  | PickE mid August. Use August–September.
Duchess of Oldenburg (a.k.a. cs. Charlamowski, de. Charlamowsky, fr Borowinka, Borowitsky, Borowicki, pl. Charlamowska)[7][24][33][16][13][26][28][17] |  | Russia  | <1824  | Has red stripes with splashes of green. Excellent resistance to freezing temperatures. Stalk 8–20 mm (0.31–0.79 in). Width 69–89 mm (2.7–3.5 in), height 57–73 mm (2.2–2.9 in). Weight 144 gram. Cells ovate, axile.  | Cooking, eating  | Pick45 August 14. Pick55 July 25. Use September–March
Duchess's Favourite[31][13] |  | Surrey, England  | c. 1800 | A yellow apple with red flush. Width 58 mm (2.3 in), height 61 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). Cells roundish obovate, axile, open. Flesh yellowish white, tender, juicy, subacid. Tree rather slow in bearing, but then a heavy cropper.  | Eating  | Pick late August; use August–September
Dudley Winter (a.k.a. Dudley)[27] |  | Castle Hill, Maine, US  | 19th century  | A medium-sized oblate apple with greenish-yellow skin covered with red stripes over a solid red blush. Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). Flesh is firm but tender, juicy, aromatic and quite tart, becoming milder as it ages. Good for fresh eating and cooking; rated by many as one of the best for apple pies and sauces. Tree is a natural semi-dwarf, very hardy and bears heavily annually.  | Cooking, eating  |
Dukat[8] |  | Czechoslovakia  | 1965  | Width 73–80 mm, height 60–68 mm. Stalk 25 mm. Parentage Golden Delicious x Cox Orange. Cold storage 3oC 60 days.  |  |
Duke of Devonshire[7][31][28] |  | Lancashire, England  | Raised 1835. Introduced 1875  | Dessert apple, resistant to scab and canker. Width 61–69 mm (2.4–2.7 in), height 54–56 mm (2.1–2.2 in). Stalk 5 mm (0.20 in).  | Eating  | PickE early October; use January–March
Dülmener(aka Dülmener Rosenapfel, Dülmener Herbstrosenapfel)[4][97][8] |  | Germany  | 1870  | Width 83 mm (3.3 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in), weight 195 mm (7.7 in). Stalk 10–16 mm (0.39–0.63 in).Cold storage 3oC 90 days. VitC 6. Density 0.81  | Cooking, eating  | PickE mid-September. PickG mid–late September; use September–December
Dummellor's Seedling(a.k.a. Dumelow's Seedling) agm[98][99][31][13] |  | Shackerstone, Leicestershire, England  | <1800  | Roundish-oblate apple with pale greenish-yellow skin strewn with large russet dots, occasionally covered with a delicate pinkish-orange blush. Width 77 mm (3.0 in), height 61 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 11–14 mm (0.43–0.55 in). Cells obovate, axile to abaxile. Flesh yellow-tinted white flesh, aromatic, firm, crisp, tart, and very juicy. One of the most widely grown culinary apples of Victorian England, esteemed for its fine flavour and good keeping qualities.  | Cooking  | PickE mid-October; use November–March
Dungay[13] |  | England  | <1884  | An excellent cooking apple. Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Stalk 25 mm (0.98 in).  | Cooking  | Use October–December
Dunning[11] |  | Geneva, New York, US  | Raised 1923. Introduced 1938  | P Early McIntosh x Cox Orange. Flesh sweet.  | Eating  | Pick early August. PickE late August. Use August–September.
Dutch Codlin (a.k.a. Chalmers Large, Glory of the West)[13][58] |  | Possibly the Netherlands  | 1783  | One of the best kitchen apples. Greenish yellow with red flush. Stalk 25 mm (0.98 in) and thick. Eye small and closed. Flesh white and sub-acid.  | Cooking  | PickE early September. Use September.
Dutch Mignonne[100][32][33][35] |  | Holland or Germany  | <1766  | Medium size round. Width 60–80 mm (2.4–3.1 in), height 55–70 mm (2.2–2.8 in). Cells obovate, axile, open. Flesh, cream, crisp, juicy. Stem long.  | Eating, cooking, baking, drying, juice  | PickE early October. Use November–April.
Dyer (a.k.a. Pomme Royale)[26][9][27] |  |  |  | A yellow apple with brown flush. Width 72 mm (2.8 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Tree vigorous. Flesh yellow, crisp, tender, aromatic, subacid, aromatic, very good to best.  | Eating  | PickE early September. Use September–October.
Dymock Red[13] |  | Gloucestershire, England  |  | A roundish or oblate red apple. Width 54 mm (2.1 in), height 41 mm (1.6 in). Stalk very short. Cells ovate, axile, closed. Flesh yellowish, soft, tender, subacid.  | Eating, cider  | Pick late September

### E

[edit]

Common name  | Image  | Origin  | First developed  | Comment  | Use  | Pick/Use period

|
|
|
|
|
|

Egle  |  | Lithuania  |  |  | Eating  |
Eady's Magnum[7] |  | England  | c. 1908 | Width 91 mm (3.6 in), height 73 mm (2.9 in). Stalk short. Flesh white, juicy, acid.  | Cooking  | PickE mid-October; use December–March
Early Blaze[8] |  | US  | Introduced 1957  | Cold storage 2oC 60 days  |  |
Early Bough see Sweet Bough
Early Chandler[9] |  | US  | <1875  | Stalk short. Flesh yellow, tender, juicy, subacid. Too acid for eating.  | Cooking  | Use August
Early Cortland[101] |  | Geneva, New York, US  | Cross made 1938, selected 1949  | Diameter 75–90 mm (3.0–3.5 in). Skin color 60–95% red. P Cortland x Lodi.  | Eating  |
Early Harvest (a.k.a. July Pippin, Yellow Harvest, Tart Bough)[9][10][27][26][13][58] |  | US  | <1806  | Width 58–85 mm (2.3–3.3 in), height 39–70 mm (1.5–2.8 in). Stalk 17–20 mm (0.67–0.79 in). Cells obovate axile, open. Flesh white, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, good to very good.  | Eating  | Pick July; use July
Early Joe[9][10][26][27] |  | New York US  | <1843  | Width 61 mm (2.4 in), height 46 mm (1.8 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Flesh whitish, tender, juicy, vinous flavor, very good to best. Tree is a slow grower.  | Eating  | Use mid-August–mid-September
Early Julien (a.k.a. Early Julyan)[12][13] |  | Scotland  | <1800  | An excellent culinary apple. The tree is not a large grower. Width 60 mm (2.4 in), height 48 mm (1.9 in). Cells ovate, round or oblate, open or closed. Flesh yellowish, white, crisp, very juicy.  | Cooking  | PickE August, use August
Early McIntosh[11] |  | Geneva, New York, US  | Introduced 1923  | P Yellow Transparent x McIntosh. Flavor excellent.  | Eating  | Pick early August
Early Nonpareil[13] |  | Norfolk, England  | c. 1780 | Width 57 mm (2.2 in), height 45 mm (1.8 in). Cells obovate, axile. Flesh crisp, aromatic, subacid.  | Eating  | Use October - December.
Early Pennock (a.k.a. Shaker Yellow, Homony)[10] |  | US  | <1800  | Width 79 mm (3.1 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). Flesh yellow, avid. Quality poor.  | Cooking  | Use July–August
Early Red Bird see Crimson Beauty
Early Red Juneating see Margaret
Early Ripe[9][27] |  | Possibly Pennsylvania, US  | <1867  | Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 59 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Flesh white, tender, juicy, subacid. Good. Tree productive.  | Eating  |
Early Strawberry[9][10][27][26] |  | New York, US  | <1838  | Width 58–63 mm (2.3–2.5 in), height 49–52 mm (1.9–2.0 in). Stalk 25–33 mm (0.98–1.30 in). Flesh white, tender, subacid, aromatic, very good.  | Eating  | Use July–September
Early Victoria (a.k.a. Emneth Early)[7][16][8] |  | Essex, England  | 1899 (introduced)  | Pale yellow fruit. Possibly from Lord Grosvenor × Keswick Codlin. Width 71 mm (2.8 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 18 mm (0.71 in). Flesh; greenish-white, crisp, firm, acid. Cooks well, breaks up completely when cooked. Cold storage 1oC 60 days.  | Cooking, eating  | PickE late July–early August. Use August–September.
Easter Orange[53][14] |  | England  | <1897  | Round conical, deep golden yellow with flush and stripes of dark brown red. Flesh firm, yellow, of good flavour. AM from RHS in 1897. Width 66 mm (2.6 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in).  | Eating  | PickE early October. Use February–April
Ecklinville[7][13] |  | Ecklinville, Ireland  | c. 1820 | Large, round, greenish-yellow. Width 78–87 mm (3.1–3.4 in), height 63–70 mm (2.5–2.8 in). Stalk short. Cells ovate, abaxile. An excellent early cooker. Flesh; white, soft, fine-textured, acid, juicy.  | Cooking  | PickE early September; use September–October
Ecolette[21] |  | Wageningen, Netherlands  |  | Flesh: firm, juicy, shap, aromatic. Parentage Elstar x Prima.  | Eating  | PickE October
Edelborsdorfer (cs. Mišenské, Mišeň česká, ru. Borsdorfskoe blagorodnoe)[81][17] |  | Germany  | <1600  | A green apple with red flush and russet. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in).  | Eating, cooking  | PickE mid-October; use December–March
Edelrother[28] |  |  | <1856  | Yellow with red flush. Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 61 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in).  | Eating  | Use November–January
Edith Hopwood[30] |  | Essex, England  | <1929  | Yellow with russet. Stalk very long.  | Eating  | PickE early September. Use October–November
Edward VII[14]agm[102][31] |  | Worcestershire, England  | 1908 (introduced)  | A large oblate-round apple with yellow-green skin and pinkish-brown blush. Width 76–83 mm (3.0–3.3 in), height 60–70 mm (2.4–2.8 in). Stalk 6 mm (0.24 in). AM from RHS in 1903. Suitable for more northerly, cold, wet climates. Flesh; pale yellow, firm, coarse-textured, juicy, acid. Extraordinary keeper; apple ripens in autumn and will keep until Easter. P Possibly Blenheim Orange × Golden Noble. Cooks well, breaks up completely.  | Cooking  | PickE mid-October; use December–April
Edwards[9] |  | North Carolina, US  | <1869  | A greenish yellow apple, lightly striped with red. Flesh juicy, firm. One of the best keepers.  | Eating  | PickE mid-October.
Edwin Beckett[30][103] |  | England  | <1915  | Green to yellow with red flush. Width 100 mm (3.9 in), height 114 mm (4.5 in).  | Cooking  |
Egremont Russet agm[104][31][30] |  | Sussex, England  | <1872  | Width 64–68 mm (2.5–2.7 in), height 48–57 mm (1.9–2.2 in). Stalk 6–10 mm (0.24–0.39 in). Brown russeting. Excellent keeper. Resistant to scab, very prone to bitter pit. Flesh; cream, firm, fine-textured, dry, nutty flavor.  | Eating  | PickE late September; use October–December
Eifeler Rambur[32] |  |  |  | A yellow apple striped with red. Width 65–85 mm (2.6–3.3 in), height 50–65 mm (2.0–2.6 in). Flesh crisp, dry, subacid. C 8.  | Eating, cooking, baking  | Use December–March
Ein Shemer[18] |  | Israel  | 1963  | P Zabidani × Golden Delicious. Tastes tart, does not do well in cold weather. (Not the same as Anna (apple))  | Eating  | Ripens in June
Elektra[4] |  | Germany  |  | Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in), weight 95–100 g (3.4–3.5 oz). Stalk 5–15 mm (0.20–0.59 in).  | Cooking, eating  | PickE early October. PickG mid–late October; use November–February
Elise Rathke[28] |  | Danzig  | <1880  | A yellow to green apple, with red overcolor. Width 60 mm, height 52 mm. Stalk 9 mm. Flesh yellowish-white, juicy, subacid, aromatic.  | Eating  | Pick October. Use December–April.
Ellison's Orange[30][14] agm[105][31][78][16][8] |  | Bracebridge, Lincolnshire, England  | Introduced 1911  | Width 67–75 mm (2.6–3.0 in), height 57–61 mm (2.2–2.4 in). Stalk 12–35 mm (0.47–1.38 in). P Cox's Orange Pippin × Cellini. AM from RHS in 1911. FCC from RHS in 1917. Rich aniseed flavor. Flesh; creamy white, soft, juicy, subacid, aniseed flavour. Cold storage 4oC 120 days.  | Eating  | PickE mid-September; use September–October.
Elstar agm[106][43][8] |  | Netherlands  | Cross made 1955  | Golden Delicious × Ingrid Marie. Flesh white, firm, good flavor, acid at harvest. Medium-sized, mostly red with yellow showing. Often used in desserts due to its intense honey flavor. Susceptible to powdery mildew and Phytophthora rot. Cold storage 2-3oC 90 days.  | Cooking, eating  | PickE early October. Pickg September 23–October 7. Use October–December.
Emneth Early[107][14] agm[108][31] |  | Cambridgeshire, England  | <1899  | Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 61 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 23 mm (0.91 in). Suitable for northerly, cold, wet climates. P Hawthornden x Keswick Codlin. A biennial crop that needs thinning. AM from RHS in 1899. Good disease resistance.  | Cooking  | PickE late July–early August; use July–August
Empire[109][4][8] |  | Geneva, New York, US  | Introduced 1966  | P McIntosh x Red Delicious.Flesh; white, juicy, subacid. Tangy taste. Ruby red color. Cold storage 2oC 120 days.  | Eating  | Pick45 September 25. Pick55 September 10. PickG mid-September. Use October–December.
Empire Red[11] |  | British Columbia, Canada  | Introduced 1942  | A red apple. P unknown.  | Cooking, eating  |
Empress[18][43] |  | Geneva, New York, US  | Cross made 1969, selected 1977. Introduced 1988  | A dark red apple, fair. Width 60–65 mm. P Jonamac x Vista Bella. Flesh light yellow, semifirm, subacid.  | Eating, cooking  |
Encore[7][31][14] |  | Berkshire, England  | 1906  | Large cooking apple. Width 83–96 mm (3.3–3.8 in), height 73–90 mm (2.9–3.5 in). Stalk 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in). First Class Certificate from RHS in 1908. Flesh; creamy white, soft, coarse-textured, juicy, subacid. Excellent cooker.  | Cooking  | PickE early–mid-October; use December–April
Engelsberger[5][4] |  | Germany  | 1854  | A German cider apple. Sugar-acid ratio 10:1. Juice yield 70–75%. Flesh; white, juicy, acid.  | Cider, juice  | PickG late September. Use late September–early October
English Codlin (a.k.a. Common Codlin, Codlin, Quodlin)[14][13] |  | England  | <1600  | Yellow with red flush and russet. Width 82 mm (3.2 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). Cells obovate, abaxile. Flesh, tender, white. acid, good. Stalk long.  | Cooking  | Use August–September
English Russet[9][10] |  |  | <1870  | Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in). Flesh yellowish-white, crisp, subacid. Good.  | Eating  | Use January–May
Enterprise(a.k.a. Co-op 30)[110][111][44] |  | Illinois, US  | Selected 1978, introduced 1993  | A yellow apple with red overcolor (95%). Width 89 mm (3.5 in), height 76 mm. Overcolor 88%. Stalk short. Flesh firm, crisp, spicy. Stores well up to six months. Makes very good candy apple.  | Eating  | Pick50 October 20–30. Pick55 October 8–20.
Envy |  | New Zealand  | 2009  | Sweet and crispy, takes 4–8 hours after cutting to start browning. Royal Gala × Braeburn.  | Eating  |
Epicure[7] |  | Bedford, England  | 1909  | Yellowish apple with reddish blush. Good clean taste. Award of Merit from RHS in 1931. Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 54 mm (2.1 in). Stalk long. Needs thinning for size. Prone to bitter pit, canker.  | Eating  | PickE mid–late August; use August–September.
Erickson[11] |  | Minnesota, US  | Introduced 1923  | A large green apple.  |  |
Eris[112] |  | Greece  | Introduced 2016  | A red apple. Width 71 mm (2.8 in), height 73 mm (2.9 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). Weight 222 g (7.8 oz). Flesh: white-yellowish, juicy, crisp, aromatic. P Black Ben Davis x Red Chief. SS 14.1% TA 0.3%. C 8. DBH 143.  | Eating  | Pick September 7–13. Use September–April.
Erwin Baur[4][32][8] |  | Germany  | 1928, introduced 1955  | Width 68–80 mm (2.7–3.1 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in), weight 105–212 g (3.7–7.5 oz). Stalk 15–20 mm (0.59–0.79 in). Cold storage 1oC 120 days. Vit C 7. Density 0.85  | Cooking, eating  | PickE early October. PickG early–mid-October; use December–March
Esopus Spitzenburg[9][27][26][13][28] |  | Esopus, New York, US  | c. 1750 | Grown by Thomas Jefferson at Monticello. Named for creek near which first seedling found. Heirloom variety still available at farmstands in Northeast and portions of Virginia. Flesh yellow, firm, crisp, juicy, aromatic, subacid, very good to best. Difficult to grow for inexperienced planters. Width 73–77 mm (2.9–3.0 in), height 68–76 mm (2.7–3.0 in). Stalk 19–24 mm (0.75–0.94 in). Cells ovate, axile, slit.  | Cooking, eating  | PickE early–mid-October. Use December–February
Etter's Gold[11] |  | California, US  | Introduced 1944  | Golden yellow. P unknown. Flesh crisp.  |  | Pick October
Eva[18] |  | Brazil  |  | A yellow apple red striped (70%). P Gala x Anna. Flesh sweet, subacid, good. Tree very productive.  | Eating  |
Evagil[14] |  | England  | Introduced 1863  | A golden yellow apple. Stalk very short. Flesh pale yellow, hard, dry.  | Cooking, eating  | PickE late August. Use September–October
Evening Party[9] |  | US  | <1860  | Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 52 mm (2.0 in). Stalk 14 mm (0.55 in). Flesh juicy, vinous, aromatic.  | Eating  | Use December–January
EverCrisp[113] |  | Indiana, US  | 2008  | Described as Fuji x Honeycrisp | Eating  | Pick45 October 10. Pick55 October 3.
Ewalt[10] |  | Pennsylvania, US  | <1850  | A large apple, yellow with red flush. Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Flesh acid, aromatic.  | Eating  | Use February–April
Exeter Cross[7][76] |  | Long Ashton, England  | 1924, introduced 1952  | P Worcester Pearmain x Beauty of Bath. Width 59 mm (2.3 in), height 47 mm (1.9 in). Stalk variable. Flesh crisp, juicy, sweet.  | Eating  | PickE early August; use August
Exquisite (Laxton Exquisite)[7] |  | Bedford, England  | 1902  | Award of Merit from RHS in 1926. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk short to medium. Flesh sweet, aromatic. P Cox Orange x Cellini.  | Eating  | PickE late August; use September–October

### F

[edit]

Common name  | Image  | Origin  | First developed  | Comment  | Use  | Pick/Use period

|
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Fagerö[81][25] |  | Sweden  | <1860  | Width 75–80 mm (3.0–3.1 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in). A red mutant of Grågylling.  | Eating  | Use October–December
Fallawater (a.k.a. Tulpehocken)[10][27][26] |  | Pennsylvania, US  | <1842  | Width 88 mm (3.5 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 8 mm (0.31 in). Flesh greenish white, crisp, juicy, mild subacid, good.  | Eating  | Use November–December
Fall Harvey[27] |  | US  | <1838  | Flesh whitish, crisp, juicy, subacid, high flavor.  | Eating  | PickE mid-September. Use October–December
Fall Jenneting (a.k.a. Fall Jeneting)[27] |  | Connecticut, US  | <1827  | Flesh yellow, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid. The tree is a strong grower.  | Cooking  | Use September–December
Fall Orange[27][9] |  | Massachusetts, US  | <1848  | Pale yellow. Width 85 mm (3.3 in), height 75 mm (3.0 in). Stalk 17 mm (0.67 in). Flesh white, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, aromatic. A poor shipper. Biennial. Quality: eating excellent, cooking very good.  | Eating, cooking  | Use September–December
Fall Pippin[9][57][10][26][13][58] |  | US  | <1806  | Large yellow, roundish to roundish oblate. Width 99 mm (3.9 in), height 86 mm (3.4 in). Stalk 22 mm (0.87 in). Cells obovate, axile. Flesh whitish - yellow, firm, fine, tender, very juicy, subacid, aromatic, very good. AS s. TRI  | Eating, cooking  | PickE mid-September; use September–December
Fall Russet[6] |  | US  | c1875  | Flesh aromatic, good.  | Eating  | PickE early to mid September. Use September - October.
Fall Swaar (a.k.a. Autumn Swaar)[10] |  | US  | <1800  | Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in). Flesh yellow, juicy, mild subacid.  | Cooking, eating  | Use September
Fall Wine (a.k.a. Ohio Wine, Musk Spice, Sweet Wine)[9] |  | US  | <1800  | Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 23 mm (0.91 in). Flesh yellowish, juicy, aromatic, mild, subacid, sweet.  | Eating  | Use September–November
Falstaff[114][43] |  | Kent, England  | 1966, introduced 1989.

Red stripes on yellow-green background.|A good pollinator. Width 65–75 mm. Parentage James Grieve x Golden Delicious.

| Dessert  | PickE early October. Use October–December.
Fameuse[7][10][9][27][115][26] |  | Canada  | <1730  | Small apple, very sweet, flavour similar to McIntosh. Flesh white, tender, juicy, subacid, perfumed, very good. Width 60–72 mm (2.4–2.8 in), height 53–56 mm (2.1–2.2 in). Stalk 11–17 mm (0.43–0.67 in). Of no value in Britain.  | Eating  | Pick45 September 26. PickE late September–early October. Use October–November.
Family[9] |  | Georgia, US  | <1860  | Width 78 mm (3.1 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Flesh White, juicy, mild, pleasant, subacid.  | Eating  | Use August–September
Fanny[57][26][27] |  | Pennsylvania, US  | <1869  | A bright red fruit of good dessert quality. Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 50 mm (2.0 in). Roundish slightly oblate. Tree vigorous. Flesh yellow, firm, fine, tender, juicy, mild subacid, good to very good.  | Eating  | Use September–November
Faurot[11] |  | Missouri, US  | Introduced 1935  | P Ben Davis x Jonathan. The tree is disease resistant.  |  |
Fearns Pippin[12][13][34] |  | London, England  | <1780  | An excellent apple for eating and cooking. The tree is very hardy and a great bearer. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 53 mm (2.1 in). Stalk medium. Cells obovate, axile, slit.  | Cooking, eating  | PickE late September–early October; use November–February
Federal Pearmain (a.k.a. Staaten Parmäne)[13][34] |  | England  | <1831  | Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in).Stalk 13 mm. Cells oblate, axile. Yellow red streaked. Flesh vinous.  | Eating  | Use December - March.
Feltham Beauty[14] |  | Buckinghamshire, England  | <1908  | Yellowish-green with red stripes and flush. Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). P Cox Orange x Gladstone. Flesh, crisp, sweet, very good.  | Eating  | PickE early August. Use August–September
Fenouillet Gris[12][33][34] |  | France  | 1608  | A dessert apple of great excellence. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 50 mm (2.0 in). Short stalk.  | Eating  | PickE mid-October; use November–February
Feuillemorte[6] |  | France  | <1948  | Flesh crisp, brisk, juicy.  | Eating, juice  | PickE late October. Use December - March.
Fiesta agm[116][31][43][8] |  | Kent, England  | Cross made 1971, selected 1979.  | Sometimes called Red Pippin. Claims both UK and US heritage: P Cox's Orange x Idared. Width 58 mm (2.3 in), height 51 mm (2.0 in). Stalk 22–30 mm (0.87–1.18 in). Has flavour similar to the former but storage, colouring, and cold tolerance of the latter. Can be susceptible to scab and canker. Cold storage 2oC 90 days.  | Eating  | PickE mid–late September; use October–January
Filippa[25][8] |  | Denmark  | 1893  | A yellow apple with some red overcolour. Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Cold storage 1oC 150 days.  | Cooking, eating  | PickE mid-September; use September–December
Fillbasket[12] |  | England  | <1875  | Name of two different apple cultivars. One from Lancashire and the other from Kent.  | Cooking  |
Fink (a.k.a. Fink's Seedling)[10] |  | Ohio, US  | <1847  | A small apple. Flesh whitish, juicy, subacid good to very good. Good keeping qualities (one year).  | Eating  |
Finkenwerder Prinz (a.k.a. Finkenwerder Herbstprinz)[32][4][8] |  | Elbinsel, Finkenwerder, Germany  | 1860  | A yellow apple. Width 60–70 mm (2.4–2.8 in), height 60–70 mm (2.4–2.8 in). Flesh; yellow to white, crisp, acid. Cold storage 1oC 150 days.  | Eating, cooking  | PickE late October. PickG mid-October. Pickg October 1–20. Use December–March.
Fireside[11][80] |  | Excelsior, Minnesota, United States  | Selected 1917. Introduced 1943  | Very fragrant. Yellow with red striping. Sweet apple, very popular in upper Midwest. Flesh yellowish, coarse, tender, juicy, subacid. Parentage Wealthy x Northwest Greening.  | Eating  | Pick45 October 1. PickE early October. Use November–April
Fiskhill[27] |  | New York, US  | <1869  | Width 70–93 mm (2.8–3.7 in), height 65 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Tree vigorous. Flesh white, firm, coarse, juicy, mild subacid, fair to good.  | Eating, cooking  | Use November–February
Flake's Fall[9] |  | Pennsylvania, US  | <1869  | Yellow with red flush. Width 95 mm (3.7 in), height 73 mm (2.9 in). Stalk 17 mm (0.67 in). Flesh juicy, subacid, aromatic.  | Eating  | Use October–November
Flame 1.[109] |  | Boreham, Essex, England  | 1925  | Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Yellow, striped scarlet. Flesh, sweet, aromatic, subacid.  | Eating  | PickE late August. Use August–September.
Flamenco (a.k.a. Obelisk)  |  | United Kingdom  | 1950–1999  | A columnar ornamental tree with delicious fruit  | Eating  |
Flanders Pink see Mariposa
Flandrischer Rambour(fr. Rambour de Flandre)[28][34] |  | Belgium  | <1800  | A yellow apple with red flush. Width 93 mm (3.7 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in).  |  | Use November–January
Flickäpple[25] |  | Sweden  | <1850  | A large cooking apple. Yellow with red stripes. Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in).  | Cooking  |
Florina (a.k.a. Querina) [21][43] |  | Angers, France  | Introduced 1977  | 75% Red overcolor on yellow background. Scab resistant. Susceptible to powdery mildew.  | Eating  | PickE early October. Pickg October 1–20. Use October–December.
Flower of Kent (a.k.a. Isaac Newton)[12][13] |  | Kent or Lincolnshire England  | <1629  | A first-rate kitchen apple from October to January. Width 89 mm (3.5 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk short. Cells obovate, abaxile. Flesh crisp, subacid. This is the variety that inspired Sir Isaac Newton to consider gravity.  | Cooking  | PickE mid-October. Use November–January.
Flushing Spitzenberg[10][58] |  | US  | <1822  | Flesh white, yellow, juicy, crisp, mild, sweet, good.  | Eating  | Use November–February
Folwell[11][80] |  | Minnesota, US  | Selected 1913. Introduced 1922  | A large apple. Parentage Duchess of Oldenburg x (Alexander x Golden Russet).  |  |
Foote (a.k.a. Foote's Nonpareil)[9] |  | Mass. US  | <1875  | Flesh firm, juicy, aromatic, subacid, very good. Tree vigorous, annual bearer.  | Eating  | Use November
Forge[7] |  | Sussex, England  | <1851  | A yellow apple with red Flush. Width 60 mm (2.4 in), height 54 mm (2.1 in). Stalk short. Flesh white, crisp, juicy, aromatic.  | Eating  | PickE late September; use October–November
Fortune agm[117] (Laxton's Fortune)[31][16] |  | England  | 1904, introduced 1931  | Cox's Orange Pippin × Wealthy. First Class Certificate from RHS in 1948. Width 68–75 mm (2.7–3.0 in), height 58–60 mm (2.3–2.4 in). Stalk 20–25 mm (0.79–0.98 in). Prone to canker, good resistance to scab. Tendency to be biennial.  | Eating  | PickE early September; use September–October
Fortune[44] |  |  |  | Width 91 mm, height 77 mm. Parentage Red Spy x Empire  | Eating  | Pick 5 days after Golden Delicious
Foundling (a.k.a. Shirley, Groton)[10] |  | Massachusetts, US  | <1820  | A medium to large apple. Flesh white, tender, juicy, subacid, aromatic, very good.  | Eating  | Use September
Fourth of July (a.k.a. Sibirian August, August Apple)[9] |  | Germany  | <1875  | Flesh white, juicy, subacid, good. Stalk short. The tree is a strong grower.  | Cooking, eating  |
Fox Kernel (a.k.a. Sack)[13] |  | Herefordshire, England  |  | Yellow with red stripes. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk long. Cells ovate, axile, closed. Flesh soft, tender, dry, sweet.  | Cider  |
Foxley[13] |  | England  | c. 1800 | Very small. Stalk 25 mm (0.98 in). Raised by Thomas Andrew Knight.  | Cider  |
Foxwhelp[13] |  | Herefordshire, England  | <1650  | Striped red and yellow. Flesh yellow with a rough acid flavour. Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Stalk 19 mm (0.75 in). Cells, open elliptical, pointed. Flesh yellow, acid.  | Cider  |
Fraas Sommer-Calvill[28] |  | Germany  | c. 1850 | Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in).  | Eating  | Use September–October
Franklin[11] |  | Ohio, US  | Introduced 1937  | P McIntosh x Delicious.  | Eating  |
Fred Hough[18] |  | Brazil  | Introduced 1994  | Small to medium, red striped. Very low acid content. P NJ 76 x Coop 14.  | Eating  |
Freedom[5][118] |  | Geneva, New York, US  | Cross made 1958, first fruited 1965, introduced 1983  | Yellow with red stripes (80%). Flesh: firm, juicy, crisp, subacid. Width 85 mm (3.3 in), height 69 mm (2.7 in). DBH 143.  | Eating, cooking, juice, cider  | PickE late September. Use October–December.
French Pippin[9] |  |  | <1850  | Flesh yellowish, tender, subacid, good. Tree vigorous.  | Eating  | Use October–January
Freyberg[7] |  | New Zealand  | 1934  | P Golden Delicius x Cox Orange. Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Stalk long. Flesh white, juicy, sweet, aromatic.  | Eating  | Pick early October; use October–December
Freiherr von Berlepsch[4][17] |  | Germany  | 1880  | Width 54 mm (2.1 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). One of the best eating apples. High in Vitamin C. Picking September.  | Eating, juice  | PickE early October. PickG early–mid-October. Pickg September 23–October 7. Use October–December
Freiherr von Trauttenberg[28] |  | Germany  | <1850  | Width 69–71 mm (2.7–2.8 in), height 65–76 mm (2.6–3.0 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in).  | Cooking, eating  | Use November–February
Friedrich von Baden (see Grossherzog Friedrich von Baden)
Frogmore Prolific[7][14][28] |  | Windsor, England  | c. 1865 | A yellow apple with red flush. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk long. Flesh white, soft, juicy, acid. P Hawthornden x ?  | Cooking  | PickE late August–early September; use September–November
Frostproof[11] |  | Virginia, US  | Discovered 1930. Introduced 1947.  | P unknown. Quality fair. Tree blooms 30 days later than most apples usually do.  | Eating  |
Frösåker[24] |  | Sweden  | <1900  | A yellow apple. Width 58–63 mm (2.3–2.5 in), height 45–50 mm (1.8–2.0 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in).  | Eating  | Pick October; use November–January
Fuji[119][18][67][8] |  | Aomori, Japan  | 1930s, Introduced 1962  | P Red Delicious × Ralls Genet. Dark red, conic apple. Sweet, crisp, dense flesh is very mildly flavoured. Keeps very well. One of the most widely grown apple varieties in the world. Cold storage 1oC 150 days. SS 14.3 - 14.6 TA 0.41 - 0.51.  | Eating  | Pick 45 October 25. Pick55 October 5. PickE late October. Use December–January.
Fuji Frey[18] |  | Brazil  | Introduced 1995  | Bud mutation of Fuji.  | Eating  |
Fyan[11] |  | Missouri, US  | Introduced 1935  | P Ben Davis x Jonathan. Ripens 2 weeks after Jonathan. Tree very vigorous, regular bearer, resistant to disease.  | Eating  |

### G

[edit]

Common name  | Image  | Origin  | First developed  | Comment  | Use  | Pick/Use period

