List of astronomical observatories

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Legend

Space observatory
Gravitational-wave detector
Antimatter observatory
Airborne observatory
Radio observatory
Microwave observatory
Ground-based observatory
Solar observatory
Neutrino detector
Cosmic-ray observatory
Educational observatory

This is a partial list of astronomical observatories ordered by name, along with initial dates of operation (where an accurate date is available) and location. The list also includes a final year of operation for many observatories that are no longer in operation. While other sciences, such as volcanology and meteorology, also use facilities called observatories for research and observations, this list is limited to observatories that are used to observe celestial objects.

Astronomical observatories are mainly divided into four categories: space-based, airborne, ground-based, and underground-based.

Many modern telescopes and observatories are located in space to observe astronomical objects in wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum that cannot penetrate the Earth's atmosphere (such as ultraviolet radiation, X-rays, and gamma rays) and are thus impossible to observe using ground-based telescopes.[1] Being above the atmosphere, these space observatories can also avoid the effects of atmospheric turbulence that plague ground based telescopes, although new generations of adaptive optics telescopes have since then dramatically improved the situation on the ground. The space high vacuum environment also frees the detectors from the ancestral diurnal cycle due to the atmospheric blue light background of the sky, thereby increasing significantly the observation time.

An intermediate variant is the airborne observatory, specialised in the infrared wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum, that conduct observations above the part of the atmosphere containing water vapor that absorbs them, in the stratosphere.

Historically, astronomical observatories consisted generally in a building or group of buildings where observations of astronomical objects such as sunspots, planets, asteroids, comets, stars, nebulae, and galaxies in the visible wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum were conducted. At first, for millennia, astronomical observations have been made with naked eyes. Then with the discovery of optics, with the help of different types of refractor telescopes and later with reflector telescopes. Their use allowed to dramatically increase both the collecting power and limit of resolution, thus the brightness, level of detail and apparent angular size of distant celestial objects allowing them to be better studied and understood. Following the development of modern physics, new ground-based facilities have been constructed to conduct research in the radio and microwave wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum, with radio telescopes and dedicated microwave telescopes.

Modern astrophysics has extended the field of study of celestial bodies to non-electromagnetic vectors, such as neutrinos, neutrons and cosmic rays or gravitational waves. Thus, new types of observatories have been developed. Interferometers are at the core of gravitational wave detectors. In order to limit the natural or artificial background noise, most particle detector based observatories are built deep underground.

## Observatories

[edit]