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|

Gala[7][31][67][4][8] |  | New Zealand  | introduced 1960  | A small to medium-sized conic apple. Width 61–75 mm (2.4–3.0 in), height 55–65 mm (2.2–2.6 in). Weight 140 g (4.9 oz). Stalk 25–40 mm (0.98–1.57 in). The thin, tannic skin is yellow-green with a red blush overlaid with reddish-orange streaks. Flesh is yellowish-white, crisp, juicy, aromatic, subacid, and grainy with a mild flavour. Cross of three of the world's best known apples: Kidd's Orange Red (a cross of Red Delicious and Cox's Orange Pippin) × Golden Delicious. One of the most widely available commercial fruit. Cold storage 2oC 150 days. SS 13.2–14.1 TA 0.36–0.54.  | Eating  | Pick45 August 30. Pick55 August 25. PickE early October. PickG late September–early October. Pickg September 15–30. Use October–January
Galarina[120] |  | Angers, France  | Cross made 1978  | A round-conic greenish-yellow apple with orange-red overcolor (65–100%) P Gala x Florina. Flesh: yellowish-white, crisp, juicy, firm, aromatic, tart.  | Eating  | Pick 2 days after Gala
Galbraith Baldwin[11] |  | Massachusetts, US  | Introduced 1948  | Mutation of Baldwin. Highly colored.  | Eating  |
Galícia[18] |  | Brazil  | 1987  | P Gala x Anna. Flesh crisp, juicy. Tree very productive.  | Eating  |
Galloway[7][13][28] |  | Scotland  | <1871  | Large eating and cooking apple. First Class Certificate from RHS in 1871. Width 90 mm (3.5 in), height 71 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 13 mm. Cells, small, obovate, axile. TRI  | Eating, cooking  | PickE late September; use November–February
Ganges[13] |  | England  |  | A green kitchen apple. Cells, ellipticale, axile. Flesh yellowish-green, tender, crisp, juicy, subacid.  | Cooking  | Use October–February
Garden Royal[9] |  | Sudbury, Massachusetts, US  | <1847  | A medium-sized roundish-oblate, sometimes slightly conical apple. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 22 mm (0.87 in). Greenish-yellow skin is striped and splashed with bright red, dull or grayish toward the stem; dots few, light and gray; cavity deep, basin shallow, slightly uneven. Flesh yellow, very tender, juicy, rich, mildly subacid and aromatic. Poor keeper. Upright habit, productive bearer, some biennial tendency.  | Eating  | PickE late August. Use late August–September
Garden Sweet[9] |  | New England, US  | <1875  | Stalk short and small. Flesh, yellowish white, tender, juicy, sweet. Tree hardy and productive.  | Cooking  | Use September–October
Garretson's Early (a.k.a. Somerset Harvest)[10] |  | New Jersey, US  | <1840  | Medium size. Stalk short. Flesh white, tender, juicy, subacid, good.  | Cooking, eating  | Use July–August
Gascoyne's Scarlet (cs. Gascoyneho šarlatové, de. Gascoynes Scharlachroter)[7][4][31][16] |  | Kent, England  | 1871  | Large red fruit. Width 77–82 mm (3.0–3.2 in), height 63–70 mm (2.5–2.8 in), weight 145 g (5.1 oz). Stalk 15–25 mm (0.59–0.98 in). FCC from RHS in 1887. VitC 8–12. Density 0.79  | Eating, cooking  | PickE mid–late September. PickG late September; use October–January.
Geflammter Kardinal(cs. Kardinál žíhaný, pl. Kardynalska. ru. Kardinal krasnîi.) [17] |  | Germany ?  | <1800  | Width 74–92 mm, height 70–85 mm. Weight 110-240 gram.  | Cooking  |
Geheimrat Breuhahn (see Breuhahn)
Geheimrat Dr. Oldenburg (cs. Oldenburgovo)[5][20] |  | Geisenheim, Germany  | Cross made 1897, first fruited 1904.  | Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Flesh: yellowish white, fine, subacid. Created at the Höheren Lehranstalt für Obstbau of Geisenheim in the Rheingau. P Minister von Hammerstein × Baumanns Renette.  | Eating  | PickE early September. Use September–November.
Gehrers Rambour[5] |  | Germany  | 1885  | A German cider apple. Sugar-acid-ratio 8:1. Juice yield 75–80%.  | Cider  | Pick late October
Gelber Richard(fr. Richard Jaune, ru. Riciard jioltîi))[24][32][34][17] |  | Mecklenburg, Germany  | <1830  | A yellow apple. Width 66–76 mm (2.6–3.0 in), height 66–70 mm (2.6–2.8 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). C 23. Flesh: whitish, sweet.  | Eating  | Pick October; use November–March
Gendreville[33] |  |  |  | A yellow apple with red overcolor. Width 82 mm (3.2 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in).  | Cooking  | Use January–May.
Geneva Early[121] |  | Geneva, New York, US  | Cross made 1964, selected 1973  | A round-oblate apple. Diameter 70–80 mm (2.8–3.1 in). Skin color 60–100% red. Flesh: subacid, aromatic. P Quinte x Julyred.  | Eating  |
George Carpenter[7] |  | Surrey, England  | 1902  | P Blenheim Orange x King of the Pippins. Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 66 mm (2.6 in). Stalk long. Flkesh white, juicy, sweet, aromatic.  | Eating  | PickE mid-September; use October–December
George Cave[7][31] |  | Essex, England  | 1923  | Pale green-yellow fruit with red flush. Early harvest. Width 57 mm (2.2 in), height 51 mm (2.0 in). Stalk 15–20 mm (0.59–0.79 in).  | Eating  | PickE early–mid-August; use August
George Neal[7][122][31] |  | Kent, England  | 1904  | Pale green to yellow colour, will keep nicely until late autumn. Award of Merit from RHS in 1923. Width 82 mm (3.2 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Stalk 10–20 mm (0.39–0.79 in). Good regular crops.  | Cooking  | Pick late August–early September; use August–September.
Gerlinde[21] |  | Ahrensburg, Germany  |  |  | Eating  | Pick mid to late August.
Gestreifter Herbst-Calvill[28] |  |  | <1670  | Gelb with red flush. Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 69 mm (2.7 in), stalk 12 mm (0.47 in).  | Cooking, eating  | Use November–January
Gestreifter Winter-Calvill[123] |  | Germany  | <1840  | Yellow with red stripes. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in).  | Eating, cooking  | Pick October; use November–February
Gewürzluiken[15][32][4] |  | Württemberg, Germany  | <1850  | A yellow apple striped with red. Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 59 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in). Flesh: white, crisp, juicy, acid.  | Cooking, juice, baking, eating  | PickE mid-October. PickG mid–late October. Pickg October 15–30. Use December–March.
Gideon[26][27] |  | Minnesota, US  | c. 1880 | Tree vigorous. Flesh yellow, soft, coarse, crisp, juicy, subacid, fair to good.  | Eating  | Use October
Gilpin (a.k.a. Carthouse), Little Red Romanite.[10][9][58] |  | Virginia, US  | <1850  | Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 17 mm (0.67 in). Flesh greenish-yellow, sweet, juicy.  | Cider, eating  | Pick October; use December–May.
Ginger Gold[44] |  | Virginia, US  | 1960s  | A yellow apple with 6% red flush. Width 80 mm, height 73 mm. Tangy flavour, crunchy texture.  | Cooking, eating  | Pick45 September 3. Pick55 August 20. Use September–October.
Gipsy King[13] |  | England  | <1872  | A handsome dessert apple. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 45 mm (1.8 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). Cells obovate, axile, slit. Flesh yellowish, tender, juicy.  | Eating  | PickE mid-October. Use October–December
Gladstone[7][31][27] |  | England  | 1780, introduced 1868  | Width 63–79 mm (2.5–3.1 in), height 54–62 mm (2.1–2.4 in). Stalk 9–17 mm (0.35–0.67 in). A red apple.  | Eating  | PickE late July–early August; use July–August
Glanz Reinette[28] |  | Possibly Germany  | <1850  | A green apple with red stripes. Width 58 mm (2.3 in), height 50–53 mm (2.0–2.1 in). Stalk 14 mm (0.55 in).  | Eating  | Pick October
Glockenapfel (a.k.a. Weisser Glockenapfel)[5][32][4] |  | Switzerland  | 17th century  | A medium-sized green-yellow elongate bell-shaped apple, sometimes takes on a reddish blush. Width 55–75 mm (2.2–3.0 in), height 60–70 mm (2.4–2.8 in). VitC 9. Flesh; tart, crisp and juicy. Stores well, taste improves with age. Excellent culinary variety; renowned for its use in Strudel.  | Cooking, eating  | PickE mid-October. PickG late October. Pickg October 15–30. Use December–April.
Gloria Mundi (a.k.a. Pound)[7][12][26][27] |  | US  | <1804  | An excellent green culinary apple. Width 89 mm (3.5 in), height 76 mm (3.0 in). Stalk short. Flesh yellow, coarse, crisp, tender, juicy, mild subacid, fair to good.  | Cooking  | Pick mid-October; use October–December
Glorie van Holland[53][39] |  | Netherlands  | c. 1890 | A yellow apple striped with red. Width 85 mm. Stalk long. Flesh slightly acidic, slightly sweet.  | Eating  | PickE early October. Use October–January.
Glory of the West (a.k.a. Englischer Prahlrambour)[12][28] |  | England  | <1800  | A culinary apple of first quality. Width 82 mm (3.2 in), height 72 mm (2.8 in).  | Cooking  | Pick October; use October–December
Gloster (a.k.a. Gloster 69)[7][4][124] |  | Jork, Germany  | 1951 Introduced 1969  | Conical shape. Somewhat tart, ruby red color like parent Red Delicious. P Glockenapfel x Richared Delicious. Good choice for backyard gardening. Width 65–90 mm (2.6–3.5 in), height 65–90 mm (2.6–3.5 in). Weight 150–300 g (5.3–10.6 oz). Stalk 11–23 mm (0.43–0.91 in).  | Eating  | PickE late October. PickG mid–late October. Pickg October 10–30. Use November–March
Godfrey[11] |  | Manitoba, Canada  | Introduced 1931  | P Patten Greening x unknown. A dark red apple. Flesh white, crisp, sweet. Tree vigorous.  |  | Use October–February
Gogar Pippin (a.k.a. Stone Pippin)[12] |  | Scotland  | <1850  | A dessert apple of second rate quality.  | Eating  | Use January–March
Gold Chief (a.k.a. Gold Pink)[125] |  | Bologna, Italy  | Selected 1989. Introduced 1998.  | A yellow apple with pink blush (10–20%). Flesh; firm, juicy, subacid.  | Eating  | Pick 7–10 days after Golden Delicious.
Golden Ball[9] |  | Connecticut, US  | <1880  | A large apple. Flesh crisp, tender, subacid.  | Eating  | Use December–March
Golden Delicious(de. Gelber Köstlicher, ru. Zolotoe prevoshodnoe)[7][126][4][26][127][20][17][8] |  | Clay County, West Virginia, US  | 1891\. Introduced 1914.  | One of the most popular varieties in the world. Due to its regular size, even colour and storage qualities the fruit is widely sold commercially. Uniform light green-yellow coloration. Flesh firm, crisp, tender, juicy, mild subacid, aromatic, very good to best. A good pollinator. Width 63–72 mm (2.5–2.8 in), height 58–62 mm (2.3–2.4 in), weight 145 g (5.1 oz). Stalk 20–30 mm (0.79–1.18 in). Cold storage 0.5o C 120 days. DBH 137–151. VitC 6–9. Density 0.79  | Eating, cooking  | Pick45 October 7. Pick55 September 15. PickE lateOctober. PickG early–late October. Pickg September 23–October 15. Use October–May.
Golden Harvey (a.k.a. Brandy Apple)[12][14][13] |  | England  | <1821  | A yellow apple with russet. Width 49 mm (1.9 in), height 52 mm (2.0 in). Stalk 13 mm. Cells obovate, axile, closed. One of the richest and most excellent dessert apples, it is also one of the best for cider.  | Eating, cider  | PickE mid-October. Use December–May
Golden Knob (a.k.a. Old Lady, Old Maid)[12][14][13] |  | England  | <1850  | Orange-brown with russet. A good late keeping dessert apple. Flesh firm, subacid, good. Leaf large, very dark. Width 42 mm (1.7 in), height 35 mm (1.4 in). Stalk short. Cells obovate, axile, closed. The tree is a strong grower.  | Eating  | PickE mid-October. Use December–March
Golden Lasa[21] |  | Trentino, Italy  |  | A scab resistant apple  | Eating  | Pick late September
Golden Mira[21] |  | Trentino, Italy  |  | A scab and mildew-resistant apple.  | Eating  | Pick early October
Golden Monday[12] |  | England  | <1850  | A kitchen apple. Flesh sugary, briskly flavoured.  | Cooking  | Use October–December
Golden Noble (de. Gelber Edelapfel)[7] agm[128][4][31][13][34][28] |  | England  | 1820  | Tree is short and stocky. Produces mint green fruit with blush of pink. Width 60–90 mm (2.4–3.5 in), height 50–80 mm (2.0–3.1 in), weight 150–250 g (5.3–8.8 oz). Stalk 5–15 mm (0.20–0.59 in). Cells obovate, abaxile. Good disease resistance. VitC 25.  | Cooking, pie, eating  | PickE early October. PickG mid-September; use October–January
Golden Nonpareil[12][13] |  | England  | <1850  | A first rate dessert apple. Cells ovate or roundish ovate, axile, open. Flesh juicy, sugary with a rich flavour.  | Eating  | Use December–February
Golden Orange[21] |  | Trentino, Italy  | 1979, released 1996  | PRI 1956-6 × Ed Gould Golden. Resistant to scab. Moderate vigour, spreading habit and medium-late blooming season; fruit is moderately large (207 g (7.3 oz)) and symmetric, skin is smooth, no russeting. Ripens some days after Golden Delicious; fruit is very attractive; large, good storage ability.  | Eating  | Pick early October
Golden Pippin[13] |  | England  | <1629  | A golden yellow apple with russet. Width 57–63 mm., height 52–59 mm. Stalk 12–25 mm. Cells ovate, pointed, axile, closed. Eye small and open. Flesh yellow, firm, crisp, juicy, sweet, subacid.  | Eating  | PickE early October. Use November- April
Golden Reinette (see Orleans Reinette)
Golden Russet[26][27][13] |  | New York  | 1845 (documented)  | A medium-sized heavily russeted light green apple, occasionally with a reddish blush. Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 72 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). Cells obovate, axile, closed. Crisp, fine-grained flesh is rich, sugary and very sweet. Excellent dessert apple, keeps very well. Makes extraordinary cider, known as the "Champagne of cider apples."  | Cider, cooking, eating  | PickE early–mid-October. Use December–April
Golden Spire[14][13] |  | Lancashire, England  | 1850  | A golden yellow apple. An old Northern English variety. Flesh pale yellow, juicy, soft. P Keswick Codlin x Manks Codlin. Width 64 mm, height 82 mm. Cells elliptical, abaxile. Unusually tall and oblong with a tart flavour.  | Cooking, cider, eating  | PickE early September. Use September–October.
Golden Supreme |  | Idaho, US  | 1960  |  | Eating  | Pick45 September 15. Pick55 September 8.
Golden Sweet(fr. Northern Sweet)[57][10][9][27][26][34] |  | Connecticut, US  | <1832  | Width 76–79 mm (3.0–3.1 in), height 59–63 mm (2.3–2.5 in). Stalk 23–30 mm (0.91–1.18 in). A yellow apple. Flesh is yellow, firm, tender, juicy, very sweet, aromatic, good to very good. BB.  | Eating  | Use August–September
Gold Pink (see Gold Chief)
Goldrush[129][44] |  | Indiana, US  | 1980, introduced 1993  | Width 74 mm, height 69 mm. The fruit has a complex spicy flavor with high acidity and sweetness. Acidity moderates in cold storage, with exceptional quality after 2 to 3 months. Parentage Golden Delicious x Coop 17.  | Eating  | Pick55 October 19.
Goldspur |  | US  | 1960  | A sport of 'Golden Delicious'.  | Eating  |
Goldstar[21] |  | Czech Republic  |  | Eating  | Pick October
Goodwood Pippin[130] |  | Goodwood, Sussex, England  | <1896  | Yellow striped with red. Round to conical. The stalk is set in a narrow, rather deep russety cavity. Width 82 mm (3.2 in), height 82 mm (3.2 in). AM from RHS in 1896.  | Cooking  |
Goosebery Pippin (Ronalds')[7][12] |  | Cheshire, England  | <1875  | A very excellent dessert apple; ripe in November. Small fruit, small tree.  | Eating  |
Gordon[23] |  | Whittier, California, United States  | Introduced 1977  | A low chill hour cultivar developed by Robert B. Gordon in Whittier, CA from unknown parentage. Blooms over long period in Southern California – from April to early June. Bears mature fruit from August to October. Fruit is green with red striped overcolor. Ripe at approximately 50% red coverage. Flesh: white, crisp, juicy. Fruit is dual purpose, for eating and baking with sweet-tart flavor.  | Eating, cooking  |
Gradirose |  | Languedoc-Roussillon, France  | 2004  | Created by Pépinières Grard. Early dessert apple with pink blush. Stores well. Very productive.  | Eating  | Ripens in September
Gragg (a.k.a. Red Gragg or Winter Queen)  |  | North Carolina, US  | 1860  | Originated on the farm of James Gragg in Caldwell County, North Carolina about 1860. Valued by North Carolina growers for its fine cooking qualities, crispness and long storage ability. The conical shaped fruit is red in colour with moderately conspicuous dots. Keeps well.  | Cooking, eating  | Ripens in October
Grågylling[24][25] |  | Europe  | <1800  | Width 64–68 mm (2.5–2.7 in), height 54–60 mm (2.1–2.4 in). Stalk 12–20 mm (0.47–0.79 in). Flesh juicy, subacid, fair to good.  | Eating, cooking  | Pick early October; use November–January
Grahams Royal Jubilee (see Royal Jubilee)
Granges Pearmain[53][13] |  | Middlesex, England  | <1829  | Rather large, round, a little flattened. Colour yellow with dull red flush and broken stripes. Width 80 mm, height 55-60mm. Cells obovate, axile, open. Flesh pale yellow, very crisp and juicy and excellent flavour.  | Cooking, eating  | PickE early October. Use December–May
Granny Smith[7][119][131] |  | Australia  | 1868  | This is the apple once used to represent Apple Records. Width 64–74 mm (2.5–2.9 in), height 61–68 mm (2.4–2.7 in). Stalk 17–25 mm (0.67–0.98 in). A favourite variety, widely sold in the UK. Also noted as common pie apple. Lime green colouring. Extremely tart. SS 11.5, TA 1.03.  | Cooking, eating  | Pick 45 October 15. Pick55 October 23. PickKt mid-October; use January–April
Grantonian[14] |  | Nottingham, England  | <1883  | Yellowish-green with brown flush. Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). Flesh firm, subacid. FCC from RHS in 1883.  | Cooking  | Use until March
Graue Herbst Reinette[28] |  |  | <1800  | Width 84–95 mm (3.3–3.7 in), height 64–72 mm (2.5–2.8 in). Stalk 14 mm (0.55 in).  | Cooking, eating  | PickE early October. Use November–December
Graue Portugiesische Reinette[28] |  | Portugal  | <1798  | Width 65–69 mm (2.6–2.7 in), height 46–50 mm (1.8–2.0 in). Stalk 14 mm (0.55 in).  | Cooking, eating  | Use December–April
Grauer Kurzstiel[28] |  | France  | <1794  | Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 52 mm (2.0 in). Stalk 8 mm (0.31 in).  | Cooking, eating  | Use December–April
Gravenstein(cs. Grávštýnské, pl. Grafsztynek Prawdziwy, ru. Grafensteinskoe)[7][10][31][4][27][26][33][16][34][13][28][17] |  | Gråsten, Jutland, Denmark  | <1800  | An early yellow-green apple, often with red stripes. Width 73–91 mm (2.9–3.6 in), height 61–89 mm (2.4–3.5 in). Weight 130 g (4.6 oz). Stalk 10–25 mm (0.39–0.98 in). Cells round to elliptical, abaxile. Tree large, vigorous. Flesh yellow, firm, fine, crisp, juicy, aromatic, subacid, very good to best. Exceptional cooking apple, especially for applesauce and pies. Poor keeper; becomes soft quickly. German immigrants introduced this variety to California's San Joaquin Valley in the mid-19th century. Has many sports. VitC 8. Density 0.82 TRI  | Cooking, eating, pie  | Pick45 August 23. PickE early September. PickG late August–mid-September. Pickg September 1–7. Use September–December.
Gravensteiner Roter (cs. Grávštýnské červené, fr. Gravenstein Rouge)[65][37][132][34] |  | Lübeck, Germany  | 1858  | A red sport (mutant) of Gravenstein. Widely spread in Germany, Denmark and Sweden.  |  |
Green Cheese(fr. Green Cheese)[9][34] |  | North Carolina or Georgia, US  | 18th century  | A very old southern apple thought to have originated in North Carolina or Georgia but its true origin is uncertain. The fruit is oblate to oblique in shape. Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in). The skin is deep green in colour, turning pale yellow when fully ripe. The yellowish flesh is sweet, crisp, tender and juicy.  | Eating  |
Greendale[11] |  | Geneva, New York, US  | Introduced 1938  | P McIntosh x Lodi. A green apple.  | Eating, cooking  |
Green Newtown (see Newtown Pippin)  |  |  |  |  |  |
Green Seek No Further[9] |  | L.I.[clarification needed] US  | <1855  | Flesh white, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, very good. Stalk short. Tree slow in growth.  | Eating  | Use October–January
Greensleeves[7] agm[133][31] |  | Kent, England  | 1966  | Golden Delicious × James Grieve; good garden apple, with a pleasant but unexceptional flavour. Width 64–67 mm (2.5–2.6 in), height 57–60 mm (2.2–2.4 in). Stalk 20–22 mm (0.79–0.87 in). Likely named for famous Renaissance-era song. Can be susceptible to scab.  | Eating  | PickE late September; use September–November
Greenup's Pippin (a.k.a. Yorkshire Beauty, Greenup's Apfel)[28][12][13] |  | Yorkshire, England  | <1800  | A first rate early culinary apple. Flesh tender, juicy, and with an agreeable acidity. Width 60–77 mm (2.4–3.0 in), height 46–74 mm (1.8–2.9 in). Cells elliptical, axile.  | Eating, cooking  | PickE mid-September. Use October–December
Grenadier[7] agm[134][31][13] |  | England  | 1862 (documented)  | Possibly one of the strangest of all British apples: it is ribbed and lumpy with a tough coat, looking as though it has taken a beating. Width 83 mm (3.3 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Stalk 10–12 mm (0.39–0.47 in). Cells elliptical, abaxile, wide open. Grenadier cooks down to cream-coloured puree with a superb apple flavour. Makes an excellent apple jam. Poor keeper. Reliably heavy annual bearer. First Class Certificate from RHS in 1883. Good disease resistance.  | Cooking  | PickE mid-August; use August–October
Grimes Golden (a.k.a. Grimes Golden Pippin)[7][9][10][71][27][26] |  | Brooke County, West Virginia, US  | 1804  | A medium-sized roundish to slightly oblong apple. Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Stalk 23 mm (0.91 in). Greenish-yellow skin, ripening to a clear yellow, stem cavity sometimes russeted, covered with yellow or russet dots. The yellowish-white flesh is crisp and tender, with a rich, spicy, sugary-sweet flavour. A good all-purpose dessert and cooking apple, Grimes also makes a strong single-variety cider. Excellent keeper. Grimes Golden is the parent of the ubiquitous Golden Delicious. Relatively rare among apples, Grimes Golden is self-fertile. Original tree discovered near a known orchard of John Chapman (Johnny Appleseed). DBH 147.  | Cider, cooking, eating  | Pick55 September 5. PickE mid-October. Use December–March
Groninger Kroon[39] |  | Netherlands  | 1875  | A yellow conical apple striped with red. Width 72 mm, height 70 mm. Stalk 25 mm. Flesh crisp, subacid, aromatic.  | Eating  | Use November - January.
Gronsvelder Klumpke[16] |  | Netherlands  |  | A green apple with red overcolor (80–90%) and russet. Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 72 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in).  |  | Use November–April.
Grosh[9][26][27] |  | Pennsylvania, US  | <1855  | Flesh white, loose, soft, juicy, aromatic, subacid, good to very good. Tree vigorous, an annual bearer.  | Cooking  | Use September–January
Gros Locard[33][34] |  | France  | <1849  | A yellow or green apple with russet. Width 105 mm (4.1 in), height 80 mm (3.1 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in).  | Cooking, juice  | PickE late October. Use December–March.
Groẞherzog Friedrich von Baden[16] |  | Germany  | 1894  | A green apple. Width 83 mm (3.3 in), height 66 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in).  | Eating  | Use October
Grove[11] |  | Missouri, US  | Introduced 1935  | P Ingram x Delicious. Tree blooms late, resistant to scab.  |  |
Grüner Stettiner (a.k.a. Grüner Winterstettiner)[15] |  | Germany or Poland  | <1800  | A green apple. Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 11–15 mm (0.43–0.59 in). Flesh whitish-yellow, juicy, subacid. Quality good.  | Cooking, drying, juice  | Pick October. Use January–April
Guelph[7] |  | Berkshire, England  | <1912  | Medium to large sized apple for use in October to December. First Class Certificate from RHS in 1913.  | Eating  | PickE early September. Use September–November.
Guldborg[6][65][35] |  | Denmark  | 1870  | A green apple striped with red(25% overcolor). Width 68mm, height 65 mm. Stalk 12mm. Flesh white, juicy, subacid, aromatic. P Maglemer x unknown.  | Eating  | Pick late August. Use August - September.
Gunilla Bohuslän[81] |  | Sweden  | <1900  | Width 98 mm (3.9 in), height 98 mm (3.9 in). Stalk 21 mm (0.83 in).  | Eating, cooking  | Use October–March

### H

[edit]

Common name  | Image  | Origin  | First developed  | Comment  | Use  | Pick/Use period

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Haas (a.k.a. Fall Queen)[26][27] |  | Missouri, US  | <1875  | Fruit oblate-conic, ribbed, yellow with red flush. Tree large, vigorous. Width 86 mm (3.4 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Flesh white, juicy, aromatic, subacid, poor.  |  | Use October–November
Hagloe[10] |  | New Jersey, US  | <1817  | Stalk short. Tree healthy, vigorous, productive. Flesh whitish, juicy, acid.  | Cooking  | Use August
Halberstädter Jungfernapfel[28][15][32] |  | Halberstädter, Germany  | <1885  | Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 74–80 mm (2.9–3.1 in). Stalk 12–20 mm (0.47–0.79 in). Flesh juicy, sweet, very good.  | Cooking, caking, eating  | PickE mid-September. Use November–February
Hambledon Deux Ans[7][31][13] |  | Hampshire, England  | c. 1750 | A yellow apple with red flush. Width 78 mm (3.1 in), height 64–67 mm (2.5–2.6 in). Stalk 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in). Cells obovate, abaxile, wide open. Flesh white-yellow, dry, sweet, subacid, aromatic. Prone to bitter pit. TRI  | Eating  | PickE late September–early October; use November–April
Hammerstein (a.k.a. Minister von Hammerstein, cs. Hammersteinovo)[4] |  | Germany  | 1895  | Width 60–85 mm (2.4–3.3 in), height 50–65 mm (2.0–2.6 in), weight 100–180 g (3.5–6.3 oz). Stalk 15–25 mm (0.59–0.98 in). VitC 5.  | Cooking, eating  | PickE early October. PickG late October–early November; use January–April
Hampus[81][25][24] |  | Holland or Sweden  | <1820  | Width 66–70 mm (2.6–2.8 in), height 47–50 mm (1.9–2.0 in). Stalk 19–26 mm (0.75–1.02 in). Flesh juicy, sweet.  | Eating  | Pick late August–early September
Hanaskogsäpple[25] |  | Sweden  | 1873  | A yellow apple. Width 61 mm (2.4 in), height 54 mm (2.1 in).  | Eating  | Pick September; use September
Haralson[11][80] |  | Minnesota, US  | Introduced 1923  | P Malinda x Wealthy. Red colour and large, moderately conspicuous dots. Crisp and juicy with a tart flavour. Excellent choice for pies.  | Cooking, eating, cider  | Pick45 September 3. Pick55 August 27.
Harberts Renette (a.k.a. Harbert, Harbert's Reinette, Harbert's reinettenartiger Rambour, fr. Reinette Harbert)[24][4][32][16][28][34] |  | Germany  | <1820  | Yellow with red flush. Width 87 mm (3.4 in), height 67–78 mm (2.6–3.1 in). Stalk 15–20 mm (0.59–0.79 in). Flesh is crisp, juicy, subacid. VitC 21. A seedling from Golden Renette. TRI  | Eating, cooking, baking, drying, juice.  | PickE early October. PickG early October; use December–January
Harrison (a.k.a. Harrison Cider)[9][58] |  | New Jersey, US  | 1770  | Yellow skin, sometimes red-blush, black spots, small size, sweet, rich and dry.  | Cider  |
Harvey[31][7] |  | England  | 1629  | A green apple. Width 76–93 mm (3.0–3.7 in), height 68–81 mm (2.7–3.2 in). Stalk 12–18 mm (0.47–0.71 in). Flesh white-yellow, dry, sweet.  | Cooking  | PickE mid-September; use September–January
Hatsuaki[18] |  | Japan  | Introduced 1976  | P Jonathan x Golden Delicious. Flesh juicy, sweet, good.  | Eating  | PickE mid-October. Use November–December.
Hauxapfel[5][4] |  | Germany  | 1925  | A German cider apple. Sugar-acid-ratio 9:1. Flesh; greenish-white, juicy, subacid.  | Cider  | PickG late October. Use November–March
Havelgold[135] |  | Germany  |  | P: Undine x Auralia. Flesh sharp and aromatic.  | Cooking  | Pick October; use December–February
Hawaii |  |  | 1945 (introduced)  | Noted for pineapple-like taste.  | Eating  |
Hawley[9][10][26][27] |  | New York, US  | <1855  | Width 86 mm (3.4 in), height 72 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 17 mm (0.67 in). Flesh whitish, tender, juicy, subacid, very good. Tree vigorous, bears annually. Susceptible to scab.  | Eating  | Pick September; use September
Hawthornden(cs. Hawthorndenské)[13][25][34] |  | Scotland  | c. 1780 | Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 52 mm (2.0 in). Stalk 20–25 mm (0.79–0.98 in). Cells oblate or obovate, abaxile. Flesh white, crisp, tender, juicy. VitC 16.  | Cooking  | PickE mid-September. Use October–November
Hector Macdonald[14] |  | Berkshire, England  | Introduced 1906  | Pale yellowish-green. Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). Flesh very crisp, juicy, acid. AM from RHS in 1904.  | Cooking  | PickE mid–late September. Use October–February
Helios[4][20] |  | Müncheberg/Mark, Germany  | Introduced 1969.  | A yellow apple striped with red. P Oldenburg x unknown. Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in), weight 115 g (4.1 oz). Stalk 20–30 mm (0.79–1.18 in). Flesh;aromatic, subacid.  | Cooking, eating  | PickG early August; use August
Hendrick Sweet see Sweet Winesap
Herefordshire Beefing[7][13] |  | Herefordshire, England  | <1800  | A yellow apple with red flush. Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Stalk short. Cells obovate, axile, closed. Flesh greenish white, subacid.  |  | PickE early October; use November–January
Herefordshire Pearmain (a.k.a. Royal Pearmain, Old Pearmain)[10][12][9][13][58][28] |  | Possibly England  | <1800  | Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 61 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 11 mm (0.43 in). Cells roundish obovate, axile, closed. Flesh vinous, crisp, juicy spicy, aromatic, subacid, very good.  | Eating, cooking  | Use December–February
Herefordshire Russet |

| Kent, England  | 2002  | Cox's Orange Pippin x Idared. Rich, aromatic flavour. Crops well.  | Eating  | Pick early October; stores until January
Herma[4] |  | Germany  |  | Width 84 mm (3.3 in), height 71 mm (2.8 in), weight 250 g (8.8 oz). Stalk 20–25 mm (0.79–0.98 in).  | Cooking, eating  | PickE late October. PickG mid–late October; use December–March
Herrings Pippin (a.k.a. Herring's Seedling)[7][136][53][31][14][30] |  | Lincolnshire, England  | 1908, introduced 1917  | Large round conical, rather ribbed, greenish yellow with red flush and stripes. Flesh pale yellow with spicy aromatic flavour. Width 83 mm (3.3 in), height 68–76 mm (2.7–3.0 in). Stalk 5–10 mm (0.20–0.39 in). P Cox Orange x Cellini. AM from RHS in 1920.  | Eating, cooking  | PickE early September; use September–November
Herrnhut (a.k.a. Schöner von Herrnhut)[20][4] |  | Saxonia, Germany  | 1880  | A greenish yellow apple with red flush. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in), weight 95 g (3.4 oz). Stalk 15–25 mm (0.59–0.98 in). Flesh; soft, juicy, subacid. Density 0.65  | Cooking, eating  | PickE mid-September. PickG mid-September; use October–December
Herzogin Olga[28] |  | Germany  | <1860  | Width 72–80 mm (2.8–3.1 in), height 61–65 mm (2.4–2.6 in). Stalk 27 mm (1.1 in).  | Cooking, eating  | Pick late August; use September
Heta[38] |  | Finland  | Introduced 1996  | A red apple roundish to conical. P Lobo x Huvitus.  | Eating  | Pick late September
Heusgen's Golden Reinette (a.k.a. Peter Heusgen's Gold-Reinette)[7] |  | Germany  | 1877  | A yellow apple with red flush. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk medium. Flesh yellow, crisp, subacid.  | Eating, cooking  | PickE early October; use December–March
Heyer 12[11] |  | Saskatchewan, Canada  | Introduced c. 1940 | A greenish yellow apple. Very cold-tolerant. Flesh juicy, acid.  | Eating  | Use mid-August–October
Hibernal[26][27] |  | Russia  | <1870  | Fruit large, oblate-conic, yellow with red flush. Tree vigorous. Flesh yellow, firm, coarse, juicy, subacid, fair to good. TRI  |  | PickE early September. Use September–January
Hiester (a.k.a. Heaster, Heister)[9] |  | Pennsylvania, US  | <1875  | Flesh white, crisp, juicy, subacid, good. Tree vigorous, productive.  | Eating  | Use November–March
Higby Sweet (a.k.a. Lady Blush)[9] |  | US  | <1875  | Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 18 mm (0.71 in). Flesh white, tender, juicy, sweet, very good to best. Tree early and good bearer.  | Eating  | Use November–January
High Canons[14] |  | England  | Introduced 1887  | Yellow with red flush. Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). FCC from RHS in 1884. Flesh extremely crisp, acid, cooking well.  | Cooking  | Use until April
Hightop Sweet[137][138] |  | Plymouth, Massachusetts, US  | >1640  | Frog green-yellow skin with an occasional pink blush. Ribbed. May have some tiny white spots on the skin.  | Eating, cooking  |
High View Pippin[7][30] |  | Weybridge, Surrey, England  | 1911  | Small to medium-sized apple. Award of Merit from RHS in 1928.  | Eating  | PickE mid-October. Use November–March
Hildesheimer Goldrenette[15][32] |  | Lower Saxony, Germany  | <1889  | A green apple with red flush. Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 66 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 14 mm (0.55 in). Flesh whitish-yellow, juicy, subacid. Quality is good for eating.  | Eating, drying  | Pick October; use December–March
Himmelstalund[25] |  | Sweden  | <1870  | Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Flesh juicy, aromatic.  | Eating  | Use October–November
Histon Favourite (a.k.a. Chiver's Seedling)[7][30] |  | Cambridgeshire, England  | <1883  | Width 77 mm (3.0 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in). Stalk variable. Flesh soft, juicy, sweet.  | Eating, cooking  | PickE late September; use October–December
Hoadley[27] |  | US  | <1894  | W 91, H 65. Stalk 22 mm. Flesh white, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, good.  | Cooking  | Use September- November
Hoary Morning[7][13][34][28] |  | Possibly Somerset, England  | <1819  | Yellow with red stripes. Cells obovate, axile. Flesh, white, dry.  | Cider, cooking, eating  | PickE mid-September; use October–December
Hog Island Sweet[9][27] |  | New York, US  | <1857  | Flesh yellow, juicy, crisp, tender, aromatic, very sweet, good to very good. Stalk short.  | Eating  | Use September–October
Holiday[139] |  | Ohio, US  | Introduced 1964  | P Macoun x Jonathan. Flesh; crisp, juicy, sweet, vinous.  | Eating, cooking, baking  | Pick October 10 (in Ohio). PickE mid-October. Use November–December.
Holland Pippin (a.k.a. Summer Pippin, Pie Apple)[10][9][26][27] |  | Ontario, Canada or US  | <1820  | Width 77 mm (3.0 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 17 mm (0.67 in). Seeds sometimes imperfect. Flavor not agreeable for eating. Flesh white, crisp, tender, very juicy, subacid, good to very good. One of the very best kitchen apples.  | Cooking, pie  | PickE mid-October. Use October–November
Holland Winter[26][27] |  |  |  | A green apple. Width 85 mm (3.3 in), height 69 mm (2.7 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). Tree vigorous. Flesh white, firm, crisp, juicy, subacid, good.  | Eating  | Use December–May
Holstein(a.k.a. Holsteiner Cox)[7][31][140][4] |  | Germany  | 1918, introduced 1950  | An apple with a Cox-like flavour. Width 67–73 mm (2.6–2.9 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 9–15 mm (0.35–0.59 in). Flesh crisp, juicy, subacid.  | Eating  | PickE late September. PickG mid–late October: Pickg September 23–October 7. Use November–January
Honeycrisp[141][44] |  | Minnesota, US  | 1960, introduced 1991  | Has excellent eating and keeping qualities. Width 83 mm, height 73 mm. Yellow with 47% red overcolor. Very crisp white flesh is slightly tart with a strong honey-like sweetness. Quality varies from apple to apple. Developed by the University of Minnesota and best suited to cool climates. P Haralson x Keepsake.  | Eating  | Pick45 September 9. Pick55 August 25.
Honeygold[66] |  | Minnesota, US  | Cross made 1935, selected 1947, introduced 1969  | P Golden Delicious x Haralson. Flesh crisp, yellow, juicy. Quality excellent. Sweet tasting fruit. Tree has very showy, light pink blossoms in spring. Ripens October 1 in Minnesota.  | Eating  | Pick45 September 25. Pick55 September 10. PickE late October. Use November–December.
Hook[27] |  | US  | <1880  | A yellow apple. Width 91 mm (3.6 in), height 83 mm (3.3 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Flesh white, tender, juicy, mild subacid, aromatic, very good.  | Eating  | Use October–November
Hoover (a.k.a. Wattaugah)[9] |  | South Carolina, US  | <1850  | Width 79 mm (3.1 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Stalk 29 mm (1.1 in). Flesh yellowish, tender, juicy, subacid.  | Eating  | Use November–February
Horace[11] |  | Ontario, Canada  | Selected 1912  | P Langford Beauty x unknown. A medium size highly colored, striped apple. Most nearly resembles Fameuse.  |  | Use September–November
Hormead Pearmain[7][53][14][13] |  | Hertfordshire, England  | <1826  | Medium conical, greenish yellow with light brown flush. Flesh crisp, very juicy and pleasant. Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). Stalk short. Cells roundish, obovate, axile. AM from RHS in 1900.  | Cooking  | PickE early October. Use December–May
Horneburger Pfannkuchenapfel[7][4] |  | Germany  |  | Flesh; white, juicy, subacid.  | Cooking, Eating, Juice.  | PickG early - mid October. Pickg September 10–30. Use January - March.
Horse (a.k.a. Haas, Yellow Hoss)[9][10] |  | North Carolina, US  | <1850  | Width 81–83 mm (3.2–3.3 in), height 71–72 mm (2.8–2.8 in). Stalk 21–22 mm (0.83–0.87 in). Flesh yellow, tender, pleasant, subacid.  | Cooking, drying  | Use 31 July–1 August
Houblon[7][14] |  | Berkshire England  | <1901  | P Peasgood Nonsuch x Cox Orange. Width 71 mm (2.8 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk long. Raised by Charles Ross. Award of Merit from RHS in 1901.  | Eating  | PickE late September; use October–January
Hounslow Wonder[30] |  | England  | <1910  | Orange-yellow with scarlet flush and stripes. Stalk short. AM from RHS in 1910.  | Eating  | PickE mid-September. Use September–October
Howgate Wonder[7] agm[142][31][30] |  | Isle of Wight, England  | 1960  | Makes a lot of juice. Width 86 mm (3.4 in), height 72 mm (2.8 in). Flesh creamy-white, firm. P Annie Elizabeth x Peasgood Nonsuch.  | Cooking  | PickE early October; use October to March
Hubbard's Pearmain[12][13] |  | Norfolk, England  | <1800  | One of the richest flavoured dessert apples. Width 62 mm (2.4 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in). Cells obovate, axile.  | Eating  | PickE early to mid-October. Use November–April
Hubbardston Nonsuch (a.k.a. John May, Hubbardston, Old Town Pippin, fr. Non-pareille de Hubbardston)[71][10][27][26][143][28][34] |  | Massachusetts, US  | <1860  | Width 78–86 mm (3.1–3.4 in), height 70–77 mm (2.8–3.0 in). Stalk 17–28 mm (0.67–1.10 in). Flesh yellow juicy.  | Eating  | PickE mid-October. Use October–January
Humboldt[11] |  | California, US  | Introduced 1944  | P Transcedent x unknown.  |  |
Hunt's Duke of Gloucester[12] |  | Gloucestershire, England  | c. 1820 | A desert apple of first rate quality  | Eating  | PickE mid-September. Use December–February
Hunt's Early[14][30] |  | England  | c. 1800 | Yellow with brown-red flush. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 46 mm (1.8 in). P Margaret x Reinette de Hollande. Flesh soft, pale yellow, good.  | Eating  | Pick mid-August. Use August.

### I

[edit]

Common name  | Image  | Origin  | First developed  | Comment  | Use  | Pick/Use period

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Idagold[11] |  | Idaho, US  | Introduced 1944  | P Esopus Spitzenburg x Wagener.  | Eating  | PickE mid-October. Use January–March.
Idajon[11][8] |  | Idaho, US  | Selected 1936, Introduced 1949  | P Wagener x Jonathan. Ripens 10 days before Jonathan. Cold storage3-4oC 120 days.  | Eating  | PickE late October. Use December–January.
Idared[7] agm[144][4][31][8] |  | Moscow, Idaho, US  | Selected 1935, introduced 1942  | A medium-sized deep red apple. Crisp white flesh is tart and juicy, and can be somewhat bland if eaten out of hand, however, Idared is an exceptional cooking apple. Flesh keeps is shape, and the flavour becomes much stronger with cooking. An excellent keeping apple, Idared remains hardy and durable in proper storage for as long as 8 months. Idared is a cross between Jonathan and Wagener developed at the University of Idaho. Width 65–90 mm (2.6–3.5 in), height 50–75 mm (2.0–3.0 in), weight 150–180 g (5.3–6.3 oz). Stalk 18–30 mm (0.71–1.18 in). Prone to canker, scab, very prone to mildew. Cold storage 2-3oC 180 days. Density 0.79  | Cooking, eating  | Pick45 October 4. Pick55 September 20. PickE mid-October. PickG late October. Pickg October 1–25. Use December–April
Imperatriz[18] |  | Brazil  | Introduced 1997  | P Gala x Mollie's Delicious. Flesh sweet, subacid.  | Eating  |
Improved Blaxtayman 201.[11] |  | Washington, US  | Introduced 1944  | Mutation of Stayman Winesap  |  |
Indo[6] |  | Japan  | <1930  | Flesh greenis-yellow, sweet, very firm.  | Eating  | PickE mid to late October. Use January - March.
Ingol[5][4][8] |  | Germany  | 1954  | A red apple. Weight 184 g (6.5 oz). P Ingrid Marie x Golden Delicious. Cold storage 1oC 120 days.  | Eating  | PickG late September–early October. PickE early October. Pickg September 23–October 7. Use October–January
Ingrid Marie[7][4][25][32][8] |  | Flemlöse, Denmark  | 1910, introduced 1936.  | A medium size (90–180 g (3.2–6.3 oz)) red apple. Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 12–25 mm (0.47–0.98 in). P Cox Orange x Cox Pomona. Flesh: juicy, subacid. The most popular eating apple in Sweden. Cold storage 4oC 100 days. Density 0.80  | Eating  | PickE late September.Pickg September 15–30. Use November–February
Irish Peach[7][13][24][31] |  | Kilkenny, Ireland  | 19th century  | Excellent for baking. Early harvest. Width 61–65 mm (2.4–2.6 in), height 48–55 mm (1.9–2.2 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in).Cells obovate, axile, open. More difficult to find within land of origin due to primary use for export to UK. Hardy, tastes very good straight off tree.  | Cooking, eating  | PickE mid–late August; use August–September

### J

[edit]

Common name  | Image  | Origin  | First developed  | Comment  | Use  | Pick/Use period

|
|
|
|
|
|

Jacobs Sweet[26] |  | Massachusetts, US  | c. 1860 | A round yellow apple. Flesh yellow, firm, tender, crisp, juicy, aromatic, very sweet, good.  | Eating  | Use October–April
Jakob Fischer[5][4] |  | Germany  | 1903  | A yellow apple with red flush. Flesh; juicy, subacid.  | Eating  | PickG September; use September–October
Jakob Lebel (cs. Lebelovo, fr. Jacques Lebel)[4][24][97][34][28][8] |  | Amiens, France  | 1825, introduced 1849.  | A very large apple. Width 82–94 mm (3.2–3.7 in), height 63–73 mm (2.5–2.9 in). Weight 185 g (6.5 oz). Stalk 10–25 mm (0.39–0.98 in). Flesh; soft, juicy, subacid to acid. Cold storage 2oC 150 days. VitC 8. Density 0.81 TRI  | Cooking, juice  | PickG mid-September; use October–December.
Jamba[4][8] |  | Germany  | 1954\. Introduced 1969.  | Flesh; aromatic, juicy, subacid. Cold storage 4oC 60 days.  | Eating  | PickE early September. PickG mid-August–early September. Pickg August 23–September 7. Use August–October.
James Grieve[7] agm[145][24][4][31][8] |  | Edinburgh, Scotland  | 1893  | Good taste, but poor keeper (bruises easily). Width 70–80 mm (2.8–3.1 in), height 60–65 mm (2.4–2.6 in). Weight 140 g (4.9 oz). Stalk 15–33 mm (0.59–1.30 in). AM from RHS in 1897. FCC from RHS in 1906. Prone to scab, canker, resistant to mildew. Flesh; soft, juicy, aromatic, subacid to sweet. Cold storage 4oC 60 days. VitC 7. Density 0.76  | Cooking, eating  | PickE early September. Pickg August 25–September 7. Use September–October
Jaspi[38] |  | Finland  | Introduced 1980  | A red apple. P Lobo x Huvitus. Flesh sweet, subacid, aromatic, good.  | Eating  | Pick September; use September–October
Jaune[33][34] |  | Montfort, Sarthe, France  | <1860  | A yellow apple. Width 78 mm (3.1 in), height 60–70 mm (2.4–2.8 in). Stalk 5–10 mm (0.20–0.39 in).  |  | Use January–May
Jazz (Scifresh)[120] |  | New Zealand | Cross made 1985, introduced 2007  | Bright red round apple with subtle yellow under-striping. Tart to sweet, dense and very crunchy with effervescent texture. From sweet Royal Gala × firm, tart Braeburn. Widely sold commercially in the UK.  | Eating  | Pick 1 week before Braeburn
Jefferies[9][10][26][27] |  | Pennsylvania, US  | <1849  | Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 53–57 mm (2.1–2.2 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Flesh yellowish-white, juicy, crisp, tender, subacid, aromatic, very good. DBH 116.  | Eating  | Pick50 September 1. PickE mid-September. Use September–December.
Jerseymac[4][146][8] |  | New Jersey, US  | Cross made 1956, selected 1961, introduced 1971.  | A green apple flushed with red (50–75%). Width 70–73 mm (2.8–2.9 in). Flesh; juicy, aromatic, subacid. Cold storage 3-4oC 90 days.  | Eating  | PickG mid-August. Use August.
Jersey Sweet[9][10][26][27] |  | US  | <1820  | Width 72–90 mm (2.8–3.5 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 13–17 mm (0.51–0.67 in). Flesh yellow, tender, juicy, aromatic, very sweet, good to very good.  | Baking  | Use August–October
Jewett Red[26][27] |  | New Hampshire, US  | <1850  | Yellow with red flush. Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). Flesh yellow, tender, juicy, aromatic, mild subacid, good to very good.  | Eating  | Use October–February
John Standish[7][31] |  | Berkshire, England  | Raised 1873, introduced 1921  | Yellow-white flat-round apple, 50–75% flushed. Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 54–57 mm (2.1–2.2 in). Stalk 15–23 mm (0.59–0.91 in). AM from RHS in 1922.  | Eating  | Pick mid-October; use December–February
Jonadel[8] |  | Iowa, US  | Raised 1923, introduced 1958  | Parentage Jonathan x Red Delicious. Cold storage 2oC 150 days.  | Eating  |
Jonafree (a.k.a. Co-op 22)[147] |  | Urbana, Illinois, US  | Selected 1972, introduced 1979  | Flesh yellow, fine grained, crisp, juicy. Tree is vigorous. Width 63–76 mm (2.5–3.0 in), height 55–70 mm (2.2–2.8 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). P: (14-644 x Jonathan) x (Gallia Beauty x Red Spy).  | Eating  | Pick45 September 10. Pick55 September 1. Use September–October.
Jonagold[7] agm[148][4][18][149][8] |  | Geneva, New York, US  | cross made 1953, first fruited 1953, introduced 1968  | P Golden Delicious x Jonathan. Popular in Europe and land of origin. Width 60–90 mm (2.4–3.5 in), height 60–85 mm (2.4–3.3 in). Weight 150–200 g (5.3–7.1 oz). Stalk 15–35 mm (0.59–1.38 in). Several highly coloured strains are available. Widely sold commercially in the United Kingdom. Cold storage 0-1oC 90 days. Density 0.82 TRI  | Eating, cooking  | Pick45 October 4. Pick55 September 15. Pickg September 23 –October 15. Use October–March.
Jonagrimes[11] |  | Indiana, US  | Introduced 1920s.  | P unknown. A yellow apple streaked with red.  | Eating, cooking  | Ripens two weeks ahead of Jonathan.
Jonamac[18] |  | Geneva, New York, US  | 1972  | P McIntosh x Jonathan.  | Eating  | Pick45 September 15. Pick55 August 26.
Jonared[11] |  | Washington, US  | Discovered 1930. Introduced 1934  | Mutation of Jonathan.  |  |
Jonathan (cs. Jonathan, Džóetn, ru. Djonathan)[10][31][24][27][127][32][13][26][28][17] |  | Kingston, New York, US  | 1820s  | Tart taste. Mostly red apple with patches of lime green. Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 58–61 mm (2.3–2.4 in). Weight 95–110 g (3.4–3.9 oz). Stalk 8–18 mm (0.31–0.71 in). Cells obovate, axile, slit. VitC 9-25. Density 0.77 Does well in cooler areas; some frost resistance. DBH 139–145.  | Cooking (pie), eating  | Pick45 September 15. Pick55 September 5. PickE early October. Pickg September 23–October 15. Use November–April.
Jonwin[11] |  | California, US  | Introduced 1944  | P Jonathan x Baldwin.  |  | Pick early October; use November–April
Joybells[7] |  | Surrey, England  | 1914  | Pale yellow, 25–75% flushed red. Flesh crisp, juicy and sweet, with pleasant flavour. AGM from RHS in 1922. Width 77 mm (3.0 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Stalk variable.  | Eating  | Pick late September; use October–March
Joyce[109] |  | Ottawa, Canada  | Raised 1898, selected 1912, introduced 1924.  | A green apple with red overcolor. Width 64–81 mm (2.5–3.2 in), height 56–69 mm (2.2–2.7 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Flesh: white, soft, sweet. DBH 107  | Eating  | Pick50 August 21.
Jubilee[11] |  | B.C. Canada  | Introduced 1939  | P McIntosh x Grimes Golden. Flesh cream-colored, firm, crisp, juicy.  |  | Pick 3 weeks later than McIntosh. Use until February.
Judson[27] |  | Iowa, US  | <1899  | Greenish yellow with red flush. Width 99 mm (3.9 in), height 85 mm (3.3 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Flesh white, firm, crisp, juicy, fair to good.  | Eating  | Use October–December
Juliet[150] |  | Illinois, US  | Cross made 1970, selected 1977  | A green apple with red overcolor (60–90%). Width 64–76 mm (2.5–3.0 in), height 56–67 mm (2.2–2.6 in). Stalk 20–23 mm (0.79–0.91 in). Flesh yellow, firm, crisp, fruity, subacid. SS 14.7  | Eating, cooking  | Pick: 2–3 weeks after Delicious.
Julita Gylling[29] |  | Sweden  |  | Yellow with red flush. Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 61 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 10–30 mm (0.39–1.18 in).  | Cooking, eating  | Pick September; use October–December
Julyred[4] |  | New Jersey, US  | Introduced 1962  | Width 62–70 mm, height 53–61 mm. Stalk 24 mm. Flesh white, soft, juicy, subacid.  | Eating  | PickG late July - early August.
Junaluska |  | North Carolina, US  | c. 1815 | Once thought to be extinct but rediscovered in 2001 in rural North Carolina. Native American origin. Named for Cherokee chief Junaluska, leader in Battle of Horseshoe Bend, believed to have planted original tree. Extremely russeted and ugly apple but very hardy tree with superior taste to commercial varieties.  | Cooking, cider, eating  |
Junami (a.k.a. Diwa, Milwa)  |  | Switzerland  | c. 2010 | A cross between Idared and Maigold with Elstar. Beautifully round, fresh and fruity taste with a crunchy bite.  | Cooking, eating  |
June Wealthy[11] |  | Ohio, US  | Introduced 1947  | P Wealthy x unknown. A dark red apple. Ripens with Yellow Transparent.  |  |
Juno[4][20] |  | Müncheberg/Mark, Germany  | Introduced 1971  | A yellow to green apple with red overcolor. Width 79 mm (3.1 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in), weight 190 g (6.7 oz). Stalk 15–22 mm (0.59–0.87 in). Flesh, juicy, aromatic, subacid. Density 0.83  | Eating, cooking, juice  | Pick October; use January–May
Junost[38] |  | Russia  | 1938  | A yellow apple. P Gulkanel x Transparante Blanche. Flesh juicy, sweet, good.  | Eating, cooking  | Pick September
Jupiter agm[151][43] |  | England  | raised 1966, introduced 1981  | A large, round, slightly conic apple. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Light yellow-green skin with a red-orange blush and stripes. Strong apple flavour is well-balanced between sweet and sharp. Cross of Cox's Orange Pippin and Starking Delicious (a red sport of Delicious), apple retains Cox's flavour, but tree is easier to grow. TRI.  | Eating  | PickE early October. Use October–January.

### K

[edit]

Common name  | Image  | Origin  | First developed  | Comment  | Use  | Pick/Use period

|
|
|
|
|
|

Kaighn(a.k.a. Kaighn Spitzenburg)[10][27][9] |  | Gloucester County, New Jersey, US  | <1830  | Flesh yellow, juicy, tender. Tree vigorous.  | Cooking, Drying  | Use November- January
Kaiser Wilhelm[4][97][8] |  | Germany  | 1864  | A large apple width 94 mm, height 80 mm,(170 g (6.0 oz)). Stalk 18 mm. Golden Reinette x unknown. Flesh; dry subacid. Cold storage 2oC 180 days. VitC 15. Density 0.77  | Eating, cooking  | PickE early October. PickG mid October. Use November–March
Kalemčica[19] |  | Montenegro  |  | A green apple. Russet in stalk cavity. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 48 mm (1.9 in), weight 76 g (2.7 oz). Stalk short to medium. Flesh cream colored, juicy, sweet. Disease resistant.  | Eating, cooking, cider  | Pick September; use September–March
Kalmar Glasäpple[24] |  | Sweden  | 18th century[152] | The body is light yellow, and the taste is a mix of acidity and sweetness. Width 78 mm (3.1 in), height 65 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 8–15 mm (0.31–0.59 in). Harvesting may begin in early October and it is typically fully ripe in early December.  | Cooking, eating  |
Kalterer Böhmer(ru. Kalteter Böhmer, Mantuanskoe, Nariadnoe, Zimnee raspisnoe)[15][17][8] |  | South Tyrolean, Austria  | <1900  | A yellow apple with red flush (75%). Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in). Flesh, white, subacid, aromatic, good. Cold storage 2oC 180 days.  | Eating, cooking  | Pick October; use November–February
Kanzi (Nicoter)  |  | Belgium  | 1991  | Gala × Braeburn. Crunchy, juicy, sweet, slightly tangier than Gala.  | Eating  |
Karapash[19] |  | Albania  |  | Yellow to green with red stripes. Width 60–70 mm (2.4–2.8 in), height 60–70 mm (2.4–2.8 in), weight 110–150 g (3.9–5.3 oz). Stalk short to medium. Flesh white, juicy, sweet, subacid, aromatic. Sensitive to apple scab.  | Eating  | Pick late October
Kardinal Bea[5][4] |  | Germany  | 1930  | A German cider apple. Sugar-acid-ratio 15:1. Flesh; greenish-white, juicy, subacid.  | Cider, juice  | PickG early October; use October–February
Karmeliter Renette (see Reinette de Carmes)
Karmijn de Sonnaville (a.k.a. Karminj)[4][43][8] |  | Wageningen, Netherlands  | Cross made 1949, introduced 1971  | Yellow ground colour when ripe, with red flush, and russet depending on the season. Large apple, though shape can be irregular. Cold storage 4oC 90 days. TRI  | Cooking, juice, eating  | PickE early October. PickG early–mid-October. Pickg September 23–October 7. Use October–December.
Kasseler Renette (see Dutch Mignonne)  |  |  |  |  |  |
Katy (apple) (a.k.a. Katja)[31][66] |  | Balsgård, Fjälkestad, Sweden  | Cross made 1947, selected 1955, introduced 1966.  | Early eating apple with red skin and pale cream flesh. Width 66 mm (2.6 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 21 mm (0.83 in). Well suited to Northern European climate.  | Eating  | PickE early September; use September–early October
Kavlås[25][24] |  | Sweden  | <1820  | Width 80–87 mm (3.1–3.4 in), height 70–79 mm (2.8–3.1 in). Stalk 20–30 mm (0.79–1.18 in). Flesh juicy, sweet, subacid, good.  | Eating  | Pick early October; use October–December
Kendall[11] |  | Geneva, New York  | Introduced 1932  | Large, dark red. P McIntosh x Zusoff  | Eating  | PickE early October.
Keepsake[153][43] |  | Minnesota, US  | Cross made 1936, selected 1947, introduced 1978  | A green apple with red overcolor. Width 72 mm (2.8 in), height 66 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). Flesh: light yellow, hard crisp, juicy, sweet, aromatic, good. DBH 155–170.  | Eating, pie  |
Kent (see Malling Kent)
Kentucky Long Stem[9] |  | Kentucky, US  | <1850  | Flesh greenish white, sweet, subacid.  | Eating  | Use December–March
Kerry Pippin[7][37][13] |  | County Antrim, Ireland  | c. 1805 | Pale to golden yellow flesh. Delightful spicy taste. Well suited to Ireland's moist, cool climate. Width 54–60 mm (2.1–2.4 in), height 44–56 mm (1.7–2.2 in). Stalk 15–26 mm (0.59–1.02 in). Cells round to obovate, axile.  | Eating  | PickE late August; use August–September. Denmark pick mid-September, use October–November.
Keswick Codlin (a.k.a. Keswick)[7][31][27][10][13] |  | England  | Introduced 1790  | A yellow apple. Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 9 mm (0.35 in). Cells ovate, abaxile. Flesh yellowish white, soft, acid.  | Cooking  | PickE mid–late August; use August–October
Kidd's Orange Red[7] agm[154][4][8] |  | New Zealand  | 1924  | Cox's Orange Pippin × Delicious. Yellow skin with orange red flush. Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). Chewy rather than crunchy. Flesh; crisp, juicy, aromatic. Cold storage 4oC 90 days.  | Eating  | PickE mid-October. PickG late September–early October. Use November–January.
Kim[25] |  | Sweden  | 1955  | Yellow apple with red overcolour. Width 71 mm (2.8 in), height 66 mm (2.6 in). P Cortland x Ingrid Marie.  | Eating, cooking  | PickE late September; use October–March
King Albert[30] |  | England  | <1936  | Large yellow striped with scarlet. Stalk short.  | Cooking  |
King David[30][26] |  | Arkansas, US  | 1893\. Introduced 1902  | Yellow with red stripes. P Jonathan x Winesap.  | Cooking, eating  | PickE mid-October. Use October–November
King Georg V[7][30] |  | Isle of Wight, England  | 1898  | P Cox Orange x unknown. Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk variable. AM from RHS in 1927. Flesh white, crisp, juicy, subacid with pineapple flavour.  | Eating  | PickE mid-October; use November–March
King Harry[14][30] |  | England  | <1892  | Pale yellow with russet. Oval-conical. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Flesh firm, yellow, good. AM from RHS in 1892.  | Cooking  | Use October–November
King of the Pippins (cs. Parména zlata, de. Winter Goldparmäne, fr. Reine des Reinettes, pl. Królowa renet, ru. Zolotoi parmen, Zimnii zoltoi parmen)[7] agm[155][4][33][16][34][17] |  | France  | <1800  | Suitable for more northerly (southerly in the Southern Hemisphere) areas with higher rainfall. Width 67–70 mm (2.6–2.8 in), height 57–66 mm (2.2–2.6 in), weight 110 g (3.9 oz). Stalk 10–20 mm (0.39–0.79 in). VitC 18–20. Density 0.84  | Eating, cooking, cider  | PickG mid-September–early October. PickE early October. Pickg September 15–30. Use October–February
King of Tomkins County (a.k.a. King Apple, Toms Red, Tommy Red)[9][10][7][13][14] |  | New Jersey, US  | <1804  | Width 74–87 mm (2.9–3.4 in), height 60–70 mm (2.4–2.8 in). Stalk 19–22 mm (0.75–0.87 in). Cells obovate abaxile. Flesh juicy, tender, vinous, aromatic. AM from RHS in 1900. Triploid.  | Eating  | PickE mid-October. Use December–March
King Russet agm[156] |  | United Kingdom  |  | Russetted form of King of the Pippins  | Eating  |
King's Acre Bountiful[14] |  | Herefordshire, England  | <1904  | Creamy white. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in). Stalk short. AM from RHS in 1904. Tree very fertile.  | Cooking  | PickE early September. Use October–November
King's Acre Pippin[7][31] |  | England  | 1897  | P Sturmer Pippin x Ribston. Width 73–82 mm (2.9–3.2 in), height 67–72 mm (2.6–2.8 in). AM from RHS in 1897. Stalk 17 mm (0.67 in). Flesh white, juicy, aromatic.  | Eating  | PickE mid-October; use December–March
Kingston Black agm[157] |  |  |  | Small yellow fruits, heavily flushed with deep red. Does not bear or store well. Fruits November  | Cider  |
Kissabel Rouge[84] |  | Seiches sur le Loir, France  | cross made 2006  | Width 78 mm. Resistant to scab.  | Eating  | ripens with Braeburn
Kleiner Fleiner[28] |  | Württemberg, Germany  | <1794  | A yellow conical apple with red overcolor. Width 56–67 mm., height 53–68 mm. Stalk 10 mm. Flesh, juicy, subacid.  | Eating, Cooking  | Pick October. Use November - March.
Klockhammarsäpple[25] |  | Sweden  | <1860  | A small yellow apple with red stripes. Width 62 mm (2.4 in), height 54 mm (2.1 in).  | Eating, cooking  |
Knobby Russet (a.k.a. Knobbed Russet; Old Maid's Winter Apple)[12] |  | Sussex, England  | 1819  | Green and yellow, with rough and black russet. Unusually irregular, warty and knobbly surface.  | Cider, eating  | PickE mid-October. Use December–March
Konfetnoje (a.k.a. Konfetnaja)[38] |  | Russia  |  | A yellow apple with some red stripes. P Papirova x Korobovka. Flesh has a pear-like aroma.  | Eating  | Pick mid–late August
Konsta[38] |  | Finland  | Introduced 1997  | A red apple. P Lobo x Antonovka. Flesh white, subacid, aromatic.  | Eating, cooking  | Pick mid-October
Koritschnevoje[38] |  | Russia  | <1850  | A yellow apple with red stripes.  | Eating  | Pick September; use September–October
Koritschnevoje Ananásnoje[38] |  | Russia  | <1840  | Medium size round, green with yellow stripes.  | Cooking, eating  | Pick September, use September
Kosztela |  | Poland  | 16th century  |  | Eating  |
Krstovača[19] |  | Montenegro  |  | Yellowish green with red flush. Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in), weight 180 g (6.3 oz). Stalk medium. Flesh, firm, sweet, juicy. Disease resistant.  | Eating, cooking  | Pick October; use October–April
Krupnaja[19] |  | Montenegro  |  | A greenish-yellow apple. Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 61 mm (2.4 in), weight 180 g (6.3 oz). Stalk short to medium. Flesh creamy white, firm, juicy, tasty.  | Eating, cooking  | Pick early September; use September–October
Kugelapfel[28] |  | Germany  | <1800  | A green apple with red overcolor (0-15%). Width 69–98 mm, height 58–75 mm. Stalk 21 mm. Flesh subacid.  | Cooking  | Pick October. Use December - May.
Kuqula (a.k.a. Mollekuqja)[19] |  | Albania  |  | A yellow apple with red covering (75%). Width 50–60 mm (2.0–2.4 in), height 60–65 mm (2.4–2.6 in), weight 80–100 g (2.8–3.5 oz). Flesh yellowish white, subacid, sweet, aromatic. Resistant to Venturia ineaqualis and Codling Moth. A good keeper.  | Eating  | Pick early October

### L

[edit]

Common name  | Image  | Origin  | First developed  | Comment  | Use  | Pick/Use period

|
|
|
|
|
|

Lacker[10] |  | Pennsylvania, US  | <1800  | Flesh white, juicy, subacid, aromatic.  | Eating  | Use January–March
Lady[10][27][26] |  | France  | <1800  | A small apple. Width 46 mm (1.8 in), height 33 mm (1.3 in). Stalk 5–6 mm (0.20–0.24 in). Flesh white, firm, crisp, tender, juicy, aromatic, mild subacid, good to very good.  | Eating  | Use December–May
Lady Alice |  | Washington, US  | 1979  | Medium-sized, roundish oblate with thin yellow-green skin with an orange blush and bright red stripes. Crisp yellowish-white flesh is sweet with hints of honey and almond. Don Emmons purchased a neglected orchard of Red Delicious near Gleed, Washington, in 1978. While cultivating between trees, a disc from the plow hit the base of a tree. The injury caused a new shoot to grow from the rootstock (likely a seedling grown from a pip). The shoot was allowed to grow and bear fruit which Emmons named for his mother, Alice.[158] |  |
Lady Henniker[7][13][31][14][159] |  | Thornham Hill, Suffolk, England  | 1840–1850  | Large, oblong, ribbed. Flesh is sweet and spicy, firm, rather coarse textured. Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Cells obovate, abaxile. TRI  | Eating, cooking  | PickE early October. Use November–January
Lady's Sweet (a.k.a. Pommeroy, Roa Yon)[9][10][26][27] |  | US  | <1860  | Yellowish-green with red flush. Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 14–20 mm (0.55–0.79 in). Flesh crisp, tender, juicy with a delicious perfumed flavor, very good to best.  | Eating  | Use December–May
Lady Sudely[7][31][14] |  | Petworth, England  | 1849, introduced 1885  | A golden yellow apple with 50–100% red flush. Width 67–74 mm (2.6–2.9 in), height 57–67 mm (2.2–2.6 in). Stalk 5–10 mm (0.20–0.39 in). Flesh creamy white, juicy and subacid.  | Eating  | PickE mid-August; Use August–September
Lady Williams[6] |  | Australia  | c1935  | A green apple with red flush. Width 70–78 mm. Height 65–70 mm. Stalk short. Flesh: firm, crisp  | Eating  | Pick November. Use January - May.
Lagatorka[19] |  | Montenegro  |  | Yellow with red stripes (90%). Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in), weight 149 g (5.3 oz). Stalk medium. Flesh very juicy, acid, good.  | Eating  | Pick early October; Use October–March
Lakeland[11][80] |  | Minnesota, US  | Introduced 1950  | A red apple. P Malinda x Wealthy.  | Eating  | PickE early September. Use September–October.
Lamb Abbey Pearmain[13] |  | Kent, England  | 1804  | A small yellow apple streaked and striped with red. Width 57 mm, height 51 mm. Stalk 6–13 mm. Cells obovate, axile. Flesh: yellowish-white, firm, crisp, very juicy, subacid, rich vinous flavour.  | Eating  | Use January–April
Lancaster Greening (a.k.a. Lancaster Pippin)[9] |  | Pennsylvania, US  | <1870  | A green apple with russet. Flesh yellow, juicy, pleasant, subacid.  | Eating  | Use December–May
Landsberger Reinette (a.k.a. Landsberger, cs. Landsberská reneta, fr. Reinette de Landsberg)[7][12][4][27][16][35][34][8] |  | Gorzow Wielkopolski, Poland  | 1840  | An excellent apple for eating or cooking. Width 79–87 mm (3.1–3.4 in), height 64–78 mm (2.5–3.1 in), weight 130 g (4.6 oz). Stalk 14–22 mm (0.55–0.87 in).Cold storage 0oC 150 days. VitC 3–6. Density 0.75  | Cooking, eating  | PickE late September. Pickg September 20–October 15. Use October–January.
Lane's Prince Albert[7][13][14][24][4]agm[160][31][16] |  | Berkhampstead, Hertfordshire, England  | 1841, introduced 1857  | Green with orange blush. Makes a good apple crumble for Christmas: peak ripening happens in winter. Width 65–97 mm (2.6–3.8 in), height 60–75 mm (2.4–3.0 in), weight 115–200 g (4.1–7.1 oz). Stalk 10–20 mm (0.39–0.79 in). Cells elliptical, abaxile. Resistant to scab, very prone to mildew, prone to canker. P Russet Nonpareil x Dumelow's Seedling. VitC 13.  | Cooking  | PickE early October; use December–March
Langeland[24] |  | Denmark  | <1800  | Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 80 mm (3.1 in). Prone to canker.  | Eating  |
Langley Pippin[7][53][14] |  | Chelsea, Buckinghamshire, England  |  | Medium, tall, conical, brightly striped red. Flesh yellowish, soft and well flavoured. P Cox Orange x Gladstone.  | Eating  | Use August
Lansingburgh[10] |  | Possibly Ohio, US  | <1810  | Flesh firm, subacid.  | Cooking, eating  | Use November–May
Large Bough (see Sweet Bough)  |  |  |  |  |  |
Late Strawberry (a.k.a. Autumn Strawberry)[9][26][27][10] |  | Aurora, New York, US  | <1848  | Whitish with red flush. Width 73–79 mm (2.9–3.1 in), height 63–69 mm (2.5–2.7 in). Stalk 22–24 mm (0.87–0.94 in). Flesh, yellow, fine, crisp juicy, vinous, subacid, very good.  | Eating  | Use October–December
Lawver[9][27][26] |  | Possibly Kansas, US  | <1850  | Width 61 mm (2.4 in), height 46 mm (1.8 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Biennial. Flesh white, firm, crisp, aromatic, subacid. Stalk medium.  | Eating  | Use January–May
Laxton's Advance (see Advance)  |  |  |  |  |  |
Laxton's Early Crimson[53][31] |  | Bedfordshire, England  | Raised 1908. Introduced 1931.  | Width 51–67 mm (2.0–2.6 in), height 51–63 mm (2.0–2.5 in). Stalk 17–21 mm (0.67–0.83 in). A green apple flushed with brownish purple. Flesh very sweet, little acidity. P Worcester Pearmain x Gladstone [es].  | Eating  | PickE early August; use August
Laxton's Epicure agm[161][31] |  | Bedfordshire, United Kingdom  | 1909  | Aromatic sweet fruit, tendency to biennial habit, bruises easily. Width 58–63 mm (2.3–2.5 in), height 49–54 mm (1.9–2.1 in). Stalk 30–35 mm (1.2–1.4 in). Yellow flesh with streaks of red and orange.  | Eating  | Pick late August; use August–September
Laxton's Exquisite (see Exquisite)
Laxton's Favourite[53] |  | Bedfordshire, England  | Raised 1925, introduced 1951.  | Sweet crisp, juicy flesh. A yellow apple totally flushed and streaked with orange red.  | Eating  | Pick late August; use September–October
Laxton's Fortune (see Fortune)  |
Laxton's Herald[6] |  | Bedfordshire, England  | 1906  | Yellow skinned flushed almost completely with red stripes.  | Eating  | PickE late August; use September.
Laxton's Imperial[30] |  | England  | 1907, introduced 1926 or 1928  | Yellow with red flush. P Cox Orange x Allington.  | Eating  |
Laxton's Leader[30] |  | Bedfordshire, England  | 1905  | A small apple. Width 57 mm (2.2 in), height 46 mm (1.8 in). P Gladstone x Worcester Pearmain.  | Eating  | PickE early August; use August
Laxton's Pearmain[30][162] |  | Bedfordshire, England  | 1897, introduced 1922  | Cellini x Cox Orange Pippin. Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 54 mm (2.1 in). AM from RHS in 1922. Raised by Laxton brothers.  | Eating  | PickE mid-October. Use October–January.
Laxton's Peerless[6] |  | Bedfordshire, England  | 1900, introduced 1922  | A large yellow skinned apple with scattered russet. AM from RHS in 1920. Width 86 mm (3.4 in), height 72 mm (2.8 in). Flesh crisp, acid. Prone to bitter pit.  | Eating  | PickE mid-September; use September–November
Laxton's Pioneer[6] |  | Bedfordshire, England  | 1934  | Large yellow apple almost completely covered with ared flush and stripes. Width 82 mm (3.2 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in).  | Eating  | Pick late September; use October–November
Laxton's Rearguard[6] |  | Bedfordshire, England  | Raised 1907  | A greenish yellow apple with orange red blush. Width 53 mm. Height 43 mm. Stalk 20 mm. Flesh: greenish-white, firm, crisp, sweet-sharp, slightly aromatic, flavour.  | Eating  | PickE early October. Use November–January.
Laxton's Royalty[30] |  | Bedfordshire, England  | Raised 1908, introduced 1932.  | Yellow with red flush. Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 50 mm (2.0 in). Cox-like aroma. Flesh sweet and juicy. P Cox Orange x Court Pendu Plat.  | Eating  | PickE late October. Use January–March.
Laxton's Superb[7][4][16][8] |  | Bedfordshire, England  | Raised 1897, introduced 1922  | P: Cellini x Cox's Orange Pippin. AM from RHS in 1919. FCC from RHS in 1921. Classic old Victorian British apple. Green with dull red flush. Firm texture, but not very good juice producer. Prone to scab. Biennial. Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in), weight 105 g (3.7 oz). Stalk 10–30 mm (0.39–1.18 in). Cold storage 2oC 150 days. VitC 5. Density 0.80  | Eating  | Pickg October 1–15. Use October–March
Laxton's Triumph[30][6] |  | Bedfordshire, England  | Raised 1902. Introduced 1930.  | Yellow with red flush. Width 60 mm (2.4 in), height 48 mm (1.9 in). P King of the Pippins x Cox Orange. Flesh aromatic, sharp. Particularly attractive blossom.  | Eating  | PickE late October; use November–January
Laxton's Victory[6] |  | Bedfordshire, England  | 1926  | A yellow apple with brown flush. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Flesh sweet and aromatic.  | Eating  | PickE early September; use September–October
Lemoenappel[16] |  | Lunteren, Netherlands  | 1885\. Introduced 1899.  | A yellow apple with orange flush. Width 88 mm (3.5 in), height 78 mm (3.1 in). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in).  |  | Use November–January
Lemon Pippin[7][12] |  | England or France  | <1744  | A medium-sized apple. Flesh: firm, crisp, and briskly flavoured. A small tree.  | Cooking, eating  | PickE early October. Use October–December.
Lentsche Roode[16] |  | Possibly the Netherlands  |  | A yellow apple with red flush (60–90%). Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 19 mm (0.75 in).  |  | Use October–November.
Lewis Incomparable[7][13] |  | England  | <1800  | Greenish yellow with 25–75% orange-red flush. Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 73 mm (2.9 in). Stalk short. Cells obovate, axile. Flesh greenish-white, dry, subacid.  | Cooking, eating, pie  | Pick early October; use December–February
Liberty[163] |  | New York  | First fruited 1961, introduced 1978  | A greenish-yellow apple, red striped. Very disease-resistant. P: PRI 54-12 x Macoun. Flesh nearly white, crisp, juicy, coarse. Very similar appearance to McIntosh, relatively short storage life in air. Ripens 4 days before Delicious.  | Eating  | Pick45 September 20. Pick 55 September 5. Use October–December.
Limbertwig[10][58] |  | Virginia, US  | <1800  | Width 78 mm (3.1 in), height 65 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 8 mm (0.31 in). Flesh subacid, very juicy, rich, aromatic.  | Cooking, eating.  | PickE late October. Use March–April
Limelight |  | Kent, England  | 2000  | Greensleeves type; abundant cropping and a compact tree. A pale green apple with a smooth finish and occasional pink blush. Crisp flesh and disease resistant tree.  | Eating  |
Limonen-Reinette[28] |  | ?  | <1820  | A yellow apple with red overcolor. Width 66 mm, height 55 mm. Stalk 15 mm. Flesh yellowish, juicy, subacid.  | Eating  | Pick October. Use January - June.
Linda[164] |  | Ottawa, Ontario, Canada  | Selected 1914. Introduced c. 1935  | A large apple. Tree vigorous.  | Eating  |
Linsenhofener Renette (a.k.a. Linsenhofer Sämling)[5][4] |  | Baden-Württemberg, Germany  |  | A green apple with red flush. Flesh; yellowish, crisp, juicy, subacid.  | Cooking, cider, juice.  | PickG mid-October; use October–March.
Liveland Raspberry (a.k.a. Lowland Raspberry)[83] |  | Livland Governorate | Before 1870 (documented)  | A white apple with red flush. Flesh very tender, sweet.  | Eating  | Pick August
Ljutaĉa (a.k.a. Kiseljaĉa)[19] |  | Montenegro  |  | A green apple. Russet in stalk cavity. Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 51 mm (2.0 in), weight 111 g (3.9 oz). Stalk medium. Flesh creamy green, juicy, subacid.  | Eating, cooking  | Pick late October; use December–June
Lobo[7][25][4][8] |  | Ottawa, Canada  | 1897\. Selected 1906. Introduced 1930  | A McIntosh-style apple. P McIntosh x unknown. Yellow with red overclour. Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Cold storage 4oC 90 days.  | Eating  | PickE mid-September. PickG early–mid-September; use October–March
Loddington[7][50] |  | Kent, England  | c. 1820 | FCC from RHS in 1877. Width 89 mm (3.5 in), height 79 mm (3.1 in). Stalk short. Flesh, soft, juicy, subacid.  | Cooking  | PickE late September; use October–December
Lodgemore Nonpareil (a.k.a. Clissold's Seedling)[12][14] |  | Lodgemore, Gloucestershire, England  | 1808  | A dessert apple of great excellence. Flesh crisp, greenish, sweet, juicy, very good.  | Eating  | PickE early October. Use February–May
Lodi[7] |  | Ohio, US  | 1911, introduced 1924  | Fruit pale yellow flushed with deeper yellow. P Montgomery x Yellow Transparent. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Resistant to scab. Tangy taste. DBH 80.  | Eating  | Pick45 August 1. Pick50 July 27. Pick55 July 10. Use July–August
Lombarts Calville (a.k.a. Lombarts Kalvill)[8][6] |  | Netherlands  | Raised 1906, introduced 1911.  | Width 65–75 mm, height 55–65 mm. Cold storage 3oC 150 days.  | Eating  | PickE mid-October. Use November - January.
London Pippin(cs. Londýnske, Londýnský jadernáč, pl. Pepina Londynska, ru. Kalvil korolevskii, Kalvil limonnîi, Peppin Londonskii[28][16][13][17] |  | England  | 1580  | Yellow with red flush. Width 74–80 mm (2.9–3.1 in), height 53–59 mm (2.1–2.3 in). Stalk 15–18 mm (0.59–0.71 in). Cells round axile.VitC 8.  | Cooking, eating, cider  | PickE mid-October; use January–March
London Sweet[9] |  | Dayton, Ohio, US  | <1860  | A yellow apple. Stalk short. Flesh whitish, juicy, tender, sweet, aromatic, good to very good. Tree vigorous, productive.  | Eating  | Use November–February
Longfield[27] |  | Russia  | <1870  | Width 70–83 mm (2.8–3.3 in), height 67–75 mm (2.6–3.0 in). Stalk 14–22 mm (0.55–0.87 in). Flesh, greenish, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, aromatic, good to very good.  | Eating  | Use September–October
Long Island Russet[9] |  | Long Island, US  | <1820  | Flesh yellowish, dry, sweet.  | Cider  | Use October–February
Long Red Pearmain[27] |  | US  | <1860  | A medium to large sized yellow apple flushed and striped with red. Flesh subacid, good.  |  |
Longstart[13] |  | England  | 1851  | A very excellent culinary apple. Width 51 mm (2.0 in), height 44 mm (1.7 in). Stalk 25 mm (0.98 in).  | Cooking  | Use October–December
Lord Burghley[7][12][100][31][13] |  | England  | Raised 1834, Introduced 1865  | Small yellow with brown crimson flush. Flesh soft, highly aromatic. Width 57–67 mm (2.2–2.6 in), height 44–61 mm (1.7–2.4 in). Stalk 15–20 mm (0.59–0.79 in). Cells round to obovate, axile. An excellent winter dessert apple. Tree small.  | Eating  | PickE mid-October; use January–April
Lord Derby[7][31][14][40][13] |  | Stockport, Cheshire, England  | 1862  | Yellowish green apple. Width 83 mm (3.3 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 5–6 mm (0.20–0.24 in). Strong ribbing. Cells ovate, abaxile. P Forester x Woodford. Flesh pale yellow, subacid. likes cooler weather. Subject to brown rot.  | Cooking  | PickE late September; use November–December
Lord Grosvenor[7][53][31] |  | England  | 1872  | Large conical, pale creamy yellow, cooks to a white froth. Enormous cropper, must be thinned. Width 74–88 mm (2.9–3.5 in), height 64–82 mm (2.5–3.2 in). Stalk 25–28 mm (0.98–1.10 in).  | Cooking  | PickE mid-August; use August–September
Lord Hindlip[7][31][14][50] |  | Worcestershire, England  | <1896  | Late, high-quality dessert apple for use in December to March. Width 64–73 mm (2.5–2.9 in), height 73–77 mm (2.9–3.0 in). Stalk 15–20 mm (0.59–0.79 in). Flesh crisp, white, juicy, subacid. First Class Certificate from RHS in 1898.  | Eating  | PickE early–mid-October; use December–March
Lord Kitchener[165] |  | England  | <1900  | A green apple with red flush, smaller than Peasgood Nonsuch. P Peasgood Nonsuch x unknown.  | Eating, cooking, baking  |
Lord Lambourne[7] agm[166][31][8] |  | England  | Raised 1907, introduced 1923  | James Grieve apple x Worcester Pearmain. Round shape. Orange flush with hint of russet. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 51 mm (2.0 in). Stalk 15–20 mm (0.59–0.79 in). Strong acid flavour. Good for domestic cultivation. Award of Merit from RHS in 1923. Cold storage 3oC 150 days.  | Eating  | PickE mid–late September; use September–November
Lord Raglan[13] |  | England  |  | An excellent cooking apple. Yellow with red flush.  | Cooking  | Use March–April
Lord Suffield[7][28][14][13][167] |  | Middleton, Lancashire, England  | c. 1836 | A very large grenn cooking apple no flush. Width 76–83 mm (3.0–3.3 in), height 75 mm (3.0 in). Stalk short–medium. Cells ovate, abaxile. This variety is often subject to canker and rotting on the tree.  | Cooking  | PickE mid-August; use August–September
Loudon Pippin[9] |  | Virginia, US  | <1870  | A large oblate apple, yellow with red flush. Stalk short. Flesh yellowish, tender, juicy, subacid, good to very good.  | Eating  | Use December–February
Lowell[10][26][27] |  | US  | <1848  | Width 83 mm (3.3 in), height 75 mm (3.0 in). Stalk 22 mm (0.87 in). Flesh greenish-yellow, juicy, subacid, aromatic, good to very good.  | Eating, cooking, drying  | Use August–September
Lowland Raspberry see Liveland Raspberry
Lucombe's Seedling[13] |  | Exeter, England  | 1831  | A culinary apple of first rate quality. Width 88 mm (3.5 in), height 69 mm (2.7 in). Stalk short and thick. Cells round axile. Flesh white, juicy, pleasantly flovoured.  | Cooking  | PickE mid-September. Use October–January
Luiken (a.k.a. Luikenapfel, Ludwig, Ludwigsapfel)[5][15][32][34] |  | Germany or France  | <1823  | A yellow apple with red flush. Width 55 mm (2.2 in), height 48–50 mm (1.9–2.0 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). C 12. Flesh white, juicy.  | Cooking  | Pick September; use September–December.
Luisenapfel (a.k.a. Prinzessin Luise)[4] |  | Canada  | 1860  | Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 66 mm (2.6 in), weight 110–200 g (3.9–7.1 oz). Stalk 15–22 mm (0.59–0.87 in).  | Cooking, eating  | Pick October; use October–January
Lujanca[19] |  | Moldova  |  | Yellow with purple to red stripes (90%). Flesh firm juicy, subacid. Biennial. Thinning is necessary. Width 62 mm (2.4 in), height 74 mm (2.9 in), weight 75–90 mm (3.0–3.5 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Disease resistant.  | Eating, cooking  | Pick late September; use October–December
Lundbytorp[65] |  | Denmark  | c. 1900 | A green apple with red overcolour. Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in)  | Eating  | PickE mid-October. Use November–January.
Lunow[4] |  | Germany  | 1920  | Green apple with red flush. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in), weight 115 g (4.1 oz). Flesh; crisp, subacid to acid. Density 0.85. Biennal  | Cooking  | Picking October; use January–April
Lunterse Pippeling[16] |  | Lunteren, Netherlands  | Introduced c. 1900 | A green apple with russet. Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 37 mm (1.5 in).  |  | Use January–March
Luxemburger Reinette (a.k.a. Reinette des Vergers)[28] |  |  | <1850  | A green apple with red flush. Width 71 mm (2.8 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). TRI  | Eating, cooking  | Use February–July
Lynn[120] |  | Washington, US  | Selected 1999  | A yellow apple with pink-red overcolor (20–80%). P unknown. Flesh: creamy-white, firm, crisp, juicy, subacid.  | Eating  | Pick 5 days after Delicious

### M

[edit]

Common name  | Image  | Origin  | First developed  | Comment  | Use  | Pick/Use period