Name  | Established  | Location

|
|

Abastumani Astrophysical Observatory | 1932  | Abastumani, Georgia
Abu Reyhan-e Birooni Observatory | 1976  | Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
Adirondack Public Observatory |  | Tupper Lake, New York, US
Aditya-L1 | 2023  | Sun-Earth L1
Adolphson Observatory | 2013  | Monmouth, Illinois, US
Airdrie Public Observatory | 1896  | Airdrie, Scotland, UK
Aker Observatory | 1995  | Safford, Arizona, US
Aldershot Observatory | 1906  | Aldershot, Hampshire, England, UK
Algonquin Radio Observatory | 1959  | Algonquin Provincial Park, Ontario, Canada
Allegheny Observatory | 1859  | Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, US
Ametlla de Mar Observatory | 1992  | l'Ametlla de Mar, Catalonia, Spain
AMiBA | 2006  | Mauna Loa, Hawaii, US
Anderson Mesa Station | 1959  | Flagstaff, Arizona, US
Andrushivka Astronomical Observatory | 2001  | Andrushivka, Zhytomyr Oblast, Ukraine
Angell Hall Observatory | 1927  | Ann Arbor, Michigan, US
Ankara University Observatory | 1963  | Gölbaşı, Ankara, Turkey
Antarctic Muon and Neutrino Detector Array | 2002  | Antarctica
Antarctic Submillimeter Telescope and Remote Observatory | 1994–2005  | Antarctica
ANTARES | 2008  | In the Mediterranean Sea near Toulon, France
Apache-Sitgreaves Observatory | 2005  | Overgaard, Arizona, US
Apache Point Observatory | 1985  | Sunspot, New Mexico, US
Apatity Cosmic-Ray Station |  | Apatity, Russia
Apollo Observatory | 1969  | Dayton, Ohio, US
Arcetri Observatory |  | Arcetri, Florence, Italy
Arecibo Observatory | 1963  | Arecibo, Puerto Rico, US
Argentine Institute of Radio Astronomy | 1966  | Berazategui Partido, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina
Armagh Observatory | 1790  | Armagh, UK
Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences | 1954  | Nainital, Uttarakhand, India
Ashton Observatory | 1983  | Baxter, Iowa, US
Asiago Astrophysical Observatory | 1942  | Asiago, Italy
Assheton Observatory | 1860  | Lancashire, UK
Astron (defunct) | 1983–1989  | Highly eccentric Earth orbit
Astronomical Observatory Aurora | 2011  | Hechingen, Germany
Astronomical Observatory of Lisbon | 1867  | Lisbon, Portugal
Astronomy Centre | 1982  | Todmorden, England
Astronomy Tower of the Sorbonne | 1885–1909 (only for amateur use since 1980)  | Paris, France
Astrophysical Institute Potsdam | 1992  | Potsdam, Germany
Atacama Pathfinder Experiment (APEX) | 2003  | Llano de Chajnantor Observatory, Chile
Australia Telescope Compact Array | 1988  | Narrabri, Australia
Australian Astronomical Observatory | 1971  | Coonabarabran, Australia
Badlands Observatory | 2000  | Quinn, South Dakota, US
Baikal Deep Underwater Neutrino Telescope | 1993  | Baikal Lake, Russia
Bangladesh Astronomical Observatory[2] | 2015  | Dhaka, Bangladesh
Baker Observatory | 1980  | Marshfield, Missouri, US
Baksan Neutrino Observatory | 1977  | Prielbrusye, Baksan Valley, Russia
Ball State University Observatory |  | Muncie, Indiana, US
Barnard Observatory (defunct) | 1859  | Oxford, Mississippi, US
Bareket Observatory | 1990  | Maccabim, Israel
Barnett Observatory | 1960  | Chesterfield, England, UK
Bayfordbury Observatory | 1969  | Hertfordshire, England, UK
Behlen Observatory | 1972  | Mead, Nebraska, US
Beijing Astronomical Observatory | 1958  | Beijing, China
Beijing Ancient Observatory | 1442  | Beijing, China
Belgrade Observatory | 1887  | Belgrade, Serbia
Belogradchik Observatory | 1961  | Belogradchik, Bulgaria
Benmore Peak Observatory | 1996  | Mackenzie Basin, South Island, New Zealand
BeppoSAX (defunct) | 1996–2003  | Low Earth orbit
Bergisch Gladbach Observatory | 1995  | Bergisch Gladbach, Germany
Berlin Observatory | 1711  | Berlin, Germany
Besançon Observatory | 1882  | Besançon, France
Bidston Observatory | 1849  | Bidston, England, UK
Big Bear Lake Solar Observatory | 1969  | Big Bear City, California, US
Bisdee Tier Optical Astronomy Observatory | 2010  | Bisdee Tier, Spring Hill, Tasmania, Australia
Black Moshannon Observatory (defunct) | 1972  | Pennsylvania, US
Blackett Observatory | 1930s  | Wiltshire, England, UK
Blue Mesa Observatory (defunct) | 1967  | New Mexico, US
Boambee Observatory | 1987  | Boambee, New South Wales, Australia
Bohyunsan Optical Astronomy Observatory (BOAO)  | 1996  | Youngchun, South Korea
BOOTES | 1985  | Spain
Bordeaux Observatory | 1878  | Floirac, France
Bosscha Observatory | 1923  | Lembang, West Java, Indonesia
Boswell Observatory (defunct) | 1883  | Crete, Nebraska, US
Bowman Observatory | 1940  | Greenwich, Connecticut, US
Boyden Observatory | 1889  | Bloemfontein, South Africa
Bradstreet Observatory | 1996  | St. Davids, Pennsylvania, US
Brackett Observatory | 1908  | Pomona College, Claremont, California, US[3][4]
Bradley Observatory | 1950  | Decatur, Georgia, US
Braeside Observatory (defunct) | 1976  | Flagstaff, Arizona, US
Brera Observatory | 1764  | Milan, Italy
Bridgewater State University Observatory | 2012  | Bridgewater, Massachusetts, US
Brooks Observatory |  | Toledo, Ohio, US
Brooks Astronomical Observatory | 1964  | Mount Pleasant, Michigan, US
Brorfelde Observatory | 1953  | Holbæk, Denmark
Bucharest Astronomical Observatory | 1910  | Bucharest, Romania
Bucknell Observatory |  | Lewisburg, Pennsylvania, US
Burrell Memorial Observatory | 1940  | Berea, Ohio, US
Byurakan Observatory | 1946  | Mount Aragats, Armenia
Cagigal Observatory | 1888  | Caracas, Venezuela
Cagliari Observatory | 1899  | Cagliari, Sardinia, Italy
Calais Observatory (defunct) | 1857  | Calais, Maine, US
Calar Alto Observatory | 1975  | Almería, Spain
Caltech Submillimeter Observatory (defunct) | 1986  | Mauna Kea, Hawaii, US
Cambridge Observatory | 1823  | Cambridge, UK
Camille Flammarion Observatory | 1883  | Juvisy-sur-Orge, France
Campbelltown Rotary Observatory | 2000  | Campbelltown, NSW, Australia
Campo Imperatore Near-Earth Object Survey | 2001  | Campo Imperatore, Italy
Canopus Hill Observatory |  | Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
Capilla Peak Observatory | 1947  | Albuquerque, New Mexico, US
Capodimonte Observatory | 1812  | Naples, Italy
Carter Observatory | 1937  | Wellington, New Zealand
Catania Astrophysical Observatory |  | Catania, Italy
Cawthron Atkinson Observatory | 1883  | Nelson, New Zealand
Celestial Observatory |  | Russellville, Arkansas, US
Centennial Observatory | 2004  | Twin Falls, Idaho, US
Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian | 1973  | Cambridge, Massachusetts, US
Cerro Armazones Observatory | 1995  | Atacama Desert, Chile
Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory | 1962  | Atacama Desert, Chile
Cerro Pachón Observatory | 2000  | Atacama Desert, Chile
Chabot Space & Science Center | 1883  | Oakland, California, US
Chamberlin Observatory | 1890  | Denver, Colorado, US
Changchun Astronomical Observatory |  | Changchun, Jilin Province, China
Chandra X-ray Observatory | 1999  | Highly eccentric Earth orbit
Chianti Polifunctional Observatory | 2013  | San Donato in Poggio, Florence, Italy
Chico Community Observatory | 2001  | Chico, California, US
Chilbolton Observatory | 1967  | Chilbolton, UK
Cima Ekar Observing Station | 1966  | Asiago, Italy
Cincinnati Observatory | 1843  | Cincinnati, Ohio, US
City Observatory, Edinburgh  | 1818  | Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
Clarke Observatory | 1897 / 1923  | Dunkirk, New York / Alliance, Ohio, US
Class of 1951 Observatory | 1997  | Poughkeepsie, New York, US
Cloudcroft Observatory (defunct) | 1962  | New Mexico, US
Coats Observatory | 1883  | Paisley, Scotland, UK
Coit Observatory |  | Boston, Massachusetts, US
Collins Observatory | 2003  | Corning, New York, US
Collm Observatory |  | Leipzig, Germany
Colombo University Observatory | 1920s  | Colombo, Sri Lanka
Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory (defunct) | 1991–2000  | Low Earth orbit
ÇOMÜ Ulupınar Observatory | 2002  | Çanakkale, Turkey
Concordia College Observatory |  | Moorhead, Minnesota, US
Consell Observatory | 1987  | Majorca, Spain
Copenhagen University Observatory | 1861  | Copenhagen, Denmark
Cordell–Lorenz Observatory |  | Sewanee, Tennessee, US
COROT | 2006  | Polar orbit
Cosmic Background Imager (CBI) (defunct) | 1999  | Llano de Chajnantor Observatory, Chile
Côte d'Azur Observatory | 1988  | France
Crane Observatory |  | Topeka, Kansas, US
Crawford Observatory | 1880  | Cork, Ireland
Creighton University Observatory (defunct) | 1886–1955  | Omaha, Nebraska, US
Crimean Astrophysical Observatory | 1945  | Nauchnyi, Crimea
Črni Vrh Observatory | 1975  | Idrija, Slovenia
Cupillari Observatory |  | La Plume, Pennsylvania, US
Custer Observatory | 1927  | Southold, New York, US
The Cyprus Planetarium & Observatory  | 2023  | Nicosia, Cyprus
Daniel S. Schanck Observatory (defunct) | 1865  | Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, US
Daniel Scholl Observatory (defunct) | 1886–1966  | Lancaster, Pennsylvania, US
Daocheng Solar Radio Telescope  | 2022  | Daocheng County, Garze Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province, China.
Dark Sky Observatory | 1981  | Phillips Gap, Wilkes County, North Carolina, US
Dark Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) | 2015  | 500 km LEO
Darling's Observatory (defunct) | 1917  | Duluth, Minnesota, US
Dearborn Observatory | 1889  | Evanston, Illinois, US
Detroit Observatory | 1854  | Ann Arbor, Michigan, US
David Dunlap Observatory | 1935  | Richmond Hill, Ontario, Canada
Dome C |  | Antarctica
Dominion Observatory | 1905  | Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Dominion Astrophysical Observatory | 1918  | Saanich, British Columbia, Canada
Dominion Radio Astrophysical Observatory | 1960  | Kaleden, British Columbia, Canada
Dunsink Observatory | 1785  | Dublin, Ireland
Durham University Observatory | 1839  | Durham, UK
Dyer Observatory | 1953  | Brentwood, Tennessee, US
Effelsberg 100-m Radio Telescope | 1972  | Bonn, Germany
Ege University Observatory | 1965  | Kemalpaşa, İzmir, Turkey
Einstein Probe | 2024  | Low Earth orbit
Einstein Observatory (defunct) | 1978  | Low Earth orbit
Elginfield Observatory | 1969  | Middlesex Centre, Ontario, Canada
Ellis Observatory | 2004  | Sterling Hill Mining Museum, Ogdensburg, New Jersey, US
Embry-Riddle Observatory | 2005  | Daytona Beach, Florida, US
Entoto Observatory Space Science Research Center | 2012  | Mount Entoto, Ethiopia
Eskdalemuir Observatory | 1908  | Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland, UK
Euclid Telescope | 2023  | Earth–Sun L2 Lagrangian point
European Southern Observatory