|
|
|
|
|
|

Maayan[18] |  | Israel  | Introduced 1967  | P (Calville St. Sauver x Damascus) x Delicious. Flesh juicy, sweet, acid.  | Eating  |
Mabbott's Pearmain[7][13] |  | Maidstone, England  | 1883  | Yellow with red flush. Width 56 mm (2.2 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Stalk very slender. Flesh juicy, sweet, highly flavoured.  | Eating  | Use October–December
MacExcel[168] |  | Canada  | Cross made 1971, selected 1992.  | A greenish-yellow apple with pinkish red flush. Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Weight 121 g (4.3 oz). Stalk short to medium. Flesh is creamy-white, firm, crisp, juicy. SS 12.4.  | Eating  | Pick 2 week before McIntosh.
Macfree[169] |  | Trenton, Ontario, Canada  | Cross made 1953, selected 1963, introduced 1974  | A greenish-yellow apple with 75% red flush. Flesh is white, juicy, coarse, tough.  | Eating  | Pick55 September 12. Ripens second week of October in Trenton, Ontario.
Maclean's Favourite[13] |  | Colchester, England  | 1820  | A very excellent dessert apple. Width 62 mm (2.4 in), height 49 mm (1.9 in).  |  | Pick early October; use October–January
Macoun[4][8] |  | Geneva, New York  | 1909/1923  | Cold-tolerant. Crunchy. P McIntosh x Jersey Black. Does very well in salads. Width 71 mm (2.8 in), height 61 mm (2.4 in), weight 100–160 g (3.5–5.6 oz). Stalk 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in). Cold storage 4oC 120 days.  | Eating  | Pick50 September 30
Madresfield Court[7] |  | England  | <1915  | AM from RHS in 1915. Tree is a shy cropper. Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 81 mm (3.2 in). Stalk medium. Flesh is greenish-white, juicy, sweet, aromatic.  | Eating  | Pick late September; use October–December
Maglemer[24][35][65] |  | Lolland, Denmark  | <1810  | Greenish-yellow with red stripes(25% overcolor). Width 55–62 mm (2.2–2.4 in), height 48–58 mm (1.9–2.3 in). Stalk 14 mm.  | Eating  | Pick late September; use November–January
Magog[27] |  | Vermont US  | <1876  | Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 75 mm (3.0 in). Stalk 19 mm (0.75 in). Flesh is firm, juicy, aromatic, subacid, good.  | Eating  | Use October–January
Maiden's Blush[57][27][26][10][58] |  | Burlington, New Jersey, US  | <1817  | Width 86 mm (3.4 in), height 69 mm (2.7 in). Stalk 19 mm (0.75 in). A thin-skinned, flattened apple. Pale yellow-green skin has a telltale crimson blush on the side that faced the sun. Flesh is white, crisp, very juicy, subacid, good. Susceptible to scab. Heavy annual bearer. Good cooker. The fruit ripens over a period of several weeks, and reguires two or three pickings. Excellent variety for drying because the flesh remains white and bright. DBH 124.  | Cooking, eating  | Pick50 September 10. Use September–November.
Maidstone Favourite[7][53][14] |  | Kent, England  | <1913  | Flat, even, most delightfully striped with carmine. P Alexander x Beauty of Bath. Flesh crisp, sweet and aromatic. Width 54 mm (2.1 in), height 48 mm (1.9 in). AM from RHS in 1913.  | Eating  | Use August - September.
Maigold[4][43][8] |  | Wädenswil, Switzerland  | Cross made 1944, introduced 1964.  | Flesh is cream, crisp, juicy, aromatic, subacid. Cold storage 2oC 150 days.  | Eating  | PickG mid–late October. Use February–April.
Maikki[38] |  | Finland  | Introduced 1980  | A red apple. P Melba x Huvitus. Flesh white, sweet, subacid, aromatic.  | Eating  | Pick late August
Make[38] |  | Finland  | Introduced 1980  | A yellow apple with red flush. Flesh juicy, sweet, subacid. P Atlas x Gul Höstkalville.  | Eating  | Pick mid-September
Malinda |  | Vermont, US  | 1860  | Small, conical with sheep's nose; deep, rich yellow with red spots possible. Dry, dense, substantive flesh; mild, pear-like flavour. Tree good in climates with heavy snowfall.  | Cooking, eating  |
cs:Malinové_holovouské(a.k.a. Holovouské malinové, Holovouský malináč, eng. Holovousy raspberry)  |  | Czechia  | unknown  | Red apple with rapsberry flavour.  | Eating  |
Malling Jupiter see Jupiter
Malling Kent[31][6][43][8] |  | Kent, England  | Raised 1949, introduced 1974  | Parentage Cox's Orange x Jonathan. Width 64–67 mm (2.5–2.6 in), height 58–67 mm (2.3–2.6 in). Good keeping properties. Flesh is crisp, subacid, aromatic. Particularly attractive blossom. Cold storage 3oC 150 days.  | Eating  | PickG late October
Malmbergs Gylling[25] |  | Sweden  | <1900  | Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Stalk short to medium. Flesh juicy, subacid, fair to good.  | Cooking  | Pick September; use October–November
Mangum[10] |  | Southern US  | <1850  | Flesh yellow, tender, juicy, subacid.  | Eating  | Use October–November
Manitoba[11] |  | Manitoba, Canada  | Selected 1925. Introduced 1931  | A yellow apple. P Duchess of Oldenburg x unknown. Flesh is white, crisp, juicy, sicy flavor, subacid.  | Eating  | Use November–February
Manitoba Spy[11] |  | Manitoba, Canada  | Selected 1927. Introduced 1931  | Large red. P Patten Greening x unknown. Flesh is tender, juicy.  | Cooking  | Use November–February
Manks Codlin[24][16][13] |  | Isle of Man | 1815 (first fruited)  | Pale yellow medium-sized fruit with occasional flush of red (0–20%). Width 55–72 mm (2.2–2.8 in), height 50–72 mm (2.0–2.8 in). Stalk 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in). Cells obovate abaxile. Hardy. Heavy producing.  | Cooking  | Use September–December
Mann[27][26] |  | New York, US  | <1872  | Width 84 mm (3.3 in), height 65 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 19 mm (0.75 in). Biennial. Flesh yellowish, juicy, crisp, subacid, fair to good.  | Eating  | Use December–April
Mannington's Pearmain[7][100][13] |  | Sussex, England  | 1770  | Flesh yellow soft juicy. Old dessert apple, of no great merit. Width 67–69 mm (2.6–2.7 in), height 58–66 mm (2.3–2.6 in). Stem long. Cells obovate, axile, open.  | Eating, cooking  | Pick early October; use November–March
Mantet[25][8] |  | Manitoba, Canada  | Selected 1928. Introduced 1929  | Yellow apple with orange overcolour. P Tetofsky x unknown. Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 75 mm (3.0 in). Does not do well in warm climates. Cold storage 4oC 40 days.  | Eating  | Pick July 20–August 15. Use August
Margaret(a.k.a. Early Red Juneating)[13][58] |  | England  | <1800  | A red apple with streaks on the sunny side. Width 64 mm, height 58 mm. Flesh geenisk white, brisk, juicy. Cells roundish, ovate or obovate, axile, closed. Tree small.  | Eating  | Pick early August.
Margaret Pratt[11] |  | Ontario, Canada  | Discovered <1923\. Introduced 1938  | Nearly resembles Red Astrakan. P unknown.  | Cooking  |
Margil (a.k.a. Fail-me-never, Never-fail, Small Ribston, de. Muskat-Reinette, Muskaten-Reinette, fr. Reinette Musquée)[31][7][13][28][170] |  | England  | <1750  | Highly flavoured apple held in very high esteem by connoisseurs. Width 54–66 mm (2.1–2.6 in), height 51–60 mm (2.0–2.4 in). Stalk 13–18 mm (0.51–0.71 in). Cells roundish ovate, axile. Slightly conical in shape, dull green skin with an orange-red blush, some russeting. The yellow flesh is firm, crisp, sugary, and as pomologist Robert Hogg said, "with a powerful and delicious aromatic flavour." The very small tree is weak and slender and bears light crops. Because it flowers early, it is susceptible to frost damage. It keeps well. Introduced to Brompton Park Nursery from Versailles by Henry Wise in the early 18th century.  | Eating  | PickE early October; use October–January
Mariposa[84] |  | Sint-Truiden, Belgium  | 2013  | Parentage Nicogreen x Nicoter  | Eating  | Pick mid to late September
Martin 1 (a.k.a. McLellan)[9][27] |  | Connecticut, US  | <1870  | Yellow with red flush. Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 6–16 mm (0.24–0.63 in). Biennial. Flesh is white, juicy, vinous, sweet, very good.  | Eating  | Use December–March
Martin 2[11] |  | Louisiana  | Discovered 1936. Introduced 1943  | Yellow with red flush. P unknown  | Eating  |
Martini[4][8] |  | Germany  | 1875  | Flesh yellowish-white, crisp, juicy, subacid. Cold storage 1oC 150 days.  | Eating  | PickG late October. Use December - March.
Mattamusket[9] |  | North Carolina, US  | <1870  | Flesh is whitish yellow, crisp, subacid, good. Tree vigorous, productive.  | Eating  | Use December–March
Maunzenapfel[4] |  | Württemberg, Germany  | c. 1900 | A small apple. Flesh is yellow to white, crisp, juicy, acid. Tree is vigorous.  | Cider, juice  | PickG mid-October. Use November–March.
Mauss Reinette (a.k.a. Love Beauty, Reinette de Multhaupt, Svanetorpsäpple)[24] |  | Germany  | <1874  | A yellow apple with red flush. Width 62 mm (2.4 in), height 52 mm (2.0 in). Flesh juicy, subacid.  | Eating  | Pick October; use November–December
May Queen[7][53][14][16] |  | Worcester, England  | 1888  | Large, oblate, often russetted yellow apple with bright red blush and stripes. Crisp, greenish-yellow flesh, rich, nutty flavour. Similar texture to Ribston Pippin, and in a good year, its equal in flavour. In bad years it can be rather dry and harsh. Excellent keeper. Heavy annual bearer. AGM from RHS in 1892. Width 62–78 mm (2.4–3.1 in), height 51–65 mm (2.0–2.6 in). Stalk 14 mm (0.55 in).  | Eating  | PickE early October. Use November–May
McAfee (a.k.a. McAfee Nonsuch, McAfee Red)[9] |  | Kentucky, US  | <1870  | Once thought to be lost forever, rediscovered in 2018 in Idaho.[171] Flesh is whitish, crisp, subacid, good to very good. Stalk short. Tree very prolific and will produce huge crops of apples when mature.  | Eating  | Use December–March
McIntosh[119][7][26][27][153][20][8] |  | Ontario, Canada  | Discovered 1796, introduced 1870.  | A popular, cold-tolerant eating apple in North America. Width 73–88 mm (2.9–3.5 in), height 63–67 mm (2.5–2.6 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Flesh white, very tender, juicy, subacid, aromatic, very good. Cold storage 3oC 90 days. DBH 120–132. Density 0.77  | Cooking (applesauce), eating, pies  | Pick45 September 1. Pick55 August 20. Pickg September 15–30. Use October–December
McIntosh Rogers (a.k.a. Red McIntosh)[5][31][8] |  | New York, US  | 1930\. Introduced 1932  | A red mutant of McIntosh. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 10–20 mm (0.39–0.79 in). Cold storage 3-4oC 100 days.  | Cooking, eating  | Pick mid-September; use October–December
McIntosh Wijcik (see Wijcik McIntosh)
McLellan (see Martin 1)
Mc Mahon[27] |  | Wisconsin, US  | c. 1860 | Width 94 mm (3.7 in), height 76 mm (3.0 in). Stalk 29 mm (1.1 in). Flesh is white, tender, juicy, subacid, fair to good.  | Eating  | Use October–January
McShay[172][43] |  | Indiana, US  | Cross made 1962, first fruited 1970.  | A green apple with red flush (70%). Width 64–67 mm (2.5–2.6 in), height 64–67 mm (2.5–2.6 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Flesh is light green, firm, juicy, subacid, very good. Tree is vigorous.  | Eating  | Pick 2 week before Jonathan. Use October–November.
Mecklemburger Königsapfel (a.k.a. Roter Brasil)[24] |  | Germany  | 1773  | Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in).  | Cooking, eating  | Pick October; use December–March
Medina[11] |  | Geneva, New York  | Introduced 1922  | P Deacon Jones x Delicious.  | Eating  |
Mela Carlo (a.k.a. Mela Carla, Male Carle)[12] |  | Italy  | <1817  | A dessert apple of the most exquisite flavour. Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in). Flesh is as melting as that of the Doyenné pear.  | Eating  | Pick October; use December–March
Melba[7][25][16][8] |  | Ottawa, Canada  | Raised 1898, Introduced 1909  | Green apple with red overcolour. Width 63–73 mm (2.5–2.9 in), height 61 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 17 mm (0.67 in). Cold storage 3-4oC 90 days. DBH 94.  | Eating  | Pick50 August 7. PickE early–mid-August. Use August.
Melon American[12][27] |  | Connecticut  | 1800, introduced 1845.  | A first rate dessert apple. Width 68–86 mm (2.7–3.4 in), height 61–70 mm (2.4–2.8 in). Stalk 18–39 mm (0.71–1.54 in). Flesh yellowish, firm, fine, crisp, tender, juicy subacid and aromatic. The tree is a good grower, vigorous, very hardy.  | Eating  | Use December
Melonenapfel (a.k.a. cs. Rehtáč soudkovitý, de. Flaschapfel, Nonnetitte, Prinzenapfel, fr. Pomme de Prince, ru. Print.)[24][4][17] |  | Germany  | <1788  | An oblong apple. Flesh is yellowish-white, subacid with a pleasant aroma. Width 65–70 mm (2.6–2.8 in), height 70–80 mm (2.8–3.1 in). Stalk 12–25 mm (0.47–0.98 in). Weight 125 gram.  | Eating  | PickG mid-September. Use September–March
Melrose 1 (a.k.a. White Melrose)[12][13] |  | Scotland  | <1800  | Width 82 mm (3.2 in), height 76 mm (3.0 in). Cells elliptical, abaxile. Flesh is marrow-like, with a sweet and sub-acid flavour.  | Eating, cooking  | Use October–January
Melrose 2[11][18][7][20] |  | Ohio, US  | Cross made 1932. Selected 1937. Introduced 1944  | A yellow to green apple with crimson flush (50%). Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). P Jonathan x Delicious. Flavour improves in storage. Flesh is coarse, aromatic, subacid. Biennial.  | Eating  | Pick45 October 3. Pick55 September 20. Pickg October 1–20. Use December–April.
Mere de Menage (a.k.a. Bellefleur de France) (fr. de Livre, Ménagère)[7][24][31][33][34][13] |  | France or Ukraine  | <1800  | Large flat-round yellow apple with crimson flush (50–100%). Width 77–128 mm (3.0–5.0 in), height 67–95 mm (2.6–3.7 in). Stalk very stout (4–5 mm (0.16–0.20 in)) and short (10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in)). Cells roundish, obovate, abaxile. TRI  | Cooking  | PickE late September. Use October–November.
Merton Beauty [7][31][173] |  | England  | 1932, selected 1946, introduced 1962  | Width 56–67 mm (2.2–2.6 in), height 45–53 mm (1.8–2.1 in). Stalk 20–27 mm (0.79–1.06 in). P Ellisons Orange x Cox Orange. A greenish-yellow apple flushed with red. Flesh with aniseed flavour.  | Eating  | PickE early September; use September–early October
Merton Charm[7][31][174] |  | Surrey, England  | Cross made 1933, introduced 1962  | Width 57–60 mm (2.2–2.4 in), height 47–51 mm (1.9–2.0 in). Stalk 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in). P Rogers McIntosh x Cox Orange. AM from RHS in 1960. Pick September. Semi-weeping habit, heavy crops of small fruit unless thinned.  | Eating  | Pick mid-September; use September–October
Merton Delight[175] |  | England  | Introduced 1953  | P Cox Orange x Golden Russet. Flesh is tender, crisp sweet to subacid.  | Eating  |
Merton Joy[7][175][174] |  | England  | Cross made 1940 or 1946, introduced 1965.  | Width 63–69 mm (2.5–2.7 in), height 51–58 mm (2.0–2.3 in). P (Cox Orange x Sturmer Pippin) x Cox Orange. Flesh is soft, very juicy, sweet, aromatic.  | Eating  | PickE early to mid-September. Use September–early October.
Merton Knave [7][31][175][176] |  | Bayfordbury, Hertford, England  | Cross made 1948  | Greenish yellow with red flush. P Laxton's Early Crimson x Epicure. Width 55–70 mm (2.2–2.8 in), height 48–62 mm (1.9–2.4 in). Stalk 12–30 mm (0.47–1.18 in). Flesh fairly juicy with strong aroma.  | Eating  | Pick mid-September; use September
Merton Pippin[175] |  | England  | Introduced 1948  | A large apple. P Cox Orange x Sturmer Pippin. Flesh subacid.  | Eating  |
Merton Prolific[175][173] |  | England  | 1914, selected 1935  | Width 61 mm (2.4 in), height 50 mm (2.0 in). Flesh sweet, subacid. P Northern Greening x Cox Orange Pippin.  | Eating  | Use December–January
Merton Reinette[6] |  | England  | Raised 1933, introduced 1962.  | Parentage Cox Orange Pippin x Herrings Pippin. Flesh cream colored, aromatic, subacid.  | Eating  |
Merton Russet[175][173][6] |  | England  | 1921, selected 1935, introduced 1948  | Width 57 mm (2.2 in), height 54 mm (2.1 in). P Sturmer Pippin x Cox Orange. Flesh sweet, subacid. Particularly attractive blossom.  | Eating  | Use January–March
Merton Worcester[7][31][173][8] |  | England  | Selected 1935, introduced 1948  | Width 58–67 mm (2.3–2.6 in), height 55–57 mm (2.2–2.2 in). Stalk 12–20 mm (0.47–0.79 in). P Cox's Orange Pippin × Worcester Pearmain. AM from RHS in 1950. Developed at John Innes Institute. Cold storage 3-4oC 150 days.  | Eating  | PickE early September; use September–October
Metzger[11] |  | Seattle, Washington  | Selected 1938. Introduced 1948  | P Delicious x Unknown.  | Eating  | Pick early August
Mexico[10] |  | Connecticut, US  | <1850  | Round, medium-sized apple. Crimson red. Stalk long to medium. Flesh is white, juicy, subacid.  | Eating  | Use August–September
Michaelmas Red(a.k.a. Tydeman's Michaelmas Red)[7][173] |  | England  | 1929, selected 1940, introduced 1945  | Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). P McIntosh x Worcester Pearmain. Flesh is soft, juicy, sweet, vinous.  | Eating  | Pick mid–late September; use October–December
Michal[18] |  | Israel  | Introduced 1967  | P (Calville St. Sauveur x Damascus) x Delicious. Flesh is juicy, sweet, subacid. Tree is productive.  | Eating  |
Middle Green[14] |  | England  | <1903  | Yellow streaked with red. Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 51 mm (2.0 in). AM from RHS in 1903. Flesh, soft, yellowish, sweet, good.  | Eating  | Use December–February
Miami[11] |  | New Carlisle, Ohio, US  | Discovered 1930, introduced 1935  | A red apple. Bud mutation of Stark.  | Eating  |
Milam(a.k.a. Winter Pearmain, Red Winter Pearmain)[10][27] |  | US  | <1820  | Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Flesh white, tender, crisp, juicy, subacid or sweet.  | Eating  | Use December–January
Miller's Seedling[7][31] |  | Berkshire, England  | 1848  | Sweet apple. Width 60–63 mm (2.4–2.5 in), height 44–54 mm (1.7–2.1 in). Stalk 18–26 mm (0.71–1.02 in). Flesh is white, juicy, sweet. AM from RHS in 1906. Tree prefers chalky soils.  | Eating  | PickE mid-August; use August–September
Millicent Barnes[7] |  | Chester, England  | 1903  | A yellow apple flushed with red. Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Flesh lacks flavour. Parentage: Gascoyne's Scarlet x Cox Orange Pippin  |  | PickE mid-September; use October–December
Milton[11] |  | Geneva, New York  | Introduced 1923  | P Yellow Transparent x McIntosh.  | Eating  |
Milwa (see Junami)
Milwaukee[27] |  | Wisconsin, US  | <1899  | Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 65 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 18 mm (0.71 in). Flesh is whitish, firm, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, fair to good.  | Cooking  | Use October–January
Minister[10] |  | New England, US  | <1850  | Tree healthy, vigorous, early bearer. Flesh, yellowish, juicy, acid.  | Cooking  | Use September–October
Minjon[11] |  | Excelsior, Minnesota, US  | Selected 1923, introduced 1942  | A dark red apple. P probably Wealthy x Jonathan.  | Eating  |
Minnehaha[11][177] |  | Excelsior, Minnesota, US  | Selected 1914, introduced 1920  | A dark red apple. P Wealthy x (Ben Davis x Fameuse).  |  |
Mio[25] |  | Sweden  | 1932  | Yellow with red flush. Width 62 mm (2.4 in), height 53 mm (2.1 in). P Worcester pearmain x Oranie.  | Eating  | Pick September; use September–October
Miss Baron[14] |  | England  | <1885  | A golden-yellow apple. Tree vigorous. Flesh yellow, tender, subacid.  | Cooking  | Use October–January
Missouri Pippin[26][27] |  | Missouri, US  | c. 1840 | Tree is vigorous. Flesh is yellow, firm, brisk, subacid, fair to good.  | Eating  | Use October–January
Miss Phillimore[30][14] |  | England  | Introduced 1900  | Yellow with red flush. P Gladstone x Lord Burghley. Flesh tender, sweet. AM from RHS in 1899.  | Eating  | Use October
MN 55(a.k.a. Rave, First Kiss)  |  | Excelsior, Minnesota, US  |  |  | Eating  | Pick July in Minnesota
Modi[125] |  | Ferrara, Italy  | Selected 1996  | A yellow apple with red overcolor (85–95%). Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 75 mm (3.0 in). Flesh is firm, crisp, juicy, aromatic, subacid. Resistant to scab.  | Eating  |
Mollie's Delicious[18] |  | New Jersey, US  | 1966  | Conical shape, pinkish red colour. P (Golden Delicious x Edgewood) x (Gravenstein x Close). Flesh crisp, sweet, good. Lasts long in refrigeration. Good aftertaste.  | Eating  | Pick55 August 10. PickE late August. Use August–September.
Monarch[7][31][14][178] |  | Essex, England  | Raised 1888, introduced 1918  | Large round-conical apple. Width 73–80 mm (2.9–3.1 in), height 58–70 mm (2.3–2.8 in). Stalk 10–20 mm. _Coarse-textured, juicy, tender sharp_ Vitamin C 7 mg/100g. Biennial tendency.  | Cooking  | PickE mid-September; use November–January
Monmouth[27] |  | New Jersey, US  | <1848  | Width 78–85 mm (3.1–3.3 in), height 65–68 mm (2.6–2.7 in). Stalk 13–19 mm (0.51–0.75 in). Biennial. Flesh yellowish, firm, grisp, tender, juicy, aromatic, good to very good.  | Eating  | Use December–March
Monroe[11] |  | Geneva, New York  | Cross made 1910. Introduced 1949  | A red apple. P Jonathan x Rome Beauty.  | Eating  | Pick50 October 4. PickE mid-October. Use November–January.
Moore Extra[9] |  | Ohio, US  | <1870  | Flesh is yellow, juicy, tender, subacid, very good. Stalk short. Tree is vigorous, not an early bearer.  | Eating.  | Use December–March
Moore's Sweeting (see Black Sweet)
Morden 347[11] |  | Manitoba, Canada  | Introduced 1941  | P Martha x Dolgo. Flesh is orange-yellow, firm, crisp, juicy. Tree is hardy, vigorous.  | Eating, cooking  | Pick late August
Morden 352[11] |  | Manitoba, Canada  | Introduced 1945  | P Dolgo x Haralson. Flesh is white, firm, crisp, juicy, sweet, subacid. Tree is very hardy.  | Eating, cooking  | Pick late September
Morris's Russet[13] |  | Brentford, England  | <1880  | A green apple covered with brown russet. Width 63 mm, height 57 mm. Stalk 12 mm. Cells, obovate, axile. Flesh firm, tender, juicy, brisk, aromatic.  | Eating  | Use October - February
Mother (American Mother)[7][26][10][13][179]agm[180][31][27] |  | Massachusetts, US  | 1840  | Medium-sized yellow apple with crimson stripes and darker red blush. Width 63–77 mm (2.5–3.0 in), height 60–80 mm (2.4–3.1 in). Stalk 13–23 mm (0.51–0.91 in). Cells elliptical, abaxile. Flesh is fine, tender, juicy, mild subacid, aromatic, very good to best. The fruit has a balsamic aroma with a suggestion of vanilla. Cropping can be a bit irregular, if not completely biennial. A late flowering variety that avoids frost. Some resistance to scab. DBH 128.  | Eating  | Pick50 September 14. PickE late September. Use October–December.
Munson (a.k.a. Meachem Sweet, Rag Apple)[27] |  | Possibly Massachusetts, US  | <1849  | Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 14 mm (0.55 in). Flesh is yellowish, tender, juicy, sweet, good to very good.  | Eating  | Use late September–December
Munson Sweet (a.k.a. Orange Sweet, Ray Apple, Meachem Sweet)[10] |  | New England, US  | <1850  | Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 59 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 18 mm (0.71 in). Tree is vigorous, productive, a regular bearer. Flesh is juicy, very sweet.  | Baking  | Use September–February
Murray[5] |  | Canada  | 1980  |  |  |
Muscadet de Dieppe |  | Normandy, France  | c. 1750 | Commonly used in making Calvados brandy. Yellowish green apple with red striping or reddish pink blush. Too tart to eat.  | Cider  |
Musch[5] |  | Belgium  | 1872  |  | Eating  | Pick September; use November–December
Musk (see Carlisle Codlin)
Muster[10] |  | Indianapolis, US  | <1850  | Flesh is yellow, juicy, subacid, aromatic.  | Cooking, eating  | Use November–January
Mutsu[7][31][173][20][8] |  | Aomori Prefecture, Japan  | Cross made 1930, first fruited 1937, named 1948  | Known as "Crispin" in the United Kingdom. Width 73–77 mm (2.9–3.0 in), height 70–73 mm (2.8–2.9 in). Stalk 22–30 mm (0.87–1.18 in). P Golden Delicious x Indo. Flesh is aromatic, subacid. Tree is very vigorous. Cold storage 2oC 150 days. TRI  | Eating, pies  | Pick55 September 25. PickE mid-October. Pickg October 15–30. Use late October–early April
My Jewel  |  | Watsonville, California | c. 1940[181] | Originated as a chance seedling, a cross between Winter Banana and Golden Delicious.[182] Yellow colour. October harvest. Still used in cider blends by Martinelli's[183] | Eating, cooking, cider  |

### N

[edit]

Common name  | Image  | Origin  | First developed  | Comment  | Use  | Pick/Use period

|
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Nanny[12][14] |  | Surrey or Sussex, England  | 1842  | A dessert apple of excellent quality. Flesh greenish yellow, tender. Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 69 mm (2.7 in).  | Eating  | PickE mid-September; use October
Nathusius Taubenapfel[28] |  | Germany  | 1824  | A conical apple. Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 11 mm (0.43 in).  | Eating  | Use December–April
Nelson Codlin[12] |  | England  | <1850  | Large yellow. A first rate culinary apple  | Cooking  | Use September–January
New Hawthornden[13] |  | Sawbridgeworth, Hertfordshire, England  | Introduced 1847  | A yellowish green apple. Width 88 mm, height 63 mm. Stalk 13–25 mm. Cells elliptical, abaxile. Flesh tender, crisp, very juicy, acid. Raised by Rivers Nursery.  | Cooking  | PickE late-September. Use September–October
Newell-Kimzey (see Airlie Red Flesh)
Newfane[11] |  | Geneva, New York, US  | Introduced 1927  | P Deacon Jones x Delicious. Flesh, tender, juicy. Ripens with Delicious.  | Eating  |
Newton Wonder[7][31] |  | Derbyshire, England  | <1887  | A yellow apple flushed with red. FCC from RHS in 1887. Width 89–92 mm (3.5–3.6 in), height 70–73 mm (2.8–2.9 in). Stalk 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in). Medium round and even, beautifully striped and flushed. Very good cooker. Cooks to juicy, brisk, well-flavoured purée, but with less acidity than Bramley. Prolific bearer, can be harvested in winter.  | Cooking  | PickE mid-October; use November–March
Newtown Delicious[11] |  | Washington, US  | Introduced c. 1937 | P Yellow Newtown x Delicious. Tree vigorous, heavy bearer.  | Cooking, eating  |
Newtown Pippin (Albemarle Pippin, fr. Newtown Pippin, ru Renet angliiskii)[10][7][26][27][17][8][34] |  | Queens County, New York  | 1759  | Best known colonial apple in North America. Known favourite of Ben Franklin and Thomas Jefferson. Medium to large, often irregularly shaped apple. Greenish-yellow, dotted, often russeted. Width 78 mm (3.1 in), height 60–65 mm (2.4–2.6 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Tough skin, flesh cream to greenish-white, very quickly browning. Flesh yellow, firm, crisp, moderately fine-grained, aromatic, subacid, best. Biennial habit, slow to come into bearing. Good keeper, improves with storage. Prized for its clear juice in cider making. Two sports, Green Newtown Pippin and Yellow Newtown Pippin, differ only in skin colour. Cold storage 2oC 150 days.  | Cooking, eating, cider  | PickE late October; use November–March
Newtown Spitzenburgh[9][10][27] |  | Newtown, Long Island, US  | 1817  | Width 77 mm (3.0 in), height 59 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 17 mm (0.67 in). Flesh yellow, crisp, tender, vinous, subacid.  | Eating  | Use October–February
Niagara[109] |  | Geneva, New York, US  | Selected 1950, introduced 1962.  | A yellow apple with red flush and stripes. Flesh: white, fine, crisp, tender, aromatic, subacid.  | Eating  | Pick50 September 8. PickE early September. Use September - October.
Nickajack (a.k.a. Caroline, Berry, Aberdeen, Trenham, Alleghany, Chaltram Pippin)[9][10][27][34] |  | North Carolina, United States | c. 1810 | Native American origin, believed to be originally grown by Cherokee along banks of Nickajack Creek. Only grown in Appalachians, favourite of later settlers for desserts. Rusty red colour with sweet, crisp taste. Width 84 mm (3.3 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in).  | Cooking, eating  | Use December–April
Nicola[120] |  | Summerland, Canada  | Cross made 1981, selected 1988  | A large apple with 85% red overcolor. P Splendour x Gala. Flesh: light yellow, juicy, firm, crisp.  | Eating  |
Nonpareil[7][31] |  | France  | 1500s  | A yellowish green apple. Width 58–65 mm (2.3–2.6 in), height 48–52 mm (1.9–2.0 in). Stalk 18–28 mm (0.71–1.10 in).  | Eating  | Pick mid-October; use December–March
Nordhausen (a.k.a. Schöner von Nordhausen)[4][8] |  | Germany  | 1892  | Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in), weight 130 g (4.6 oz). Stalk 6–13 mm (0.24–0.51 in). Flesh is crisp, subacid to acid. Cold storage 2oC 150 days. VitC 6. Density 0.74  | Cooking  | Pick October; use January–April
Norfolk Beauty[31][14][30] |  | Norfolk, England  | introduced 1902  | Pale cream in colour when cooked. Width 80–87 mm (3.1–3.4 in), height 67–71 mm (2.6–2.8 in). Stalk 8–10 mm (0.31–0.39 in). P Harvey x Hawthornden. FCC from RHS in 1902.  | Cooking  | Pick early September; use October–December
Norfolk Beefing (a.k.a. Catshead Beaufin, Taliesin)[12][14][30] |  | Norfolk, England  | c. 1800 | Width 78 mm (3.1 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Stalk short. Flesh has a brisk and pleasant flavour. TRI  | Baking  | Pick October; use January–June
Norfolk Pippin (see Adams Pearmain)
Norfolk Royal[31] |  | England  | 1908  | A truncate conical apple. Flesh crisp, juicy and well-flavoured. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 8–15 mm (0.31–0.59 in).  | Eating  | Pick late September; use September–February
Norman's Pippin[53] |  | Belgium  | <1900  | Conical grey green with russet, flesh mellow, of fine flavour. AGM from RHS in 1900. Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 51 mm (2.0 in).  | Eating  | Use January–March
Northern Greening[53][14] |  | Yorkshire, England  | 1826  | Medium, oval, conical, pea green to pale yellow, with red stripes and faint brown flush. Flesh tender, greenish, acid. Growth vigorous.  | Cooking  | Pick mid-October; use December–April
Northern Spy[10][7][26][27][28][34] |  | New York  | c. 1800 | Tart, firm, stores very well. Tree large, vigorous. Flesh is yellow, firm, tender, crisp, juicy, aromatic, subacid, very good to best. Noted for being excellent choice for making American-style apple pie. Width 81 mm (3.2 in), height 72 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Sometimes used as a rootstock.  | Cider, cooking, eating  | Pick45 October 10. Pick55 September 25. PickE mid-October. Use November–March.
North Western Greening[27][26] |  | Wisconsin, US  | <1872  | Width 86 mm (3.4 in), height 79 mm (3.1 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Biennial. Flesh is yellowish, crisp, firm, juicy, subacid, fair to good.  | Cooking, eating  | Pick45 September 18. Use January–April
Notarisappel[109] |  | Lunteren, Netherlands  | 1890\. Introduced 1899.  | A large apple greenish-yellow with orange stripes. Width 87 mm (3.4 in), height 77 mm (3.0 in). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in). Flesh is soft white, subacid, very good.  | Eating.  | PickE late September. Use September–November.
Nova Easygro[169] |  | Kentville, Nova Scotia, Canada  | Cross made 1956, introduced 1971  | A greenish yellow apple striped or blushed with red. Flesh is creamy white, firm, crisp, juicy, subacid.  | Eating  | Pick45 September 15. Pick55 September 1. Use September–October.
Novamac[43] |  | Kentville, Nova Scotia, Canada  | Cross made 1963, introduced 1978  | A round to conic apple width 70 mm. 80% red stripe on greenish-yellow ground. Flesh white, crisp fine, tender, juicy, subacid, very good. Resistant to apple scab, cedar apple rust and fire blight. Susceptible to mildew.  | Eating  | Pick with McIntosh
Novaspy[43] |  | Kentville, Nova Scotia, Canada  | Introduced 1986  | A Northern Spy like apple. Fruit 30-85% dark red overcolor. Flesh creamy-yellow, fine textured, firm, crisp, juicy, subacid, very good. Resistant to apple scab.  | Eating, Cooking  | Pick between Delicious and Northern Spy.
Nu-Jon[11] |  | Washington, US  | Introduced 1949  | P unknown. A large red striped apple.  |  |
Nutmeg Pippin[7] |  | England, UK  | 1920  | A conical apple; width 54 mm (2.1 in), height 50 mm (2.0 in). Flesh is juicy, with a nutty flavour.  | Eating  | PickE late September; use December–March
Nyack[10] |  | New York, US  | <1850  | Flesh white, juicy, acid, rich.  | Eating  | Use December

### O

[edit]

Common name  | Image  | Origin  | First developed  | Comment  | Use  | Pick/Use period

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Oakland[27] |  | Michigan, US  | <1883  | Width 72 mm (2.8 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 22 mm (0.87 in). Biennial. Flesh is white, tender, juicy, sweet, crisp, good.  | Eating  | Use November–February
Oberdieck's Reinette see Reinette Oberdieck
Oberdieck's Taubenapfel[28] |  | Germany  | <1860  | A conical apple. Width 57 mm (2.2 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in).  | Eating  | Use December–February
Oberländer Himbeerapfel(fr. Framboise, pl. Malinowa Oberlandzka)[28][34][184] |  | Germany  | <1854  | Width 70 mm, height 58–60 mm. Stalk 10–16 mm. Flesh yellowish-white, juicy, aromatic, subacid. Vitamin C 14 mg/100g.  | Eating  | Pick September. Use October - March.
Ogden[11] |  | Geneva, New York, US  | Introduced 1928  | P Zusoff x McIntosh. Flesh is white, aromatic, sweet.  | Baking  |
Ohio Beauty synonym of Grosh
Ohio Beauty synonym of Western Beauty
Ohio Nonpareil[10] |  | Ohio, US  | <1853  | Width 95 mm (3.7 in), height 73 mm (2.9 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). Flesh is yellow, juicy, subacid. Tree is vigorous, healthy. DBH 137.  | Cooking, eating, drying  | Use September–December. Pick50 September 18.
Ohio Pippin[10] |  | Ohio, US  | <1867  | Width 99 mm (3.9 in), height 74 mm (2.9 in). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in). Tree is healthy, vigorous. Flesh is yellowish, tender, juicy, acid to subacid.  | Cooking  | Use December–January
Ökna vita Vintergylling[25] |  | Sweden  | <1900  | A small yellow conical apple. Width and height 60 mm (2.4 in).  | Cooking, eating.  | Use December–April.
Ökna Lökäpple[24] |  | Sweden  | <1830  | Greenish yellow with some red stripes. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 50 mm (2.0 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in).  | Eating  | Pick October. Use December–February.
Ölands Kungsäpple[61][24] |  | Sweden  | <1850  | A small red conical apple. Width 66 mm (2.6 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 8 mm (0.31 in).  | Eating  | Use November–December.
Oldenburg[5][4][20] |  | Geisenheim, Germany  | 1897  | A yellow-green apple with red flush. P Minister von Hammerstein x Baumanns Renette. Flesh; soft, juicy, subacid. VitC 3. Density 0.80  | Eating  | Pick September; use October–December
Oldenburg 2 (see Duchess of Oldenburg)
Oliver[27] |  | Arkansas  | <1873  | Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). Flesh is whitish, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, sweet, good to very good.  | Eating  | Use December–March
Ontario[7][4][5][14][136][27][20][26][8] |  | Ontario, Canada  | Cross made 1820. Introduced 1882.  | A large apple, greenish-yellow with purple flush. Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Weight 191 g (6.7 oz). P Wagener x Northern Spy. Cold storage 5oC 150 days. VitC 16–30. Density 0.83  | Eating, cooking, juice  | PickE mid-October. PickG late October–early November. Pickg October 23–November 7. Use November–April
Opal [6] |  | Chelmsford, Essex, England  | <1936  | Parentage Rival x Worcester Pearmain. Flesh crisp, juicy, strawberry flavour.  | Eating  | PickE early September. Use September - October.
Opal |  | Czech Republic  | 1999  | Firm, fine to medium grained, medium juicy, full flavoured, sweet, mild-subacid. Parentage Golden Delicious x Topaz.[185] | Eating  |
Opalescent[27][26] |  | Ohio, US  | <1899  | Width 98 mm (3.9 in), height 92 mm (3.6 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Flesh is juicy, subacid, aromatic, good to very good.  | Eating  | Use November–February
Orin[43] |  | Fukushima, Japan  | 1952  | A large apple 250-300 gram. Sweet and distinctive fragrance. Flesh firm, aromatic, sweet, juicy, notes of pineapple, excellent. Medium hardness. Parentage Golden Delicious x Indo.  | Eating  | PickE late October. Use November–January.
Oriole[11] |  | Minnesota, US  | Introduced 1949  | P unknown. Flesh is tender, juicy, aromatic, subacid.  | Cooking, eating  | Pick August. Use August.
Orleans[11][32] |  | Geneva, New York, US  | Introduced 1924  | A yellow apple, sttriped with red. P Deacon Jones x Delicious. Width 60–75 mm (2.4–3.0 in), height 50–65 mm (2.0–2.6 in).  | Eating  | PickE late September. Use October–January
Orleans Reinette (a.k.a. Golden Reinette, ru. Orleanskii renet, Krasnîi şafran, Zimnii şafran))[7][31][32][17] |  | Orleans, France  | <1776  | Medium flat, rich red and golden russet. Reliable bearer. Width 62–74 mm (2.4–2.9 in), height 58–62 mm (2.3–2.4 in). Stalk 6–20 mm (0.24–0.79 in). E VitC 22. Flesh is creamy white, firm, complex flavour, Golden Reinett x unknown, related to Blenheim Orange. TRI  | Eating  | PickE mid-October; use December–February
Ortley (a.k.a. White Bellflower, Cleopatra)[10][7][26] |  | New Jersey, US  | <1850  | A large yellow apple with red flush. Width 71 mm (2.8 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Flesh yellowish, crisp, tender, juicy, acid to subacid, very good. Tree vigorous, very productive.  | Cooking, eating  | PickE late October; use November–January
Osceola[10] |  | Indiana, US  | <1850  | Width 84 mm (3.3 in), height 72 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in). Flesh is yellow, juicy, subacid.  | Eating  | Use January–March
Oskaloosa (a.k.a. Jack, Apple)[9] |  | Iowa, US  | <1850  | Flesh is juicy, subacid. Tree is a moderate grower, early but not an abundant bearer.  |  | Use November
Osnabrücker Reinette(fr. Reinette d'Osnabruck[28][34] |  | Germany  | <1800  | A yellow apple with russet. Width 66 mm, height 54 mm. Stalk 15 mm. Flesh yellowish, subacid.  | Eating, Cooking  | Pick October. Use December - March
Owen Thomas[7][6][31] |  | Bedfordshire, England  | Raised 1897, introduced 1920  | Width 57–63 mm (2.2–2.5 in), height 51 mm (2.0 in). Stalk 7–15 mm (0.28–0.59 in). Green with orange flush. P Cox Orange x Gladstone. Flesh is greenish-white, soft, juicy, sweet, aromatic.  | Eating  | Pick mid-August; use late August–early September.
Ozark Gold |  | Missouri, US  | 1970  | Light green with pink blush. Has taste with notes of honey.  | Eating  | PickE late September–early October. Use October–December.

### P

[edit]

Common name  | Image  | Origin  | First developed  | Comment  | Use  | Pick/Use period

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Pacific Rose |  | New Zealand  | 1995  | Extremely crisp, sweet apple. Also grows well in California.  | Eating  |
Pam's Delight |  | Bedfordshire, England  | 1958  | A medium-sized apple with a red blush. Flesh is crisp, juicy and sweet-tasting.[186] | Eating  |
Paragon[26][27] |  | Tennessee, US  | c. 1830 | Tree is vigorous. Flesh is yellow, firm, tender, juicy, aromatic, mild subacid, good to very good.  |  |
Park (a.k.a. Park Spice, Park Apple)[9] |  | New York, US  | <1870  | Flesh is yellowish, firm, juicy, subacid, aromatic, very good. Stalk is short. Tree is very productive.  | Eating  | Use December–March
Paroquet[14] |  | Berkshire, England  | <1899  | A red apple with russet. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in). Stalk is short. AM from RHS in 1899. Flesh is yellowish, tender, fair.  | Eating, cooking  | Use October–January
Parry White[27][26] |  | Possibly Pennsylvania, US  | <1872  | Width 59–71 mm (2.3–2.8 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 18 mm (0.71 in). Flesh is white, tender, juicy, subacid, good.  | Eating  | Use late August–October
Pater van den Elzen[16] |  | Limburg, Netherlands  | Introduced 1934  | A yellow apple with red flush (50–90%). Width 81 mm (3.2 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in).  | Cooking  | Use January–March
Patten[27][26] |  | Wisconsin, US  | <1869  | Width 85 mm (3.3 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 10–17 mm (0.39–0.67 in). Flesh is tender, juicy, subacid, good.  | Cooking  | Use October–January
Patricia[11] |  | Ontario, Canada  | Selected 1920  | P McIntosh x unknown. Tree is a heavy bearer.  | Eating  | PickE mid-September. Use October–November.
Paula Red |  | Kent County, Michigan, US  | 1960s  | Firm white flesh; McIntosh mutation.  | Eating  | Pick45 August 15. Pick55 August 3. PickE early–mid-September. Use October–November.
Pawpaw (a.k.a. Western Baldwin, Rubicon, Ball Apple)[9] |  | Michigan, US  | <1875  | Flesh is yellowish, juicy, firm, brisk, subacid, very good. Stalk is medium length. Tree is hardy, and a regular bearer.  | Eating  | Use December–June
Payette[11] |  | Idaho  | Selected 1936. Introduced 1944.  | A red apple. P Ben Davis x Wagener.  | Eating  | PickE mid-October. Use November–April.
Peacemaker[53] |  | Berkshire, England  | <1913  | Round and smooth, with crimson flush and stripings. Resembles Charles Ross in general charasteristics. AGM from RHS in 1913. Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in).  | Eating  | PickE early September. Use September–October.
Peach-Pound Sweet[9] |  | New York, US  | <1875  | Width 72 mm (2.8 in), height 54 mm (2.1 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Flesh is juicy, sweet. Very good.  | Eating  | Use September–November
Pearl[7] |  | Essex, England  | 1983  | Yellow apple flushed with red on 50%. P Worcester Pearmain x Rival. Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). Stalk is short. Flesh is creamy white, juicy, sweet, aromatic.  | Eating  | PickE late September–early October; use October–November
Pease (a.k.a. Walter Pease, Pease Walter)[27] |  | Connecticut, US  | <1895  | Width 88 mm (3.5 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 11 mm (0.43 in). Flesh is whitish, crisp, tender, juicy, aromatic, subacid, good to very good.  | Eating  | Pick late September–early August; use October–January
Peasgood's Nonsuch(cs. Peasgoodovo, de. Peasgood's Goldreinette, fr. Sans pareil Peasgood, Peasgood's Sondergleichen, ru. Renet Piguda, Renet zolotoi Pisguda, Nesravnenno)[7] agm[187][31][33][13][167][17] |  | England  | 1858  | Width 83–92 mm (3.3–3.6 in), height 70–76 mm (2.8–3.0 in). Stalk 8 mm (0.31 in). Cells obovate, axile. A very large yellowish-green apple, deepening to orange-yellow, flushed and striped red with some russet patches. Flesh is white, sweet and juicy. Good eating and superb for cooking. Large, hardy and heavy cropping tree. Apples can weigh up to half a kilogram, and are famously large enough to make a pie from a single apple. VitC 13.  | Cooking, eating  | PickE mid-September. Use September–December.
Peck's Pleasant (a.k.a. Peck, Waltz Apple)[9][10][27][26] |  | Connecticut, US  |  | Yellow with red flush. Width 85 mm (3.3 in), height 64–68 mm (2.5–2.7 in). Stalk 9–13 mm (0.35–0.51 in). Flesh is juicy, subacid, highly aromatic, very good to best.  | Eating  | PickE mid-October. Use November–March
Pederstrup[24][32] |  | Denmark  | <1828  | A medium-sized cooking apple. Width 72 mm (2.8 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in).  | Cooking  | PickE late September. Use November–January
Pekka[38] |  | Finland  | Introduced 1999  | A dark red apple. Flesh is subacid, sweet. P Lobo x Huvitus.  | Eating  | Pick mid-September; use September–October
Pennock (a.k.a. Romanie, Big Romanie, Pennock's Red Winter)[10][58][27] |  | Pennsylvania, US  | <1820  | Apple is very large. Stalk is short. Flesh is yellow, tender, juicy, subacid. Quality poor. Tree is vigorous, very productive.  | Cooking  | Use November - March.
Perry Russet[10] |  | US  | <1850  | Width 86 mm (3.4 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). Stalk 18 mm (0.71 in). Flesh is yellow, acid.  | Cooking, eating  | Use December–January
Petteri[38] |  | Finland  | Introduced 2003  | A dark red appel. P Lobo x Huvitus. Flesh is subacid, aromatic.  | Eating  | Pick late August
Pewaukee[26][27] |  | Wisconsin, US  | c. 1870 | Tree vigorous. Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). Flesh is white, firm tender, juicy, aromatic, subacid, fair to good.  | Eating  | PickE early October. Use November–April
Pfirsichroter Sommerapfel(fr. Pomme d'été rouge-carmin, ru. Persikovoe letnee)[28][16][17] |  | France  | <1830  | Yellow with red flush. Width 62–65 mm (2.4–2.6 in), height 50–54 mm (2.0–2.1 in). Stalk 15–20 mm (0.59–0.79 in). VitC 14  | Eating  | PickE August; use August–September.
Pickard's Reserve[10] |  | Indiana, US  | <1850  | Width 82 mm (3.2 in), height 65 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in). Flesh is whitish-yellow, tender, juicy, subacid, aromatic.  | Cooking, eating  | Use December–January
Pikant[4][20] |  | Dresden-Pillnitz, Germany  | Introduced 1988  | A green to yellow apple with red overcolor (70–80%). P Undine x Carola. Flesh ks juicy, subacid.  | Eating, cooking, juice  | PickG early–mid-September. Use September–December.
Pilot[4][8] |  | Dresden-Pillnitz, Germany  | Developed 1962, introduced 1988  | A conical apple, yellow with red flush. Width 65–70 mm (2.6–2.8 in), height 55–65 mm (2.2–2.6 in), weight 120 g (4.2 oz). P Clivia x Undine. Flesh is yellowish, crisp, aromatic, subacid. Cold Storage 1oC 120 days.  | Eating  | PickE mid-October. PickG early–mid-October; use February–July
Pimona[4][8] |  | Dresden-Pillnitz, Germany  | Introduced 1985  | P Clivia x Undine. Flesh is crisp, juicy, subacid, aromatic. Cold storage 3oC 120 days.  | Eating, cooking
Pine Apple Russet(a.k.a. Hardingham's Russet)[13][6] |  | England  | 1730  | Width 70 mm, height 64 mm. Stalk 25 mm. Flesh pale yellow, tender, crisp, juicy, aromatic, subacid. Can be dry, flavourless. Cells obovate, axile, open.  | Eating  | Pick early September. Use October - November.
Pine Golden Pippin[7] |  | UK  | <1861  | A golden yellow apple with russet. Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Flesh is white, firm, fine-textured, juicy, aromatic.  | Eating  | PickE early October. Use November–February
Pink Lady (see Cripps Pink)
Pink Pearl[11] |  | California, US  | Introduced 1944  | Noted for having bright pink flesh. P Surprise x unknown. Sweet. Possibly has crab apple in its ancestry. Makes cider with a reddish tint if pressed.  | Eating  | Pick September
Pinova[4][8] |  | Dresden-Pillnitz, Germany  | 1965, introduced 1986  | Bred in Germany over an 18-year period. Marketed as "Piñata" in the United States. Fragrant smell, thin skin and balanced sweet and tart flavour profile. From Clivia x Golden Delicious. Width 60–65 mm (2.4–2.6 in), height 50–60 mm (2.0–2.4 in), weight 125 g (4.4 oz). Stalk 30 mm (1.2 in). Flesh is yellowish, crisp, subacid, aromatic. Cold storage 1-2oC 120 days.  | Cooking, eating  | PickE early–mid-October. PickG mid–late October; use December–May
Pirja[38] |  | Finland  | Introduced 1980  | A red apple. P Huvitus x Melba. Flesh subacid.  | Eating  | Pick early August
Piros[20][4][8] |  | Dresden-Pillnitz, Germany  | 1963\. Introduced 1985  | A green apple with red flush. P Helios x Apollo. Width 65–75 mm (2.6–3.0 in), height 60–75 mm (2.4–3.0 in). Weight 130 g (4.6 oz). Stalk 26 mm (1.0 in). Flesh is soft, juicy, subacid, aromatic. Cold storage 3oC 20 days.  | Eating  | PickG early August; use August–September
Pitmaston Pineapple[7] |  | Moseley, Worcester, England  | c. 1785 | A dessert apple known since 1785. Small oblong apples with a yellow-green russeted skin. Width 53 mm (2.1 in), height 49 mm (1.9 in). Stalk medium. Flesh is yellow, firm, juicy, intense nutty, honeyed flavour with, as the name suggests, tropical undertones and some balancing acidity. Trees are biennial but produce heavy crops in the 'on' year.  | Eating  | Pick mid-September; use October–December
Pixie[7] agm[188][31] |  | England  | 1947  | Resistant to scab and mildew. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 51 mm (2.0 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Flesh is creamy white, crisp, intensely aromatic, Cox-like flavour, but sharper. FCC from RHS in 1972.  | Eating  | Pick early–mid-October; use December–March
Pixie Crunch (a.k.a. Coop 33)[189] |  | New Jersey, US  | Cross made 1971, selected 1978  | A greenish-yellow apple with purple-red overcolor (90–100%). Width 66–74 mm (2.6–2.9 in), height 56–63 mm (2.2–2.5 in). Stalk 18 mm (0.71 in). SS 12.3. Flesh is yellow-white, crisp, breaking, juicy, subacid.  | Eating  | Pick September 12–18. Use September–November.
Pohorka[4] |  | Yugoslavia  | 1960  | P Cox Orange x Ontario. Flesh is juicy, aromatic, subacid.  | Eating  | PickE late October. PickG early October. Use December–June.
Pomme Grise[10][9][27][26] |  |  | <1850  | Width 61–63 mm (2.4–2.5 in), height 45–50 mm (1.8–2.0 in). Stalk 12–14 mm (0.47–0.55 in). Flesh is yellow, juicy, aromatic, subacid, delicious.  | Eating  | Use January–March
Pomme Royale (see Dyer)
Pommerscher Krummstiel (a.k.a. Krummstiel, Krummstengel, Gestreifter Römerapfel)[15] |  | Vorpommern, Germany  | <1798  | A yellow apple with red stripes. Width 65–80 mm (2.6–3.1 in), height 65–80 mm (2.6–3.1 in). Stalk 20–25 mm (0.79–0.98 in). Flesh is greenish-white, juicy, subacid. Quality: cooking good, eating fair.  | Cooking  | Pick October; use November–February
Ponyik alma (a.k.a. Poinikapfel) [17] |  | Hungary  | <1872  | A green yellow apple with brown overcolour. Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in).  | Eating  | PickE mid-October. Use November–January.
Poorhouse[9] |  | Kentucky, US  | <1880  | Flesh yellow, juicy, subacid. Very good.  | Eating  | Use December
Porter's[10][26][27][58] |  | Sherburne, Massachusetts, US  | <1850  | Width 72 mm (2.8 in), height 72 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 23 mm (0.91 in). Smallish, squat, deep golden yellow colour with red blush and firm, Flesh is yellow, fine-grained, aromatic, subacid, good to very good. Tree is vigorous, healthy, productive.  | Eating, cooking, cider  | Use August–October. Pick E September.
Pott's Seedling[7] |  | Cheshire, England  | 1849  | Pale green to yellow colour. Width 81 mm (3.2 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk length is variable. Flesh is greenish white, soft, acid.  | Cooking  | Pick early September; use September–October
Pound Sweet (a.k.a. Briar Sweet)[27] |  | Manchester, Connecticut, US  | 1834  | Amber coloration. Used mostly for making apple butter. Russets. Does well in moderate cold. Suitable to areas with snowy winters.  | Cooking  |
Prairie Spy[11] |  | Excelsior, Minnesota  | Cross made 1913, selected 1923, introduced 1940.  | P unknown. Flesh is crisp, juicy. Fruit most nearly resembles Northern Spy.  | Eating, cooking  | Pick October
Present van Holland[16] |  | Netherlands  | Introduced 1940  | A yellow to greenish apple with red stripes. Width 77 mm (3.0 in), height 73 mm (2.9 in). Stalk 18 mm (0.71 in). Flesh is white, juicy, subacid. P Present van Engeland x Brabant Bellefleur.  | Eating  | Use January–April
Priam[190][191] |  | Lafayette, Indiana, US  | Cross made 1951, first fruited 1956, introduced 1971  | Greenish yellow, striped or blushed with red. Width 65–75 mm (2.6–3.0 in), height 60–70 mm (2.4–2.8 in). Stalk 8 mm (0.31 in). Flesh is creamy white, crisp, subacid. Ripens with Cortland.  | Eating  | Pick one week before Delicious. Use October–January.
Priestly[9][192] |  | Pennsylvania, US  | <1820  | Flesh is white, juicy, aromatic. Tree is vigorous, productive.  | Eating. Cooking.  | Use December–March
Prima (a.k.a. Co-op 2)[193] |  | United States  | 1958, introduced 1970  | Resistant to scab and most diseases. Ripens 3 weeks before Jonathan.  | Eating  | Pick45 September 3. Pick55 August 27.
Primevére[194] |  | New York, US  | Cross made 1962. Selected 1969.  | A red apple. Width 68–76 mm (2.7–3.0 in), height 65–76 mm (2.6–3.0 in). Stalk is short. Flesh is pale green, firm, crisp. Tree is vigorous.  | Eating  | Pick October 7–10. Use October–March.
Primate (a.k.a. Scott, Powers, July Apple)[9][27][26][10] |  | US  | <1830  | Width 72–94 mm (2.8–3.7 in), height 62–76 mm (2.4–3.0 in). Stalk 16–25 mm (0.63–0.98 in). Tree is hardy, very productive. Flesh is white, tender, subacid, very good or best.  | Eating  | Pick late August; use September–October
Primicia[18][195] |  | New Jersey, US/Brazil  | Cross made 1975, selected 1982.  | Yellow with red overcolor (80–100%). P D1R101T117 x D1R103T245. Flesh is juicy, subacid, fair. Tree is very productive.  | Eating  | Pick 3 week before Gala.
Primula[5] |  | Poland  |  |
Princesa[18] |  | Brazil  | Introduced 1988  | P NJ 56 x Anna. Flesh is sweet, subacid.  | Eating  |
Prinzenapfel see Melonenapfel
Priscilla (a.k.a. Co-op 4)[193] |  | US  | Introduced 1972  | A red apple.  | Eating  | Pick45 September 4. Pick55 August 28.
Pristine (a.k.a. Coop 32)[196][197][44] |  | West Lafayette, Indiana, United States  | Cross made 1974, selected 1982, introduced 1994  | A lemon yellow apple. Resistant to most diseases. Width 64–70 mm (2.5–2.8 in), height 56–66 mm (2.2–2.6 in). Overcolor 8%. Flesh is yellow, crisp, subacid.  | Eating  | Pick45 July 30. Pick55 July 20. Use August.
Pryor Red[9][58] |  | Virginia, US  | <1830  | Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 17 mm (0.67 in). Flesh is yellow, tender, juicy, subacid.  | Eating  | Use January–March
Pumpkin Sweet[9][27][26][10] |  | Connecticut, US  | <1834  | A very large sweet apple. Width 77 mm (3.0 in), height 71 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 17 mm (0.67 in). Biennial. Flesh is white, firm, crisp, juicy, very sweet, peculiar flavor. Quality good for baking.  | Baking, cooking  | Use September–October
Puritan[198] |  | Amherst, Massachusetts, US  | Cross made c. 1931, Introduced 1953  | A red apple with white flesh, medium size. Tendency to bear biennially. Parentage McIntosh x Red Astrachan.  | Eating  | Pick an use as Early McIntosh.
Purpurroter Cousinot (nl. Roode Kroons-Appel)[32] |  | Possibly Holland  | <1760  | A yellow apple striped with red. Width 60–70 mm (2.4–2.8 in), height 55–65 mm (2.2–2.6 in).  | Cooking, juice  | Use December–May.