* La Silla Observatory
* New Technology Telescope
* Llano de Chajnantor Observatory
* Very Large Telescope
* Paranal Observatory
* European Extremely Large Telescope

| 1962

* 1969
* 1989
* 2005
* 1998
* 1999
* 2026

| Atacama Desert, Chile
Fabra Observatory | 1906  | Barcelona, Spain
Fan Mountain Observatory | 1966  | Albemarle County, Virginia, US
Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope | 2013  | Duyun, Pingtang County, Guizhou Province, China
Félix Aguilar Observatory | 1965  | San Juan, Argentina
Fernbank Observatory |  | Atlanta, Georgia, US
Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope | 2008  | Low Earth orbit
Fick Observatory | 1966  | Boone, Iowa, US
Five College Radio Astronomy Observatory (defunct) | 1976–2011  | New Salem, Massachusetts, US
Flarestar Observatory |  | San Gwann, Malta
Foggy Bottom Observatory | 1951  | Hamilton, New York, US
Foothill Observatory |  | Los Altos Hills, California, US
Ford Observatory | 1998  | Ithaca, New York, US
Fox Observatory |  | Sunrise, Florida, US
Fox Park Public Observatory | 1999  | Potterville, Michigan, US
Francis Marion University Observatory | 1982  | Florence, South Carolina, US
Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory | 1968  | Mount Hopkins, Arizona, US
Fremont Peak Observatory | 1986  | San Juan Bautista, California, US
Frosty Drew Observatory | 1980s  | Charlestown, Rhode Island, US
Fuertes Observatory | 1917  | Ithaca, New York, US
Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX)  | 2003  | Caltech, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California, US
Gaocheng Astronomical Observatory | 1276  | Dengfeng, Henan, China
Gauribidanur Radio Observatory | 1976  | Gauribidanur, Karnataka, India
Gemini Observatory | 1999  | Southern Operations Center: La Serena, Chile; Northern Operations Center: Hilo, Hawaii, US
George Observatory  | 1989  | Brazos Bend State Park, near Houston, Texas, US
Giant Meterwave Radio Telescope (GMRT) | 1995  | Pune, Maharashtra, India
Gifford Observatory | 1912  | Wellington, New Zealand
Girawali Observatory | 2006  | Pune, Maharashtra, India
Glen D. Riley Observatory | 1973  | Naperville, Illinois, US
Godlee Observatory | 1902  | Manchester, England, UK
Goodsell Observatory | 1887  | Northfield, Minnesota, US
Goethe Link Observatory | 1939  | Brooklyn, Indiana, US
Goldendale Observatory | 1973  | Goldendale, Washington, US
Gornergrat (HFSJG) (defunct) | 1967–2005  | Gornergrat, Switzerland
Granat (defunct) | 1989–1999  | Highly eccentric Earth orbit
Gran Telescopio Canarias | 2006  | Canary Islands, Spain
Grant O. Gale Observatory | 1984  | Grinnell, Iowa, US
Green Bank Telescope |  | Green Bank, West Virginia, US
Green Point Observatory | 1961  | Sutherland, New South Wales, Australia
Grenfell Observatory | 2012  | Corner Brook, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
Griffith Observatory | 1935  | Los Angeles, California, US
Guillermo Haro Observatory | 1972  | Cananea, Sonora, Mexico
Gyarah Sidi |  | Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India
HALCA (defunct) | 1997–2005  | Elliptical Earth-centered orbit
Haleakala Observatory |  | Maui, Hawaii, US
Halley Observatory | 1987  | Heesch, Netherlands
Hamburg Observatory | 1803  | Hamburg, Germany
Hat Creek Radio Observatory | 1950s  | Shasta County, California, US
Hard Labor Creek Observatory |  | Atlanta, Georgia, US
Space Hard X-Ray Modulation Telescope (HXMT) | 2017  | 550 km LEO
Hartung–Boothroyd Observatory | 1974  | Ithaca, New York, US
Hartebeesthoek Radio Astronomy Observatory | 1961  | Gauteng, South Africa
Hartwell House | 1831  | Hartwell, Buckinghamshire, UK
Harvard College Observatory | 1839  | Cambridge, Massachusetts, US
Haute-Provence Observatory | 1937  | Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, France
Haystack Observatory | 1964  | Westford, Massachusetts, US
Hector J Robinson Observatory | 1964  | Lincoln Park, Michigan, US
Helium and Lead Observatory | 2012  | Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
Helmos Observatory | 2007  | Mount Helmos, Greece
Helsinki University Observatory | 1834  | Helsinki/Kirkkonummi, Finland
Herrett Observatory | 2004  | Twin Falls, Idaho, US
Herschel Space Observatory | 2009  | Earth–Sun L2 point
Hidden Valley Observatory | 1960s  | Rapid City, South Dakota, US
Hida Observatory, Kyoto University[5] | 1968  | Takayama, Gifu, Japan
Heyden Observatory, Georgetown University | 1844  | Washington, D.C., US
High Altitude Water Cherenkov Observatory | 2015  | Sierra Negra, Puebla, Mexico
High Energy Stereoscopic System | 2002  | Khomas Region, Namibia
Highland Road Park Observatory | 1997  | Baton Rouge, Louisiana, US
Hinode | 2006  | Low Earth orbit
Hirsch Observatory | 1942  | Troy, New York, US
Hobbs Observatory | 1974  | Fall Creek, Wisconsin, US
Hoher List Observatory | 1954  | Daun, Germany
Holcomb Observatory and Planetarium | 1954  | Indianapolis, Indiana, US
Hong Kong Observatory | 1883  | Tsim Sha Tsui, Kowloon, Hong Kong
Hoober Observatory | 1993  | Rotherham, UK
Hopkins Observatory | 1838  | Williamstown, Massachusetts, US
Howell Observatory |  | Starkville, Mississippi, US
Hradec Králové Observatory | 1961  | Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
Huairou Solar Observing Station |  | Beijing, China
Hubble Space Telescope | 1990  | Low Earth orbit
Huggins Observatory defunct | 1856  | London, England, UK
Hume Cronyn Memorial Observatory | 1940  | London, Ontario, Canada
Hyde Memorial Observatory | 1977  | Lincoln, Nebraska, US
IceCube Neutrino Observatory | 2010  | Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station, Antarctica
Indian Astronomical Observatory | 2001  | Hanle, Ladakh, India
Insperity Observatory | 2008  | Humble, Texas, US