### Q

[edit]

Common name  | Image  | Origin  | First developed  | Comment  | Use  | Pick/Use period

|
|
|
|
|
|

Queen[7][31][16][13] |  | Essex, England  | Raised 1858, introduced 1880  | Large cooking apple. FCC from RHS in 1880. Width 78–89 mm (3.1–3.5 in), height 57–64 mm (2.2–2.5 in). Stalk 13–18 mm (0.51–0.71 in). Cells ovate, axile.  | Cooking  | Pick late August; use September–December
Querina see Florina
Quince (a.k.a. Cole's Quince)[10] |  | US  | <1850  | A medium-sized ribbed apple. Flesh is yellowish-white, juicy, aromatic, subacid.  | Cooking  | Use November–January
Quinte[25] |  | Canada  | 1964  | A red oblong apple. Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 65 mm (2.6 in). P Crimson Beauty x Red Melba.  | Eating  | Pick August
Quittenförmiger Gulderling[28] |  | Germany  | <1830  | Width 62–78 mm (2.4–3.1 in), height 56–80 mm (2.2–3.1 in). Stalk 6 mm (0.24 in).  | Cooking  | Use November–February

### R

[edit]

Common name  | Image  | Origin  | First developed  | Comment  | Use  | Pick/Use period

|
|
|
|
|
|

Råby Rubin[81] |  | Sweden  | c. 1960 | A small greenish-yellow apple with red flush. Flesh is juicy, subacid, aromatic, good.  | Eating  | Pick October; use October–December
Rafzubin see Rubinette
Ragan (a.k.a. Ragan's Red)[9] |  | Indiana, US  | <1870  | A green apple striped with red. Flesh is yellowish-white, pleasant, juicy, spicy, subacid. Tree is hardy, vigorous.  | Eating  | Use October–November
Rainha[18] |  | Brazil  | 1975  | P Golden Delicious x Valinhense. Flesh is sweet, subacid.  | Eating  |
Rajka[21] |  | Czechoslovakia  | 1983  | A scab-resistant apple. Parentage: Shampion x (Jolana x Rubin).  | Eating  | Pick 10 days before Golden Delicious.
Ralls Genet (a.k.a. Ralls)[26][27][58] |  | Virginia, US  | c. 1800 | Biennial. Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Flesh is white, firm, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, very good.  | Eating  | Use November–April
Rambo (a.k.a. Romanite of New Jersey, Bread and Cheese)[10] |  | US  | <1850  | Width 78 mm (3.1 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Flesh is greenish-white, tender, juicy, subacid, aromatic, vinous. DBH 160.  | Cooking, eating  | Pick50 October 10. Use October–December
Rambour de Flandre (see Flandrischer Rambour)
Rambour d'Hiver (a.k.a. Rambour Rouge, Rambour Doux)[199][33][34][28] |  | France  | 1628  | A green apple with red stripes. Width 75–105 mm (3.0–4.1 in), height 55–85 mm (2.2–3.3 in), weight 280 g (9.9 oz). Stalk 16–19 mm (0.63–0.75 in).  | Eating, cooking  |
Rambour Franc (a.k.a. Lothringer Rambour, Müschens Rosenapfel)[28] |  | France  | 1665  | Yellow green with red flush. Width 87–112 mm (3.4–4.4 in), height 60–86 mm (2.4–3.4 in). Stalk 11 mm (0.43 in). DBH 119.  | Eating, cooking  | Pick50 September 4. Use October–November
Rambour Papeleu[28] |  | Crimera, Ukraine  | 1850  | Green with red flush. Width 77 mm (3.0 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in).  | Eating, cooking  | Pick October; use October–December
Ramsdell (a.k.a. Ramsdell Sweet, Hurlbut, fr. Ramsdell)[10][26][34] |  | Connecticut, US  | c. 1838 | Width 90 mm (3.5 in), height 89 mm (3.5 in). Stalk 14 mm (0.55 in). Flesh is yellow, firm, tender, juicy, very sweet, good to very good.  | Baking  | Use September
Raritan[6] |  | New Jersey, US  | raised 1949  | A green apple flushed with red (70-90%). Width 62–69 mm, height 58mm. Stalk 18 mm. Flesh: crisp, juicy, subacid, flavour of raspberries. P (Melba X Sonora) X (Melba X ( Williams X Starr)). Scab resistant.  | Eating  | PickE mid-August. Use August–September.
Rawle's Janett see Ralls Janet
Reanda[20] |  | Germany  | 1993  | A red apple resistant to scab and fire-blight.  | Eating, cooking  | Pick September; use October–January
Rebella[120] |  | Dresden-Pilnitz, Germany  | Selected 1986  | A yellow apple with red overcolor. Flesh is creamy-white, crisp, firm, aromatic. Resistant to apple scab, powdery mildew and fire blight.  | Eating  |
Red and Green Sweet[27] |  | US  | <1817  | Stalk short to medium. Flesh is white, tender, juicy, sweet.  | Eating  | Use August–September
Red Astrachan(cs. Astrachan cervený, de. Roter Astrachan, fr. Astracan rouge, pl. Oliwka czerwona[7][12][26][10][27][33][34][13][199] |  | Russia or Sweden  | c. 1800 | Extremely resistant to frost. Width 60–82 mm (2.4–3.2 in), height 76–83 mm (3.0–3.3 in). Stalk 12–14 mm (0.47–0.55 in). Cells ovate, axile. Flesh is white, fine, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, aromatic, good to very good. The tree does not attain a large size. VitC 12.  | Cooking  | Pick August; use August
Red Canada (a.k.a. Poland, Richfield Nonsuch)[9][10][26][27] |  | US  | <1820  | Width 74–81 mm (2.9–3.2 in), height 61–67 mm (2.4–2.6 in). Stalk 17–21 mm (0.67–0.83 in). Flesh is white, tender, crisp. Very good.  | Eating  | Use January–May
Red Delicious[119][31][7][127][32][26][8] |  | Iowa, US  | c. 1870 | Unmistakable for its acutely conic shape, dark red colour and telltale bumps on bottom. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 19–22 mm (0.75–0.87 in). Flavour is sweet and mild. Extremely poor choice for cooking or cider; tastes terrible in pies. Original seedling known as "Hawkeye." Rights bought by Stark Brothers in 1893. First marketed as "Delicious" or "Stark's Delicious," name changed to "Red Delicious" in 1914 when Stark bought the rights to Mullin's Yellow Seedling, changing that apple's name to "Yellow Delicious". Red Delicious has many sports and ranks as the world's most prolific apple. Cold Storage 0.5oC 120 days. DBH 142-153.  | Eating  | Pick45 October 12. Pick55 September 10. Use December–March
Red Devil[6] |  | Kent, England  | raised 1975  | A green apple with scarlet flush (90%). Width 74–83 mm, height 55-70mm. Stalk 7 mm. Flesh pink-white, crisp, juicy, aromatic, subacid, strawberry flavour. P Discovery x Kent  | Eating, juice  | PickE late September. Use October–December.
Red Duchess[11] |  | New York, US  | 1914\. Introduced 1937  | A red mutant of Duchess.  |  |
Red Falstaff agm[200] |  |  |  | Falstaff sport with red/orange flush to the skin, late, prolific  | Eating  |
Redfree (a.k.a. Coop 13)[201] |  | US  | Introduced 1981  | A yellow apple with red stripes (80–90%). P Raritan x PRI 1018–101. Flesh is firm, subacid, good. Stalk 22 mm (0.87 in).  | Eating  | Pick45 August 15. Pick55 August 5. Use August–September.
Redgold[11] |  | Washington  | Selected 1936, introduced 1946  | P Golden Delicious x Richared Delicious.  | Eating  |
Red Graham[11] |  | Manistee, Michigan  | Discovered 1926. Introduced 1936  | Mutation of Northern Spy.  | Cooking  | Ripens with McIntosh.
Red Gravenstein[202] |  | Washington, US  | Discovered 1907 or 1908, introduced 1924.  | A red sport of Gravenstein. DBH 109.  | Eating, cooking, pie  | Pick50 August 22.
Red June (a.k.a. Red Juneating, Carolina Red June)[27][9][10][26] |  | North Carolina, US  | <1848  | Flesh white, fine, tender juicy, subacid, good to very good. Width 55–65 mm (2.2–2.6 in), height 57–67 mm (2.2–2.6 in). Stalk 13–20 mm (0.51–0.79 in).  | Eating  | Use August–October
Red Juneating 1. see Red June
Red Juneating 2. see Early Strawberry
Red Juneating 3. see Margaret
Red Prince |  | Weert, Netherlands  | 1994  | Medium-sized, conic, uniform deep red skin. Flesh is white, crisp, sweet and juicy, with hints of cherry and almond. Excellent keeper. Chance seedling (a natural cross of Jonathan and Golden Delicious) discovered in 1994. Marketed throughout Europe, in 2001, Global Fruit in Ontario became exclusive growers of the variety in North America.  | Eating, cooking  |
Red Russet[9] |  | New Hampshire, US  | <1875  | Stalk is short. Flesh is yellow, crisp, tender, subacid. Very good.  | Eating  | Use January–April
Red Sauce[11] |  | Geneva, New York, US  | 1917, introduced 1926  | P Deacon Jones x Wealthy. Flesh is subacid.  | Cooking  | Use October
Red Spy[11] |  | New York, US  | Introduced 1923  | Mutation of Northern Spy.  | Cooking  |
Red Stripe[10] |  | Possibly Indiana, US  | <1850  | Stalk is short. Flesh is whitish, tender, acid, juicy.  | Cooking, eating  | Use July–August
Red Striped Graham[11] |  | Manistee, Michigan, US  | Discovered 1926, introduced 1936  | A striped apple. Bud mutation of Northern Spy. Tree growth is similar to Northern Spy.  |  | Ripens with McIntosh
Red Winesap(a.k.a. Strand Winesap) [11] |  | Yakima, Washington, US  | Discovered 1927. Introduced 1928 or 1930  | P unknown.  |  |
Red Winter Pearmain 1. see Buncombe
Red Winter Pearmain 2. see Kaighn
Red Winter Pearmain 3. see Long Red Pearmain
Red Winter Pearmain 4. see Milam
Red Winter Pearmain 5. see Westfield Seek-No-Further
Red York Imperial see Colora Red York
Reglindis[20] |  | Germany  | 1990  | Yellow with red flush. Sugar 10.6%, acid 0.83%, juice yield 80%.  | Cooking, juice  | Pick September; use October–November
Reinette Clochard[34][203] |  | France  | <1850  | Width 67–73 mm, height 58 mm. Stalk short. Flesh yellowish, juicy, subacid. Tree vigorous.  | Eating, Cooking  | PickE mid-October. Use January–March.
Reinette de Bayeux[34] |  | France  | <1817  | Width 70–75 mm, height 58–65 mm. Stalk 8–22 mm. Flesh cream colored, firm, crisp, subacid, aromatic. TRIPLOID.  | Eating, Cooking, Pie  | Use November - March
Reinette de Breda (see Breda Reinette)
Reinette de Bretange[28][34] |  | France  | <1670  | Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 8 mm (0.31 in). Flesh is sweet, crisp.  | Eating, cooking, cider  | Use November–February
Reinette Burchardt see Burchardt's Reinette
Reinette Coulon[204][132][8] |  | Belgium  | 1856  | Width 77–95 mm, height 61–80 mm. Stalk 25 mm. Flesh yellowish-white, fine grained, firm, crisp, juicy, aromatic, subacid. TRIPLOID. Parentage Dutch Mignonne x ? Cold storage 3oC 150 days.  | Eating, cooking  | Pick late October. Use December - March.
Reinette de Carmes (a.k.a. Reinette des Carmes, Karmeliter Renette)[28][34] |  | France  | <1700  | A yellow apple striped with red. Width 69–74 mm., height 53–70 mm. Stalk 17 mm. Flesh: juicy, subacid.  | Eating  | Pick October. Use December–March.
Reinette de Caux (see Dutch Mignonne)
Reinette de Champagne[20][28][8] |  | France  | 1770  | A green apple. Width 66–79 mm (2.6–3.1 in), height 48–58 mm (1.9–2.3 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Flesh is crisp, juicy, acid. Cold storage 3oC 180 days. VitC 12. Density 0.84  | Cooking, eating  | PickG late October. Pickg October 23–30. Use February–May
Reinette de Cuzy[33][34] |  | France  | <1863  | A yellow or green apple with russet and some red flush. Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 8 mm (0.31 in).  |  | Use December–May.
Reinette de Damason (see Reinette de Mâcon)
Reinette de Dietz see Dietzer Gold-Reinette
Reinette de France[6] |  | Belgium of France  | <1858  | A flat-round green apple with red overcolor and much russet. Flesh yellowish-white, crisp, juicy, subacid, slightly aromatic. Triploid. Parentage Court pendu plat x ? Very popular in France. Flowering very late.  | Eating  | Pick October Use November - March.
Reinette de Geer[6] |  | Belgium  | 1815  | Width 64–72 mm, height 50–56 mm. Stalk 12 mm. Flesh yellowish, fine grained, crisp, juicy, subacid, aromatic.  | Eating  | Pick early October. Use November - February
Reinette de Mâcon (de. Damason Reinette, Reinette von Damason, fr. Reinette de Damason, Reinette de Maçon, ru. Renet Damason)[6][34][28][199] |  | Mâcon, France  | <1628  | A flat-round apple with red overcolor and much russet. Width 77 mm, height 62 mm. Stalk 12–15 mm. Flesh dry, subacid. Triploid.  | Eating, juice, cider  | PickE early October. Use December–March.
Reinette de Metz[205] |  | France  | <1948  | Width 68–75 mm, height 55–60 mm. Stalk 16 mm. Flesh cream, firm, rich, sweet.  | Eating  | PickE early October. Use November–December.
Reinette de Montmorency[28][34] |  |  | <1800  | A yellow apple with red flush. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in). Flesh is juicy, sweet.  | Cooking, eating  | Use January–May
Reinnete Diel[12][28] |  | Belgium  | <1801  | A beautiful dessert apple of first quality. Width 50 mm (2.0 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). The tree is a healthy and vigorous grower.  | Eating  | Use December–March
Reinette Dippedalle[28] |  | France  | <1850  | Green with red flush. Width 57 mm (2.2 in), height 45 mm (1.8 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in).  | Cooking, eating  | Use December–April
Reinette Dorée(a.k.a. Französische Goldrennte, Geele Renet, Geele Fransche Renet, Reinette de Lorraine, Reinette Tulipe)[206] |  | France  | <1780  | Width 65–80 mm, height 55–65 mm. Stalk 10–22 mm. Flesh aromatic, subacid.  | Eating  | Use December - April
Reinette d'Orleans see Orleans Reinette
Reinette d'Osnabruck see Osnabrücker Reinette
Reinette du Canada(cs. Kanadská reneta, de. Kanada Reinette, Pariser Rambour Reinette, ru. Renet Kanadskii)[7][4][14][32][9][17][8] |  | Normandy, France  | <1771  | Despite its name, it is an old French cultivar of domesticated apple. It is a reinette type of golden apple, with much russeting, which keeps shape in cooking. AM from RHS in 1901. If stored for some time it gets softer and is good to eat. Width 90–100 mm (3.5–3.9 in), height 70–80 mm (2.8–3.1 in), weight 170 g (6.0 oz). Triploid. Flesh is crisp, subacid, juicy. Cold storage 4oC 150 days. VitC 17. Density 0.80  | Eating, cooking, baking, juice  | Use December–March
Reinette Franche[12][33][34][58] |  | France  | c. 1510  | A dessert apple of first-rate quality. Width 70–85 mm (2.8–3.3 in), height 62–77 mm (2.4–3.0 in). Stalk 11–20 mm (0.43–0.79 in). Flesh yellowish-white, firm. The tree is a free grower, but subject to canker. This cultivar is in the gentic pedigree of around 18% of all apple cultivars. 2  | Eating  | Use November–April
Reinette Grise(cs. Kožená reneta zimni, de. Graue französische Reinette, fr. Reinette grise, ru. Renet serîi, Renet serîi franțuzskii, sv. Allmän grå renett, Läderrenett)[12][32][34][17] |  | France  | <1800  | A very fine dessert apple. Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 56–63 mm (2.2–2.5 in). The tree is a healthy and vigororus grower, and an excellent bearer. Flesh is greenish-white, juicy, subacid.  | Eating, juice, drying  | Use November–May
Reinette Grise d'Automne(aka Graue Herbstrenette, cs. Kožená reneta podzimní)[32][28] |  | France or Holland  | <1670  | A greenish-yellow apple with russet. Width 65–85 mm (2.6–3.3 in), height 50–75 mm (2.0–3.0 in). C 18. Flesh is greenish-white, juicy, subacid.  | Eating, juice, drying  | Use October–January.
Reinette grise (de. Saintonge)[33] |  |  |  | A green apple with russet. Width 83 mm (3.3 in), height 75 mm (3.0 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in).  |  | Use January–April
Reinette Harbert see Harbert's Reinette
Reinette Middelburg(a.k.a. Reinette von Middelburg)[28] |  | Netherlands  | <1819  | Yellow conical. Width 56–65 mm (2.2–2.6 in), height 52–62 mm (2.0–2.4 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in).  | Cooking, eating  | Use December–April
Reinette Oberdieck(ru. Renet Oberdika)[34][17] |  | Germany ?  | <1865  | Width 70 mm, height 60 mm. Stalk 12–20 mm. Flesh yellowish, juicy, aromatic, subacid.  | Eating  | Use December - April.
Reinette Rouge Etoilée (a.k.a. Reinette Etoilée, Rothe Stern-Reinette) (nl. Sterappel)[7][32][28] |  | Belgium or Netherlands  | 1830  | Round red apple. No ribs. Width 62 mm (2.4 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Stalk is short and stout. Flesh is white, dry, subacid. VitC 3–14. Density 0.83  | Eating  | Use October–December
Reinette Russet[207] |  | Angers, France  | Selected 1979  | Mutation of King of the Pippins. Width 63–76 mm (2.5–3.0 in), height 52–62 mm (2.0–2.4 in). Weight 117–204 g (4.1–7.2 oz). SS 14.9%, TA 1%  | Cider  |
Reinette Simerenko (see Wood's Greening)
Reinette Weidner see Weidner's Goldreinette
Reinette von Wormsley(a.k.a Reinette de Wormsley, Wormsley Pippin)[28][13][34] |  | England  | <1811  | Width 80–84 mm, height 63–72 mm. Stalk short. Flesh yellowish-white, tender, crisp, rich, brisk, aromatic. juicy, subacid. Cells roundish ovate, axile.  | Eating, cooking  | Use September - October.
Reka[20] |  | Dresden-Pillnitz, Germany  | 1984, introduced 1993  | A green apple with red flush.  | Eating  | Pick September; use September–October
Relinda[20] |  | Dresden-Pillnitz, Germany  | 1993  | A scab resistant red apple. P Undine x F3.  | Eating, cooking  | Pick October; use December–March
Remo[20] |  | Dresden-Pillnitz, Germany  | Introduced 1990  | A green apple with red overcolor (50–100%). Resistant to powdery mildew, scab and fire blight. Sugar 12.9%. TA 1.58%.  | Juice  | Pick September. Use September–October.
Renown[14] |  | Welford Park, Berkshire, England  | <1908  | A conical uneven apple, covered with red flush. P Peasgood Nonsuch x Cox Orange. AM from RHS in 1908. Flesh is pale yellow firm, good. Raised by Charles Ross.  | Cooking, eating  | PickE late September.
Rescue[11] |  | Saskatchewan, Canada  | Introduced 1933  | P Blushed Calville x unknown.  | Eating  | Pick late August
Retina[20][208] |  | Dresden-Pillnitz, Germany  | 1991  | A yellow apple with red flush. P Apollo x F3. Resistant to scab.  | Eating, cooking  | Pick September; use October
Rev. W. Wilks[7][31][77] |  | Slough, Buckinghamshire, England  | 1904, introduced 1908  | P Peasgood's Nonsuch x Ribston Pippin. Pastel green with a light pink flush. Very disease-resistant. Width 89 mm (3.5 in), height 76 mm (3.0 in). Stalk 10–16 mm (0.39–0.63 in). Cooks to a light, pale puree, hardly needing any sugar. AM from RHS in 1904. FCC from RHS in 1910. Nearly resistant to apple scab and apple canker.  | Cooking  | Pick early September; use September–November
Rewena[20] |  | Dresden-Pillnitz, Germany  | 1991  | A green apple with purple overcolour (up to 80%). Resistant to scab, powdery mildew and fire-blight. P BV 67,47 x F3  | Eating, cooking  | Pick August; use September
Rheinisher Krummstiel[32][28][4] |  | Germany  | <1828  | A yellow apple, striped with red. Width 65–75 mm (2.6–3.0 in), height 60–75 mm (2.4–3.0 in). C 5. Stalk 7 mm (0.28 in). Flesh is yellowish-white, crisp juicy, subacid.  | Cooking, eating, juice  | PickG late October. Use December–April.
Rheinische Schafsnase[28][15] |  | Germany  | <1886  | Width 71–84 mm (2.8–3.3 in), height 64–83 mm (2.5–3.3 in). Stalk 9–15 mm (0.35–0.59 in). Flesh is juicy, sweet.  | Cooking  | Use December–February
Rheinischer Winterrambour (a.k.a. Winterrambour)[4] |  | Germany  | <1650  | A large apple. Flesh is greenish-white, juicy, sweet. VitC 15. TRI  | Eating, cooking  | PickG early October. Use December–March.
Rhode Island Greening (a.k.a. Burlington Greening, Russine, Bell Dubois, Jersey Greening, fr. Verte de Rhode-Island)[7][9][27][26][13][28][34] |  | Newport, Rhode Island, US  | 1650s  | Extremely old variety for United States, second only to Roxbury Russet in age. Width 81–93 mm (3.2–3.7 in), height 65–74 mm (2.6–2.9 in). Stalk 16–24 mm (0.63–0.94 in). Cells obovate, axile. Grass-green colour with some possible russeting near stem. Bred to keep over winter; will store well. Occasional reddish pink blush. Flesh is yellow, firm, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, very good. Excellent choice for pies and strudels when used for baking.  | Cider, cooking  | Use November–February
Ribston Pippin (a.k.a. Formosa Pippin, Glory of York, Travers Pippin)[7][14] agm[209][31][26][10][27][33][16][13][34][8] |  | Knaresborough, North Yorkshire, England  | 1708  | An irregularly-shaped and sometimes lopsided apple, usually round to conical and flattened at the base with distinct ribbing. Width 70–78 mm (2.8–3.1 in), height 58–62 mm (2.3–2.4 in). Stalk 7–10 mm (0.28–0.39 in). Cells obovate, axile. Skin is yellow with an orange blush and red streaked with russet dots. Yellow flesh is firm, fine-grained, crisp, juicy, aromatic and with a pear-like flavour, subacid, very good. The original Ribston Pippin sprouted in 1708 from one of three apple pips sent from Normandy to Sir Henry Goodricke, 4th Baronet of Ribston Hall at Knaresborough. P Margil x Nonsuch Park. The original tree stood until 1835. It then sent up a new shoot and, on the original roots, lived until 1928.Cold storage 0oC 180 days. VitC 31. TRI  | Eating  | Pick early October. PickG mid–late September. Use November–January
Richard's Graft (a.k.a. Red Spitzenberg, Strawberry, Derrikinan)[10][27] |  | New York, US  | <1852  | Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 59 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Biennial. Flesh is yellowish-white, tender, juicy, aromatic, subacid, very good. Tree is medium-sized.  | Eating  | Use September–October
Richared Delicious[11] |  | Washington  | Selected 1915. Introduced 1926  | Mutation of Delicious. Trademarked by Columbia and Okanogan Nursery Company, Washington.  | Eating  |
Ridge[10] |  | US  | <1850  | A large apple. Flesh is yellowish, juicy, crisp, sweet, aromatic. Tree is a good grower and bearer.  | Eating  | Use March–April
Ringstad[24][6] |  | Sweden  | c. 1800 | A yellow apple with red overcolour. Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in).  | Eating  | Pick September; use October–November
Risäter[24] |  | Sweden  | c. 1800 | A yellow apple. Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Flesh is subacid.  | Eating, cooking, cider  | Pick September; use October–November
Rival[7][14][53][31][16] |  | Berkshire, England  | 1900  | Round, flattened and somewhat uneven-shaped apple. A fairly good cropper, keeping well into December. Raised by Charles Ross. AM from RHS in 1900. Width 73–81 mm (2.9–3.2 in), height 58–64 mm (2.3–2.5 in). Stalk 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in).  | Eating, cooking  | Pick late September–early October; use October–December
Rivers' Early Peach[14] |  | Sawbridgeworth, Hertfordshire, England  | Introduced 1893  | A yellow flat conical apple. Width 88 mm (3.5 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Flesh is white, sweet, aromatic, dry. Stalk is short. Raised by Rivers Nursery.  | Eating  | Pick early to mid-August. Use August.
Rivers' Nonsuch[6] |  | Sawbridgeworth, Hertfordshire, England  | <1875  | A yellow apple with red stripes. Width 63–73 mm, height 47–53 mm. Stalk 25 mm. Raised by Rivers Nursery.  | Eating  | Pick mid September. Use September–October.
Rockit[210] |  | New Zealand  | Introduced to US 2011[211] | A miniature red and yellow apple. Width 30–50 mm (1.2–2.0 in).[212] Flesh is firm, juicy, sweet.  | Eating  | Use August–October.[213]
Rock Pippin (a.k.a. Ridge Pippin, Lemon)[10] |  | US  | <1850  | Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 75 mm (3.0 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Flesh is yellow, dry, acid.  | Cooking  | Use December–March
Rokewood[6] |  | Australia  | <1900  | Skin yellow, almost completely covered with deep red blush. Width 56 mm, height 50 mm. Stalk 18 mm. Tree is a vigorous grower and regular and heavy bearer. One of the very best keeping apples. Not suited for England.  | Eating  | Ripens March–April in Australia.
Rolfe[27] |  | Maine, US  | <1857  | Stalk is short- to medium-length. Flesh is whitish, tender, juicy, sweet.  | Eating  | Use August–September
Roman Stem[27] |  | New Jersey, US  | <1800  | Flesh is juicy, aromatic, subacid, very good.  | Eating  | Use October–December
Rome Beauty(cs. Rimské krásné, de. Morgenduft, fr. Belle de Rome, ru. Rimskaia krasavița)[7][10][14][27][214][127][17][4] |  | Rome, Ohio, United States  | Introduced 1848  | Rounded, deep red, and very glossy. Width 72–86 mm (2.8–3.4 in), height 66–74 mm (2.6–2.9 in). Stalk 28 mm (1.1 in). Flesh is yellow, firm, crisp, juicy, aromatic, mild subacid, good. Develops an extraordinary depth and richness when cooked. DBH 162–175.  | Cooking, eating  | Pick 45 October 15. Pick55 September 25. Use November–May
Ronk[27] |  | Indiana, US  | 1860  | An apple of the Vandevere type.  | Eating  | Use October–January
Roode Tulpappel[16] |  |  |  | A yellow conical apple, striped and flushed with red. Width 59 mm (2.3 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). Stalk 7 mm (0.28 in).  |  | Pick early August. Use early August.
Rosemary Russet[7][14] agm[215][31] |  | United Kingdom  | First recorded 1831  | Flat conical, yellow with brick red flush, flesh crisp, yellow. Regular cropper. Flesh is creamy white, fine-textured, juicy, sweet, sharp, like 'Ashmead's Kernel'. Width 64–70 mm (2.5–2.8 in), height 55–60 mm (2.2–2.4 in). Stalk 24–28 mm (0.94–1.10 in).  | Eating  | Pick late September; use November–March
Rosenhæger Danish[37] |  | Denmark  | <1795  | A green apple with red overcolour. Width 53–60 mm (2.1–2.4 in), height 48–55 mm (1.9–2.2 in).  | Eating  | Use October–November
Rosenhäger Swedish[24] |  | Sweden  | <1800  | A yellow apple with red overcolour. Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 50 mm (2.0 in).  | Eating  | Use November–December
Ross Nonpareil[7][14][53] |  | Ireland  | <1802, introduced to England 1819  | Small, round, even, covered russet with dark crimson markings. Flesh is white, firm, soft, rich aromatic, nonpariel flavour.  | Eating  | Picke late September. Use November–January
Roter Ananas[37][216] |  | Sieglitzerberg, Germany  | 1854  | A red conical apple. Width 58 mm (2.3 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in).  | Cooking, eating  | Pick September; use September–October
Roter Eiserapfel[15][4][8] |  | Europe  | <1700  | A green apple with red flush. Width 75–80 mm (3.0–3.1 in), height 68–75 mm (2.7–3.0 in). Stalk 5–15 mm (0.20–0.59 in). Flesh is greenish-white, subacid, very hard. Quality: cooking good, juice good. Cold storage 2oC 120 days.  | Cooking, juice  | PickG mid-October. Use December–July
Roter Stettiner (a.k.a. cs. Vejlímek červený, Štétinské, de. Roter Winterstettiner, fr. Rouge de Stettin)[15][34][17] |  | Germany or Poland  | <1800  | Greenish-yellow with red flush. Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 11–15 mm (0.43–0.59 in). Flesh is yellowish-white, juicy, subacid. TRI  | Cooking, drying, juice  | Pick October; use January–June
Roter Trierer Weinapfel[20][15][4] |  | Germany  | <1880  | A red apple for juice and cider. Width 55 mm (2.2 in), height 47 mm (1.9 in). Stalk 15–18 mm (0.59–0.71 in). Flesh is white to yellow-green, crisp, acid, juicy.  | Juice, cider  | PickG late October; use November–March
Rote Sternrenette (see Reinette Rouge Etoilee)
Rother Jungfernapfel (a.k.a. Roter Böhmischer Jungfernapfel, cs. Panenské české, ru. Krasnîi petușok)[28][15][17] |  | Bohemia, Germany  | <1800  | A small apple. Width 49 mm (1.9 in), height 46 mm (1.8 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Flesh is yellowish-white, juicy.  | Eating, cooking  | Use November–January
Rother Winterhimbeerapfel (a.k.a. Oberländer Winterhimbeerapfel, Zigeunerapfel)[25] |  | Hungary  | <1850  | A red apple. Width 66 mm (2.6 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in). Flesh is juicy, aromatic.  | Eating  | Pick October; use November–March
Roundway Magnum Bonum[7][14][12] |  | Roundway Park, Devizes, Wiltshire, England  | <1864  | Very large apple. Width 82 mm (3.2 in), height 76 mm (3.0 in). Stalk is short to medium. A first-rate culinary or desert apple. Flesh is greenish-yellow, dry, sweet pear-like flavour.  | Eating, cooking  |
Rouville[5][43] |  | Canada  | Cross made 1962, selected 1972, introduced 1983  | A greenish-yellow apple with 75% red overcolor. Width 70–80 mm. Flesh white to reamy, juicy, subacid, fair to good. Tree vigorous.  | Eating, Cooking, Juice.  |
Roxbury Russet (a.k.a. Boston Russet, Putnam Russet, Warner Russet, Sylvan Russet, Belpre Russet, Marietta Russet, Howe's Russet)[10][71][27][26] |  | Massachusetts, United States  | c. 1640 | First tree was a chance seedling grown in Roxbury, Massachusetts, now a neighborhood of Boston. Oldest known variety of apple in America, planted by Pilgrim Fathers as foundation stock for Massachusetts Bay Colony. Knobbly, russetted coat gives green skin a bronze tinge. Flesh cream coloured flesh, firme, coarse, tender, juicy, subacid good to very good. Width 70–89 mm (2.8–3.5 in), height 57–76 mm (2.2–3.0 in), stalk 12–26 mm (0.47–1.02 in). Excellent keeper; resistant to fireblight. Mild flavour. Multi-purpose apple that is a wonderful choice for pies, eating fresh, or cider. Still available in New England farmer's markets; commercial interest recently renewed in this cultivar because of its past use as a cider apple.  | Cooking (pies), eating, cider  | Use January–June
Royal Gala[191] |  | Matamata, New Zealand  | Discovered 1971, introduced 1974  | Mutation of Gala. Flesh is yellow, firm, crisp, juicy.  | Eating  | Ripens before McIntosh. In Missouri, late August.
Ros Picant |  | Romania  | 19th century  | Characterized by its distinct, faintly spicy flavor. Green and yellow, mostly used for making cider and Pálinka.  | Cider, cooking, eating  |
Royal Jubilee (Graham's)(cs. Grahamovo, de. Graham, Grahams Jubiläumsapfel, ru. Graima iubileinoe, Zolotoe Graima, Graama iubileinoe.)[7][14][217][4][31][16][24][17] |  | Middlesex, England  | 1888, introduced 1893  | Large yellow conical cooking apple. Width 65–90 mm (2.6–3.5 in), height 54–90 mm (2.1–3.5 in), weight 130–190 g (4.6–6.7 oz). Raised by John Graham of Hounslow. Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). Tree is very dwarfed. Flesh is yellow, firm, subacid. Free from canker. VitC 5.  | Cooking, juice  | PickG mid-September; use October–December
Royal Late[14] |  | England  | <1896  | A large yellow-green apple with russet. Am from RHS in 1896. Flesh is soft, yellow, juicy, subacid. Very liable to canker.  | Cooking  |
Royal Russet[12] |  | England  | 1597  | A most excellent culinary apple of first rate quality. Width 88 mm (3.5 in), height 69 mm (2.7 in).  | Cooking  | Use November–May
Rozela  |  | Czech Republic  | 2008  | Flesh is medium firm, juicy with great aromatic flavour and delicate smell. The skin is attractive bright red with prominent lenticels. Annual producer of heavy crops, the resistant equivalent of Idared with outstanding flavour.  | Eating  |
Rubens (Civni)[120] |  | Ferrara, Italy  | 1985  | A greenish-yellow apple with red to orange-red overcolor (60–100%). P Elstar x Gala. Flesh is creamy-white, firm, juicy, sweet, aromatic.  | Eating  | Pick 10 days after Gala.
Rubinette (a.k.a. Rafzubin)[20][4][8] |  | Rafs, Switzerland  | 1966, Introduced 1982  | A yellow apple with red flush. P Golden Delicious x unknown. Flesh; juicy, aromatic, subacid. Cold storage 2-4oC 120 days.  | Eating  | PickG early–mid-October. Pickg October 1–10. Use October–December
Rubinola[21] |  | Czech Republic  |  | Parentage Prima x Rubin  | Eating, Juice  |
Rubinstar[43] |  | Gaiberg, Germany  | 1980  | Bud mutation of Jonagold. 70-90% red overcolor.  |
Rubisgold[84] |  | Sint-Truiden, Belgium  | 2013  | Parentage Rubinstep x Delblush  | Eating  | ripens with Golden Delicious
Ruddy[14] |  |  |  | A round apple covered with red flush. Flesh is sweet, slightly aromatic. P Ecklinville x Mere de Menage. Raised by Charles Ross.  |  |
Rushock Pearmain[12] |  | Wocestershire England  | 1821  | An apple of first-rate qualtity, almost entirely covered with russet. Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in).  | Eating  | Use Christmas–April
Rutledge[27] |  | Possibly Texas, US  | <1892  | Tree is vigorous. Flesh is tender, juicy, subacid, sweet, fair to good.  | Eating  | Use January–May

### S

[edit]