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias | 1975  | Canary Islands, Spain
INTEGRAL | 2002  | Highly eccentric Earth orbit
Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS) (defunct) | January–November 1983  | Earth orbit
Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) (defunct) | 1995–1998  | Earth orbit
Innsbruck Observatory |  | Innsbruck, Austria
IRAM 30m telescope | 1984  | Pico Veleta, Spain
IRAM Plateau de Bure Interferometer | 1988  | Gap, Hautes-Alpes, France
Iranian National Observatory | 2017  | Mount Gargash, Iran
Isaac Newton Group of Telescopes | 1979  | La Palma, Spain
Isasc Roberts' Observatory (defunct) | 1890  | Crowborough, UK
Iso-Heikkilä Observatory (defunct) | 1935 (only amateur use since 1972)  | Turku, Finland
Constantinople Observatory of Taqi ad-Din | 1577  | Constantinople, Turkey
Istanbul University Observatory | 1936  | Istanbul, Turkey
Istituto Ricerche Solari Locarno, IRSOL | 1960  | Locarno, Switzerland
IXPE | 2021  | Earth orbit
Jack C. Davis Observatory | 2002  | Carson City, Nevada, US
Astronomical Observatory of the Jagiellonian University | 1792  | Kraków, Poland
James Clerk Maxwell Telescope | 1987  | Mauna Kea, Hawaii, US
James Gregory Telescope | 1962  | St. Andrews, UK
James Webb Space Telescope | 2021  | Earth–Sun L2 Lagrangian point
James Wylie Shepherd Observatory | 2009  | Montevallo, Alabama, US
Jakarta Observatory | 1968  | Jakarta, Indonesia
Jantar Mantar | 1727  | Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
Jena Observatory | 1962  | Jena, Germany
Jewett Observatory | 1953  | Pullman, Washington, US
Jodrell Bank Observatory | 1945  | Cheshire, England, UK
JAC Johor Astronomy | 2014  | Johor, Malaysia
Jones Observatory | 1936  | Chattanooga, Tennessee, US
Jordan Hall of Science | 2006  | Notre Dame, Indiana, US
Judson B. Coit Observatory |  | Boston, Massachusetts, US
KAIRA | 2011  | Kilpisjarvi, Finland
Khajeh Nasiredin Observatory | ~1980  | Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran
Kamioka Observatory | 1983  | Hida, Gifu, Japan
Kanzelhoehe Solar Observatory | 1943  | Villach, Austria
Karl Schwarzschild Observatory | 1960  | Jena, Germany
Keck Observatory | 1993  | Mauna Kea, Hawaii, US
Keeble Observatory | 1963  | Ashland, Virginia, US
Keele Observatory | 1962  | Keele University, England, UK
Kennon Observatory | 1939  | Oxford, Mississippi, US
Kepler Space Observatory | 2009  | Earth-trailing heliocentric orbit
Kevola Observatory | 1963  | Kevola, Finland
Kielder Observatory | 2008  | Kielder Forest, Northumberland, England, UK
King's Observatory (defunct) | 1769  | Greater London, England, UK
Kirkwood Observatory | 1901  | Bloomington, Indiana, US
Kitami Observatory | 1987  | Hokkaidō, Japan
Kitt Peak National Observatory | 1958  | Tucson, Arizona, US
Kleť Observatory | 1957  | České Budějovice, Czech Republic
Kodaikanal Solar Observatory | 1899  | Palani, Tamil Nadu, India
Konkoly Observatory | 1871  | Budapest, Hungary
Kopernik Observatory & Science Center | 1974  | Vestal, New York, US
KOSMA observatory | 1985–2010  | Gornergrat, Switzerland
Kottamia Astronomical Observatory | 1964  | Cairo Governorate, Egypt
Kryoneri Observatory | 1972  | Mount Kyllini, Greece
Kuffner observatory | 1884  | Vienna, Austria
Kuiper Airborne Observatory (retired)  | 1974  | 14 km in the stratosphere
Kwasan Observatory, Kyoto University[6] | 1929  | Kyoto, Japan
Kvistaberg Observatory | 1948  | Bro, Sweden
Kyung Hee Observatory | 1992  | Seoul, South Korea
Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble | 2001  | Grenoble, France
Observatorio de La Cañada (La Cañada Observatory)  | 2002  | Ávila, Spain
Ladd Observatory | 1891  | Providence, Rhode Island, US
Lake Afton Public Observatory | 1979  | Wichita, Kansas, US
Lamont–Hussey Observatory (defunct) | 1928  | Bloemfontein, South Africa
Landessternwarte Heidelberg-Königstuhl | 1898  | Königstuhl, Heidelberg, Germany
Landolt Astronomical Observatory | 1939[7] | Baton Rouge, Louisiana, US
La Plata Astronomical Observatory | 1883  | La Plata, Argentina
La Silla Observatory | 1969  | Atacama Desert, Chile
Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) | 2019  | Daocheng County, Sichuan, China
Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fibre Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) | 2009  | Xinglong Station, Hebei, China
Large Millimeter Telescope |  | Sierra Negra, Puebla, Mexico
Las Brisas Observatory | 1979  | Colorado, US
Las Campanas Observatory |  | La Serena, Chile
Langkawi National Observatory | 2012  | Langkawi Island, Malaysia
Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope | 2005  | Global network
Laws Observatory | 1880  | Columbia, Missouri, US
Leander McCormick Observatory | 1885  | Mount Jefferson, Charlottesville, Virginia, US
Lee Observatory | 1873  | American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
Leiden Observatory | 1633  | Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
Leipzig Observatory |  | Leipzig, Germany
Leoncito Astronomical Complex | 1986  | Calingasta, San Juan, Argentina
Levenhagen Observatory |  | Seattle, Washington, US
Lick Observatory | 1881  | Mount Hamilton, San Jose, California, US
LightBuckets (commercial observatory)  | 2007  | Rodeo, New Mexico, US
LIGO | 1999 | Hanford Site, Washington, US & Livingston, Louisiana, US, US
Lindheimer Astrophysical Research Center (defunct) | 1966–1995  | Evanston, Illinois, US
Llano de Chajnantor Observatory | 2005  | Atacama Desert, Chile
Llano del Hato National Astronomical Observatory | 1975  | Mérida, Venezuela
Lockyer Technology Centre | 2010  | Sidmouth, Devon, England, UK
Long Wavelength Array | 2010  | Socorro, New Mexico, US
Longa Vista Observatory | 2010  | Itatiba, SP, Brazil
Lowell Observatory

* Anderson Mesa Station

| 1894

* 1959

| Flagstaff, Arizona, US
Lucknow (King of Oudh's) Observatory  | 1832–1848  | Lucknow, India
Lulin Observatory | 1999  | Mount Lulin, Taiwan
Lund Observatory | 1749  | Lund, Sweden
Luoxue Mountain Cosmic Rays Research Center | 1953  | Luoxue Mountain, Yunnan Province, China
Lyon Observatory | 1878  | Saint-Genis-Laval, France
Macalester College Observatory |  | Saint Paul, Minnesota, US
Macfarlane Observatory defunct | 1757  | Glasgow, Scotland, UK
Magdalena Ridge Observatory (under construction)  | 2006  | Socorro County, New Mexico, US
Majorca Observatory | 1991  | Majorca, Spain
Malakoff Tower | 1845  | Recife, Brazil
Manastash Ridge Observatory | 1972  | Ellensburg, Washington, US
Manuel Foster Observatory (defunct) | 1903  | Santiago, Chile
Maragheh Observatory | 1259  | Maragheh, Iran
Margaret M. Jacoby Observatory | 1978  | Warwick, Rhode Island, US
Maria Mitchell Observatory | 1908  | Nantucket, Massachusetts, US
Marina Towers Observatory (Not In Use) | 1989  | Maritime Quarter, Swansea, Wales, UK
Markree Observatory (defunct) | 1837  | County Sligo, Ireland
Marseille Observatory |  | Marseille, France
Martz Observatory |  | Chautauqua County, New York, US
Mauna Kea Observatory | 1967  | Mauna Kea, Hawaii, US
Mauna Loa Solar Observatory |  | Hawaii, US
Maynard F. Jordan Observatory | 1901  | Orono, Maine, US
McDonald Observatory |  | Davis Mountains, Texas, US
McKim Observatory | 1884  | Greencastle, Indiana, US
McMath–Hulbert Solar Observatory | 1930  | Lake Angelus, Michigan, US
MDM Observatory |  | Kitt Peak, Arizona, US
Mead Observatory | 2001  | Columbus, Georgia, US
Medicina Radio Observatory | 1965  | Medicina, Bologna, Italy
Mees Observatory |  | Rochester, New York, US
Mehalso Observatory |  | Erie, Pennsylvania, US
Melbourne Observatory | 1862  | Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Melton Memorial Observatory | 1928  | Columbia, South Carolina, US
Mendenhall Observatory | 2002  | Stillwater, Oklahoma, US
Menke Observatory | 1994  | Davenport, Iowa, US
Metsähovi Observatory | 1966  | Kirkkonummi, Finland
Meudon Observatory | 1876  | Meudon, France
Meyer–Womble Observatory | 1996  | Mount Evans, Colorado, US
Michigan State University Observatory | 1969  | East Lansing, Michigan, US
Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées

* Pic du Midi Observatory
* Toulouse Observatory

* 1878
* 1733

| Headquarters: Toulouse, France

* Pyrenees, France
* Toulouse, France

Milagro | 1999  | Los Alamos, New Mexico, US
Miller Observatory | 1976  | Maiden, North Carolina, US
Mills Observatory | 1938  | Dundee, Scotland, UK
Mind's Eye Observatory IAU W42 | 2018  | Sebastian, Florida, US
MMT Observatory | 1979  | Mount Hopkins, Arizona, US
Modine-Benstead Observatory | 1963  | Union Grove, Wisconsin, US
Modra Observatory | 1988  | Modra, Slovakia
Mohr Observatory (demolished) | 1765–1780  | Jakarta, Indonesia
Moletai Astronomical Observatory | 1969  | Moletai, Lithuania
Molonglo Observatory Synthesis Telescope (MOST)  | 1960  | Bungendore, New South Wales, Australia
Mont Mégantic Observatory | 1978  | Mont Mégantic, Québec, Canada
Monterey Institute for Research in Astronomy
(Oliver Observing Station)  | 1972
(1984)  | Chews Ridge, California &
Monterey, California, US
Montevideo National Observatory  |  | Montevideo, Uruguay, 34°54.6′S 56°12.8′W﻿ / ﻿34.9100°S 56.2133°W﻿ / -34.9100; -56.2133
Moore Observatory | 1978  | Oldham County, Kentucky, US
Morgan–Monroe Observatory | 1966  | Morgan–Monroe State Forest, Indiana, US
Morris Observatory | 1973  | North Manchester, Indiana, US
Morrison Observatory |  | Fayette, Missouri, US
Moscow Cosmic-Ray Station |  | Troitsk, Russia
Mount Stony Brook Observatory | 1968  | Stony Brook, New York, US
Mounds Observatory |  | Tulsa, Oklahoma, US
Mount Abu InfraRed Observatory | 1995  | Mount Abu, Rajasthan, India
Mount Burnett Observatory | 1972  | Mount Burnett, Victoria, Australia
Mount Cuba Astronomical Observatory |  | Greenville, Delaware, US
Mount Graham International Observatory | 1993  | Mount Graham, Arizona, US
Mount John University Observatory | 1965  | Lake Tekapo, South Island, New Zealand
Mount Laguna Observatory | 1968  | San Diego, California, US
Mount Lemmon Observatory |  | Tucson, Arizona, US
Mount Pleasant Radio Observatory |  | Tasmania, Australia
Mount Stromlo Observatory | 1911  | Canberra, Australia
Mount Suhora Observatory | 1987  | Gorce Mountains, Poland
Mount Wilson Observatory | 1904  | Mount Wilson, Los Angeles County, California, US
Mountain Skies Observatory | 1997  | Lyman, Wyoming, US
Mullard Radio Astronomy Observatory | 1957  | Cambridge, England, UK
Murchison Radio-astronomy Observatory | 2012  | Murchison, Western Australia, Australia
Mykolaiv Astronomical Observatory | 1821  | Mykolaiv, Mykolaiv Oblast, Ukraine
Nachi-Katsuura Observatory |  | Nachikatsuura, Wakayama, Japan
Nançay Radio Telescope | 1965  | Nançay, France
Nanjing Astronomical Instruments Research Centre | 1958  | Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
National Astronomical Observatory (Colombia) | 1803  | Bogotá, Colombia
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan | 1988  | Headquarters: Mitaka, Tokyo, Japan
National Astronomical Observatory (Mexico) | 1967  | Sierra San Pedro Mártir, Baja California, Mexico
National Observatory (Brazil) | 1827  | Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
National Observatory of Athens | 1842  | Athens, Greece
National Optical Astronomy Observatory

* Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory
* Gemini Observatory
* Kitt Peak National Observatory
* National Solar Observatory

| 1982  | Headquarters: Tucson, Arizona, US
National Optical Observatory |  | Turkey
National Radio Astronomy Observatory

* Atacama Large Millimeter Array
* Green Bank Telescope
* Very Large Array
* Very Long Baseline Array