Common name  | Image  | Origin  | First developed  | Comment  | Use  | Pick/Use period

|
|
|
|
|
|

Sack and Sugar[14][13] |  | England  | c. 1820  | A yellow apple. Stalk is very short. Cells ovate, axile. Flesh is tender, juicy, aromatic, good.  | Cooking, eating  | Pick September
Saint Cecila[7][53] |  | Wales  | 1900  | Even oval, golden yellow with crimson flush and stripes. Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). FCC from RHS in 1919.  | Eating  | Pick early October; use December–March
Saint Clair[11] |  | Illinois, US  | Seed planted 1913 or 1914. Introduced 1935 or 1947  | Resembles Wealthy. Tree is strong, productive.  | Eating  |
Saint Edmund's Pippin[7][14]agm[218][31][13] |  | Bury, St. Edmunds Suffolk, England  | 1870s  | Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 52 mm (2.0 in). Stalk 12–22 mm (0.47–0.87 in). Cells ovate, axile. Unusual in the fact that it has scaly russet patches mixed with smooth. Raised by Mr. Harvey. One of the best early russets. Flesh is yellow, very juicy, vanilla/pear taste. Usually a light yellow-green.  | Eating  | Pick mid-September; use September–October
Saint Everard[7][14][53][159] |  | Papwoth Everard, near Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England  | 1900, introduced 1910  | Yellow striped with crimson. Width 57 mm (2.2 in), height 45 mm (1.8 in). FCC from RHS in 1919. Flesh is crisp, yellow, juicy, excellent.  | Eating  | Pick early September; use September
Saint German see Virginischer Rosenapfel
Saint Lawrence(fr. Saint-Laurent)[27][58][34] |  |  | <1831  | Width 60 mm, height 48 mm. Stalk 20mm. Flesh is tender, juicy, aromatic, subacid.  | Eating  | Use September–October
Saint Martins[14] |  | Hertfordshire, England  | <1896  | Brownish red with russet. Width 54 mm, height 50 mm. Sweet flavoured with a hint of lemons.. AM from RHS in 1896. P Bess Pool x Cox Orange.  | Eating  | PickE late October. Use October - December
Salome[26][27] |  | Illinois, US  | c. 1853 | Yellow with red flush, round oblate. Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Tree is vigorous, large. Flesh is yellow firm, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, good to very good.  | Eating  | Use November–March
Saltcote Pippin[7][53][219] |  | England  | <1918  | Good flavour reminding one of Mother. Award of Merit from RHS in 1928. Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 61 mm (2.4 in). Stalk is short or medium-length. Flesh is juicy, sweet, aromatic.  | Eating  | Pick early October; use November–January
Samo[38] |  | Finland  | Introduced 1981  | A greenish-yellow apple. P Melba x Huvitus. Flesh is sweet, subacid.  | Eating  | Pick September
Sandra[38] |  | Finland  | Introduced 1996  | A red Apple. P Lobo x Huvitus. Flesh is sweet, subacid.  | Eating  | Pick mid-September
Sandringham[14] |  | Norfolk, England  | Introduced 1884  | A yellow apple. FCC from RHS in 1883. P Woodford x King of the Pippins. Flesh is yellowish, firm, soft, subacid.  | Cooking  |
Sanspareil[53][14] |  | England  | <1899  | Medium to large, even round apple. Yellow red stripes. First Class Certificate from RHS in 1899.  | Cooking, eating  | Use February–May
Santana[21][220] |  | Wageningen, Netherlands  | 1978  | Scab resistant. Parentage Elstar x Priscilla.  | Eating  |
Särsö (a.k.a. Mignon, Cloetta)[25][81] |  | Sweden  | <1917  | Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 25 mm (0.98 in). Flesh is subacid, fair to good.  | Eating, cooking, jam  | Pick late September; use October–November
Saturn[6] |  | Kent, England  | 1980  | Parentage Falstaff x Cox Orange Pippin. Scab resistant. Flesh sweet.  | Eating  | PickE September. Use October - December.
Scarlet Cranberry[27] |  | Virginia, US  | <1865  | Flesh is crisp, juicy, astringent, subacid, fair to good.  | Eating  |
Scarlet Nonpareil(fr. Non-pareille Écarlate)[12][14][34] |  | Surrey, England  | 1773  | A very excellent dessert apple of first-rate quality. AM from RHS in 1901. Flesh is pale yellow, sweet, firm, good. Width 57 mm (2.2 in), height 52 mm (2.0 in).  | Eating  | Use January–March
Scarlet O'Hara[221] |  | New Jersey, US  | Cross made 1971, selected 1978, introduced 2000.  | A yellow apple with red flush. Diameter 70–76 mm (2.8–3.0 in). Stalk 28–33 mm (1.1–1.3 in). Flesh is yellow, firm, very crisp, subacid.  | Eating  | Pick one week beforde Delicious.
Scarlet Pearmain(de. Scharlachrote Parmäne, fr. Écarlate d'été, ru. Parmen krasnîi, Șafran krasnîi.)[12][14][40][13][17] |  | Middlesex, England  | c. 1800 | A dessert apple of first rate quality. The tree is a free and vigorous grower. Flesh is yellow, tender. Width 60–65 mm (2.4–2.6 in), height 54–60 mm (2.1–2.4 in). Weight 95-100 gram. Cells obovate, axile.  | Eating  | Use October–January
Scarlet Pippin[27] |  | Ontario  | <1895  | Stalk short. Flesh is white, juicy, subacid.  | Eating  | Use September–October
Scarlet Staymared[11] |  | Washington, US  | Introduced 1936  | A red apple.  | Cooking  |
Scarlet Tiffing[13] |  | England  | <1875  | A valuable and excellent culinary apple. Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in).  | Cooking  | Use November–December
Schellinkhout[16] |  | Netherlands  | 1885  | A yellow conical apple with red stripes (0–20%). Width 81 mm (3.2 in), height 72 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 18 mm (0.71 in).  | Eating  | Use October–November
Schmidberger[34] |  | Austria  | <1873  | Width 70 mm, height 60 mm. Stalk 16 mm. Flesh white, firm, aromatic, subacid.  | Eating, Juice  | Use December - March
Schoolmaster[13][14] |  | Lincolnshire, England  | 1855, introduced 1882  | A fine cooking apple. FCC from RHS in 1880. Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk is very short. Cells obovate, axile. P Golden Noble x Dumelow. Flesh is white, crisp, acid.  | Cooking  | PickE mid-October. Use November –January.
Scrumptious agm[222] |  | Kent, England  | 2003  | Sweet and crisp. Self-fertile, mid-season variety that ripens in early September and will store well for about a month. The blossom is frost hardy resulting in heavy crops and the tree can be grown in all areas of the UK. The flesh is crisp and aromatic, and the thin skin turns a deep red as it develops.  | Eating  |
Scweizer Orange[4][8] |  | Switzerland  | Raised 1935, introduced 1954  | A green-yellow apple with red orange flush. Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 50 mm (2.0 in), weight 105 g (3.7 oz). Cold storage 2oC 150 days.  | Eating, cooking  | PickE mid-October.
Secor[11] |  | Iowa, US  | Introduced 1922  | P Salome x Jonathan. Free from Jonathan spot in storage.  | Eating  | Use January–April
SeeandO Red Rome 262[11] |  | Washington, US  | Introduced 1943  | Mutation of Rome Beauty.  | Eating  |
Seneca Favorite[27] |  | US  | <1853  | Stalk is long to medium. Flesh is crisp, tender juicy, subacid, very good.  | Eating, cooking.  | Pick September. Use September–December.
September Beauty[6][14] |  | Bedfordshire, England  | 1885  | Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in). FCC from RHS in 1885. A yellowish-green apple, striped with orange. Flesh is yellow, tender. Skin is slightly russetted.  | Eating  | Pick mid-September. Use September–November.
Serinka[34] |  | Lithuania  | <1852  | Width 68 mm, height 58 mm. Stalk 12 mm. Flesh aromatic, subacid.  | Eating  | Pick September. Use September.
Shackleford[27] |  | Missouri, US  | <1883  | Width 83 mm (3.3 in), height 69 mm (2.7 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Flesh is firm, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, fair to good.  | Eating  | Use November–April
Shampion (see Champion)
Sharp[27] |  | Illinois, US  | <1889  | Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 48 mm (1.9 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). Flesh is tender, crisp juicy, sweet, very good.  | Eating  | Use October–November
Sharon[11] |  | Iowa, US  | Introduced 1922  | A red striped fruit. P McIntosh x Longfield. Tree is vigorous, productive, hardy.  | Eating  |
Shinano Sweet  |  | Nagano, Japan  | 1978  | Mid-season crops. Tsugaru x Fuji | Eating  |
Shiawasse (a.k.a. Shiawasse Beauty)[10][27] |  | Michigan, US  | Introduced 1862  | Width 81 mm (3.2 in), height 54 mm (2.1 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). Flesh is white, subacid, aromatic.  | Eating  | Use October–January
Shockley[9][34] |  | Jackson County, Georgia, United States  | 1852  | Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 59 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 22 mm (0.87 in). Yellowish and green skin with reddish stripes. Flesh is crisp, juicy, sweet taste with vinous flavour. Tree moderately vigorous.  | Eating, preserves  | Use February–May
Shoesmith[7] |  | Surrey, England  | <1930  | P Lane's Prince Albert x Golden Noble. Width 93 mm (3.7 in), height 76 mm (3.0 in). Stalk is medium to long. Flesh is white, soft, juicy, subacid.  | Cooking  | Pick late September. Use September–December.
Shotwell Delicious[11] |  | Washington, US  | 1928  | Mutation of Delicious  | Eating  |
Siely's Mignonne[13] |  | England  | c. 1800 | Yellow covered with russet. Width 45 mm (1.8 in), height 45 mm (1.8 in). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in). Flesh is greenish yellow. Juice is highly aromatic and of most excellent flavour.  | Eating, juice  | Use November–February
Signe Tillisch(cs. Signe Tillisch, de. Signe Tillisch, fr. Signe Tillisch, ru. Sini Tilliş)[4][16][17][8] |  | Denmark  | 1866  | A yellow apple with red flush. Width 70–90 mm (2.8–3.5 in), height 55–80 mm (2.2–3.1 in), weight 95–200 g (3.4–7.1 oz). Parentage Alexander x London Pippin. Cold Storage 1oC 60 days. VitC 7.  | Eating, cooking  | Use September–October
Sirius  |  | Czech Republic  | 2007  | Flesh is yellow, firm, crisp, finely-grained, very juicy, well balanced sugar and acid level, with a rich flavour  | Eating  |
Sir John Thornycroft[53] |  | United Kingdom  | <1911  | Above medium size, shing[clarification needed] yellow with pinkish red flush on sunny side. AGM from RHS in 1911.  | Eating  | Use October–March
Sir Prize (a.k.a. Co-op 5)[193][223][4] |  | US  | First fruited 1961, Introduced 1975  | A yellow apple with a waxy finish. Width 76–83 mm (3.0–3.3 in), height 76–83 mm (3.0–3.3 in). Flesh is yellow to white, tender, juicy, subacid.  | Eating  | Pick55 September 20. PickG early October. Use October–December.
Sir William Gibbon's[13] |  | England  | <1880  | A calville-shaped excellent culinary apple. Width 96 mm (3.8 in), height 76 mm (3.0 in). Stalk is very short.  | Cooking  | Use November–January
Sitchamton Russet[13] |  | England  | <1876  | A dessert apple of good quality. Skin covered with grey russet. Width 60 mm (2.4 in), height 51 mm (2.0 in). Stalk is short and stout. Flesh is yellowish, juicy, aromatic flavour.  | Eating  | Use December–February
Sköldinge[25] |  | Sweden  | c. 1800 | Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 61 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Flesh is juicy, sweet, subacid, good.  | Eating  | Pick early October. Use November–January.
Slack-Ma-Girdle  |  | Devonshire, England  | <1880  | Yellow streaked with red. Width 62 mm (2.4 in), height 47 mm (1.9 in). Stalk is very short.  | Cider  | Pick mid-October. Use October–December.
Slastica[19] |  | Croatia  |  | Yellow with red flush. Width 50–60 mm (2.0–2.4 in), height 40–60 mm (1.6–2.4 in), weight 70–100 g (2.5–3.5 oz). Short is stalk. Flesh is yellowish to white, firm, juicy, sweet. Disease resistant. Biennial.  | Eating, cooking, cider, drying  | Pick mid-October
Slatka šarenika (a.k.a. Šarenika)[19] |  | Montenegro  |  | Green with red flush. Width 71 mm (2.8 in), height 59 mm (2.3 in). Weight 149 g (5.3 oz). Stalk is medium-length. Flesh is juicy, sweet, aromatic.  | Eating, cooking  | Pick mid-October. Use November–May.
Slatka srčika (a.k.a. Srčika)[19] |  | Croatia  |  | A yellow apple with red flush. Width 65–75 mm (2.6–3.0 in), height 50–60 mm (2.0–2.4 in). Weight 100–150 g (3.5–5.3 oz). Stalk is short. Flesh is juicy, sweet, subacid.  | Eating, cooking, cider, drying.  | Pick mid-October
Sleeping Beauty[12] |  | Lincolnshire, England  | 1851  | Medium-sized. A most excellent apple for all culinary purposes, and particularly for sauce.  | Cooking  | Use November–February
Slor[18] |  | Israel  | Introduced 1982  | Large conic, dark red stripes. Flesh is sweet, subacid.  | Eating  |
Small's Admirable[14][12][13][34] |  | Lincolnshire or Buckinghamshire, England  | c. 1850 | Width 72 mm, height 58 mm. Stalk 20 mm. An excellent kitchen and dessert apple. Cells obovate, axile. Flesh is white, firm, crisp, juicy, subacid.  | Cooking, eating  | PickE mid-October. Use November–December.
Smaragd[131] |  | Novi Sad, Serbia  | Cross made 1992, selected 1999.  | A green apple with no overcolor. P Granny Smith x McIntosh Wijcik. Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in). Weight 175 g (6.2 oz). Stalk 21 mm (0.83 in). Flesh is fine, crisp, juicy. SS 11.6, TA 1.03  |  |
Smart's Prince Arthur[7] |  | Kent, England  | <1883  | A yellow apple with purplish red stripes (50–100%). Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 77 mm (3.0 in). Flesh is pale yellow, firm, dry, subacid.  | Cooking  | Pick late September–early October. Use November–April.
Smith's (a.k.a. Smith's cider, fr. Popular Bluff)[10][9][27][34] |  | Pennsylvania, US  | <1825  | Width 70–83 mm (2.8–3.3 in), height 60–76 mm (2.4–3.0 in). Stalk 10–20 mm (0.39–0.79 in). Tree is very vigorous. Flesh is white, tender, juicy, crisp, subacid, good.  | Cooking, cider  | Use December–March
Smokehouse[9][27][26][34] |  | Mill Creek, Pennsylvania, US  | 1837  | Width 82–88 mm (3.2–3.5 in), height 64–68 mm (2.5–2.7 in). Stalk 19–23 mm (0.75–0.91 in). Greenish-yellow with flushed red-orange stripes. The yellowish-white flesh is crisp and tender with a spicy-sweet flavour that tastes like cider. Excellent all-purpose apple. Unusual in that it also makes excellent cider. Seedling discovered growing next to the smokehouse on William Gibbons' farm in Mill Creek, PA. Bears fruit from young age. Tree moderately vigorous.  | Eating, cooking, cider  | Pick45 September 10. Use September–February.
Snow apple see Fameuse
Snövit[25] |  | Sweden  | 1936  | Yellow with red flush. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). P Stenbock x Pfirsichroter Sommerapfel.  | Eating  | Pick September. Use September.
Södermanlands kalvill[81][224][25] |  | Sweden  | <1850  | Width 70–100 mm (2.8–3.9 in), height 61–86 mm (2.4–3.4 in). Stalk 17–18 mm (0.67–0.71 in). Flesh is juicy, aromatic, good.  | Eating  | Use October–December
Södermanlands äpple[81][224][25] |  | Sweden  | <1800  | Width 65–83 mm (2.6–3.3 in), height 65–79 mm (2.6–3.1 in). Stalk 19–28 mm (0.75–1.10 in). Flesh is juicy, subacid, good.  | Eating  | Use September–December
Somerset[27] |  | US  | <1869  | Tree is an early bearer. Flesh is white, juicy, aromatic, very good.  | Eating  | Use September–October
Sonya |  | New Zealand  | 2000  | Cross between a Red Delicious and Gala. Coppery coloration. Crisp.  | Eating  |
Sops-in-Wine 1[14][12][219] |  | Cornwall or Devonshire, England  | <1688  | Width 64–70 mm (2.5–2.8 in), height 53–70 mm (2.1–2.8 in). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in). Strong ribbing. Tree is vigorous. Flesh is white-pinkish, tender, sweet.  | Cooking, cider  | Pick mid-October. Use October–February
Sops of Wine (a.k.a. Sops-in-wine 2)[9][10][27] |  | US or UK  | <1850  | Flesh is yellow tinged with red. Juicy, subacid, good to very good. Width 71 mm (2.8 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 22 mm (0.87 in). Tree is vigorous, very hardy, an excellent bearer and not subject to canker.  | Eating  | Pick August. Use August–September.
Sowman's Seedling[30] |  | Lancashire, England  | Raised 1914. Introduced 1927  | A large green apple. P Grenadier x Bismark. Very susceptible to Bitter Pit.  | Cooking  | Use August–September
Sparreholm[25] |  | Sweden  | 1868  | Width 77 mm (3.0 in), height 77 mm (3.0 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in).  | Eating  | Pick September. Use September.
Spartan[31][7][8] |  | British Columbia, Canada  | Cross made 1926. Selected and introduced 1936.  | Round-conical, yellow, 75–100% flushed crimson. Strong aroma. Prone to canker. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 56–58 mm (2.2–2.3 in). Stalk 15–20 mm (0.59–0.79 in). Good all-purpose, medium-sized apple. Has a bright red blush and may have background patches of greens and yellows. Popular across border in United States as well. Cold storage 1oC 120 days.  | Cooking, eating, cider  | Pick45 September 16. Pick55 September 1. PickE early October. Use November–February.
Spencer[7][225] |  | Summerland, British Columbia, Canada  | Cross made 1926, selected 1938, introduced 1959  | A yellow apple with red flush (50–75%). Width 71 mm (2.8 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in). Stalk is long. Flesh is creamy white, firm, crisp, juicy, sweet. Parentage: McIntosh x Golden Delicious.  | Eating  | PickE mid- to late October. Use October–January.
Spigold[7] |  | Geneva, New York, US  |  | A greenish yellow apple with purplish red flush (25–50%). Width 79 mm (3.1 in), height 72 mm (2.8 in). Stalk is long. Flesh is creamy white, juicy, sweet. TRI  | Eating  | PickE mid-October. Use November–February.
Splendour/Splendor |  | New Zealand  | 1948  | Descendant of Red Dougherty x Golden Delicious, ancestor of Pacific Rose and Aurora Golden Gala | Eating  |
Stanard (a.k.a. Stannard)[10] |  | New York, US  | <1850  | Width 88 mm (3.5 in), height 72 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 14 mm (0.55 in). Flesh is yellowish-white, tender, very juicy, acid to subacid. Very good. Superior for cooking.  | Eating, Cooking  | Use November–February
Star[9] |  | New York, US ?  | <1850  | A roundish oblate apple, splashed with crimson. Stalk short. Flesh, white, subacid.Good.  | Eating  | Use November
Stäringe Karin[81] |  | Sweden  | <1902  | Width 77 mm (3.0 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). A green apple with red flush. Flesh is juicy, subacid, good.  | Eating  | Pick late September
Star of Devon[7][14] |  | Devonshire, England  | Introduced 1905  | Oblong-shaped yellow apple with red stripes. AM from RHS in 1905. Flesh is white, soft, poor. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 48 mm (1.9 in).  | Eating  | PickE early October. Use October–April.
Stark[27][26] |  | Possibly Ohio, US  | <1867  | Width 92 mm (3.6 in), height 84 mm (3.3 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Tree is vigorous, hardy, healthy. Flesh is yellow, firm, fine, tender, juicy, mild subacid, fair to good.  | Eating, cooking  | Use November–April
Stark Earliest[11][31][7][8] |  | Idaho, US  | 1938\. Introduced 1944.  | Width 57–63 mm (2.2–2.5 in), height 45–60 mm (1.8–2.4 in). Stalk 18 mm (0.71 in). Does nicely in fruit salads. Red striping on light background. Cold storage 4oC 20 days.  | Eating  | PickE early August. Use August–September.
Starkey[27] |  | Maine, US  | <1875  | Stalk is medium-length. Flesh is white, juicy, crisp, subacid, very good.  | Eating  | Use October–January
Starr[9] |  | New Jersey, US  | <1870  | Flesh is whitish, subacid. Good. Stalk is slender.  | Cooking  | Use July–September
Starking[11] (a.k.a. Starking Delicious, Double Red Delicious) (ru. Prevoshodnoe dvoinoe)[32][17] |  | Monroeville, New Jersey, USA  | 1921\. Introduced 1924  | A red mutation of Delicious. Width 60–80 mm (2.4–3.1 in), height 60–80 mm (2.4–3.1 in). Flesh is juicy, sweet. VitC 13. Density 0.82  | Eating  | Use December–March
Starkspur Golden Delicious[88] |  | Yakima, Washington, US  | Discovered 1959, introduced 1961  | Mutation of Golden Delicious  | Eating
Stayman[26][27][127][8] |  | US  | 1866  | Dullish red skin often covered with a light russet. Width 78 mm (3.1 in), height 76 mm (3.0 in). Tart, wine-like flavour. Flesh is yellow, firm, coarse, tender, juicy, mild subacid, aromatic, good to very good. Stores well. Particularly known for tangy cider. Cold storage 1oC 150 days. DBH 166–175.  | Cider, cooking, eating  | Pick45 October 7. Pick55 September 25. Use January–May. DBH 167.
Staymanred[11] |  | Virginia, US  | Discovered 1926. Introduced 1929  | A red apple. Mutation of Stayman Winesap.  |  |
Stenkyrke[25] |  | Sweden  | c. 1750 | A yellow conical apple. Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Flesh is juicy, subacid, very good.  | Eating  | Use November–January
Sterappel (see Reinette Rouge Etoilee)
Stina Lohmann[32] |  | Kellinghusen, Holstein, Germany  | c. 1800 | A yellow apple striped with red. Width 65–80 mm (2.6–3.1 in), height 50–65 mm (2.0–2.6 in). C 17. Flesh is yellow-white, crisp, juicy, subacid. C 17.  | Eating, cooking  | Use January–May
Stirling[11] |  | British Columbia, Canada.  | Introduced 1936  | P Yellow Newtown x unknown. Flesh is crisp, juicy. Short storage life.  | Eating  |
Stirling Castle[7][14][12][31][13] |  | Stirlingshire, Scotland  | <1831  | Width 67–76 mm (2.6–3.0 in), height 54–60 mm (2.1–2.4 in). Stalk 18 mm (0.71 in). Cells wide open obovate, abaxile. Medium size, round, flattish, even apple. Flesh is white, juicy, acid very soft. Old trees canker badly.  | Cooking  | PickE mid-September. Use September–December.
Stoke Edith Pippin[12] |  | Herefordshire, England  | 1872  | An excellent dessert apple. Flesh is yellow firm, crisp, brisk and juicy, sweet, and with a perfumed flavour. Width 50 mm (2.0 in), height 50 mm (2.0 in).  | Eating  | Use November–February
Stolovača[19] |  | Serbia  | <1900  | A green apple. Width 65–75 mm (2.6–3.0 in), height 45–55 mm (1.8–2.2 in). Weight 155–185 g (5.5–6.5 oz). Stalk is short. Flesh is white, subacid.  | Eating, cooking  | Pick late September–early October
Stonetosh[53] |  | Canada  | Introduced 1922  | P Stone x McIntosh. Fleshbis soft, juicy, sweet, white. Triploid.  | Eating  | Pick early October. Use October–February.
Strand Winesap see Red Winesap
Streifling Herbst |  | Netherlands or Western Europe  |  | Sour-sweet flavor. Popular in Eastern Europe  | Eating, juice, jam, compote, drying  |
Striped Beefing[12][28][7][13] |  | Norfolk, England  | Found 1794, introduced 1847.  | One of the best culinary apples; for baking it is unrivalled. Width 90 mm (3.5 in), height 72 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). Cells obovate, axile or abaxile.  | Baking  | PickE early October. Use November–February.
Strode's Birmingham (a.k.a. Strode's)[9] |  | Pennsylvania, US  | <1875  | A small yellow apple. Flesh is yellow, juicy, subacid. Good to very good. Tree vigorous.  | Eating  | Use September.
Sturmer Pippin[7][31][40][12][13][34] |  | Sturmer, Haverhill, Suffolk, England  | <1831  | A bright greenish-yellow apple with a reddish-brown blush, often on one face only. Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 12–25 mm (0.47–0.98 in). Cells obovate, axile, closed. Flesh white, crisp, juicy, subacid, aromatic. One of the best English keeping apples, with proper storage Sturmer Pippin lasts 4 to 5 months. Flavour is sprightly, more sharp than sweet when first picked, but improves dramatically in storage, becoming sweeter and richer, while maintaining its crisp texture. This keeping ability made it ideal for long journeys, as such, it was brought to Australia where it is still widely grown. Parent of Granny Smith.  | Eating  | Pick mid-October. Use January–April.
Sugar Loaf Pippin[33][13] |  |  |  | A green conical apple. Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 85 mm (3.3 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). Cells elliptical, abaxile.  |  | Pick early August.
Suislepper[24] |  | Estonia  | <1870  | Flesh soft and aromatic. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). VitC 22.  | Eating  | Pick September. Use September.
Šumatovka (a.k.a. Popadija)[19] |  | Serbia  | <1900  | A yellow apple with red flush. Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in). Weight 117 g (4.1 oz). Stalk 23 mm (0.91 in). Flesh white, firm, crisp, sweet, subacid. Tree extremely vigorous.  | Eating, cooking  | Pick October. Use November–January.
Summer Bellflower[27] |  | New York, US  | <1848  | Flesh tender, subacid, good. P Esopus Spitzenburg x unknown.  | Eating  |
Summerfree |  | Italy  | 1998  | Resistant to scab. Spreading habit with moderate vigour, fruit is large, average weight of 175 g (6.2 oz), skin is smooth, ripens 1–2 days before Gala, good storage ability.  | Eating  |
Summer Golden Pippin[12][13] |  | England  | <1800  | A small apple, ripe in the end of August. Richer flavour than Yellow Ingestrie. Width 51 mm (2.0 in), height 54 mm (2.1 in). Cells obovate, axile, closed. Flesh yellowish, firm, very juicy, vinous and sugary flavour. The tree is a small grower. It is an early and abundant bearer.  | Eating  | PickE late august. Use within two weeks.
Summer Pearmain see Autumn Pearmain.
Summer Pearmain American (a.k.a. Early Summer Pearmain, American Summer Pearmain, Early Summer Pearmain)[57][71][58] |  | US  | <1817  | Greenish yellow with red overcolour. Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in). Stalk 23 mm (0.91 in). Flesh yellowish, juicy, aromatic, mild, subacid.  | Eating  | Use August–September.
Summer Pippin[9] |  | Unknown origin, US, probably New York.  | <1800  | Flesh white, tender, moderately juicy, subacid. Width 78 mm (3.1 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk variable. Cavity deep.  | Cooking  | Pick mid August. Use August–September.
Summer Pound Royal (a.k.a. Pound Royale, Orange)[9] |  | Unknown origin, US  | <1800  | Flesh white, fine-grained tender, juicy, subacid. Width 85 mm (3.3 in), height 71 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Tree is a strong grower. Once a profitable market variety.  | Eating  | Use August–September.
Summer Queen[10][58] |  | US  | <1806  | Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 33 mm (1.3 in). Cavity deep. Flesh yellow, acid, spicy, aromatic.  | Cooking  | Use July–August.
Summer Rambo (see Rambour Franc)
Summerred[7][25][4][8] |  | British Columbia, Canada  | 1964, introduced 1974.  | Red apple. Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). P (McIntosh x Golden Delicious) x unknown. Flesh is yellow to white, soft, juicy, subacid. Cold storage 1oC 60 days.  | Eating  | Pick early September, PickG late August–early September. Use September–October.
Summer Rose[10][58] |  | New Jersey  | <1806  | A small apple. One of the best early apples. Flesh white, juicy, subacid.  | Cooking, eating  | Use June–August.
Summerset[84] |  | Ohio, US  | 2001, patented 2018  | Parentage Honeycrisp x Fuji. Flesh crisp, firm, juicy. Susceptible to scab and powdery mildew.
Summer Spitzenburg[27] |  | New York, US  | <1872  | Flesh is juicy, aromatic, good to very good. Biennial.  | Eating  | Pick August. Use August–September.
Suncrisp[197][226] |  | N.J. US  | Selected 1971, introduced 1992  | Width 79 mm, height 73 mm. Parentage Golden Delicious x (Cortland x Cox Orange Pippin). Overcolor 28%. Flesh cream-colored, firm, crisp, juicy, subacid, aromatic.  | Eating  | Pick 11 days after Golden Delicious.
Sundance[227] |  | US  | Cross made 1964, selected 1972, introduced 2004.  | A greenish-yellow apple. Width 77 mm (3.0 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in). Stalk 18 mm (0.71 in). P Golden Delicious x (Winter Banana x PRI 2–19). SS 12.4%, TA 0.44%.  | Eating, juice  | Pick 10–17 October. Use November–April.
Sunrise[197][226] |  | Summerland B.C. Canada  | Introduced 1991  | Width 75 mm, height 67 mm. A late summer apple. Flesh firm, crisp, juicy, sweet.  | PickE late August. Use August - September.
Sunset[31][7]agm[228][8] |  | England  | Raised 1918, named 1933  | Easy to grow. Width 61–63 mm (2.4–2.5 in), height 51–54 mm (2.0–2.1 in). Stalk 15–22 mm (0.59–0.87 in). Has very similar flavour to Cox's Orange Pippin. Does not so well in heat. Cold storage 3oC 150 days.  | Eating  | Pick late September. Use October–December.
Suntan[31][7] [229][43] |  | Kent, England  | Raised 1955, introduced 1974  | Fruits ripen orange-red, Flesh sharp and aromatic. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 54–56 mm (2.1–2.2 in). Stalk 15–20 mm (0.59–0.79 in). Tree vigorous. TRI  | Eating  | Pick mid-October. Use November–January.
Superior[11] |  | Michigan, US  | Introduced 1930  | P Duchess x Wealthy.  | Eating  | Use–December.
Surprise[9] |  | Possibly the US  |  | A small apple. Flesh stained with red.  | Eating  | Use November–January.
Sutton Beauty[9] |  | Sutton, Massachusetts  | c. 1757 | Flesh is whitish, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid.  | Eating  | Use November–February.
Swaar (a.k.a. Hardwick)[9][27][26][6][34] |  | New York, US  | <1804  | Width 78 mm (3.1 in), height 61 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 19–26 mm (0.75–1.02 in). Flesh is yellowish, tender, aromatic, spicy, very good to best. Once one of the finest flavored apples in America. The trees bear fair crops.  | Eating  | PickE early October. Use October–March.
SweeTango (a.k.a. Minneiska)[125] |  | Minnesota, US  | Selected 1987. Introduced 2009.  | A yellow to green apple with red overcolor (70–95%). Width 70–80 mm (2.8–3.1 in). Flesh is creamy white, crisp, juicy. subacid. Viewed as a successor to the Honeycrisp by many growers.[who?] | Eating  | Pick 3–10 days before Gala.
Sweet Bough (a.k.a. Early Bough, Large Yellow Bough)[57][26][58] |  | US  | <1806  | One of the finest summer apples, greenish-yellow. Flesh is white, juicy, slightly aromatic, good to very good. AC s.  | Eating  | Use August–September.
Sweet Delicious[11] |  | Geneva, New York, US  | Introduced 1922  | P Deacon Jones x Delicious. DBH 156.  | Eating, baking  | Pick50 October 3. PickE early October. Use November–January.
Sweet McIntosh[11] |  | Geneva, New York, US  | Introduced 1922  | P Lawver x McIntosh.  | Eating, baking  |
Sweet Pippin[9] |  | US  | <1830  | Stalk short. Flesh is firm, moderately juicy, sweet. Good. Tree productive.  | Eating  | Use November–December
Sweet Pippin (see Moore Sweet)
Sweet Pippin (see Hog Island Sweet)
Sweet Rambo[9] |  | Pennsylvania, US ?  | Flesh whitish, juicy. Good to very good. Tree vigorous, not an early bearer.  | Eating  | Use October–December.
Sweet Romanite[10][9] |  | US  | <1850  | Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 61 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Flesh is yellow, juicy, very sweet. Good to very good. Tree hardy, moderate bearer.  | Baking, cider, eating  | Use December–April.
Sweet Russet[10][9] |  | US  | <1850  | Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in). Stalk slender, 11 mm (0.43 in). Flesh is yellow, tender, juicy, sweet. Tree moderately vigorous.  | Baking  | Use August.
Sweet Russet (see Pumpkin Russet)
Sweet Russet (see Cheeseboro)
Sweet Sixteen[153][43] |  | Minnesota, US  | Cross made 1937, selected 1950, introduced 1973.  | Large fruit, some russeting near top. Diameter 69–89 mm (2.7–3.5 in). Moderately acidic taste. P (Malinda x unknown) x Northern Spy. Tree is moderately vigorous. DBH 125–135.  | Eating  | Pick45 October 14.
Sweet Winesap (a.k.a. Hendrick Sweet)[26] |  | US  | <1854  | A medium to large sized apple. Flesh, white, firm, fine, crisp, tender, juicy, sweet. Good to very good.  | Eating  | Use November - March.
Sweet Zinger[84] |  | Ohio, US  | 2001  | Parentage Goldrush x Sweet 16. Resistant to fire blight and scab.  | Eating  | Pick early October in northeast Ohio.
Swiss Gourmet see Arlet
Switzer[27] |  | Russia  | <1870  | Flesh is white, juicy, subacid, good. Biennial.  | Cooking, eating  | Pick August. Use September–October.
Syke House Russet(fr. Syke-House)[14][13][34] |  | Yorkshire, England[12] | 1780  | Width 65 mm, height 52 mm. Stalk 12 mm. Cells small, obovate, axile. Flesh yellowish, firm, crisp, juicy, subacid. One of the most excellent dessert apples. The tree is a free grower and an excellent bearer.  | Eating  | Use October–February

### T

[edit]

Common name  | Image  | Origin  | First developed  | Comment  | Use  | Pick/Use period

|
|
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|
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|

Talman's Sweet (see Tolman Sweet)
Talvikaneli (see Vinterkanel)
Talvikki[38] |  | Finland  | 2003  | A large green apple with red flush. P Lobo x Yläkautto.  | Cooking, eating  | Pick mid-October.
Tamplin (a.k.a. Cissy)[14] |  | Monmoutshire, Wales  | <1800  | Crimson red with dark broken stripes. AM from RHS in 1902. Flesh is yellowish, poor.  | Eating  | PickE early September. Use September.
Taunton Cross[6] |  | Bristol, England  | 1919  | Parentage Wealthy x ? Flesh white, soft, subacid. Tree vigorous.  | Eating  | PickE mid September. Use October - November.
Teser |  | United States  | 1944  | Resistant to scab.  | Eating  |
Tart Bough (a.k.a. Sour Bough)[9] |  | US  | <1830  | Flesh is white, tender, juicy, subacid.  |  | Use August.
Tart Bough (see Early Harvest)
Tart Bough (see Champlain)
Telamon (a.k.a. Waltz)[43] |  | Kent, England  | Raised 1976. Introduced 1989  | Flesh: sweet, crisp, juicy. Parentage McIntosh Wijcik x Golden Delicious.  | Eating  | PickE early October
Telstar[7] |  | New Zealand  | 1934  | P Golden Delicious x Kidds Orange Red. Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Stalk is long. Flesh is white, crisp, juicy, sweet.  | Eating  | Pick mid-October. Use November–December.
Tetofski[10][26] |  | Russia  | <1831  | A small apple. Flesh is yellowish-white, firm, coarse, tender, aromatic juicy, subacid, fair to good.  | Cooking  | Use June–July
Tewkesbury (a.k.a. Tewkesbury Winter Blush)[9] |  | New Jersey, US  | <1850  | Width 60 mm (2.4 in), height 45 mm (1.8 in). Stalk 11 mm (0.43 in). Flesh is yellow, subacid.  | Eating  | Use January–July.
Thomas Rivers (a.k.a. River's Codlin)[14][53] |  | Hertfordshire, England  | <1892  | Round, conical, pale yellow with slight brownish flush, flesh crisp, yellowish, acid cooks extremely well. P Mother x Dumelow. First Class Certificate from RHS in 1892. Width and height 64 mm (2.5 in). Raised by Rivers Nursery.  | Cooking  | PickE early–mid-September. Use September–October.
Thompson[27] |  | Iowa, US  | <1892  | Flesh is white, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, fair to good. Stalk is medium-length.  | Eating  | Use October–December.
Thorle Pippin (see Whorle Pippin)
Tiganka (a.k.a. Tiganka Alaia)[19] |  | Moldova  | <1900  | A red apple. Width 73–82 mm (2.9–3.2 in), height 70–75 mm (2.8–3.0 in). Weight 80–115 g (2.8–4.1 oz). Stalk short. Flesh is juicy, subacid.  | Cooking, eating  | Pick mid-September. Use October–November.
Tiganka Grie[19] |  | Moldova  | <1900  | A green apple with red flush. Width 70–85 mm (2.8–3.3 in), height 70–85 mm (2.8–3.3 in), weight 85–125 g (3.0–4.4 oz). Stalk medium to long. Flesh is juicy, subacid.  | Cooking, eating  |
Tinmoth[27] |  | Vermont, US  | >1857  | Flesh is tender, juicy, subacid, peculiar flavor, good. Tree is very productive.  | Eating  | Use October–December.
Titovka (a.k.a. Titus Apple)[27][26] |  | Russia  | <1870  | Flesh is white, juicy, subacid, good to very good. Tree is vigorous.  | Cooking  | Use August–September.
Titus Pippin[9] |  | Long Island, US  | <1870  | Flesh is whitish yellow, juicy, tender, subacid. Good. Tree is productive.  | Eating  | Use December–February.
Tobias[38] |  | Finland  | Introduced 2003  | A red conical apple. P Lobo x Huvitus.  | Cooking, eating  | Pick early October.
Tolman Sweet (a.k.a. Talman's Sweet)[10][26][27] |  | US  | 1822  | Very sweet apple. Width 79 mm (3.1 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 27 mm (1.1 in). Once used to make dried fruit for winter. Flesh white, firm, dry, sweet, good to very good.  | Cider, cooking  | Use October–March.
Tom Putt[31][7][13] |  | Trent, Dorset, England  | <1800  | Small to medium, flat and irregularly shaped apple. Green, usually covered entirely with a bright red blush. Width 65–78 mm (2.6–3.1 in), height 55–63 mm (2.2–2.5 in). Cells ovate, axile, open. Crisp, sharp flavour. An excellent cooker and ideal single-variety cider apple. Softens during storage. Tree is vigorous and precocious. Scab-resistant. Seedling found by a Rev. Tom Putt of Trent, Somerset, England in the late 1700s. Triploid.  | Cider, cooking  | PickE early September. Use September–November.
Tompkins King (or King)[27][26] |  | United States  | Possibly 1804  | Extremely large apple, and of excellent quality both as a dessert fruit and for cooking. The fruit shape is uniform and the skin mostly red with some yellow stripes. The flesh is yellowish and crisp. The fruit does not keep as well as some other apple cultivars.  | Eating  |
Topaz[21] |  | Czech Republic  | 1990  | Parentage: Rubin × Vanda, scab-resistant, sharp flavour.  | Cider, cooking, eating  | Pick one week after Golden Delicious.
Tower of Glammis(fr. Tour de Glammis)[12][31][13][34] |  | Angus, Scotland.  | <1800  | A first rate culinary apple, once very popular in Lanarkshire. Greenish in colour, with some russeting near the stalk considered normal.[230] Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 12–15 mm (0.47–0.59 in). Cells roundish obovate, abaxile. Triploid.  | Cooking.  | Pick late October. Use November–February.
Townsend[9] |  | Pennsylvania, US  | <1785  | Stalk is long. Flesh is white, tender, subacid, good to very good. Tree is healthy, vigorous. Good to very good.  | Eating  | Pick late August.
Traders Fancy[10] |  | Pennsylvania, US  | <1840  | Flesh is white, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, good to very good. Tree is vigorous.  | Cooking  | Use January–May.
Trajan[53][231] |  | Kent, England  | Introduced 1989  | Parentage Wijcik McIntosh x Golden Delicious. Dark red. Flesh is crisp, juicy, sweet. Pick September. Biennial bearing.  | Eating  | Use September–October.
Trenton Early[10][9] |  | New Jersey, USA  | Introduced 1852  | Flesh is white, tender, juicy, subacid. Tree moderately vigorous, quite productive.  | Cooking, eating  | Use August–September.
Trogsta[25][29] |  | Sweden  | <1900  | Width 59–71 mm (2.3–2.8 in), height 50–59 mm (2.0–2.3 in). Stalk 9 mm (0.35 in). Flesh is juicy, good.  | Eating  | Pick September.
Tropical Beauty[18] |  | South Africa  | c. 1930 | P unknown. Flesh is soft, poor.  | Eating  | PickE early October. Use November–January.
Tropic Sweet[18] |  | Florida  | Introduced 1996  | P polycross from Jerseymac x Anna selections. Width 70 mm (2.8 in). One of a handful of apple varieties that will grow in Florida; will not do well in cold weather at all.  | Eating  |
Trumbull Sweet (a.k.a. Fenton Sweet)[10] |  | Ohio, US  | <1850  | Flesh is white, juicy, sweet. Tree is vigorous, productive, early bearer.  | Baking  | Use September–October
Tsáriskij schip[38] |  | Estonia  | <1880  | Medium size conical. Yellow with red stripes.  | Cooking, eating  | Pick September. Use September.
Tsugaru[43] |  | Aomori, Japan  | 1930  | A large apple. Parentage Golden Delicious × Jonathan Flesh firm, tender, mild, sweet, juicy, subacid.  | Eating  | Pick 3 week before Delicious
Tufts[27] |  | Wisconsin, US  | 1855  | Flesh is crisp, mild subacid, fair to good. Stalk is long.  | Eating  | Use October–December.
Tulpachoken see Fallawater
Tumanga (a.k.a. Auralia)[5][4] |  | Germany  | 1930  | A green apple with red flush. Width 66–80 mm (2.6–3.1 in), height 52 mm (2.0 in), weight 110–195 g (3.9–6.9 oz). Density 0.82  | Eating  | PickE late September. PickG mid–late October. Pickg September 23–October 15. Use November–February.
Turley[11] |  | Indiana, US  | Introduced 1922.  | P Winesap x unknown. Tree bears annually, very productive. DBH 162.  | Cooking  | Pick50 October 17.
Twenty Ounce[10][57][26][27] |  | New York  | <1844  | Huge: apple weighs nearly 500 g (1.1 lb). Green overlaid with broad red striping. Stalk is short, thick. Flesh is whitish-yellow, tender, juicy, subacid, good. Excellent cooker. Nice juice qualities.  | Cider, cooking, eating  | Use September–October. PickE early October.
Tydeman's Early Worcester[7][31] |  | England  | Raised 1929, introduced 1945  | Parentage: Mclntosh × Worcester Pearmain. Crimson over yellow background colour. Flesh is white, juicy, sweet with strong aroma. Width 60–69 mm (2.4–2.7 in), height 54–60 mm (2.1–2.4 in). Stalk 17–20 mm (0.67–0.79 in).  | Eating  | Pick50 August 22. PickE mid-August. Use August–mid-September.
Tydeman's Late Orange[7][31][232] |  | England  | Raised 1930, introduced 1949 or 1945  | Parentage: Laxton Superb x Cox Orange Pippin. Good storage qualities, but loses fragrance with age. Width 58–65 mm (2.3–2.6 in), height 55–60 mm (2.2–2.4 in). Stalk 15–25 mm (0.59–0.98 in). Sometimes cultivated in California; one of a handful of British apples that will thrive in the state.  | Eating  | PickE mid-October. Use December–April.
Tydeman's Michaelmas Red see Michaelmas Red.
Tyler's Kernel[14][13] |  | Herefordshire, England  | <1883  | A pale yellow apple. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 76 mm (3.0 in). Cells obovate, axile open or abaxile. FCC from RHS in 1883. Rather subject to canker.  | Cooking  | PickE mid-October. Use November–January.

### U

[edit]

Common name  | Image  | Origin  | First developed  | Comment  | Use  | Pick/Use period

|
|
|
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Undine[4][8] |  | Germany  | 1961  | Green with some orange overcolour. Width 77–80 mm (3.0–3.1 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in). Weight 180–230 g (6.3–8.1 oz). Stalk 20–30 mm (0.79–1.18 in). P Jonathan x unknown. Cold storage 2oC 180 days.  | Eating  | PickE mid-October. PickG late October. Use November–February.
Upton Pyne[7] |

| Devon, England  | Introduced 1910  | A yellow apple with little or no flush. Width 82 mm (3.2 in), height 77 mm (3.0 in). Flesh is creamy white, firm, juicy, fair.  | Cooking, eating  | PickE late September. Use December–March.
Utter[27] |  | Wisconsin, US  | 1855  | Flesh is crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, good. Tree is a regular grower, healthy, productive.  | Eating  | Use October–December.
Uttwiler Spätlauber |  | Switzerland  | 1750  |  | Eating  |

### V

[edit]

Common name  | Image  | Origin  | First developed  | Comment  | Use  | Pick/Use period

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|
|
|
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Valinhense[18] |  | Brazil  |  | P unknown. Very firm tart apple.  | Cooking  |
Valmore[11] |  | California, US  | Introduced 1934  | P unknown.  | Cooking  |
Vance Delicious[11] |  | Virginia, US  | Discovered 1930. Introduced 1935.  | Mutation of Delicious.  | Eating  |
Vanderspiegel[9] |  | Bennington, Vermont, US  | <1875  | Flesh is yellow, crisp, juicy, subacid. Tree is productive.  | Eating  | Use December–February.
Vandervere (a.k.a. Large Vandervere, Vandervere Pippin, Yellow Vandervere)[10] |  | US  | <1806  | Flesh is yellow, firm, juicy, acid. Tree is vigorous, productive, bearing annually.  | Cooking  | Use December.
Venus Pippin[14] |  | Devonshire, England  | c. 1800 | A pale yellow-green apple. AM from RHS in 1899. Flesh is tender, pale yellow, juicy.  | Cooking, eating  | PickE early August. Use September–October.
Verorja[19] |  | Albania  |  | A greenish yellow apple with red stripes. Width 50–60 mm (2.0–2.4 in), height 50–60 mm (2.0–2.4 in). Weight 100–120 g (3.5–4.2 oz). Flesh is crisp, juicy, subacid.  | Eating  | Pick late July–early August.
Vicking[53] |  | South Daktota, US  | Introduced 1925  | Flesh is brisk, soft, juicy.  | Eating  | Pick late August. Use August–September.
Victoria Sweet[26] |  | Possibly New York, US  | c. 1840 | A red apple. Tree is vigorous. Flesh is yellow, firm, tender, juicy, sweet, good to very good.  | Eating, cooking, baking  | Use October–January.
Victory 1[11] |  | Minnesota, US  | Introduced 1943  | Flesh is white, juicy, aromatic.  | Eating  | Use October 15–March 15.
Victory 2 (see George Carpenter)
Vidovdanka[19] |  | Serbia  | <1900  | A green apple with red flush covering 85%. Width 62 mm (2.4 in), height 62–74 mm (2.4–2.9 in). Weight 130 g (4.6 oz). Flesh is juicy, acid.  | Eating  | Pick August.
Vinterkanel (a.k.a. Talvikaneli)[38] |  | Finland  | Introduced 2003  | A red apple. P Lobo x Rödkanel.  | Cooking, eating  | Pick early October.
Violette[12] |  | France  | 1628  | A culinary apple of second-rate quality.  | Cooking  | PickE mid-September. Use October–March
Virginia Greening[10] |  | Virginia  | <1835  | Width 88 mm (3.5 in), height 65 mm (2.6 in). Flesh is white, subacid.  | Cooking  | Use January–April.
Virginischer Rosenapfel (cs. Letni panenske ruzové, Virginské ruźové, de. Virginischer Rosenapfel, fr. Rose de Virginie, pl. Rozanka wirgioniska sv. Vitgylling, Virginskt Rosenäpple)[24][25][28][17] |  | Europe  | <1800  | Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Flesh is sweet, subacid, fair to good.  | Cooking  | PickE late August. Use early September.
Vista Bella[190][4] |  | New Brunswick, New Jersey, US  | Cross made 1956, selected 1962, introduced 1974.  | A yellow-green apple with red flush. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Weight 100 g (3.5 oz). Stalk 20–25 mm (0.79–0.98 in). Flesh is creamy white, aromatic, crisp. P ((Melba x Sonora) x ((Williams x Starr) x USDA34)) x Julyred.  | Eating  | Ripens with Melba. PickE early August. PickG late August–mid-September
Vitgylling see Virginisher Rosenapfel
Von Zuccalmaglios Rennete(cs. Zukalmagliova reneta)[4][17][8] |  | Germany  | 1878  | Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 61 mm (2.4 in), weight 115 g (4.1 oz). Flesh is crisp, juicy, aromatic, subacid to sweet. Biennial. Cold storage 0oC 180 days. VitC 14. Density 0.78  | Eating, cooking  | PickE mid-October. Use November–March.
Vuokko[38] |  | Finland  | Introduced 1999  | A green apple. P Melba x Huvitus. Flesh is juicy, sweet, subacid.  | Cooking, eating  | Pick late August–early September.
Vusanka[19] |  | Montenegro  | <1900  | A greenish yellow apple with red flush. Width 72 mm (2.8 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Weight 132 g (4.7 oz). Stalk medium to long. Flesh is juicy, sweet.  | Eating, cider  | Pick early October. Use November–April.

### W

[edit]

Common name  | Image  | Origin  | First developed  | Comment  | Use  | Pick/Use period

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|
|
|
|
|

Wadhurst Pippin[14][12][13] |  | Sussex, England  | <1850  | A culinary apple of excellent quality. Cells ovate, axile, slit.  | Cooking, eating  | PickE early October. Use October to February.
Wagener(cs. Wagenerovo)[10][7][9][31][27][26][28] |  | New York, US  | 1791  | Antique American variety, known since Colonial times. Tree is hardy, early bearer, scab-resistant. Green with red flush. Flesh is yellowish, tender, subacid and vinous, very good to best. Width 70–88 mm (2.8–3.5 in), height 51–63 mm (2.0–2.5 in), stalk 13–26 mm (0.51–1.02 in). Keeps very well. Very versatile in kitchen; not only does it cook well, but makes a good single-variety cider. Wagener is a parent of Idared, to which it imparts its keeping and cooking qualities.  | Cider, cooking, eating  | PickE early October. Use November–February.
Wanstall[12][13] |  | Kent, England  | raised early 1800s  | A dessert apple of the first quality, equal in flavour to the Ribston Pippin and will keep until May. Cells obovate, axile. Flesh is yellow, firm crisp, juicy, rich, sugary, and highly flavoured.  | Eating  |
Warder[11] |  | Ohio, US  | Introduced 1937  | P Rome Beauty x unknown.  | Eating  | Pick October 1 in Ohio.
Warner's King[7][28] agm[233][31][13][28] |  | Kent, England  | c. 1700 | Oblong and light green. Very tart. Width 90–95 mm (3.5–3.7 in), height 62–76 mm (2.4–3.0 in). Stalk 15–20 mm (0.59–0.79 in). Cells roundish ovate, abaxile. Should be cooked before eating; not suitable as an uncooked eating apple. Triploid.  | Cooking  | PickE late September. Use November–February.
Washington Strawberry[7][9] |  | New York, US  | <1849  | Width 88 mm (3.5 in), height 75 mm (3.0 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Flesh is yellow, crisp, tender, juicy, brisk subacid.  | Eating  | PickE mid-September. Use September–October.
Washu 1984 |  | Japan  | c. 1920 | Conical with light green skin and dark freckles, with a firm, white, bruise-resistant flesh and a sweet, low-acid flavor with tropical undertones.  | Eating  |
Water[9] |  | Pennsylvania, US  | <1850  | Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Flesh is white, tender, juicy, subacid.  | Eating  | Use October–November.
Waterman Sweet[9] |  | US  | <1875  | Yellow with red flush. Flesh is yellow, juicy, sweet.  | Eating  | Use December–March.
Wealthy(ru. Plodorodnoe.)[7][31][26][32][16][17] |  | Excelsior, Minnesota, US  | <1860  |

Pretty reddish pink coat. Flesh is white, fine, crisp, tender, very juicy, subacid, aromatic, good to very good. Believed at one time Minnesota was too cold to grow apples until "Wealthy" was cultivated. Now a parent to many apples for resistance to temperatures below freezing. Still available in upper Midwest. Width 67–75 mm (2.6–3.0 in), height 53–61 mm (2.1–2.4 in). Stalk 10–22 mm (0.39–0.87 in). Parentage Jonathan x Ducess of Oldenburg. VitC 14. DBH 116.

| Eating  | Pick50 September 1. PickE mid-September. Use September–December.
Webster[11] |  | Geneva, New York, US  | 1921, Introduced 1938  | P (Ben Davis x Jonathan) x (Ben Davis x Jonathan). A large red apple. Triploid.  | Cooking  | PickE early October. Use October–December.
Wedge[11] |  | Minnesota, US  | 1912, Introduced 1922  | P Ben Davis x unknown. A large apple.  |  | Use October–November.
Weidner's Goldreinette(fr. Reinette Weidner)[34][6] |  | Germany  | 1844  | Width 82–91 mm, height 75 mm. Stalk 13 mm. Flesh, yellowish, fine-grained, tender, crisp, juicy, aromatic, subacid.  | Eating  | PickE mid-October. Use January–March
Weisser Rosmarinapfel see White Romarin
Weisser Taffetapfel (a.k.a. Weisser Winter taffetapfel, fr. Taffetas Blanc, ru. Taftianoe beloe zimnee)[28][170][17] |  | ?  | <1820  | A yellow apple with red overcolor. Width 63–67 mm, height 47–54 mm. Stalk 17 mm. Flesh white, juicy, subacid.  | Eating, Cooking  | Pick October. Use November - April.
Weisskante[28] |  | Germany  | <1850  | Width 66 mm (2.6 in), height 66 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in).  | Cooking, eating  | Use November–March.
Well apple (see Domine)
Well apple (see Titus Pippin)
Wellspur[8][6] |  |  | Discovered 1952, introduced 1958.  | A sport of Starking. Cold storage 0.5oC 120 days.  | Eating  |
Welschisner[15] |  | Austria  | 1659  | A greenish-yellow apple with red flush. Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in). Stalk is short. Flesh is whitish yellow, aromatic, subacid. Quality is good for eating.  | Eating  | Pick mid-October. Use January–May.
Werder Golden Reinette[14] |  | Potsdam, Germany  | <1904  | Golden yellow striped with crimson. Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in). Tree is vigorous. Flesh is firm, yellowish, sweet, good. Am from RHS in 1904.  | Eating  |
Western Beauty(a.k.a. Musgroves Cooper, Big Rambo, Ohio Beauty)[10][234] |  | US  | <1850  | Width 89 mm (3.5 in), height 74 mm (2.9 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Flesh is light yellow, tender, juicy, vinous, subacid. Tree is vigorous, productive, early bearer.  | Cooking, eating  | Use August–December.
Western Giant[11] |  | California, US  | Introduced 1948  | A large Apple P unknown. Ripens before Red Astrachan.  |  |
Westfield Seek-No-Further (a.k.a. Westfield)[10][27][26] |  | Westfield, Massachusetts, US  | <1800  | A medium-sized conic to truncate-conic apple. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Greenish-yellow, dull skin, flushed orange with carmine stripes, russet dots and patches. Shaded fruit are often irregularly russeted all over, with little colour showing. Flesh is light buttery-yellow, firm but tender, and moderately fine-grained. Flavour is nicely balanced, a honey-like sweetness balanced with a lemon-like citric acidity, rich, notes of pear and vanilla. Vigorous grower, some disease resistance.  | Eating  | PickE late September. Use October–December.
Wheeler's Russet[12][51][13] |  | England  | <1717  | Medium-sized fruit, entirely covered with pale yellowish grey russet. Cells ovate, axile, closed. A highly flavoured dessert apple of the first quality. Triploid.  | Eating  | PickE late October. Use November–April
Whetstone[11] |  | Missouri, US  | Introduced 1935  | P Conard x Delicious. Quality is fair. Tree is vigorous.  |  |
White Astrachan[24][13] |  | Sweden or Russia  | <1800  | Width 71 mm (2.8 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in).Cells ovate axile. Flesh white, semi-transparent, tender, juicy, subacid.  | Eating  | Pick August.
White Doctor[9] |  | Pennsylvania, US  | <1875  | A large greenish-yellow apple. Stalk short. Tree is vigorous. Flesh is white, subacid, good.  | Cooking  | Use September–October.
White June (see Yellow June)
White Pippin (a.k.a. Canada Pippin)[9][27][26] |  | US or Canada  | <1848  | A yellow apple. Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 65–70 mm (2.6–2.8 in). Stalk 12–18 mm (0.47–0.71 in). Flesh is white, crisp, juicy, subacid, very good to best.  | Eating  | Use January–March.
White Romarin (de. Weisser Rosmarinapfel, Edelweisser, fr. Romarin blanc, Romarin blanche, ru. Rosmarin belîi) [17] |  | Italy  | <1798  | A yellow conical apple. With 60 – 70 mm, height 66–73 mm. Stalk long. Flesh fine, tender, sweet to subacid.  | Eating  |
White Sweet[9] |  | New Jersey, US  | <1875  | Tree isvigorous. Flesh is white, sweet, good.  | Cider, cooking  | Use September–October.
White Transparent[7][14][4][26][16][8] |  | Latvia  | 1850  | Very pale green skin. Flesh is white, firm, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, good. Fruit bruises easily and goes soft once harvested. Width 55–72 mm (2.2–2.8 in), height 55–68 mm (2.2–2.7 in), weight 85–100 g (3.0–3.5 oz). Stalk 26 mm (1.0 in). AM from RHS in 1895. Cold storage 4oC 20 days. VitC 15. Density 0.77 DBH 75  | Cooking, pie, eating  | Pick45 August 1. Pick50 July 22. Pick55 July 10. PickE late July–early August. Pickg July 15–August 7. Use July–August.
White Winter Pearmain[10][9][27] |  | US  | <1830  | Width 74–79 mm (2.9–3.1 in), height 62–73 mm (2.4–2.9 in). Stalk 15–20 mm (0.59–0.79 in). Tree is vigorous. Flesh is yellow, crisp, juicy, very good.  | Eating, cooking  | Use December–March.
Whitney Russet[10] |  | US  | <1850  | Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 52 mm (2.0 in). Stalk 14 mm (0.55 in). Flesh id grennish-yellow, juicy, subacid, aromatic, spicy.  | Eating  | Use December–February.
Whorle Pippin (a.k.a. Lady Derby, Thorle Pippin)[12][6] |  | Scotland  | <1831  | Summer dessert apple of first-rate quality. Flesh white, firm, crisp and very juicy, with a brisk flavour. Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 51 mm (2.0 in).  | Eating  | PickE late August. Use August–September.
Wickham's Pearmain[12] |  | Hampshire, England  | <1875  | A pearmain-shaped yellow apple with red overcolour on the side next the sun. Width and height 50 mm (2.0 in). Flesh is greenish yellow, crisp, juicy, and highly flavoured. An excellent dessert apple.  | Eating  |
Wickson[11] |  | California, US  | Introduced 1944  | A red oblong apple. P Yellow Newtown x Spitzenberg crab. Flesh juicy.  | Jam, jelly, cider  |
Wickstrands favorit[25] |  | Sweden  | <1900  | A green apple. Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Flesh sweet.  | Eating  | Pick October. Use October–December.
Wijcik McIntosh[131] |  | British Columbia, Canada  | Mid-1960s  | A green apple with 70% red overcolor. Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in). Weight 164 g (5.8 oz). Mutation of McIntosh apple that first showed columnar ornamental properties. SS 12.6 TA 0.88  | Eating, cooking, ornamental  |
Wild Twist[235] |  | US  | 2011  | Honeycrisp x Cripps Pink. Commercially available in 2020.  |  |
Wilhelmapfel (see Kaiser Wilhelm)
William Crump[7][14][31] |  | Worcestershire, England  | <1908  | High-quality, well-coloured dessert apple. Raised at Rowe's Nurseries, Worcester, England. AM from RHS in 1908. First Class Certificate from RHS in 1910. A yellow apple half covered with red flush. Width 70–74 mm (2.8–2.9 in), height 58–63 mm (2.3–2.5 in). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in).  | Eating  | PickE mid-October. Use December–February.
Williams Favourite (a.k.a. Williams, Williams Early)[14][24][27][26][6] |  | Roxbury, Massachusetts, US  | c. 1750 | Width 56–69 mm (2.2–2.7 in), height 52–69 mm (2.0–2.7 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). AM from RHS in 1895. Flesh is crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, aromatic, good. Tree is moderately vigorous.  | Eating  | Pick September. Use September–November.
Williams Pride (a.k.a. Co-op 23)[18][236][43] |  | Indiana, US  | Cross made 1973, selected 1979, introduced 1987  | Flesh is light cream, firm, crisp, juicy, subacid, spicy, rich, excellent. Purple-red overcolor, nearly 100%. Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). Parentage PRI 1018-101 x NJ 50.  | Eating  | Pick45 August 15. Pick55 August 1.
Willie Sharpe[18] |  | New Zealand  | Early 1900s  | Light green, round, medium-sized apple. Flesh is sweet, subacid, good.  | Eating  |
Willis Sweet (a.k.a. Pear Lot)[9] |  | Long Island, US  | c. 1800  | Width 83 mm (3.3 in), height 73 mm (2.9 in). Stalk 22 mm (0.87 in). Very good. Flesh is juicy, sweet.  | Eating, cooking, baking.  | Use August–September.
Willow Twig (a.k.a. James River)[9][10][27] |  | US  | <1848  | Yellow with red flush. Width 84 mm (3.3 in), height 68–73 mm (2.7–2.9 in). Stalk 22 mm (0.87 in). Flesh is pleasant, subacid. Valuable for late keeping  |  |
Windsor[26][27] |  | US  | <1889  | Flesh is juicy, aromatic, good to very good.  | Eating  | Use October–March.
Wine[10] |  | US  | <1850  | A large apple. Flesh is yellow, juicy, acid to subacid. Tree is very large.  | Cooking, eating  | Use November–December.
Winecrisp (a.k.a. Coop 31)[237][238] |  | New Jersey, US  | Cross made 1969, selected 1976  | A round to oblong 100% red apple. Similar in shape and color to Winesap. Diameter 60–65 mm (2.4–2.6 in), height 60–63 mm. Weight 200 g (7.1 oz). Stalk 5–8 mm (0.20–0.31 in). Flesh is yellow-white, crisp, juicy. Tree moderately vigorous, annual and heavy bearing. SS 12.75 DBH 172.  | Eating  | Pick45 October 10. Pick55 September 30. Use October–April.
Winesap[9][10][26][27][8] |  | United States  | 1817  | Sweet with tangy finish. Reddish blush flecked with some green. Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Stalk 17–20 mm (0.67–0.79 in). Flesh is yellow, firm, coarse, crisp, juicy, subacid, good to very good. Cold storage 0oC 150 days.  | Cider, eating  | Pick45 October 20. PickE late October. Use October–March.
Winston (Winter King)[7] agm[239][31][16][8] |  | Berkshire, England  | c. 1935 | A yellow to green apple with red flush and stripes (40–70%). Cox Orange × Worcester Pearmain. Originally called Winter King because of its extraordinary keeping ability, renamed during World War II for Winston Churchill. Width 65–72 mm (2.6–2.8 in), height 60–64 mm (2.4–2.5 in). Stalk 10–20 mm (0.39–0.79 in). Cold storage 3-4oC 140 days.  | Eating  | PickE mid-October. Use December –April.
Winter Banana(cs. Banánové zimni, fr. Banane d'hiver, ru. Zimnee bananovoe, Banan zimnii, Bananovoe)[7][18][26][27][32][6][17] |  | Adamsboro, Cass County, Indiana, US  | 1876  | Large, late dessert apple for use in December to March. Award of Merit from RHS in 1912. A golden yellow apple. 25–75% flushed with pinkish brown. Width 78 mm (3.1 in), height 71 mm (2.8 in). Flesh is yellow, firm, crisp, aromatic, juicy, mild subacid good to very good. VitC 13–20.  | Eating  | PickE early October. PickG mid–late October. Use December–March.
Winter Gem[240][6] |  | Faversham, Kent, England  | raised 1975, introduced 1993  | Flesh crisp, juicy, aromatic.  | Eating  | PickE early October. Use November - January.
Winter Harvey[9] |  | US  | <1850  | Flesh us white, tender, juicy, subacid, good. Tree is vigorous.  | Eating  | Use January–March
Winter Maiden's Blush[9] |  | Pennsylvania, US  | <1850  | Flesh is white, crisp, tender, subacid, very good. Stalk is short.  | Eating  |
Winter Pearmain[12][13] |  | England  | <1600  | A narrow conical ribbed apple. Width 70–80 mm (2.8–3.1 in), height 70–80 mm (2.8–3.1 in). Stalk is very short. Cells ovate, axile. Flesh is yellow, firm crisp, juicy and a very pleasant flavour.  | Eating, cooking  | PickE early October. Use December–April.
Winter Pomeroy[13] |  | Possibly England  | <1850  | Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). Stalk is long. Flesh is yellow, crisp, sub-acid.  | Cooking  | Use December–January.
Winter Prinzenapfel[28] |  | Germany  | <1887  | Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 69–72 mm (2.7–2.8 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). Flesh is juicy, sweet, good.  | Eating, cooking  | Use December–March.
Winter Quarrenden (a.k.a. Stubb's Seedlin)[14] |  | Nottinghamshire, England  | <1895  | A bright crimson apple. Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in). AM from RHS in 1895. P London Pippin x Devonshire Quarrenden. Flesh is greenish-yellow, poor.  | Eating  | PickE early October. Use November–December.
Winter Quittenapfel[28] |  |  | <1830  | Width 72 mm (2.8 in), height 58–60 mm (2.3–2.4 in). Stalk 11 mm (0.43 in).  | Cooking, eating  | Use December–April.
Winter Quoining[13][30] |  | England  | <1700  | Width 57 mm (2.2 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). Cells obovate, abaxile. Flesh is greenish yellow, tender, soft, not very juicy, sugary, perfumed.  | Cooking, eating  | Use November–May.
Winterrambour (see Rheinischer Winterrambour)
Wintertaffetapfel (a.k.a. Weisser Wintertaffetapfel)[32] |  |  | <1797  | A yellow apple. Width 65–75 mm (2.6–3.0 in), height 45–55 mm (1.8–2.2 in). VitC 8–21.  | Eating, juice  | Use December–April
Winter Zitronenapfel (a.k.a. Winter-Citronenapfel, Citron d'hiver, Reinette du roi, König's Reinette, cs. Citronové zimní)[28] |  | Germany  | <1726  | Width 72–79 mm (2.8–3.1 in), height 57–67 mm (2.2–2.6 in).Flesh yellow to white, subacid, not aromatic. TRI  | Cooking, eating, cider  | Pick October. Use December–April.
Winthrop Greening (a.k.a. Lincoln Pippin, Hove Apple)[9] |  | Winthrop, Maine, US  | <1875  | Stalk is short. Flesh is white, tender, juicy, subacid.  | Eating  | Use September.
Witos[5] |  | Poland  |  |
Wolf River[7][26][6] |  | Fremont County, Wisconsin, US  | <1875  | Apple very large, some growing to size of large grapefruit. Red with yellow blush. Once very popular commercial apple in United States but presently relegated to upper Midwest if grown for profit. Occasionally can be found growing wild in backcountry thickets or abandoned land in Shenandoah Valley. Named for area where found. Flesh is white, firm, tender, juicy, aromatic, subacid, fair to good. Feral trees can be brought back with care and pruning. Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in).  | Cooking, eating  | Pick45 September 5. Pick55 August 15. PickE mid-September. Use October–December.
Woltmann's Reinette (a.k.a. Celler Dickstiel, Krügers Dickstiel)[28] |  | Bremen, Germany  | <1850  | A yellow apple with red overcolor. Width 71 mm (2.8 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). Flesh white, juicy, subacid, aromatic.  | Eating  | Pick October. Use November–March.
Wood's Greening (a.k.a. cs. Simirenkova reneta, fr. Reinette verte de Simirenko, Reinette verte incomparable, ru. Reinette Simerenko)[199][28][17] |  | Ukraine  | <1895  | A golden yellow apple. Width 70–78 mm (2.8–3.1 in), height 54–65 mm (2.1–2.6 in).  | Cooking, eating  | Pick October.
Woolbrook Pippin[30][6] |  | England  | Raised 1903, introduced 1921  | Yellow with red flush and Russet. Width 67 mm, height 56mm. Stalk is short. AM from RHS in 1929. Flesh is white, hard, sweet, aromatic.  | Eating  | PickE mid-September. Use October - December
Woolbrook Russet[7][30] |  | Devon, England  | 1903  | P Bramley x King Acre Pippin. Width 84 mm (3.3 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk is short. Flesh is white, juicy, acid. AM from RHS in 1930.  | Cooking  | PickE mid-October. Use December–March.
Worcester Pearmain[7] agm[241][32][28][8] |  | Worcestershire, England  | Introduced 1873  | Conical, entirely covered with scarlet. FCC from RHS in 1875. Crisp and sweet strawberry flavour when ripe. Width 60–75 mm (2.4–3.0 in), height 50–65 mm (2.0–2.6 in). Cells obovate, axile, slit. Cold storage 1oC 180 days. VitC 8.  | Eating  | PickE early–mid-September. Use September–October.
Wormsley Pippin see Reinette von Wormsley
Wright[11] |  | Missouri, US  | Introduced 1942  | P Ben Davis x Jonathan. Fruit is large, good flavor.  | Eating  |
Wrixparent[11][6] |  | Magnolia, Delaware, US  | Discovered 1920, Introduced 1940  | P Transparent x unknown. Ripens early.  | Eating  | PickE late July–early August.
Wyken Pippin[7][13][28] |  | England or Netherland  | <1720  | Flat round, even, greenish yellow, with delicious flavour. Width 59 mm (2.3 in), height 50 mm (2.0 in). Cells obovate, axile, closed.  | Eating  | PickE mid-October. Use November–February.

### Y

[edit]

Common name  | Image  | Origin  | First developed  | Comment  | Use  | Pick/Use period

|
|
|
|
|
|

Yakima Newtown[11] |  | Washington, US  | Introduced 1949  | Mutation of Yellow Newtown.  | Cooking, cider, eating  |
Yates[9] |  | Georgia, US  | <1865  | A small apple. Flesh is white, tender, juicy, subacid, good.  | Eating  | Use March·May.
Yellow Bellflower (a.k.a. Connecticut Seek-No-Further, cs. Kraskokvět žlutý, de. Gelber Bellefleur, fr. Belle fleur jaune, Belle flavoise, pl. Pepina Linneusza, ru. Jioltîi belflior, Krasotvet)[4][10][26][27][34][33][58][17] |  | Burlington, New Jersey, US  | <1800  | A yellow apple. Width 72–85 mm (2.8–3.3 in), height 72–98 mm (2.8–3.9 in), weight 160 g (5.6 oz). Stalk 11–26 mm (0.43–1.02 in). A favorite for baked apples. Banana flavour. Tree is large, vigorous. Flesh is yellow, tender, juicy, crisp, subacid, very good. VitC 18. Density 0.77.  | Cooking. Eating.  | PickE early–mid-October. PickG late October. Use December–February.
Yellow Forset[27] |  | Los Angeles, US  | <1885  | Flesh is white, tender, crisp, juicy, aromatic, subacid, good.  | Eating  | Use January–June.
Yellow Ingestrie[14][53][13][28] |  | Shropshire, England  | c. 1800 | Small, even, golden yellow apple. P Orange Pippin x Golden Pippin. Flesh is firm, very juicy and delicately flavoured. Width 53 mm (2.1 in), height 59 mm (2.3 in). Cells ovate, axile, closed.  | Eating  | PickE early September. Use September–October.
Yellow June (a.k.a. White June)[9] |  | Southern US  | <1865  | Flesh is white, tender, juicy, brisk, subacid, good. Stalk is long. Tree is vigorous, abundant bearer.  | Eating  | Use June, July (southern US), August (northern US).
Yellow Newtown (see Newtown Pippin)
Yellow Transparent (see White Transparent)
Yopp (a.k.a. Yopp's Favorite)[9] |  | Georgia, US  | <1857  | Flesh is white, tender, juicy, subacid, good. Stalk is short.  | Eating  | Use November.
York[9] |  | Massachusetts, US  | <1865  | Flesh is whitish, tender, juicy, subacid, good to very good. Stalk is short.  | Cooking  | Use October–November.
York-A-Red[11] |  | West Virginia, US  | 1931\. Introduced 1937.  | Mutation of York Imperial.  | Eating, cider, juice  |
York Imperial[10][9][27][127][26] |  | York, Pennsylvania, US  | 1820  | Flesh is yellowish, tender, juicy, subacid, aromatic. Tree is healthy, productive. Preserves well, lop-sided shape. DBH 165–167.  | Cider, cooking, eating  | Pick55 September 30. Use November–February.
Yorking[11] |  | Pennsylvania, US  | 1925\. Introduced 1932.  | Mutation of York Imperial  | Eating, cider, juice  |
Yorkshire Greening[14][7][13][28] |  | Yorkshire, England  | <1803  | Width 92 mm (3.6 in), height 76 mm (3.0 in). Stalk is short to medium. Cells obovate, abaxile. Tree is very dwarfed. Flesh is white, firm, dry, acid. Triploid.  | Cooking  | PickE early-mid October. Use November–March.

### Z

[edit]

Common name  | Image  | Origin  | First developed  | Comment  | Use  | Pick/Use period

|
|
|
|
|
|

Zabergäu Renette[7][32][4][97][8] |  | Germany  | 1875, introduced 1924  | Large yellow apple with russet, somewhat like Belle de Boskoop. Width 70–85 mm (2.8–3.3 in), height 60–75 mm (2.4–3.0 in), weight 128–208 g (4.5–7.3 oz). Cold storage 4oC 180 days. High in sugar; 14.8%. VitC 14. Density 0.84  | Eating  | PickE early-mid October. PickG mid–late October. Pickg October 15–30. Use October–March.
Zestar |  | Minnesota, US  | Introduced 1996  | Red and greenish-yellow, round, sweet and tangy, preserves well  | Cooking, eating  | Pick45 August 20. Pick55 August 10. Use August.
Zigeunerin[16] |  | Riga  | <1930  | A yellow apple with red flush (50–90%). Width 83 mm (3.3 in), height 79 mm (3.1 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in).  | Eating  | Use September
Zimska Kolačara[19] |  | Serbia  | <1900  | A greenish yellow apple. Width 55–65 mm (2.2–2.6 in), height 65–75 mm (2.6–3.0 in), weight 170–210 g (6.0–7.4 oz). Stalk is short. Flesh is firm, sweet, juicy.  | Eating, cooking, pie  | Pick late September–early October.
Zimtrenette (a.k.a. Zimmtreinette)[32] |  | Sachsen, Germany  |  | A yellow apple with russet and red overcolor. Width 55–70 mm (2.2–2.8 in), height 50–60 mm (2.0–2.4 in). Flesh is greenish-white, crisp, juicy, subacid.  | Eating, cooking, juice  | Use November–February.
Zhigulevskoe[6] |  | St Petersburg, Russia  |  | Parentage Duchess of Oldenburg x Wagenar Prizovoe. Flesh soft juicy.  | Eating  | PickE late September. Use September–November.
Zoar Greening[9] |  | Ohio, US  | <1865  | Flesh is white, tender, juicy, subacid, good.  | Eating  | Use November–December.
Zoete Bloemée[16] |  | Possibly the Netherlands  |  | A yellow to green apple with red stripes. Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 66 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in).  |  | Use September
Zoete Campagner[16] |  | Netherlands  |  | A green apple with red flush (50–90%). Width 72 mm (2.8 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in).  | Cooking  | Use October–February
Zoete Ermgaarde[16] |  | Netherlands  | <1860  | A yellow conical apple with red flush. Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 14 mm (0.55 in). Flesh is cream, crisp, firm, subacid.  | Eating, cooking  | PickE mid-October. Use November–April.
Zomer Delicious[6] |  | Wageningen, Netherlands  |  | A yellow apple reminiscent of Golden Delicious. Flesh soft, juicy.  | Eating  | PickE early September. Use September - October.
Zuccalmaglio (see Von Zuccalmaglios renette)

## Cider apples

[edit]

Cider apples are a variety of apples that may be far too sour or bitter for fresh eating, but are used for making cider. Varieties in italics are used for both cider and eating purposes.

List of abbreviations used in the following table  Abbreviations  | Full form  | Abbreviations  | Full form

|
|
|

s  | Susceptible  | r  | Resistant
AS  | Apple scab (resistant/susceptible to)  | AC  | Apple canker (resistant/susceptible to)
BI  | Bacterial infections (resistant/susceptible to)  | PM  | Powdery mildew (resistant/susceptible to)
TRI  | Triploid

[242]

Gravenstein apples, used for cooking, dessert, and cider Less common apple cultivars (among pear cultivars) A range of modern apple cultivars Common name  | Origin  | First developed  | Type  | Juice titratable acidity % weight/volume  | Juice specific gravity or oBrix