| 1957  | Headquarters: Charlottesville, Virginia, US
National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics (NRIAG)  | 1903  | Helwan, Egypt
National Solar Observatory | 1952  | Sunspot, New Mexico, US & Kitt Peak, Arizona, US
Naval Research Lab. Radio Sta.  |  | Sugar Grove, West Virginia, US 38°31.2′N 79°16.4′W﻿ / ﻿38.5200°N 79.2733°W﻿ / 38.5200; -79.2733
Naylor Observatory | 1971  | Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, US
Neuchâtel Observatory | 1858  | Neuchâtel, Switzerland
Nha Trang Observatory | 2017  | Nha Trang, Vietnam
Nice Observatory | 1879  | Nice, France
Nieuwland Hall (Napoleon III Telescope) | 1959  | Notre Dame, Indiana, US
Nizamia Observatory | 1907  | Hyderabad, India
Nordic Optical Telescope | 1988  | Canary Islands, Spain
Norilsk Cosmic-Ray Station |  | Norilsk, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia
Norman Lockyer Observatory | 1912  | Sidmouth, UK
Northern Arizona University Observatory |  | Flagstaff, Arizona, US
Northern Skies Observatory | 2009  | Peacham, Vermont, US
Northolt Branch Observatory | 2015  | London, England, UK
Northolt Branch Observatory 2, Shepherd's Bush | 2016  | London, England, UK
Northolt Branch Observatory 3, Blandford Forum | 2017  | London, England, UK
North Georgia Astronomical Observatory |  | Dahlonega, Georgia, US
North Otago Astronomical Society Observatory |  | Oamaru, South Island, New Zealand
Nyrölä Observatory | 1997  | Jyväskylän maalaiskunta, Western Finland Province, Finland
OAC (Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba) | 1871  | Córdoba, Argentina
OAO (Observatorio de Aras de los Olmos)  | 2008  | Aras de los Olmos, Valencia, Spain
O'Brien Observatory | 1961  | Marine on St. Croix, Minnesota, US
Observatoire du Pic de Château-Renard | 1974  | Saint-Véran, France
Observatorio Astronómico Nacional (Colombia) | 1803  | Bogotá, Colombia
Observatorio Astronomico Nacional Tonantzintla | 1961  | Tonantzintla, Mexico
Observatorio Solar Carl Sagan | 2000  | Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
Observatory House (defunct) | 1789  | Slough, UK
Observatory of the rue Serpente (defunct) | 1890–1968  | Paris, France
Oil Region Astronomical Observatory |  | Venango County, Pennsylvania, US
Onan Observatory | 1990  | Norwood Young America, Minnesota, US
Ondokuz Mayıs University Observatory | 2006  | Samsun, Turkey
Ondřejov Observatory | 1898  | Ondřejov, Czech Republic
Onsala Space Observatory | 1949  | Onsala, Sweden
Ooty Radio Telescope | 1970  | Ooty, Tamil Nadu, India
Orchard Hill Observatory | 1965  | Amherst, Massachusetts, US
Orioloromano Observatory | 2007  | Oriolo Romano, Italy
Orion 1 (defunct)  | 1971  | Low Earth orbit
Orion 2 (defunct)  | 1973  | Low Earth orbit
Orion Ranch Observatory | 2009  | Bertram, Texas, US
Orwell Park School Observatory | 1848  | Nacton, UK
Ostrowik Observatory | 1952  | Ostrowik, Poland
Otter Creek Observatory | 1995  | Meade County, Kentucky, US
Oulu Cosmic-Ray Station |  | Oulu, Finland
Owens Valley Radio Observatory | 1958  | Bishop, California, US
Pachmarhi Array of Cerenkov Telescopes (PACT) | 1986  | Pachmarhi, Madhya Pradesh, India
Palisades-Dows Observatory | 1987  | Cedar Rapids, Iowa, US
PAGASA Astronomical Observatory | 1954  | Quezon City, Philippines
Palermo Observatory | 1790  | Palermo, Sicily, Italy
Palomar Observatory | 1948  | Palomar Mountain, California, US
Panzano Observatory | 1640  | Bologna, Italy
Paranal Observatory | 1999  | Cerro Paranal, Atacama Desert, Chile
Paris Observatory | 1667  | Paris, France
Parkes Observatory | 1961  | Parkes, Australia
Paul Robinson Observatory | 1965  | High Bridge, New Jersey, US
Peach Mountain Observatory | 1950  | Dexter, Michigan, US
Penteli Observatory | 1937  | Penteli, Attica, Greece
Perkins Observatory | 1931  | Delaware, Ohio, US
Perth Observatory | 1896  | Perth, Australia
Peterberg Observatory | 1977  | Saarland, Germany
Pic du Midi Observatory | 1878  | Pic du Midi, Pyrenees, France
Pico dos Dias Observatory | 1981  | Minas Gerais, Brazil
Piera Observatory | 1968  | Barcelona, Spain
Pierre Auger Observatory | 2004  | Malargüe, Argentina
Pine Bluff Observatory | 1958  | Cross Plains, Wisconsin, US
Pine Mountain Observatory | 1965  | Bend, Oregon, US
Pistoia Mountains Astronomical Observatory | 1990  | Pian dei Termini (near San Marcello Pistoiese), Italy
Piwnice Ovservatory | 1945  | Piwnice near Toruń, Poland
Planetarium and Astronomical Observatory in Grudziądz | 1972  | Grudziądz, Kujawsko-Pomorskie, Poland
Plateau Astronomique de La Couronne | 2024  | Cordes-sur-Ciel, Tarn, France
Pollock Astronomical Observatory | 2004  | Hunting Valley, Ohio, US
Portage Lake Observatory (defunct) | 1948  | Dexter, Michigan, US
Poznań Observatory | 1919  | Poznań, Poland
Prishtina Observatory | 1997  | Pristina Municipality, Kosovo
PROBA-3 | 2024  | Low Earth orbit
Puckett Observatory | 1977  | Ellijay, Georgia, US
Pula Observatory | 1869  | Pula, Croatia
Pulkovo Observatory | 1839  | Pulkovskiye Heights, Russia
Purple Mountain Observatory | 1929  | Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
Queqiao | 2018  | Earth-Moon L2
Queqiao-2 | 2024  | Lunar orbit
Quito Astronomical Observatory | 1873  | La Alameda Park, Quito, Ecuador
Radcliffe Observatory | 1772  | Oxford, England. Moved to Durban, South Africa in 1939
Rainwater Observatory |  | French Camp, Mississippi, US
Ralph A. Worley Observatory | 1964  | Shreveport, Louisiana, US
Rankin Science Observatory | 1963  | Appalachian State University, Boone, North Carolina, US
Rancho Mirage Library and Observatory | 2018  | Rancho Mirage, California, US
Rattlesnake Mountain Observatory (defunct) | 1971  | Hanford Reach National Monument, Washington, US
Real Instituto y Observatorio de la Armada (Spain)  | 1793  | San Fernando, Cádiz, Spain
Red Barn Observatory | 2006  | Ty Ty, Georgia, US
Red Buttes Observatory | 1994  | Laramie, Wyoming, US
Riley Observatory | 1974  | Naperville, Illinois, US
RIT Observatory |  | Rochester, New York, US
Ritter Observatory |  | Toledo, Ohio, US
Robert A. Schommer Observatory |  | Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, US
Robert Brownlee Observatory |  | Lake Arrowhead, California, US
Robinson Observatory |  | Orlando, Florida, US
Robotic Lunar Observatory (defunct) | 1995  | Flagstaff, Arizona, US
Roger Twitchell Observatory[8] | 1972  | Paris, Maine, US
Rogers Observatory | 1981  | Traverse City, Michigan, US
Rolnick Observatory |  | Westport, Connecticut, US
Rome Observatory | 1938  | Italy
Roseland Observatory | 1998  | St Stephen-in-Brannel, UK
Rossall School Observatory |  | Rossall, UK
Rothney Astrophysical Observatory | 1984  | Priddis, Alberta, Canada
Royal Observatory, Greenwich | 1675  | Greenwich, England, UK
Royal Observatory, Edinburgh | 1896  | Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
Roque de los Muchachos Observatory | 1979 (officially inaugurated in 1985)  | La Palma, Canary Islands, Spain.
Rosemary Hill Observatory |  | Bronson, Florida, US
Rozhen Observatory | 1981  | Peak Rozhen, Bulgaria
Rutherford Observatory | 1920s  | New York City, New York, US
San Fernando Observatory (SFO) | 1976  | Sylmar, California, US
Sankt Andreasberg Observatory | 2014  | Sankt Andreasberg, Germany
Sayan Spectrographic Cosmic Ray Complex |  | Irkutsk, Russia
SFA Observatory | 1976  | Nacogdoches, Texas, US
Sagamore Hill Radio Observatory | 1963  | Hamilton, Massachusetts, US
Shattuck Observatory | 1854  | Hanover, New Hampshire, US
Sherwood Observatory | 1972  | Mansfield, UK
Seven Hills Observatory | 1996  | Kearney, Nebraska, US
Shamakhi Astrophysical Observatory | 1958  | Shamakhi, Azerbaijan
Shanghai Astronomical Observatory | 1962  | Shanghai, China
Sherzer Observatory | 1878  | Ypsilanti, Michigan, US
Sheshan Astronomical Observatory | 1900  | Shanghai, China
Siding Spring Observatory | 1924  | Siding Spring, New South Wales, Australia
Sidmouth Observatory | 1912  | Sidmouth, Devon, England, UK
Sierra Nevada Observatory | 1981  | Sierra Nevada, Spain
Silesian Planetarium and Astronomical Observatory | 1955  | Chorzów / Katowice, Silesia, Poland
Simeiz Observatory | 1906  | Simeiz, Crimea, Ukraine
Skalnaté Pleso Observatory | 1953  | Vysoké Tatry, Slovakia
Skinakas Observatory | 1984  | Crete, Greece
Skylab | 1973  | Low Earth orbit; re-entered in 1979
Smith Observatory | 1880s  | Beloit, Wisconsin, US
Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory | 1890  | Cambridge, Massachusetts, US
Sobaeksan Optical Astronomy Observatory | 1978  | Sobaeksan, South Korea
Sola Fide Observatory | 1990s  | Austin, Minnesota, US
Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) | 1996  | Earth–Sun L1 point
Solar Space Telescope | 2009  | 709 km SSO; life: 3 years
Sommers–Bausch Observatory | 1949  | Boulder, Colorado, US
Sonnenborgh Observatory | 1853  | Utrecht, Netherlands
Sonoma State Observatory | 1976  | Rohnert Park, California, US
South African Astronomical Observatory

* Cape Town
* Sutherland

* 1820
* 1972

| Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa

* Sutherland, Northern Cape, South Africa

Southern Astrophysical Research Telescope (SOAR) | 2004  | Cerro Pachón, Chile
South Pole Telescope | 2007  | Antarctica
Spanish National Observatory | 1790  | Madrid, Spain
Special Astrophysical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Sciences | 1966  | Zelenchukskaya, near Arkhyz, Caucasus Mountains, Russia
Sperry Observatory | 1967  | Cranford, New Jersey, US
Spitzer Space Telescope | 2003  | Heliocentric orbit
Springfield Observatory | 1968  | Springfield, Massachusetts, US
Sproul Observatory | 1911  | Swarthmore, Pennsylvania, US
Stardome Observatory | 1967  | Auckland, North Island, New Zealand
Starkenburg Observatory | 1970  | Heppenheim, Germany
Štefánik's Observatory | 1928  | Prague, Czech Republic
Stellafane Observatory | 1920  | Springfield, Vermont, US
Stellar Vista Observatory | 2019  | Kanab, Utah, US
Stephens Memorial Observatory | 1901  | Hiram, Ohio, US
Steward Observatory

* MMT Observatory
* Mount Graham International Observatory
* Mount Lemmon Observatory

| 1916  | Tucson, Arizona, US
Stickney Observatory[9] | 1950s  | Bennington, Vermont, US
Stjerneborg | 1581  | Hven, Sweden
Stockholm Observatory | 1749  | Stockholm, Sweden
Stokesville Observatory | 1970s  | Virginia, US
Stone Observatory | 1853  | Stone, Buckinghamshire, UK
Stonyhurst Observatory | 1838  | Lancashire, England
Strasbourg Observatory | 1881  | Strasbourg, France
Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy | 2006  | 14 km in Earth stratosphere
Stull Observatory | 1966  | Alfred, New York, US
Stuttgart Observatory | 1920  | Stuttgart, Germany
Submillimeter Array | 1987  | Mauna Kea, Hawaii, US
St. Thomas Observatory | 2009  | Saint Paul, Minnesota, US
Space Variable Objects Monitor | 2004  | Low Earth orbit
Sudbury Neutrino Observatory | 1999  | Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
Sunriver Observatory | 1990  | Sunriver, Oregon, US
Swift Gamma-Ray Burst Mission | 2004  | Low Earth orbit
Swiss Observatory Polychron and Astronomy | 2019  | Geneva, Switzerland
Sydney Observatory | 1858  | Sydney, Australia
Table Mountain Observatory |  | Angeles National Forest, Wrightwood, California, US
Tacubaya Observatory | 1882  | Tacubaya, Mexico City, Mexico
Taeduk Radio Astronomy Observatory | 1986  | Taejon, South Korea
Tamke-Allan Observatory | 1998  | Roane County, Tennessee, US
Tartu Observatory | 1964  | Tartumaa, Estonia
Teide Observatory | 1964  | Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
Ten Acre Observatory |  | Tribbey, Oklahoma, US
Terskol Peak Observatory | 1989  | Terskol, Kabardino-Balkaria, Russia
Thai National Observatory | 2013  | Doi Inthanon, Chiang Mai, Thailand
The Dam Observatory | 2017  | Lake Tschida, North Dakota, US
The Heights Observatory | 1989  | The Heights School, South Australia, Australia
Texas A&M Astronomical Observatory |  | College Station, Texas, US
Theodore Jacobsen Observatory | 1895  | Seattle, Washington, US
Thompson Observatory | 1968  | Beloit, Wisconsin, US
Tien Shan Astronomical Observatory |  | Almaty, Kazakhstan
Tuorla Observatory | 1952  | Piikkiö, Finland
Trieste Observatory |  | Trieste, Italy
Troodos Observatory | 2023  | Agridia, Troodos Mountains, Cyprus
Trottier Observatory | 2015  | Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada
Turin Observatory | 1759  | Pino Torinese, Italy
Udaipur Solar Observatory |  | Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
Ukrainian T-shaped Radio telescope, second modification | 1972  | Shevchenkove, Ukraine
Ulugh Beg Observatory | 1420s  | Samarkand, Uzbekistan
University of Alabama Observatory | 1950  | Tuscaloosa, Alabama, US
University of Alabama Observatory (Old) | 1849–1890s  | Tuscaloosa, Alabama, US
University of North Alabama Observatory |  | Florence, Alabama, US
University of Illinois Astronomical Observatory | 1896  | Urbana, Illinois, US
University of London Observatory | 1929  | London, England, UK
University of Maryland Observatory |  | College Park, Maryland, US
University of Michigan-Dearborn Observatory | 2007  | Dearborn, Michigan, US
University of New Hampshire Observatory | 1985  | Durham, New Hampshire, US
University of Oklahoma Observatory |  | Norman, Oklahoma, US
University of Puerto Rico at Humacao Observatory[10] | 1985  | Humacao, Puerto Rico, US
University of Valencia Astronomical Observatory | 1909  | Valencia, Spain
Uppsala Astronomical Observatory | 1741  | Uppsala, Sweden
Urania (Antwerp) |  | Hove, Belgium
Urania (Berlin) |  | Berlin, Germany
Urania (Vienna) | 1909  | Vienna, Austria
Urania Observatory (Zürich) | 1907  | Zürich, Switzerland
Uraniborg | 1572–1597 (demolished) | Hven, Sweden
Urumqi Astronomical Observatory | 1957  | Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
U.S. Naval Observatory (USNO)[11]