grams/liter

| Tannin %  | Days from full bloom to maturity  | Disease susceptibility

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Amanda | Somerset, England  | 2007  | Bittersweet  | 0.22  | 1054 (Somerset, England)  | 0.23  | 137 (Somerset, England)  |
Amere de Berthcourt  | France  |  | Bittersweet  | 0.20  | 1049 (Washington, US)  | 0.34  | 145 (Washington, US)  |
Amere Forestier  | France  |  | Sweet  | 0.20  | 1046 (Washington, US)  | 0.34  | 153 (Washington, US)  |
Angela | Somerset, England  | 2007  | Bittersharp  | 0.62  | 1049 (Somerset, England)  | 0.19  | 135 (Somerset, England)  |
Antoinette | France  |  | Bittersweet  | 0.25  | 1050 (France)  | 0.27  |  | sAS
Arbeya  | Spain  |  | Sharp  | 0.57  |  | 0.16  |  |
Arbeya Montés  | Spain  |  | Sharp  | 0.71  |  | 0.15  |  |
Armagnac | France  |  | Sharp  | 0.81  | 1065 (France)  | 0.17  |  |
Ashmead's Kernel | Gloucestershire, England  | c. 1700 |  |  |  |  | 134 (Ontario, Canada)  |
Ashton Bitter | Somerset, England  | 1947  | Bittersweet  |  |  |  |  |
Ashton Brown Jersey | Somerset, England  | 1903  | Bittersweet  | 0.14  | 1054 (Somerset, England)  | 0.34  | 194 (Somerset, England)  |
Avrolles | France  |  | Sharp  | 1.20  | 1055 (France)  | 0.09  |  |
Backwell red | Somerset England  | Old  | Sharp  | 0.70  | 1051 (Somerset, England)  | 0.13  | 172 (Somerset, England)  |
Baldwin | Wilmington, Massachusetts, US  | c. 1740 | Sharp  | 0.74  | 15.3  | 0.059  |  |
Ball's Bittersweet  | Herefordshire, England  | 1927  | Bittersweet  | 0.28  |  | 0.28  |  |
Bedan | France  |  | Bittersweet  | 0.15  | 1056 (Somerset, England), 1051 (Washington, US)  | 0.23  | 184 (Somerset, England) 136 (Washington, US)  | sAS
Belle de Boskoop | Netherlands  | 1856  | Bittersharp  | 1  |  |  |  |
Belle Fille de la Manche | France  |  | Sweet  |  |  |  |  | sAS, TRI
Betty | Somerset, England  | 2007  | Sharp  | 0.90  | 1050 (Somerset, England)  | 0.11  | 125 (Somerset, England)  |
Bickington Grey  | Devonshire  |  | Sharp  |  |  |  |  |
Binet Blanc | France  |  | Bittersweet  | 0.18  | 1060 (France)  | 0.25  |  |
Binet Rouge | France  |  | Bittersweet  | 0.18  | 1063 (France)  | 0.24  |  | sPM
Binet Violet | France  |  | Bittersweet  | 0.17  | 1050 (France)  | 0.26  |  |
Bisquet | France  |  | Bittersweet  | 0.21  | 1045 (France)  | 0.21  |  |
Bittenfelder | Germany  | 1930s  | Bittersharp  | 1.00  | 1070 (Germany)  |  |  |
Black Crofton  | Australia  |  | Sweet  | 0.40  | 10.8  | 0.037
Black Dabinett  | Somerset, England  |  | Bittersweet  |  |  |  |  |
Black Vallis  | Somerset, England  |  | TRI  |  |  |  |  |
Blanchet | France  |  | Sharp  | 0.48  | 1050 (France)  | 0.13  |  |
Blanc Mollet  | France  |  | Bittersweet  | 0.15  | 1046 (Washington, US)  | 0.20  | 114 (Washington, US)  |
Blanc Sur | France  |  | Sharp  | 0.67  | 1055 (France)  | 0.12  |  |
Blanquina  | Spain  |  | Sharp  | 0.63  |  | 0.09  |  |
Bohnapfel | Germany  | <1800  | Bittersharp  | 0.55  | 1050 (Germany)  |  |  |
Bran Rose  | Herefordshire  | <1880  | Sharp  |  |  |  |  |
Bouteville  | France  |  | Sweet  | 0.16  | 1052 (Washington, US)  | 0.14  | 126 (Washington, US)  |
Bramley | Nottinghamshire, England  | 1809  | Sharp  | 0.94  | 1050 (Somerset, England)  | 0.12  | 121 (Ontario, Canada)  |
Bramtot  | England  |  | Bittersweet  | 0.32  | 1057 (Washington, US)  | 0.50  | 128 (Washington, US)  |
Breakwell's Seedling | Wales  | 1890  | Bittersharp  | 0.64  | 1042 (Somerset, England), 1041 (Washington, US)  | 0.23  | 150 (Somerset, England), 113 (Ontario, Canada), 110 (Washington, US)  |
Broad-Leaved Hereford  | England  |  | Bittersweet  |  |  |  |  |
Browns Apple | Devon  | 1920s  | Sharp  | 0.67  |  |  | 191 (Somerset, England), 92 (Ontario, Canada)  |
Brown Snout | Herefordshire, England  | c. 1850 | Bittersweet  | 0.24  | 1053 (Somerset, England), 1051 (Washington, US)  | 0.24  | 176 (Somerset, England), 145 (Ontario, Canada), 149 (Washington, US)  |
Brown Thorn (a.k.a. Argile Grise)  |  |  | Bittersweet  | 0.20  | 1048 (Washington, US)  | 0.16  | 142 (Washington, US)  |
Broxwood Foxwhelp  | England  | 1920  | Bittersharp  | 1.91  |  | 0.22  |  |
Bulmer's Norman | France  | <1890  | Bittersweet TRI  | 0.24  | 1053 (Somerset, England), 1046 (Washington, US)  | 0.27  | 165 (Somerset, England), 97 (Ontario, Canada), 127 (Washington, US)  |
Burrowhill Early  | Somerset, England  |  | Bittersweet  |  |  |  |  |
Buttery d'Or  | Dorset, England  |  | Sharp  |  |  |  |  |
Börtlinger Weinapfel | Germany  | 1827  | Bittersharp  |  |  |  |  |
Cadbury (a.k.a. Royal Wildling)  | Somerset, England  |  | Sweet  |  |  |  |  |
Calabaza  | Spain  |  | Sharp  | 0.77  |  | 0.14  |  |
Campfield  | New Jersey, US  | <1817  | Sweet  | 0.23  | 1055 (Washington, US)  | 0.17  | 172 (Washington, US)  |
Campillo  | Spain  |  | Sharp  | 0.52  |  | 0.11  |  |
Cap of Liberty | Somerset, England  |  | Bittersharp  | 0.82  | 1052 (Somerset, England), 1047 (Washington, US)  | 0.21  | 155 (Washington, US)  |
Captain Broad  | Cornwall, England  |  | Bittersweet TRI  |  |  |  |  |
Cartigny | France  |  | Bittersweet  | 0.21  | 1051 (France)  | 0.22  |  |
Casado  | Spain  |  | Sharp  | 0.98  |  | 0.19  |  |
Cazo Jaune  | France  |  | Bittersharp  | 1.31  | 1054 (France)  | 0.33  |  |
Chaperonnais  | France  |  | Bittersweet  |  |  |  |  |
Charlepitré  | France  |  | Sweet  |  |  |  |  |
Cherry Norman  | Herefordshire  | <1880  | Bittersweet  |  |  |  |  |
Cherry Pearmain  | Herefordshire  |  | Sharp  |  |  |  |  |
Chestnut  | Minnesota, US  | 1946  | Bittersharp  | 0.51  | 14.9  |
Chevalier Jaune | France  |  | Bittersweet  | 0.22  | 1053 (France)  | 0.38  |  |
Chisel Jersey (a.k.a. Bitter Jersey)  | Somerset, England  | <1900  | Bittersweet  | 0.22  | 1059 (Somerset, England), 1056 (Washington, US)  | 0.40  | 194 (Somerset, England), 163 (Washington, US)  |
C'Huero Briz  | France  |  | Bittersweet  | 0.21  | 1056 (France)  | 0.47  |  |
Cider Ladies Finger | Somerset, England  |  | Sharp  | 0.59  | 1052 (Somerset, England)  |  |  |
Cidor | France  |  | Bittersweet  | 0.17  | 1055 (France)  | 0.40  |  | sAS
Cimitiere  | France  |  | Bittersweet  | 0.13  | 1039 (Washington, US)  | 0.23  | 133 (Washington, US)  |
Clara  | Spain  |  | Sweet  | 0.21  |  | 0.19  |  |
Clos Renaux | France  |  | Bittersweet  | 0.25  | 1052 (France)  | 0.22  |  |
Clozette Douce | France  |  | Bittersweet  | 0.22  | 1054 (France)  | 0.23  |  |
Coat Jersey  | Somerset, England  |  | Bittersweet  |  |  |  |  |
Coleman's Seedling  | Devonshire  |  | Sharp  |  |  |  |  |
Collaos  | Spain  |  | Sharp  | 0.62  |  | 0.11  |  |
Collington Big Bitters  |  |  | Bittersweet TRI  | 0.21  |  | 0.21  |  |
Coloradona  | Spain  |  | Sweet  | 0.15  |  | 0.13  |  |
Corset Hill | Gloucestershire, England  |  | Sharp  |  |  |  |  |
Court Pendu Plat | France  | 1613  | Sharp  | 0.81  | 1048 (Washington, US)  | 0.11  | 145 (Washington, US)  |
Court Royal (a.k.a. Sweet Blenheim)  | England  |  | Sweet TRI  | 0.21  | 1050 (Somerset, England)  | 0.11  | 195 (Somerset, England)  |
Cox Orange Pippin | England  | 1829  |  |  |  |  | 121 (Ontario, Canada)  |
Crimson Crisp | New Jersey, US  | 1971  |  |  |  |  | 138 (Ontario, Canada)  |
Crimson King | Somerset, England  | <1900  | Sharp TRI  | 0.6  | 1044 (Somerset, England)  | 0.13  | 195 (Somerset, England)  |
Cristalina  | Spain  |  | Sharp  | 0.46  |  | 0.066  |  |
Crow Egg  | Massachusetts, US  | 1832  | Sweet  | 0.31  | 11.4  | 0.044
Cul Plat  | France  |  | Bittersweet  |  |  |  |  |
Cummy Norman | Radnorshire, Wales  | <1876  | Bittersweet  |  |  |  |  |
Dabinett | Somerset, England  | Late 19th century  | Bittersweet  | 0.18  | 1057 (Somerset, England), 1055 (Washington, US)  | 0.29  | 180 (Somerset, England), 131 (Ontario, Canada), 148 (Washington, US)  |
Debbie | Somerset, England  | 2007  | Sharp  | 0.9  | 1050 (Somerset, England)  | 0.08  | 110 (Somerset, England)  |
De La Riega  | Spain  |  | Sharp  | 0.58  |  | 0.11  |  |
Democrat |  |  | Sweet  | 0.37  | 10.6  | 0.044
Diot Roux | France  |  | Sharp  | 0.98  | 1052 (France)  | 0.18  |  |
Dolores  | Spain  |  | Sharp  | 0.54  |  | 0.07  |  |
Domaines  | France  |  | Bittersweet  | 0.21  | 1067 (France), 1050 (Washington, US)  | 0.26  | 153 (Washington, US)  |
Douce Coetligné  | France  |  | Sweet  | 0.19  | 1051 (France)  | 0.18  |  | sPM, sBI
Douce Moen | France  |  | Bittersweet  | 0.21  | 1061 (France)  | 0.24  |  | sAS, sPM, sAC, sBI
Doux au Gober  | France  |  | Sweet  |  |  |  |  |
Doux Eveque Jaune | France  |  | Sweet  | 0.16  | 1052 (France)  | 0.20  |  |
Doux Joseph | France  |  | Bittersweet  | 0.21  | 1058 (France)  | 0.36  |  |
Doux Lozon | France  |  | Bittersweet  | 0.14  | 1053 (France)  | 0.21  |  |
Doux Normandie | France  |  | Sweet  | 0.16  | 1065 (France), 1047 (Washington, US)  | 0.14  | 147 (Washington, US)  |
Doux Veret de Carrouges  | France  |  | Sweet  |  |  |  |  |
Dove  | Somerset, England  | <1899  | Bittersweet  | 0.22  | 1049 (Somerset, England)  | 0.31  | 168 (Somerset, England)  |
Dufflin  | Devonshire  |  | Sweet  |  |  |  |  |
Dunkerton's Late Sweet  | Somerset, England  |  | Sweet  |  |  |  |  |
Durón Arroes  | Spain  |  | Sharp  | 0.52  |  | 0.12  |  |
Durón Encarnado  | Spain  |  | Sharp  | 0.75  |  | 0.10  |  |
Durona Tresali  | Spain  |  | Sharp  | 0.77  |  | 0.14  |  |
Dymock Red  | Gloucestershire, England  | <1800  | Bittersharp  |  | 1052 (Somerset, England)  | 0.22  | 149 (Somerset, England)  |
Early Bird  |  |  | Bittersweet  | 0.21  | 1052  | 0.55  |  |
Eggleton Styre  | Herefordshire, England  | 1847  | Sweet  |  |  |  |  |
Ellis Bitter | Newton St. Cyres, Devon, England  | c. 1850 | Bittersweet  | 0.20  | 1053 (Somerset, England)  | 0.24  | 157 (Somerset, England)  |
Engelsberger  | Germany  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair Maid of Taunton (a.k.a. Moonshines)  | Somerset  |  | Sharp  |  |  |  |  |
Enterprise | Illinois, US  | 1993  | Sharp  | 0.63  |  |  | 172 (Ontario, Canada)  |
Esopus Spitzenberg | New York, US  | c. 1750 |  |  |  |  | 154 (Ontario, Canada)  |
Filbarrel  | Somerset, England  |  | Bittersweet  | 0.22  | 1045 (Washington, US)  | 0.19  | 180 (Somerset, England), 160 (Washington, US)  |
Finkenwerder Herbstprinz  | Germany  | 1860  | Sharp  | 0.98  | 1055 (Washington, US)  | 0.07  | 127 (Washington, US)  |
Fiona | Somerset, England  | 2007  | Sharp  | 0.69  | 1049 (Somerset, England)  | 0.15  | 125 (Somerset, England)  |
Four Square  | England  |  | Sharp TRI  |  |  |  |  |
Foxwhelp | Gloucestershire, England  | c. 1600 | Sharp  | 0.69  | 1048 (Washington, US)  | 0.17  | 152 (Washington, US)  |
Frederick  | Monmoutshire, Wales  | 1800s  | Sharp  | 1.02  | 1048 (Somerset, England)  | 0.09  | 190 (Somerset, England)  |
Fréquin Audievre  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 168 (Somerset, England)  |
Fréquin Rouge  | France  |  | Bittersweet  | 0.24  | 1065 (France), 1047 (Washington, US)  | 0.51  | 148 (Ontario, Canada), 148 (Washington, US)  | sAS, sAC
Fresnosa  | Spain  |  | Sharp  | 0.67  |  | 0.11  |  |
Fuentes  | Spain  |  | Sharp  | 0.75  |  | 0.11  |  |
Gehrers Rambour  | Germany  | 1885  | Bittersharp  |  |  |  |  |
Gennet Moyele  | England  | 1600s  | Bittersharp  | >1.2  | 1052 (Somerset, England)  |  |  |
Gesnot  | France  |  | Sharp  | 0.65  | 1049  | 0.11  |  |
Gilly  | Somerset, England  | 2007  | Bittersharp  | 0.54  | 1053 (Somerset, England)  | 0.18  | 125 (Somerset, England)  |
Golden Ball  | Devonshire  |  | Sharp  |  |  |  |  |
Golden Russet | New York, US  | <1850  | Sharp  | 0.66  | 1061 (Washington, US)  | 0.10  | 161 (Ontario, Canada), 167 (Washington, US)  |
Golden Spire  | England  | 1850  |  |  |  |  |  |
GoldRush | Indiana, US  | 1993  |  |  |  |  | 173 (Ontario, Canada)  |
Granniwinkle  | US  |  | Sweet  | 0.30  | 1045 (Washington, US)  | 0.08  | 128 (Washington, US)  |
Gravenstein Red | Denmark/US  |  | Sharp  | 0.56  | 1052 (Washington, US)  | 0.07  | 126 (Washington, US)  |
Great Britain  | Devonshire  |  | Sharp  |  |  |  |  |
Green Bittersweet  | Devonshire  |  | Bittersweet  |  |  |  |  |
Grimes Golden | West Virginia, US  | 1804  | Sharp  | 0.61  | 1052 (Washington, US)  | 0.07  | 149 (Ontario, Canada), 173 (Washington, US)  |
Grindstone  |  |  | Sharp  | 0.58  | 1061 (Washington, US)  | 0.10  | 178 (Washington, US)  |
Guillevic  | France  |  | Sharp  | 0.58  | 1059 (France)  | 0.135  |  |
Hagloe Crab | Gloucestershire, England  | <1880  | Sharp  |  |  |  |  |
Hangdown (a.k.a. Pocket Apple)  | Somerset or Devonshire, England  |  | Bittersweet  | 0.20  | 1056 (Somerset, England)  | 0.28  | 161 (Somerset, England)  |
Harrison  | New Jersey, US  | 1770  | Sharp  | 0.64  | 1061 (Washington, US)  | 0.10  | 146 (Washington, US)  |
Harry Masters Jersey | Somerset, England  | <1900  | Bittersweet  | 0.20  | 1056 (Somerset, England), 1051 (Washington, US)  | 0.32  | 172 (Somerset, England), 146 (Washington, US)  |
Hastings | Somerset, England  | 2007  | Bittersweet  | 0.13  | 1057 (Somerset, England)  | 0.29  | 120 (Somerset, England)  |
Hauxapfel | Germany  | 1920  | Bittersharp  |  |  |  |  |
Helen's Apple  | Somerset, England  | 2007  | Bittersweet  | 0.10  | 1050 (Somerset, England)  | 0.29  | 142 (Somerset, England)  |
Hereford Broadleaf  | Herefordshire, England  |  | TRI  |  |  |  |  |
Honeystring  | Somerset  |  | Sweet  |  |  |  |  |
Idared |  |  | Sweet  | 0.41  | 12.4  | 0.041
Improved Dove  | England  | Early 1900s  | Bittersweet  |  |  |  |  |
Improved Lambrook Pippin  | Somerset, England  | <1960  | Sharp  |  |  |  |  |
Improved Redstreak  | England  | <1940  | Bittersharp  |  |  |  |  |
Jane | Somerset, England  | 2007  | Bittersweet  | 0.19  | 1052 (Somerset, England)  | 0.33  | 118 (Somerset, England)  |
Jaune de Vitré  | France  |  | Sharp  | 0.88  | 1060 (France)  |  |  |
Jeanne Renard  | France  |  | Bittersweet  | 0.17  | 1065 (France)  | 0.42  |  | rBI
Joanna  | Somerset, England  |  | Bittersweet  | 0.11  | 1045 (France)  | 0.22  | 128 (Somerset, England)  |
Jonathan |  |  | Sharp  | 0.58  | 13.0  | 0.046
Jouveaux  | France  |  | Bittersweet  | 0.30  | 1052 (Washington, US)  | 0.16  | 149 (Washington, US)  |
Judaine  | France  |  | Sharp  | 0.67  | 1053 (France)  | 0.075  |  | sAS
Judeline | France  |  | Sharp  | 0.50  | 1050 (France)  | 0.07  |  | sAS
Judin | France  |  | Sharp  | 0.66  | 1060 (France)  | 0.09  |  |
Judor | France  |  | Sharp  | 0.67  | 1052 (France)  | 0.07  |  | sAC
Juliana  | France  |  | Sharp  | 1.03  | 1061 (France)  | 0.18  |  |
Jurella  | France  |  | Sharp  | 0.85  | 1053 (France)  | 0.06  |  | sAS
Kaiser Wilhelm  | Germany  | 1864  | Bittersharp  | 0.63  | 1055 (Germany)  |  |  |
Kardinal Bea  | Germany  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Kermerrien  | France  |  | Bittersweet  | 0.15  | 1062 (France), 1050 (Washington, US)  | 0.43  | 142 (Washington, US)  |
Kingston Bitter  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 168 (Somerset, England)  |
Kingston Black (a.k.a. Black Taunton)  | Near Taunton, Somerset, England  | Late 19th century  | Bittersharp  | 0.58  | 1061 (Somerset, England), 1055 (Washington, US)  | 0.19  | 182 (Somerset, England), 112 (Ontario, Canada), 141 (Washington, US)  |
Knotted Kernel  | Somerset, England  | <1842  | Bittersweet  | 0.24  | 1059 (Somerset, England)  | 0.34  | 188 (Somerset, England)  |
Lagar  | Spain  |  | Bittersharp  | 0.60  |  | 0.22  |  |
Lambrook Pippin | Somerset, England  |  | Sharp  | 0.58  | 1054 (Washington, US)  | 0.24  | 160 (Washington, US)  |
Langworthy (a.k.a. Wyatt's Seedling)  | England  |  | Sharp  |  |  |  |  |
Lavignée (a.k.a. Belle de Douai)  |  |  | Bittersweet  | 0.21  | 1049 (Somerset, England)  | 0.27  | 182 (Somerset, England)  |
Le Bret  | Possibly England  |  | Sweet  |  |  |  |  |
Limón Montés  | Spain  |  | Sharp  | 0.81  |  | 0.12  |  |
Lin  | Spain  |  | Bittersharp  | 0.71  |  | 0.24  |  |
Lizzy | Somerset, England  | 2007  | Bittersweet  | 0.17  | 1047 (Somerset, England)  | 0.20  | 128 (Somerset, England)  |
Locart Vert  | France  |  | Sharp  |  |  |  |  | sPM
London Pippin | England  | 1580  | Sweet  | 0.38  | 1047 (Somerset, England)  | 0.11  |  |
Lorna Doone  | Somerset  |  | Sharp  |  |  |  |  |
Loroñe  | Spain  |  | Sharp  | 0.61  |  | 0.19  |  |
Loroñesa  | Spain  |  | Sharp  | 0.55  |  | 0.16  |  |
Maggie  | Somerset, England  | 2007  | Sharp  | 0.58  | 1052 (Somerset, England)  | 0.14  | 125 (Somerset, England)  |
Major  | England  |  | Bittersweet  | 0.18  | 1054 (Somerset, England), 1051 (Washington, US)  | 0.41  | 150 (Somerset, England), 117 (Washington, US)  |
Marialena  | Spain  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Margil |  | <1800  | Sharp  | 0.57  | 1049 (Washington, US)  | 0.07  | 152  |
Marie Ménard  | France  |  | Bittersweet  | 0.22  | 1061 (France), 1057 (Washington, US)  | 0.48  | 143 (Washington, US)  |
Mariñana  | Spain  |  | Sharp  | 0.60  |  | 0.11  |  |
Marin Onfroy  | France  |  | Bittersweet  | 0.17  | 1059 (France), 1053 (Washington, US)  | 0.325  | 134 (Washington, US)  |
Maud  | France  |  | Sharp  | 0.49  | 1050 (Washington, US)  | 0.07  | 130 (Washington, US)  |
Maundy  | England  |  | Bittersweet  |  |  |  |  |
Meana  | Spain  |  | Sharp  | 0.66  |  | 0.19  |  |
Médaille D'Or  | France  | <1850  | Bittersweet  | 0.27  | 1059 (Somerset, England), 1059 (Washington, US)  | 0.64  | 177 (Somerset, England), 128 (Ontario, Canada), 139 (Washington, US)  |
Meriennet  | France  |  | Bittersweet  |  |  |  |  |
Merton Russet |  |  | Sharp  | 0.82  | 13.6  | 0.034
Mettais  | France  |  | Bittersweet  | 0.17  | 1063 (France), 1056 (Washington, US)  | 0.38  | 138 (Washington, US)  |
Merton Russet  | Surrey, England  | 1921  | Sharp  | 0.82  |  |  |  |
Michelin | France  | 1872  | Bittersweet  | 0.25  | 1050 (France), 1048 (Washington, US)  | 0.23  | 172 (Somerset, England), 115 (Ontario, Canada), 153 (Washington, US)  |
Miyares  | Spain  |  | Sharp  | 0.48  |  | 0.15  |  |
Mollies Delicious |  |  | Sweet  | 0.15  | 10.7  |
Montoto  | Spain  |  | Sharp  | 0.57  |  | 0.155  |  |
Morgan Sweet  | Somerset, England  |  | Sweet TRI  | 0.22  | 1049 (Somerset, England)  | 0.13  | 125 (Somerset, England)  |
Mott Pink  | France  |  | Sharp  | 0.76  | 1043 (Washington, US)  | 0.05  | 129 (Washington, US)  |
Moulin á Vent  | France  |  | Bittersweet  | 0.26  | 1061  | 0.27  |  |
Muscadet de Dieppe  | France  |  | Bittersweet TRI  | 0.21  | 1055 (France), 1057 (Washington, US)  | 0.25  | 114 (Ontario, Canada), 127 (Washington, US)  |
Muscat de Bernay  | France  |  | Bittersweet  | 0.28  | 1050 (Washington, US)  | 0.19  | 161 (Washington, US)  |
Naomi  | Somerset, England  | 2007  | Sweet  | 0.28  | 1041 (Somerset, England)  | 0.17  | 135 (Somerset, England)  |
Nehou  | France  | <1920  | Bittersweet  | 0.17  | 1057 (Somerset, England), 1056 (Washington, US)  | 0.60  | 150 (Somerset, England), 151 (Washington, US)  |
Neverblight  | Somerset  |  | Sharp  |  |  |  |  |
Newtown Pippin se also Yellow Newtown  | Queens County, New York, US  | c. 1750 |  |  |  |  |  |
No Prieta Antigua  | Spain  |  | Sweet  | 0.10  |  | 0.086  |  |
Northern Spy |  |  | Sharp  | 0.70  | 13.2  | 0.048
Northwood  | Devon, England  | c. 1800 | Sweet  | 0.27  | 1049 (Somerset, England)  | 0.17  | 182 (Somerset, England)  |
Norton Bitter  | Somerset  |  | Sharp  |  |  |  |  |
Obdulina  | Spain  |  | Sweet  | 0.37  |  | 0.155  |  |
Omont  | France  |  | Bittersweet TRI  | 0.19  | 1063  | 0.22  |  |
Orange Pippin  | France or UK  | <1800  |  |  |  |  |  |
Osier  | England  |  | Bittersweet  |  |  |  |  |
Paignton Marigold  | Devon England  | <1834  | Bittersweet  |  |  |  |  |
Panquerina  | Spain  |  | Sharp  | 0.55  |  | 0.12  |  |
Paraguas  | Spain  |  | Sweet  | 0.31  |  | 0.09  |  |
Parda Blanquera  | Spain  |  | Sharp-bittersharp  | 0.71  |  | 0.20  |  |
Parda Carreño  | Spain  |  | Sharp  | 0.57  |  | 0.10  |  |
Pardona  | Spain  |  | Sharp  | 0.93  |  | 0.12  |  |
Peau de Chien  | France  |  | Bittersweet  | 0.22  | 1065 (France)  | 0.30  |  | sBI
Peau de Vache  | France  |  | Sweet  | 0.26  | 1048 (Washington, US)  | 0.14  | 140 (Washington, US)  |
Pennard Bitter  | Somerset, England  | <1900  | Bittersweet  |  |  |  |  |
Pepa  | Spain  |  | Sweet  | 0.21  |  | 0.10  |  |
Perezosa  | Spain  |  | Sharp  | 0.55  |  | 0.075  |  |
Perico  | Spain  |  | Sharp  | 0.59  |  | 0.12  |  |
Pethyre  | Monmoutshire, Wales  | 1920s  | Bittersweet  |  |  |  |  |
Petit Amer  | France  |  | Bittersweet  | 0.20  | 1055 (France)  | 0.44  |  |
Petit Jaune  | France  |  | Sharp  | 0.74  | 1055 (France)  | 0.12  |  | sAS, rBI
Pomme de Bouet  | France  |  | Sharp  |  |  |  |  |
Ponsford  | Devonshire  | <1880  | Sharp  |  |  |  |  |
Porters Perfection  | Somerset, England  | <1900  | Bittersharp  | 0.82  | 1054 (Somerset, England), 1054 (Washington, US)  | 0.25  | 199 (Somerset, England), 141 (Ontario, Canada), 147 (Washington, US)  |
Pound  | Devonshire  |  | Sweet  |  |  |  |  |
Poveshon | Essex County, New Jersey, US  | 18th century  |  |  |  |  |  |
Prieta  | Spain  |  | Sharp  | 0.58  |  | 0.10  |  |
Prince William  | England  | 2007  | Bittersweet  | 0.15  | 1057  | 0.25  |  |
Puget Spice  |  |  | Bittersharp  | 0.96  | 1057 (Washington, US)  | 0.13  | 173 (Washington, US)  |
Queen Cox |  |  | Sharp  | 0.59  | 12.5  | 0.043
Queue Torte  | France  |  | Sweet  |  |  |  |  |
Rambault  | France  |  | Sharp  | 0.64  | 1061 (France)  | 0.14  |  |
Rawlings  | Devonshire  |  | Sweet  |  |  |  |  |
Raxao  | Spain  |  | Sharp  | 0.78  |  | 0.08  |  |
Red Jersey (a.k.a. Loral Drain)  | Somerset, England  | 1895  | Bittersweet  | 0.63  | 1052 (Somerset, England)  | 0.48  | 143 (Somerset, England)  |
Red Norman  | Herefordshire  | <1880  | Bittersweet  |  |  |  |  |
Red Spitzenberg |  |  | sharp  | 0.77  | 16.0  | 0.052
Red Stayman Winesap |  |  | Sharp  | 0.51  | 15.1  | 0.060
Redstreak | Herefordshire, England  | c. 1630 | Sharp  | 0.95  | 1048 (Washington, US)  | 0.09  | 121 (Washington, US)  |
Red Worthy  | Somerset  |  | Bittersweet  |  |  |  |  |
Regona  | Spain  |  | Sharp  | 1.07  |  | 0.145  |  |
Reine des Hatives  | Normandy, France  | 1872  | Bittersweet  | 0.24  | 1044 (Washington, US)  | 0.27  | 143 (Washington, US)  |
Reine des Pommes  | France  |  | Bittersweet  | 0.41  | 1063 (Washington, US)  | 0.52  | 184 (Somerset, England), 149 (Washington, US)  |
Reineta Encarnada  | Spain  |  | Sharp  | 0.55  |  | 0.11  |  |
Reinette Obry  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 167 (Somerset, England)  |
Reinette Russet  | France  | 1979  |  | 1.0  |  |  |  |
Rénao  | France  |  | Sharp  |  |  |  |  |
René Martin  | France  |  | Sharp  | 0.76  | 1053 (France)  | 0.14  |  |
Repinaldo Gozón  | Spain  |  | Sweet  | 0.32  |  | 0.08  |  |
Repinaldo Hueso  | Spain  |  | Sharp  | 0.61  |  | 0.13  |  |
Ribston Pippin | England  | 1708  | Sharp  | 0.67  | 1060 (Washington, US)  | 0.11  | 142 (Washington, US)  |
Rosemary Russet  |  |  | Sharp  | 0.86  | 1055 (Washington, US)  | 0.07  | 152 (Washington, US)  |
Ross Nonpareil | England  |  | Sharp  | 0.68  | 1059 (Washington, US)  | 0.15  | 154 (Washington, US)  |
Rouge Duret  | France  |  | Sweet  | 0.17  | 1049 (France)  | 0.16  |  |
Rousse de la Sarthe  | France  |  | Sweet  | 0.17  | 1056 (France)  | 0.16  |  |
Roxbury Russet | Massachusetts, US  | c. 1640s | Sharp  | 0.61–0.80  | 1061 (Washington, US)  | 0.08–0.11  | 143 (Washington, US)  |
Royal Jersey  | Somerset, England  |  | Bittersweet  | 0.19  | 1048 (Washington, US)  | 0.36  | 126 (Washington, US)  |
Royal Somerset (Copas)  | Somerset  |  | Sharp  |  |  |  |  |
Royal Wilding  | Herefordshire, England  |  | Bittersweet  | 0.23  | 1053 (Somerset, England)  | 0.24  |  |
Russet King  |  |  | Sharp  | 0.71  | 1053 (Washington, US)  | 0.05  | 153 (Washington, US)  |
Saint Martin | France  |  | Bittersweet  | 0.20  | 1055 (France)  | 0.23  |  |
Sebin Blanc  | France  |  | Sharp  | 0.54  | 1051 (France)  | 0.14  |  |
Severn Bank  | England  |  | Sharp  |  |  |  |  |
Sherrington Norman |  |  | Bittersharp  | 0.27  | 1051 (Somerset, England)  | 0.33  | 167 (Somerset, England)  |
Sibirian Bittersweet | England  | c. 1810 |  |  |  |  |  |
Sibirian Harvey | England  | 1807  |  |  |  |  |  |
Silver Cup  | Somerset  |  | Bittersweet  |  |  |  |  |
Slack-ma-Girdle | Devon, England  | 18th century  | Sweet  | 0.27  | 1052 (Somerset, England)  | 0.14  |  |
Smith's Cider  |  |  | Sharp  | 0.55  | 1050 (Washington, US)  | 0.08  | 152 (Washington, US)  |
Solarina  | Spain  |  | Sharp  | 0.55  |  | 0.16  |  |
Somerset Redstreak  | Somerset, England  | <1917  | Bittersweet  | 0.19  | 1050 (Somerset, England)  | 0.35  | 148 (Somerset, England)  |
Sops in Wine  | England  | 1600s  | Sweet  |  |  |  |  |
Spicey Pippin  | Devonshire  |  | Sharp  |  |  |  |  |
Stable Jersey  | Somerset, England  |  | Bittersweet  |  |  |  |  |
Stead's Kernel  | Herefordshire, England  | <1875  |  |  |  |  |  |
Stembridge Cluster  | Somerset, England  |  | Bittersharp  |  |  |  |  |
Stembridge Jersey  | Somerset, England  | c. 1950 | Bittersweet  | 0.37  | 1047 (Washington, US)  | 0.27  | 137 (Washington, US)  |
Stoke Red  | Rodney Stoke, Somerset, England  | <1920  | Bittersharp  | 0.64  | 1052 (Somerset, England), 1045 (Washington, US)  | 0.31  | 191 (Somerset, England), 102 (Ontario, Canada), 134 (Washington, US)  |
Strawberry Norman  | Herefordshire, England  | <1900  | Bittersweet  | 0.32  | 1053  | 0.36  |  | TRI
Styre | Forest of Dean, England  | Before 1600  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sugar Loaf  | Devonshire  |  | Sweet  |  |  |  |  |
Sugar Sweet  | Devonshire  |  | Sweet  |  |  |  |  |
Sweet Alford  | Devon, England  |  | Sweet  | 0.22  | 1052 (Somerset, England), 1049 (Washington, US)  | 0.15  | 174 (Somerset, England), 144 (Ontario, Canada), 156 (Washington, US)  |
Sweet Bramley  | Devonshire  |  | Sweet  |  |  |  |  |
Sweet Coopin  | Devon, England  | <1800  | Sweet  | 0.20  | 1052 (Somerset, England)  | 0.14  | 178 (Somerset, England)  |
Tale Sweet  | Devonshire, England  |  | Sweet  |  |  |  |  |
Taliaferro  |  |  | Sharp  | 0.77  | 1047  | 0.09  | 147 (Washington, US)  |
Tan Harvey  | Cornwall, England  |  | Bittersweet  |  |  |  |  |
Tardive de la Sarthe  | France  |  | Bittersweet  | 0.20  | 1059 (France)  | 0.37  |  |
Tardive Forestiere  | France  | <1900  | Bittersweet  |  |  |  | 183 (Somerset, England)  |
Taylor's Sweet (a.k.a. Taylor's)  | Somerset, England  | <1900  | Sweet-bittersweet  | 0.20  | 1051 (Washington, US)  | 0.14  | 128 (Washington, US)  |
Teórica  | Spain  |  | Sharp  | 0.80  |  | 0.08  |  |
Tesniére  | Franc  |  | Sharp  | 0.56  | 1055  | 0.16  |  |
Three Counties  | Somerset, England  | 2007  | Bittersweet  | 0.20  | 1056  | 0.30  | 137 (Somerset, England)  |
Tina  | Somerset, England  | 2007  | Bittersweet  | 0.18  | 1055  | 0.25  | 125 (Somerset, England)  |
Tolman Sweet | US  | 1822  |  |  |  |  | 136 (Ontario, Canada)  |
Tom Putt | England  |  | Sharp  | 0.65  | 1052 (Somerset, England), 1044 (Washington, US)  | 0.13  | 120  | TRI
Track Zero  |  |  | Sweet  | 0.18  | 1053 (Washington, US)  | 0.10  | 160 (Washington, US)  |
Tramlett's Geneva  |  |  | Sharp  | 1.01  | 1044 (Washington, US)  | 0.17  | 148 (Washington, US)  |
Tremlett's Bitter  | Exe Valley, England  | c. 1820 | Bittersweet  | 0.27  | 1052 (Somerset, England)  | 0.34  | 174  |
Twistbody Jersey  | England  |  | Sweet  | 0.12  | 10.0  | 0.058
Tydemans Late Orange | England  | 1949  |  |  |  |  | 152 (Ontario, Canada)  |
Upright French  | Dorset, England  |  | Bittersweet  |  |  |  |  |
Vagon Archer  | England  |  | Bittersweet  |  |  |  |  |
Verdialona  | Spain  |  | Sweet  | 0.34  |  | 0.09  |  |
Vicky  | Somerset, England  | 2007  | Sweet  | 0.15  | 1050  | 0.14  | 125 (Somerset, England)  |
Vilberie  | France  | <1900  | Bittersweet TRI  | 0.27  | 1044 (Washington, US)  | 0.41  | 169 (Somerset, England), 148 (Washington, US)  |
Virginia Crab  |  |  | Bittersharp  | 0.91  | 1060 (Washington, US)  | 0.19  | 134 (Washington, US)  |
Wagener |  |  | Sharp  | 0.47  | 11.0  | 0.038
Weisser Trier Weinapfel  | Possibly Germany  | <1890  | Bittersharp  | 0.84  |  |  |  |
Welschisner  | Germany or Austria  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Whidbey  |  |  | Sharp  | 0.69  | 1049 (Washington, US)  | 0.12  | 134  |
Whimple Queen  | Devonshire  |  | Sweet  |  |  |  |  |
Whimple Wonder  | Devonshire  |  | Sweet  |  |  |  |  |
White Close Pippin  | Somerset or Devonshire, England  |  | Bittersweet  |  |  |  |  |
White Jersey  | Somerset, England  | 1895  | Bittersweet  | 0.29  | 1051  | 0.26  |  |
White Norman (a.k.a. White Hereford)  | Herefordshire, England  | <1900  | Bittersweet  | 0.20  | 1056 (Somerset, England)  | 0.32  | 155 (Somerset, England)  |
Winesap | US  | c. 1817 | Bittersharp  | 0.51  | 12.7  | 0.054  |  |
Winter Banana | Indiana, US  | 1876  | Sweet  | 0.41  | 12.9  | 0.076  |  |
Winterrambour  | Germany  | 1864  | Bittersweet  | 0.36  |  |  |  |
Woodbine 1 (a.k.a. Rice's Jersey)  | Somerset, England  |  | Sweet  | 0.29  | 1052 (Somerset, England)  | 0.15  |  |
Woodbine 2 (a.k.a. Slack-ma-Girdle)  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Woodcock | Gloucestershire, England  | c. 1600 |  |  |  |  |  |
Xuanina  | Spain  |  | Sharp  | 0.75  |  | 0.10  |  |
Yarlington Mill | Somerset, England  | 1898  | Bittersweet  | 0.22  | 1052 (Somerset, England), 1048 (Washington, US)  | 0.32  | 183 (Somerset, England), 139 (Ontario, Canada), 136 (Washington, US)  |
Yellow Elliot  | England  | <1700  |  |  |  |  |  |
Yellow Newtown |  |  | Sharp  | 0.56  | 11.0  | 0.040
Yeovil Sour  | Yeovil, Somerset, England  | c. 1824 | Bittersharp  | 0.55  | 1052 (Washington, US)  | 0.15  |  |
Zabergäu Renette | Germany  | 1875  | Sharp  | 0.79  | 1057 (Washington, US)  | 0.12  | 146 (Washington, US)  |

## Rootstock cultivars

[edit]

Selection of rootstock cultivars can be difficult: vigorous roots tend to give trees that are healthy but grow too tall to be harvested easily without careful pruning, while dwarfing rootstocks result in small trees that are easy to harvest from, but are often shorter-lived and sometimes less healthy. Most modern commercial orchards use one of the "Malling series" (a.k.a. 'M' series), introduced or developed by the East Malling Research Station from the early 20th century onward. However, a great deal of work has been done recently introducing new rootstocks in Poland, the U.S. (Geneva), and other nations. The Polish rootstocks are often used where cold hardiness is needed. The Geneva series of rootstocks has been developed to resist important diseases such as fireblight and collar rot, as well as for high fruit productivity.

## See also

[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Apple cultivars.

* Cooking apple
* Lists of cultivars
* List of apple dishes
* List of Japanese apple cultivars
* Welsh apples
* Food portal

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Elzebroek, A.T.G.; Wind, K. (2008). Guide to Cultivated Plants. Wallingford: CAB International. p. 27\. ISBN 978-1-84593-356-2. Archived from the original on 2023-03-05. Retrieved 2020-10-18.
2. ^ "AGM Plants - Ornamental" (PDF). Royal Horticultural Society. July 2017. p. 63\. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 May 2020. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
3. ^ Yan, Zhen; Zheng, Li-jing; Nie, Ji-yun; Li, Zhi-xia; Cheng, Yang (May 5, 2018). "Evaluation indices of sour flavor for apple fruit and grading standards". Journal of Integrative Agriculture. 17 (5): 994–1002\. Bibcode:2018JIAgr..17..994Y. doi:10.1016/S2095-3119(17)61795-7.
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6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc The New Book of Apples, 2002
7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb fc fd fe ff fg fh fi fj fk fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv fw fx fy fz ga gb gc gd ge gf gg gh gi gj gk gl gm gn go gp gq gr gs gt gu gv gw gx gy gz ha hb hc hd he hf hg hh hi hj hk hl hm hn ho hp hq hr hs ht hu hv hw hx John Bultitude, Apples, 1983
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10. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw Warder, American Pomology
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14. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh Bunyard, Hardy Fruits, 1920
15. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w Deutschlands Obstsorten
16. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay Nederlandse Fruitsoorten, 1942
17. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az Bordeianu, T., ed. (1964). Pomologia Republicii Populare Romine. Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romìne.
18. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah Erez, Temperate Fruit Crops
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22. ^ Gasic, Preece. HortScience 49(4):396-398 2014
23. ^ a b Brooks, Olmo. HortScience 13(5):522-524 1978
24. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar C.G. Dahl, Pomologi, 1929
25. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al A. Nilsson, Våra äpplesorter, 1986
26. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg Hedrick, Systematic Pomology, 1925
27. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb fc fd fe ff fg fh fi fj fk fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs The Apples of New York, 1905
28. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy Engelbrecht, Apfelsorten, 1889
29. ^ a b c d Näslund, Svenska äpplen, 2010
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32. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao Koloc, Apfelsorten, 1965
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156. ^ "RHS Plant Selector - Malus domestica 'King Russet'". Archived from the original on 10 January 2021. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
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158. ^ "Story of Lady Alice". Archived from the original on January 16, 2012.
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181. ^ "Prevedelli Fruit Co". Archived from the original on 2012-12-18. Retrieved 2012-12-19.
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183. ^ [Santa Cruz Sentinel, June 27, 2006: "Life changes after encounter with fairy-tale horses"]
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186. ^ "Index of /". riversnurseryorchard.org.uk. Archived from the original on 1 October 2018. Retrieved 20 August 2018.
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188. ^ "RHS Plant Selector - Malus domestica 'Pixie'". Archived from the original on 10 January 2021. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
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202. ^ Norsk Pomologi, 1943
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208. ^ Erwerbsobstbau, Nr 3, 1979
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219. ^ a b Gardeners Chronicle, 1927
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## Further reading

[edit]

Two of the most comprehensive publications on apple cultivars are: Khanizadeh, S. and J. Cousineau. 1998. "Our Apples/ Les Pommiers de Chez Nous", A Description of Over 250 Apple Cultivars Grown in Eastern and Central Canada Including 400 Coloured Photographs of the Fruits, Flowers and Leaves. Publisher Shahrokh Khanizadeh, 260 p. Ed: S. Khanizadeh. ISBN 0-660-60543-0.

* The New Book of Apples (ISBN 0-09-188398-9) by Dr Joan Morgan of The National Fruit Collection and Alison Richards.
* Directory of Apple Cultivars (ISBN 1-874275-40-8) by Martin Crawford of The Agroforestry Research Trust
* For Cider apples - "Cider Apples, The New Pomona" ISBN 978-0-9568994-2-2 by Liz Copas
* Apples (ISBN 0-393-03690-1) by Roger Yepsen. Text of apple history and descriptions with full-color watercolor illustrations of 90 apple varieties by Yepsen. W.W. Norton and Company, New York and London.
* "Old Southern Apples" (ISBN 978-0-939923-37-3) by Creighton Lee Calhoun Jr.
* Khanizadeh, S. and J. Cousineau. 1998. "Our Apples/ Les Pommiers de Chez Nous", A Description of Over 250 Apple Cultivars Grown in Eastern and Central Canada Including 400 Coloured Photographs of the Fruits, Flowers and Leaves. Publisher Shahrokh Khanizadeh, 260 p. Ed: S. Khanizadeh. ISBN 0-660-60543-0.
* Muranty, H., Denancé, C., Feugey, L., Crépin, J. L., Barbier, Y., Tartarini, S., ... Durel, C. E. (2020). Using whole-genome SNP data to reconstruct a large multi-generation pedigree in apple germplasm. BMC Plant Biology, 20(1), 1–18.

* v
* t
* e

Apples

* List of apple cultivars

Species|

* Malus domestica
* Malus niedzwetzkyana
* Malus sieversii

Table apples|

* Adams Pearmain
* Aia Ilu
* Airlie Red Flesh
* Akane
* Åkerö
* Alkmene
* Allington Pippin
* Ambrosia
* Anna
* Annurca
* Ariane
* Arkansas Black
* Ashmead's Kernel
* Aurora Golden Gala
* Autumn Bough
* Autumn Glory
* Baldwin
* Beacon
* Beauty of Bath
* Belle de Boskoop
* Bellflower
* Ben Davis
* Birgit Bonnier
* Braeburn
* Brina
* Cameo
* Champion
* Civni (Rubens)
* Claygate Pearmain
* Clivia
* Cornish Aromatic
* Cornish Gilliflower
* Cortland
* Cosmic Crisp
* Court Pendu Plat
* Cox's Orange Pippin
* Crimson Gold
* Cripps Red
* Cripps Pink (Pink Lady)
* Delbard Jubilée
* Delbarestivale
* Delrouval
* Devonshire Quarrenden
* Discovery
* Dorsett Golden
* Dougherty
* Duchess of Oldenburg
* Dumelow's Seedling
* Egremont Russet
* Ellison's Orange
* Elstar
* Empire
* Enterprise
* Envy
* Esopus Spitzenburg
* Eva
* EverCrisp
* Fiesta
* Filippa
* Flamenco
* Florina
* Fuji
* Gala
* Gascoyne's Scarlet
* Geheimrat Dr. Oldenburg
* Ginger Gold
* Golden Delicious
* Golden Orange
* Goldspur
* Granny Smith
* Gravenstein
* Grimes Golden
* Haralson
* Hokuto
* Honeycrisp
* Honeygold
* Idared
* Ingrid Marie
* James Grieve
* Jazz
* Jersey Black
* Jonadel
* Jonagold
* Jonathan
* Jubilee
* Julieta
* Jupiter
* Kanzi
* Karmijn de Sonnaville
* Kidd's Orange Red
* King of the Pippins
* Knobby Russet
* Lady Alice
* Laxton's Superb
* Liberty
* Liveland Raspberry
* Lodi
* Lord Lambourne
* Lucombe's Seedling
* Macoun
* McIntosh
* Melba
* Melrose
* Mutsu
* Newtown Pippin
* Nicola
* Opal
* Sciros (Pacific Rose)
* Pam's Delight
* Papirovka
* Paula Red
* Pink Pearl
* Pinova
* Prima
* Pristine
* Rajka
* Ralls Janet
* Rambo
* Rave
* Red Astrachan
* Red Delicious
* Red Pineapple
* Redlove apples
* Rhode Island Greening
* Ribston Pippin
* Roxbury Russet
* Sandow
* Sansa
* Sekai Ichi
* Spartan
* Splendour
* Star of Devon
* Stayman
* Sturmer Pippin
* SugarBee
* Summerfree
* Sundowner
* Sunset
* Suntan
* SweeTango
* Taliaferro
* Tartu Rose
* Tentation
* Tompkins King
* Topaz
* Wealthy
* Winesap
* Winston
* Worcester Pearmain
* Wyken Pippin
* York Imperial
* Zestar

Cooking apples|

* Antonovka
* Bismarck
* Blenheim Orange
* Bramley
* Calville Blanc d'hiver
* Campanino
* Cellini
* Chelmsford Wonder
* Costard
* Creston
* Crimson Bramley
* Flower of Kent
* Golden Noble
* Granny Smith
* Grenadier
* King Byerd
* Manks Codlin
* Newton Wonder
* Norfolk Biffin
* Northern Spy
* Reinette du Canada
* Rome
* Upton Pyne
* White Transparent
* Wolf River

Cider apples|

* Brown Snout
* Cap of Liberty
* Chisel Jersey
* Coccagee
* Crimson King
* Dabinett
* Dufflin
* Ellis Bitter
* Foxwhelp
* Golden Russet
* Golden Spire
* Hangdown
* Harrison Cider
* Kingston Black
* Major
* Michelin
* Poveshon
* Redstreak
* Slack-ma-Girdle
* Styre
* Tom Putt
* Woodcock
* Yarlington Mill

Ornamental apple|

* Flamenco
* Goldspur
* Wijcik McIntosh

Apple products|

| Food|

* Apfelküchle
* Apple butter
* Apple cake
* Apple cheese
* Apple chip
* Apple cider vinegar
* Apple crisp
* Apple dumpling
* Apple flour
* Apple pie
* Apple sauce
* Apple seed oil
* Apple strudel
* Apples and honey
* Baked apple
* Brown Betty
* Candy apple
* Caramel apple
* Eve's pudding
* Himmel und Erde
* Jewish apple cake
* Pectin

|

Drink|

* Apfelwein
* Apple cider
* Apple juice
* Applejack
* Calvados
* Cider
* Ice cider
* Pommeau

Agriculture|

* Apple picking
* Apple scab
* Applecrab
* Arctic Apples
* Fruit tree pruning
* Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae
* Johnny Appleseed
* Malling series
* Malus
* Pearmain
* Pollination
* Pome
* PRI disease resistant apple breeding program
* Reinette
* Russeting
* USApple Association
* Lists
* Countries by apple production
* Apple diseases

* Apples
* Cultivars
* Production

* v
* t
* e

Breeds and cultivars

* Lists of breeds
* Lists of cultivars

Methods|

* Backcrossing
* Crossbreed
* Inbreeding
* Marker-assisted selection
* Mutation breeding
* Outcrossing
* Preservation breeding
* Selective breeding
* Smart breeding (Marker-assisted selection)
* Hybrid
* Purebred

Animal breeds|

* Cat
* Cattle
* Chicken
* Dog
* breeding
* Donkey
* Duck
* Goat
* Goose
* Guinea pig
* Horse
* breeding
* Pig
* Pigeon
* breeding
* Rabbit
* Sheep
* Turkey
* Water buffalo

* Backyard breeder
* Breed standard
* Breeding back
* Breeding pair
* Breeding program
* Captive breeding
* Designer crossbreed

Plant cultivars|

* Apple
* Japanese
* Banana
* Basil
* Callistemon
* Canna
* Cannabis
* Capsicum
* Cherimoya
* Citrus
* hybrids
* Coffee
* Cucumber
* Gazania
* Grape
* Grevillea
* Hop
* Mango
* Narcissus (daffodils)
* Nemesia
* Nepenthes
* Olives
* Onion
* Pear
* Rice
* Rose
* breeders
* cultivars
* Strawberry
* Sweet potato
* Sweetcorn
* Tomato
* Venus flytrap

Selection methods
and genetics|

* Culling
* Marker-assisted selection
* Natural selection
* balancing
* directional
* disruptive
* negative
* selective sweep
* stabilizing
* Selection methods in plant breeding
* Genotype
* Phenotype
* Dominance
* Codominance
* Epistasis
* Dwarfing
* Heterosis
* Outbreeding depression
* Inbreeding depression
* Recessive trait
* Sex linkage
* F1 hybrid

Other|

* Breed registry
* Breeder
* profession
* animal
* Eugenics
* Germline
* Heirloom plant
* Landrace
* Rare breed
* Tree breeding

*[a.k.a.]: also known as
*[c.]: circa
*[fr.]: French
*[fr]: French
*[nl.]: Dutch
*[ru.]: Russian
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