* Depot of Charts and Instruments (U.S. Navy) (precursor, renamed to USNO)
* U.S. Naval Observatory (Flagstaff Station)

| 1844

* 1830–1844
* 1955

| Washington, D.C., US

* Washington, D.C., US
* Flagstaff, Arizona, US

Valongo Observatory | 1881  | Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Vainu Bappu Observatory | 1968  | Kavalur, Tamil Nadu, India
Astronomical observatory of Aosta Valley  | 2003  | Nus, Aosta Valley, Italy
Van Vleck Observatory | 1914  | Middletown, Connecticut, US
Vanderbilt University Observatory |  | Nashville, Tennessee, US
Vartiovuori Observatory (defunct) | 1819–1834  | Turku, Finland
Vassar College Observatory (defunct) | 1865  | Poughkeepsie, New York, US
Vatican Observatory

* Vatican Advanced Technology Telescope

| 1891

* 1993

| Headquarters: Castel Gandolfo, Italy

* Mount Graham, Arizona, US

Veen Observatory | 1970  | Lowell, Michigan, US
Vega–Bray Observatory | 1990  | Benson, Arizona, US
Ventspils Starptautiskais Radioastronomijas Centrs |  | Irbene, Latvia
Vernonia Peak Observatory |  | Vernonia, Oregon, US
Very Large Array | 1980  | Socorro, New Mexico, US
Very Long Baseline Array | 1993  | Various locations on Earth
Vienna Observatory | 1753  | Vienna, Austria
Vilnius University Observatory | 1753  | Vilnius University, Lithuania
Višnjan Observatory | 1978  | Višnjan, Croatia
Vsetín Observatory | 1950  | Vsetín, Czech Republic
Warkworth Radio Observatory | 2008  | Warkworth, New Zealand
Warner Observatory (defunct) | 1882  | Rochester, New York, US
Warner and Swasey Observatory | 1919  | Cleveland, Ohio, US
Warren Rupp Observatory | 1985  | Mansfield, Ohio, US
University of Warsaw Observatory | 1825  | Warsaw, Poland
Washburn Observatory | 1881  | Madison, Wisconsin, US
Wast Hills Observatory | 1982  | Birmingham, England, UK
Weaver Student Observatory | 1998  | Monterey, California, US
Weitkamp Observatory | 1955  | Westerville, Ohio, US
West Mountain Observatory | 1981  | West Mountain, Utah, US
Whakatane Astronomical Society | 1964  | Whakatāne, New Zealand
Whitin Observatory | 1901  | Wellesley, Massachusetts, US
Widener University Observatory | 2004  | Chester, Pennsylvania, US
Wilder Observatory | 1903  | Amherst, Massachusetts, US
Willard L. Eccles Observatory | 2009  | Frisco Peak, Utah, US
William Brydone Jack Observatory | 1851  | Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada
Williams Observatory | 1990  | Boiling Springs, North Carolina, US
Winer Observatory | 1983  | Sonoita, Arizona, US
Winfree Observatory | 1900  | Lynchburg, Virginia, US
Wise Observatory | 1971  | Negev, Israel
Witte Observatory | 1984  | Mediapolis, Iowa, US
WIYN Observatory | 1994  | Kitt Peak, Arizona, US
Wyoming Infrared Observatory | 1975  | Laramie, Wyoming, US
Xiangfen Astronomical Observatory | 2100 BCE  | Xiangfen County, Linfen, Shanxi Province, China
Xinglong Station (NAOC) |  | Xinglong County, Chengde, Hebei province, China[12]
Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory | 1968  | Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
XMM-Newton | 1999  | Highly eccentric Earth orbit
XRISM | 2023  | Earth orbit
XPoSat | 2024  | Earth orbit
Xujiahui Astronomical Observatory | 1872  | Shanghai, China
Arctic Space Weather Center |  | Yakutsk, Russia
Yale Student Observatory |  | New Haven, Connecticut, US
Yangbajing International Cosmic-Ray Observatory |  | Yangbajing Valley, Tibet, China
Yantra Mandir | 1724  | New Delhi, Delhi, India
Yerevan Cosmic-Ray Station |  | Yerevan, Armenia
Yerkes Observatory | 1897  | Williams Bay, Wisconsin, US
York University Observatory |  | Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Yuba City Astronomical Observatory | 2010  | Yuba City, California, US
Yunnan Astronomical Observatory | 1957  | Kunming, Yunnan, China
Zimmerwald Observatory | 1956  | Zimmerwald, Switzerland
Zadko Observatory | 2009  | Gingin, Australia

## See also

[edit]

* Lists of telescopes
* Category:Astronomical observatories by country
* History of the telescope
* List of astronomical instrument makers
* List of highest astronomical observatories
* List of largest optical reflecting telescopes
* List of largest optical refracting telescopes
* List of observatory codes
* List of planetariums
* List of radio telescopes
* List of telescope types
* Science tourism
* Space observatory
* Timeline of telescopes, observatories, and observing technology

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Chaisson, Eric; McMillan, Steve (2002). Astronomy Today, Fourth Edition. Prentice Hall.
2. ^ "Bangladesh Astronomical Observatory". Archived from the original on 2020-06-09.
3. ^ "Brackett Observatory". Physics and Astronomy Department. Pomona College. 18 January 2017. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
4. ^ "The Frank P. Brackett Observatory Dedication". Popular Astronomy. 17: 14–19. January 1909. Bibcode:1909PA.....17...14.
5. ^ "Astronomical Observatory, Kyoto University". www.kwasan.kyoto-u.ac.jp. Archived from the original on 2019-03-29. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
6. ^ "Astronomical Observatory, Kyoto University". www.kwasan.kyoto-u.ac.jp. Archived from the original on 2019-03-29.
7. ^ "History of the Landolt Astronomical Observatory". Louisiana State University Department of Physics & Astronomy. September 1, 2022. Retrieved September 1, 2022.
8. ^ "Twitchell Observatory | MSAD 17". MSAD17.org. Maine Department of Education. Retrieved December 30, 2022.
9. ^ "Stickney Observatory at Bennington College". Stickney Observatory at Bennington College.
10. ^ Muller, R. J. (Summer 1994). "The Humacao University Observatory". International Amateur-Professional Photoelectric Photometry Communication. 56 (43): 43. Bibcode:1994IAPPP..56...43M.
11. ^ "Records of the U.S. Naval Observatory". National Archives. 2016-08-15. Retrieved 2021-04-14.
12. ^ "Xinglong Observing Station". 2021-03-21. Archived from the original on 2023-01-23.

## External links

[edit]

* History of Astronomy: Observatories and other places
* American observatories by state/Link expired
* Observatories with Clear Sky Clocks
* Map of observatory locations
* Map of observatories in the United Kingdom